scholarly journals Seasonal Variation of Kaurenoic Acid, a Hypoglycemic Diterpene Present in Wedelia paludosa (Acmela brasiliensis) (Asteraceae)

2004 ◽  
Vol 59 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 229-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louisiane Faccio V. Bresciania ◽  
Rosendo Augusto Yunes ◽  
Cristiani Bürger ◽  
Luis Eduardo De Oliveira ◽  
Kauê Leal Bóf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Kaurenoic Acid ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
Hypoglycemic Diterpene

We evaluated the variation of the concentration of kaurenoic acid (1), which is a bioactive diterpene, in leaves, flowers, stems and roots from Wedelia paludosa (Acmela brasiliensis) for different seasons using the HRGC/FID method. The results indicated that the concentration of 1 is higher in the roots and stems during the autumn. The pharmacological results suggested that kaurenoic acid is responsible, at least in part, for the hypoglycemic potential detected in this plant.

Vitamin D (25-OH) concentrations in hospitalized patients, outpatients and dialysis patients depending on seasonal variation

2015 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 209-212
Author(s):  
Magdalena Maria Ostrowska ◽  
Ewa Szulc-Mysińska ◽  
Dagna Bobilewicz ◽  
Marta Faryna
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Seasonal Changes ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
Optimum Concentration ◽  
Dialysis Patients ◽  
Total Vitamin ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
Mean Concentration ◽  
Global Health Problem

Vitamin D deficiency, which is a global health problem, may result in numerous diseases, such as rickets in children and osteoporosis and osteomalacia in adults. The occurrence of the above-mentioned disorders is promoted by the wintertime and higher latitudes. The aim of the study was to compare the concentrations of vitamin D (25-OH) in hospitalized patients and outpatients in different seasons of the year (summer and winter), as well as in dialysis patients in December and May. The Roche test for the quantitativedetermination of total vitamin D (25-OH) was used in the study. The range from 30 to 80 ng/ml was accepted as the optimum concentration. In hospitalized patients and outpatients, both in summer and winter mean concentration of vitamin D (25-OH) reached the values below 30 ng/ml in over 80% of the patients. Only in the hospitalized patient group mean concentration of vitamin D (25-OH) in the summer was significantly higher than in the winter (p=0.0016). In the dialysis patients mean concentration of vitamin (25-OH) in May was significantly higher than in December (p=0.0085) and the percent of the results below 30 ng/ml amounted to 96.39% in December and 77.27% in May. In conclusion, the 25(OH)D concentrations in the whole population under study are lower than those recommended and undergo periodical seasonal changes in hospitalized patients.

scholarly journals Algal flora of Rajarani Lake, Dhankuta and their seasonal distribution

Our Nature ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 44-54
Author(s):  
Govinda Shrestha ◽  
Shiva Kumar Rai
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Seasonal Distribution ◽  
Algal Flora ◽  
Ankistrodesmus Falcatus ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
Aulacoseira Granulata

In this paper, a total 46 algae belonging to 34 genera and 3 classes (Chlorophyceae 54%, Bacillariophyceae 28%, Cyanophyceae 18%) have been reported from Rajarani Lake, Dhankuta, Nepal. Among these, 13 algae were reported as new to the country. Genera Ankistrodesmus, Closterium, and Desmodesmus had maximum number of species whereas 25 genera were represented by single species. Seasonal variation of algae showed that there was changing number and type of algae with physicochemical parameters in different seasons. Cyanophycean algae Microcystis flos-aque was dominant and observed in all sites in every collection of winter, summer and rainy seasons, and followed by bacillariophyceaean algae i.e., Aulacoseira granulata var. angustissima. The maximum number of algae was found in summer (59%) followed by winter (50%) and rainy (31%) seasons. There were 6 common algae found in all season’s viz. Ankistrodesmus falcatus, Aulacoseira granulata var. angustissima, Flagilaria tenera, Microcystis flos-aquae, Navicula radiosa and Oedogonium sp. Algae viz., Anabaena affinis, Cyclotella meneghiana, Pinnularia divergens, Pinnularia interrupta, Tetrastrum heteracanthum, and Ulothrix subtilissima were found only in winter season whereas, Aulacoseirsa granulata var. muzzanensis, Bolbochaete sp, Closterium striolatum, Cylindrospermum muscicola, Desmodesmus abundans, Desmodesmous quadricauda var.bicaudatus, Eunotia bilunaris, Gomphonema lacusrankaloides and Gomphonema pseudoaugur were observed only in summer. Similarly, Aphanocapsa pulchra, Oscillatoria sancta and Pediastrum duplex var. gracillimum were reported only in rainy season.

Is there a seasonal variation in mucus transport and nutrient absorption in the leopard frog?

1992 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 442-446 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce K. Rubin ◽  
Chris I. Cheeseman ◽  
Sita Gourishankar ◽  
Malcolm King
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Seasonal Variability ◽  
Rana Pipiens ◽  
Mucociliary Clearance ◽  
Intestinal Transport ◽  
Leopard Frog ◽  
Intestinal Lumen ◽  
Leopard Frogs ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
Frog Palate

We postulated that as a hibernating species, frogs might have variable demands for nutrients at different seasons of the year and that this must be reflected in seasonal variations of physiologic processes related to nutrient transport and absorption. We examined the rate of mucus transport on the ciliated palate and the movement of nutrients across the intestinal lumen of leopard frogs, Rana pipiens. Mucus transport on the frog palate was strongly influenced by season, with maximal transport occurring in late June (Julian day 178, p = 0.0001; r = 0.58). This increased transport rate was associated with a summertime increase in mucus recoil (lower tangent δ) and a decrease in mucus hydration (increase in percent solids composition). Intestinal transport of leucine, lysine, and galactose did not appear to exhibit seasonal variability. These data suggest that different mechanisms may operate in determining seasonal variability in physiologic responses.Key words: mucociliary clearance, mucus viscoelasticity, intestinal absorption, Anura, seasonal variation.

scholarly journals Seasonal variation of the effect of extremely diluted agitated gibberellic acid (10-30) on wheat stalk growth - a multi researcher study

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (36) ◽  
pp. 263-264
Author(s):  
Peter Christian Endler ◽  
Christian Reich ◽  
Wolfgang Matzer ◽  
Thomas Reischl ◽  
Anna Maria Hartmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Effect Size ◽  
High Dilution ◽  
Reliable Effect ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
Stalk Length ◽  
Bio Assay

Control experiments were performed at different seasons of the year as a follow-up to pilot experiments [1] where a homeopathic high dilution of gibberellic acid had influenced growth in a wheat bio assay (7 days). Grains of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum, Capo variety) were observed under the influence of extremely diluted gibberellic acid (10-30) prepared by stepwise dilution and agitation according to a protocol derived from homeopathy (“G30x”). Analogously prepared water was used for control (“W30x”). Following up on 5 pilot experiments (4 in autumn 2007, 1 in spring 2008), 10 experiments were performed (5 in autumn 2008 or 2009 and 5 in winter 2009 or 2010) with a total of 9 experiments in autumn season (5 researchers, about 9,000 grains), and 6 in winter/spring (4 researchers, about 6,000 grains). Germination rates after 7 days were slightly higher for the autumn experiments (96.1%) than for the winter/spring experiments (94.8%) (p > 0,05), with a non significant trend of more seedlings having germinated in the verum group in the autumn experiments (p > 0,05). All of the 9 autumn experiments (i.e. pilot as well as repetition experiments) showed less stalk growth in the verum group (statistically significant with p < 0.01 in 4, with p < 0.05 in 3 cases, trend in 2 cases). Mean stalk lengths (mm) were 46.97 + 20.50 for the verum group and 50.66 + 19.77 for control (mean + S.D.) at grain level (N = 4,440 per group) and + 3.87 and + 3.38 (+ S.D.) respectively at dish level (217 cohorts of 20 or 25 grains per treatment group). In other words, verum stalk length (92.72%) was 7.28% smaller than control stalk length (100%). The effect size (D means : S.D.), calculated on the basis of dishes, was high (d = 1.02). In contrast, no reliable effect was found in experiments performed in winter/spring (less stalk growth in the verum group in one case, no difference in 2 cases, and more growth in 3 cases). Overall verum stalk length (103.64%) was slightly greater than control stalk length (100%). The effect size, however, was small (d = 0.45). The new data are in line with the 2007 findings, i.e. confirm that gibberellic acid 30x does influence stalk growth.

scholarly journals Characterization of Sequences Up-regulated in Peach Bark in Response to Low Temperature

HortScience ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 1130B-1130
Author(s):  
Carole L. Bassett ◽  
Robert E. Farrell ◽  
Timothy S. Artlip
Keyword(s):  
Signal Transduction ◽  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Prunus Persica ◽  
Subtractive Hybridization ◽  
Bark Tissue ◽  
Different Seasons

Genes whose expression is regulated by exposure to low temperature (LT) in peach (Prunus persica L. Batsch.) bark were identified by PCR suppression subtractive hybridization. Among the genes identified by this technique were several that had previously been associated with LT responsiveness, as well as a few that have not been reported to be regulated by cold. Genes represented by the first group included Ppdhn1, previously characterized as a seasonally expressed gene predominantly seen in bark tissue collected in winter months. A novel dehydrin found in this study, Ppdhn3, was also observed to be up-regulated at LT and seasonally expressed. Two genes not previously associated with LT response were found to be up-regulated at 5 °C. These genes encode a polypeptide related to some unknown mitochondrial process (Pptar1p) or a transducin-like protein (Pptlp1) that may be associated with signal transduction. Expression of these genes with respect to seasonal variation and drought stress is compared to genes from peach bark (Ppdhn1 and Ppdhn2), whose patterns of expression in different seasons and under water deficit are well documented.

Seasonal characterisation of municipal solid waste from Astana city, Kazakhstan: Composition and thermal properties of combustible fraction

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (12) ◽  
pp. 1271-1281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bexultan Abylkhani ◽  
Berik Aiymbetov ◽  
Almira Yagofarova ◽  
Diyar Tokmurzin ◽  
Christos Venetis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Waste To Energy ◽  
Energy Potential ◽  
Waste Composition ◽  
Different Seasons

This study presents the results of a seasonal municipal solid waste composition campaign, that took place over the period of September 2017 to June 2018 in the capital city of Kazakhstan, Astana. Four sampling campaigns were conducted in order to identify the seasonal variation of municipal solid waste composition, recyclables and energy potential materials, such as combustible fraction, useful for the evaluation of waste-to-energy potential. The combustible fraction was analysed for thermal fuel properties, such as proximate and elemental analyses and gross calorific value. The results over the four different seasons showed that the average recyclable fraction of municipal solid waste on a wet basis of 33.3 wt.% and combustibles fraction was 8.3 wt.%. The largest fraction was the organics (47.2 wt.%), followed by plastic (15.4 wt.%) and paper (12.5 wt.%). Small seasonal variations were observed for organics, paper, plastic and glass fractions. The highest values were found in summer for the organic waste, in spring for paper and plastic and autumn for glass. The recyclables fraction showed an absolute seasonal variation of 5.7% with a peak in the winter season (35.4%) and the combustibles fraction showed a seasonal variation between 8.3 wt.% to 9.4 wt.%. Finally, the average calorific value of the combustible fraction was estimated to be 21.6 MJ kg-1 on a dry basis.

scholarly journals Analysis of the waste selective collection at drop-off systems: Case study including the income level and the seasonal variation

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Gallardo ◽  
M Carlos ◽  
FJ Colomer ◽  
N Edo-Alcón
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Income Level ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Town ◽  
Selective Collection

There are several factors which have an influence in the selective collection of the municipal waste. To define a selective collection system, the waste generation pattern should be firstly determined and these factors should be analyzed in depth. This paper tries to analyze the economic income level and the seasonal variation on the collection and the purity of light-packaging waste to determine actions to improve the waste management plan of a town. In the first stage of the work, waste samples of the light-packaging containers were collected in two zones of the town with different economic characteristics in different seasons during one year. In the second stage, the samples were characterized to analyze the composition and purity of the waste. They were firstly separated into four fractions: metals; plastic; beverage cartons; and misplaced materials. The misplaced fraction was in its turn separated into cardboard, rubber and leather, inert waste, organic matter, paper, hazardous waste, clothes and shoes, glass and others. The plastic fraction was separated into five types of plastics and the metal fraction into three. In the third stage, the data have been analyzed and conclusions have been extracted. The main result is that the quality of the light-packaging fraction collected in these zones during both seasons were similar. This methodology can be extrapolated to towns with similar characteristics. It will be useful when implementing a system to collect the waste selectively and to develop actions to achieve a good participation in the selective collection of the waste.

scholarly journals Small-Scale Geochemical Heterogeneities and Seasonal Variation of Iron and Sulfide in Salt Marshes Revealed by Two-Dimensional Sensors

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingzhi Zhu ◽  
J. Kirk Cochran ◽  
Christina Heilbrun ◽  
Hang Yin ◽  
Huan Feng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Hydrogen Sulfide ◽  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Pore Water ◽  
Salt Marshes ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Reactive Iron ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
Dimensional Distribution

Loss of tidal wetlands is a world-wide phenomenon. Many factors may contribute to such loss, but among them are geochemical stressors such as exposure of the marsh plants to elevated levels on hydrogen sulfide in the pore water of the marsh peat. Here we report the results of a study of the geochemistry of iron and sulfide at different seasons in unrestored (JoCo) and partially restored (Big Egg) salt marshes in Jamaica Bay, a highly urbanized estuary in New York City where the loss of salt marsh area has accelerated in recent years. The spatial and temporal 2-dimensional distribution patterns of dissolved Fe2+ and H2S in salt marshes were in situ mapped with high resolution planar sensors for the first time. The vertical profiles of Fe2+ and hydrogen sulfide, as well as related solutes and redox potentials in marsh were also evaluated by sampling the pore water at discrete depths. Sediment cores were collected at various seasons and the solid phase Fe, S, N, C, and chromium reducible sulfide in marsh peat at discrete depths were further investigated in order to study Fe and S cycles, and their relationship to the organic matter cycling at different seasons. Our results revealed that the redox sensitive elements Fe2+ and S2– showed significantly heterogeneous and complex three dimensional distribution patterns in salt marsh, over mm to cm scales, directly associated with the plant roots due to the oxygen leakage from roots and redox diagenetic reactions. We hypothesize that the oxic layers with low/undetected H2S and Fe2+ formed around roots help marsh plants to survive in the high levels of H2S by reducing sulfide absorption. The overall concentrations of Fe2+ and H2S and distribution patterns also seasonally varied with temperature change. H2S level in JoCo sampling site could change from &lt;0.02 mM in spring to &gt;5 mM in fall season, reflecting significantly seasonal variation in the rates of bacterial oxidation of organic matter at this marsh site. Solid phase Fe and S showed that very high fractions of the diagenetically reactive iron at JoCo and Big Egg were associated with pyrite that can persist for long periods in anoxic sediments. This implies that there is insufficient diagenetically reactive iron to buffer the pore water hydrogen sulfide through formation of iron sulfides at JoCo and Big Egg.

scholarly journals Seasonal variations of childhood Guillain-Barre Syndrome in South west Iran

2018 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 108-112
Author(s):  
Ali A. Momen ◽  
Abdolhussein Shakurnia ◽  
Mahsa Sarrami
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Seasonal Variations ◽  
Acute Flaccid Paralysis ◽  
Guillain Barre Syndrome ◽  
Khuzestan Province ◽  
South West ◽  
Guillain Barré Syndrome ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
Guillain Barré

Background: It was found that the occurrence of Guillain-Barre Syndrome (GBS) varies in respect tothe month and season; this variation has not been adequately studied.Objective: To determine the month and seasonal variation of GBS in children in the Khuzestanprovince, south west Iran, during a 10-year period (2006-2015).Patients and methods: We extracted data retrospectively from acute flaccid paralysis committeefrom healthcare centers in all cities of the province, over a 10-year period (from January 1, 2006 toDecember 31, 2015). In this study all children under 15 years of age with Guillain-Barre syndromewere surveyed. In order to compare the frequency of GBS in different seasons and months we used theChi Square test.Results: From 187 cases of GBS, 101 (54%) were males, 86 (46%) females with sex ratio 1.17:1. Themean age of the children was 5.39 ± 4.02 years. The highest occurrence of GBS was observed inautumn (32.1%) followed by winter (27.3%). The highest number of cases (28; 15%) occurred inDecember and the lowest (8; 4.3%) in September. There was seasonal (P=0.006) and monthly(P=0.036) variation in occurrence of GBS throughout the year with more prevalence in autumn ,September and December.Conclusion: Our study showed that there is a significant monthly and seasonal variation in childrenwith GBS in Khuzestan province.

scholarly journals Physiological and Chemical Changes during Ripening of Costa Rican Bananas Harvested in Different Seasons

1996 ◽  
Vol 121 (6) ◽  
pp. 1157-1161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas H. Marin ◽  
Sylvia M. Blankenship ◽  
Turner B. Sutton ◽  
William H. Swallow
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Costa Rican ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Hand Position ◽  
Chemical Changes ◽  
Ethylene Treatment ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
Postharvest Life ◽  
Subsequent Storage

Mature green `Grande Naine' bananas (Musa AAA) were harvested 13 weeks after flowering in June and Sept. 1993 and Feb. and Mar. 1994 and were sent air freight to Raleigh, N.C. Fruit were held under 1) storage (36 days at 14 C and 80% to 90% relative humidity) or 2) ripening (8 days storage, followed by ethylene treatment on day 8 and subsequent storage at 17 °C and 80% to 90% relative humidity). Despite of similar grade and age, length of the preclimacteric phase (green life) was different between fruit harvested at different times of the year. Fruit harvested in February and March had a longer green life than those harvested in June and September. Rate of respiration best described changes that occurred during the postharvest life of bananas; however, variables such as pulp pH and soluble solids could be commercially useful measures. Once gassed with ethylene, ripening rates were similar between all four lots of fruit, indicating that seasonal variation probably doesn't contribute much to variability seen during ripening. Hand position in the bunch did not have a large influence on variability during ripening or storage.

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