Effects of feeding varying levels of hempseed meal on dry matter intake, rumen fermentation, in vitro digestibility, blood metabolites, and growth performance of growing meat goats

The aim of this study was to determine the effects of two forage sources supplemented either from Day 3 or Day 15 of age on growth performance, rumen fermentation, blood metabolites, intestinal enzymes and incidence of diarrhoea in Holstein bull calves. Forty neonatal male Holstein calves (40.6 ± 5.8 kg BW) were randomly assigned to five treatments, with eight replicates each, including calves fed starter feed without any forage provision (Control; CON), and the same starter plus either chopped alfalfa hay started fed from Day 3 (AE) or Day 15 of age (AL) or chopped oat hay fed from Day 3 (OE) or Day 15 of age (OL). The study finished when all calves were weaned at 56 days of age. During the experimental period average daily gain, starter intake and total dry matter intake were similar among calves fed either of five dietary treatments (P > 0.05). Empty rumen weight (proportional to bodyweight) was greater in CON calves than in OL calves (P < 0.05). The AL calves had a lighter small intestine compared with CON, OL and AE calves, but similar to OE. Frequency of diarrhoea was not affected by dietary treatment (P > 0.05). Rumen concentration of total volatile fatty acids and pH were similar among dietary treatments (P > 0.05). Control calves had a lower molar proportion of acetate compared with OL calves, but similar to the other calves (P < 0.05). Forage-fed calves had similar molar proportion of butyrate to CON calves. Acetate to propionate ratio was higher in OL-fed calves than in those fed CON and AE diets (P < 0.05). Rumen concentration of NH3-N tended to be higher (P = 0.059) in CON calves than in forage-fed calves. During experimental period, serum concentrations of globulin, total protein, glucose and total cholesterol were similar among dietary treatments. Calves fed OE had lower serum concentration of albumin than those fed other diets (P < 0.01). Serum concentration of triglycerides (P < 0.05) was greater in calves fed AE followed by those fed AL and then those fed CON, OL and OE. The AL-fed calves had a higher serum lactate dehydrogenase compared with AE and OE fed calves, but similar to calves fed OL and CON. Duodenum amylase concentration was greater (P < 0.05) in AE-fed calves compared with CON-fed calves, but similar to calves fed AL, OL and OE. Calves fed OL had greater (P < 0.05) ileum lipase concentration than those fed OE, but similar to calves fed AL, AE and CON. In conclusion, provision of chopped alfalfa or oat hay to calves either from Day 3 or Day 15 of age resulted in similar starter intake and total dry matter intake and feed efficiency and physical development of the reticulorumen compared with calves fed the CON diet, which justifies the supply of forage to young calves, even at an early age, as forages are generally cheaper than starter concentrates.

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Senna spectabilis FRUIT ON HAIR LAMBS FEEDING: DIGESTIBILITY, BLOOD METABOLITES, AND RUMINAL KINETIC

Ciência Animal Brasileira ◽

10.1590/1809-6891v19e-49895 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 19 (0) ◽

Author(s):

Danilo Bonilla-Trujillo ◽

Jairo Andrés Pardo-Guzman ◽

Román David Castañeda-Serrano

Keyword(s):

Crude Protein ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Latin Square ◽

Blood Metabolites ◽

In Vitro Digestibility ◽

Plasma Urea ◽

Promising Alternative ◽

Ruminal Degradability

Abstract In recent years sheep, farming has emerged as an alternative production system especially in dry areas. The use of leaves and fruit from some trees has become an alternative for feeding for ruminants; however, studies on these species are scarce. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of S. spectabilis fruit meal on in vivo and in vitro digestibility, blood metabolites, and ruminal kinetics in hair lambs. This study was carried out at Las Brisas farm, University of Tolima - Colombia. Twelve male hair lambs with body weight of 20.3 ± 2.5 kg were used. Animals were distributed in an experimental 4x4 Latin square design. The treatments consisted of diets based on Dichanthium spp hay with different inclusion levels of S. spectabilis fruit meal (15, 30, and 45%). A linear increasing effect (P <0.05) was observed for in vivo and in vitro digestibility of dry matter, organic matter, and crude protein; likewise, plasma urea and ruminal degradability increased as the level of supplementation of S. spectabilis increased. The meal of S. spectabilis improves digestibility, protein intake, and ruminal kinetics in hair lambs; therefore, it is suggested as a promising alternative for ruminants feeding in dry tropic regions.

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Intake and liveweight response of sheep fed three ground and pelleted cereal straws

Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture ◽

10.1071/ea9740449 ◽

1974 ◽

Vol 14 (69) ◽

pp. 449 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

JG Mulholland ◽

JB Coombe ◽

WR McManus

Keyword(s):

Wheat Straw ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Dry Matter Intake ◽

Barley Straw ◽

In Vitro Digestibility ◽

Oat Straw ◽

Highly Correlated

Wheat, oat and barley straws, ground and pelleted, with and without supplements of urea and minerals, were fed to groups of sheep in pens. Dry matter intake of oat straw was 53 per cent higher than that of wheat straw, which was 33 per cent higher than that of barley straw. Intake of straw was highly correlated with in vitro digestibility. Liveweight losses reflected changes in intake and were lowest on the oat straw and highest on the barley straw. Over all diets supplementation significantly increased intake and reduced liveweight loss.

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KECERNAAN IN-VITRO TANAMAN KALIANDRA (Calliandra calothyrsus) BERBUNGA MERAH DAN PUTIH

Pastura ◽

10.24843/pastura.2015.v05.i01.p07 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 39

Author(s):

Anak Agung Ayu Sri Trisnadewi ◽

I Gusti Lanang Oka Cakra

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Ph Value ◽

Rumen Fermentation ◽

T Test ◽

Calliandra Calothyrsus ◽

In Vitro Digestibility ◽

Fermentation Product ◽

Better Than

The experiment is aimed to evaluate the different of rumen fermentation product and in-vitro digestibility of Calliandra calothyrsus with red and white flower. The different means is analized with t-test (unpairing t-test with equal replicate) and replicate ten times each. Variables observed are pH, NH3, VFA parsial and total, dry matter and organic digestibility in-vitro. Results of the experiment showed that pH value, NH3 concentration and VFA partial and total on Calliandra calothyrsus with red flower tend to lower compared with white one but statistically not significant different. Dry matter and organic digestibility in-vitro of Calliandra calothyrsus with red flower is significantly lower than white one. It could be concluded that rumen fermentation product and dry matter and organic matter digestibility in-vitro of Calliandra calothyrsus with red flower is better than white one.Keywords: Calliandra calothyrsus, ammonia, vollatile fatty acid, in-vitro digestibility

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The prediction of dry matter intake of temperate and tropical roughages from in vitro digestibility/gas-production data, and the dry matter intake and in vitro digestibility of African roughages in relation to ruminant liveweight gain

Animal Feed Science and Technology ◽

10.1016/s0377-8401(97)81628-8 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 69 (1-3) ◽

pp. 131-141 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

M. Blümmel ◽

H.P.S. Makkar ◽

G. Chisanga ◽

J. Mtimuni ◽

K. Becker

Keyword(s):

Dry Matter ◽

Gas Production ◽

Dry Matter Intake ◽

Production Data ◽

In Vitro Digestibility

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Clostridium butyricum Improves Rumen Fermentation and Growth Performance of Heat-Stressed Goats In Vitro and In Vivo

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani11113261 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (11) ◽

pp. 3261

Author(s):

Liyuan Cai ◽

Rudy Hartanto ◽

Ji Zhang ◽

Desheng Qi

Keyword(s):

Acetic Acid ◽

Growth Performance ◽

Propionic Acid ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Basal Diet ◽

Rumen Fermentation ◽

Clostridium Butyricum ◽

Neutral Detergent Fiber

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of Clostridium butyricum on rumen fermentation and the growth performance of heat-stressed goats. The in vitro fermentation was carried out using Clostridium butyricum supplement at 0% (CG), 0.025% (CB1), 0.05% (CB2), 0.10% (CB3), and 0.20% (CB4) of the dry matter (DM) weight of basal diet. Results showed that ruminal pH and the concentrations of ammonia nitrogen, total volatile fatty acids, acetic acid, propionic acid, as well as the acetic acid to propionic acid ratio were significantly increased (p < 0.05) in CB2 and CB3 compared with the CG group. Additionally, significant increases (p < 0.05) in the degradability of DM, neutral detergent fiber, and acid detergent fiber were observed in CB2 and CB3 compared with the CG group. For the in vivo study, 12 heat-stressed goats were divided equally into three groups: the control (HS1) was fed the basal diet, and groups HS2 and HS3 were fed with 0.05% and 0.10% Clostridium butyricum added to the basal diet, respectively. The experiment was designed as a 3 × 3 Latin square. Similar effects on rumen fermentation and digestibility parameters were obtained with 0.05% of Clostridium butyricum supplement compared to the in vitro study. Moreover, the dry matter intake and average daily gain were significantly increased (p < 0.05) in HS2 compared with other groups. These results indicated that an effective dose of Clostridium butyricum supplement (0.05%) could improve the rumen fermentation and growth performance of heat-stressed goats.

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Pasture characteristics and productive performance of dairy cows under two grazing management strategies

Semina Ciências Agrárias ◽

10.5433/1679-0359.2020v41n3p1017 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 41 (3) ◽

pp. 1017

Author(s):

Alberto Magno Fernandes ◽

Tadeu Silva Oliveira ◽

Alisson Rodrigues Jordão ◽

Domingos Sávio Campos Paciullo ◽

Danielle Ferreira Baffa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Milk Production ◽

Leaf Blade ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Nutritive Value ◽

Block Design ◽

Management Strategies ◽

Milk Composition ◽

Dry Matter Intake ◽

In Vitro Digestibility

The objective of this work was to evaluate the supply, morphological and chemical composition of forage, performance and milk composition of crossbred cows managed in Megathyrsus maximus cv. Tanzania in intermittent grazing system with fixed and variable defoliation intervals according to the interception of 95% of photosynthetically active radiation by the canopy. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design with two treatments and two area replications. In each grazing cycle the supply, morphological composition, forage nutritive value, dry matter intake, milk production and composition were determined. The experimental area was 4.0 hectares, divided into two blocks of 2 hectares. Each block was subdivided into 22 pickets (11 for each treatment) totaling 44 pickets with an area of 909 m2 each. Significant differences (P < 0.05) were observed for leaf blade content, in vitro digestibility of dry matter and forage crude protein, dry matter intake, individual and area milk production and lactose content milk, being the highest values found in the pastures managed with variable defoliation interval. Thus, the defoliation interval defined by the 95% interception of the photosynthetically luminosity leads to higher leaf blade proportions in the forage canopy, resulting in higher individual milk yield and per unit area, but with a loss of protein and total solids contents of milk.

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Variation in the relationship between in vitro digestibility and voluntary dry-matter intake of different grass varieties

The Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.1017/s0021859600025594 ◽

1971 ◽

Vol 76 (2) ◽

pp. 243-252 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

R. J. K. Walters

Keyword(s):

Dry Matter ◽

Growth Stage ◽

Rate Of Change ◽

Dry Matter Intake ◽

In Vitro Digestibility ◽

Dry Matter Yield ◽

Varietal Variation ◽

Dead Material ◽

The Relationship

SUMMARYThe relationship between digestibility (% DOMD in-vitro)and voluntary drymatter intake of a range of grasses conserved as artificially dried grass, has been studied in two experiments with reference to growth stage, percentage of leaf, stem and dead material, number of days to harvest and dry-matter yield.In the first experiment digestibility accounted for 69% of the variation in intake during first growth and differences were established between varieties of the same and of different species in (a) intake at similar levels of digestibility and (6) the rate of change of intake per unit change of digestibility. In the second experiment differences in intake were established between varieties, within and between first growth and regrowth, when compared at a similar level of digestibility.The variation in intake between varieties at a similar level of digestibility was not correlated with stage of growth or percentage leaf, stem and dead material in either first growth or regrowth. However, number of days to harvest and to a lesser extent, dry-matter yield, were associated with this variation, but only in first growth.regrowths of grasses generally resulted in higher intakes than first growths, but the varietal variation in intake was not correlated between growths.

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