The Dignity of Reality

2018 ◽  
pp. 203-252
Author(s):  
Tonio Hölscher
Keyword(s):  
Visual Arts ◽  
Real World ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Art Theory ◽  
Roman Art ◽  
The Real ◽  
Conceptual Realism ◽  
Figurative Art ◽  
Greek Art

Greek art is traditionally considered the birthplace and highpoint of artistic idealism; the same judgment is applied, with the exception of portraits and historical reliefs, to Roman art. In addition, recent art theory strongly emphasizes the fundamentally constructing character of the visual arts. Yet the Greeks and Romans themselves considered their art as basically mimetic. In order to overcome this contradiction, the notions of conceptual realism and conceptual reality are introduced. The real world, as it is formed and perceived by human beings, is conceptually constructed; figurative art is a translation from the medium of conceptual reality into the medium of images.

By Way of Introduction: Posing and Solving Problems: The Essence and Legacy of Mathematics

2005 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 115-116
Author(s):  
José Contreras
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
The Real

Mathematics, the queen of the sciences, has evolved and continues to evolve because of the frantic and interminable quest of passionate human beings to solve problems that arise within mathematics itself and in the real world. Yes, mathematics is not complete without concepts, definitions, axioms, theorems, proofs, algorithms, or formulas: They are all integral components of mathematics. But problems—posing and solving them—are the heart, the spirit, the essence of mathematics.

scholarly journals Neurobiologia na tropach uniwersalizmu percepcji sztuki. Prawa estetyki V.S. Ramachandrana i W. Hirsteina w kontekście dzieła sztuki filmowej. Studium przypadku: Nadja Michaela Almereydy

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (36) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanna Przybysz
Keyword(s):  
Visual Arts ◽  
Real World ◽  
Creative Process ◽  
Aesthetic Experience ◽  
Natural Sciences ◽  
Strong Reaction ◽  
Aesthetic Experiences ◽  
The Real ◽  
Characteristic Features

Vilayanur S. Ramachandran and William Hirstein are the authors of the concept of a work of art understood as an exaggerated stimulus in the creative process. The aim of art, according to them, is (a) to show the essence of something in a perceptually accessible way, and (b) to evoke a strong reaction from the recipient. Scientists say that the aim of art is not to perfectly reproduce reality, but to present the very essence of an object, scene or event by exaggerating its most characteristic features, while ignoring non-essential features. The effect of this treatment is a super stimulus, which is a supernatural stimulus that does not exist in the real world. Researchers have proposed seven universal – evolutionarily and culturally – neurological laws of aesthetic experience in relation to the visual arts (painting and sculpture). I propose to extend the tool apparatus of neuroaesthetics from the area of unimodal arts to a work of film art. It is an interesting tool for research into film aesthetics and masterpieces. In this paper, I will discuss these laws and make a representative analysis of them in a visual case study of Michael Almereyda’s film Nadja (1994). The main goal of my work is to show the stricto naturalistic position. Man is not aware that the first stages of cognitive perception have a significant impact on his interest in art, what he pays attention to, and on aesthetic experiences on a sensual, unconscious level. It is an interdisciplinary attempt to provide consistency of research approaches in the humanities with the naturalistic one in the area of natural sciences, which shows that on some levels we are very similar to each other and only in the process of ontogenesis do we acquire individuality – that we are governed by universal laws, not only those related to ourindividual interests and tastes.

scholarly journals Histórias em quadrinhos na sala de aula: leitura de mundos

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (25) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Altair Pivovar
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Comic Books ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
The Real ◽  
Social Conventions ◽  
Classroom Activities ◽  
The World ◽  
Full Life ◽  
Teaching Learning

  RESUMO Assentado no pressuposto de que o ser humano se vê na contingência incessante de decidir como agir satisfatoriamente nos multifacetados espaços pelos quais se vê obrigado a circular, defende-se neste texto que a leitura se dá sempre a partir do ambiente em que o indivíduo se encontra, já que as condições do entorno são essenciais para que uma reação adequada à manutenção de sua existência possa ser tomada. Na esteira dessa compreensão, o texto procura demonstrar de que forma a sala de aula, por ter se tornado um ambiente repetitivo e que não dá condições ao sujeito de reagir ao meio, teria perdido o potencial para desenvolver a capacidade leitora das crianças, jovens e adultos que a frequentam. O texto propõe então que histórias em quadrinhos, desde que o trabalho não fique restrito às publicações oriundas da comunicação de massa, podem cumprir essa finalidade, proporcionando aos alunos o contato com obras que ofereçam sempre novos modos de organização do espaço ficcional, chamados de “protocolos de leitura”, que fazem as vezes da chamada leitura de mundo.     Palavras-chave: Leitura. Histórias em quadrinhos. Ensino-aprendizagem.     ABSTRACT   Supposing human beings constantly have to make expected decisions according to social conventions, the following paper is based on the idea that reading must reflect the environment where one lives since the contradictions of such environment are essential for a full life. Thus, it tries to show how classroom activities, as they have become repetitive and do not offer one the conditions to interact with the real world, have lost the potential to develop students’ reading capacity. It suggests that comic books, since the activity is not constrained to popular publications, can show students a new fictional point of view called “reading protocol”, which can be seen as a way of reading the world.     Keywords: Reading. Comic books. Teaching-learning.

scholarly journals An Application of Neutrosophic Set to Relative Importance Assignment in AHP

Mathematics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (20) ◽  
pp. 2636
Author(s):  
Napat Harnpornchai ◽  
Wiriyaporn Wonggattaleekam
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Pairwise Comparison ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Neutrosophic Set ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Measurement Scales ◽  
Pairwise Comparison Matrix ◽  
Absolute Truth ◽  
The Real

The paper addresses a new facet of problem regarding the application of AHP in the real world. There are occasions that decision makers are not certain about relative importance assignment in pairwise comparison. The decision makers think the relative importance is among a set of scales, each of which is associated with a different possibility degree. A Discrete Single Valued Neutrosophic Number (DSVNN) with specified degrees of truth, indeterminacy, and falsity is employed to represent each assignment by taking into account all possible scales according to the decision maker’s thought. Each DSVNN assignment is transformed into a crisp value via a deneutrosophication using a similarity-to-absolute-truth measure. The obtained crisp scales are input to a pairwise comparison matrix for further analysis. The proposed neutrosophic set-based relative importance assignment is another additional novelty of the paper, which is different from all prior studies focusing only on the definition of measurement scales. The presented assignment emulates the real-world approach of decision making in human beings which may consider more than one possibility. It is also shown herein that the single and crisp relative importance assignment in the original AHP by Saaty is just a special case of the proposed methodology. The sensitivity analysis informs that when decision makers have neither absolute truth nor falsity about a scale, the proposed methodology is recommended for obtaining reliable relative importance scale. The applicability of the proposed methodology to the real-world problem is shown through the investment in equity market.

A crosslinguistic study into culturally motivated resemblances and variations in transferred epithet metaphors in Chinese and English

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 216-248
Author(s):  
Yi Sun ◽  
Yishu Yang ◽  
Monika Kirner-Ludwig
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Cognitive Linguistics ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Cognitive Approach ◽  
The Real ◽  
Chinese And English

Abstract It has been postulated that a cognitive approach may lend itself well to the study of transferred epithets, as this traditional rhetoric device possesses all the essences of metaphor from the perspective of Cognitive Linguistics. Transferred epithet metaphors are gradually cognitively cultivated upon human beings’ repetitive and recursive experiences of the real world and it has been well established that they cannot be separated from culture’s limitations or reformulation. The coupling between experientialism and culture in transferred epithet metaphors necessitates the establishment of a double paradigm to comprehensively and profoundly delve into the twofold restraints.

3D Image Media and Computer Vision -From CV as Robot Technology to CV as Media Technology-

1997 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 92-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuichi Ohta ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Computer Vision ◽  
Real World ◽  
The Other ◽  
Sensor Technology ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
3D Image ◽  
Media Technology ◽  
The Real ◽  
Computer Vision Technology ◽  
Robot Technology

The possibility to apply the computer vision technology to the development of a new image medium is discussed. Computer vision has been studied as a sensor technology between the real world and computers. On the other hand, the computer graphics are the interface technology between the computers and human beings. The invention of ""3D photography"" based on the computer vision technology will realize a new 3D image medium which connects the real world and the human beings via computer. In such a framework, computer vision should be studied as a media technology rather than a robot technology.

scholarly journals The Systemic Concept of Contextual Truth

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrzej Bielecki
Keyword(s):  
Systems Theory ◽  
Wide Class ◽  
Real World ◽  
Autonomous Systems ◽  
The State ◽  
Autonomous Agent ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Functional Aspect ◽  
The Real ◽  
The World

Abstract In this paper the truth is studied in the frame of autonomous systems theory. The method of the truth verification is worked out in its functional aspect. The verification is based on comparison of the predicted inner state of the autonomous agent, that is the cognitive subject, to the achieved inner state of the agent. The state is achieved as the result of performing the action in the real world—the agent’s environment. The action design is created on the basis of the agent’s model of the world. The truth is defined as the adequacy of the model of the real world in the context of the goal that is assumed to be reached as the effect of the performed action. The concepts of the cognitive subject, the truth bearings and the knowledge are redefined. The classical problems of aletheiology and epistemology are discussed in the light of the proposed approach. The cybernetic construct of an autonomous agent allows the researcher to consider a wide class of cognitive entities, which, in the previous approaches, have been limited only to human beings as cognitive subjects.

Cassirer, Langer, and Dilthey on the Distinctive Kinds of Symbolism in the Arts

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rudolf Makkreel
Keyword(s):  
Visual Arts ◽  
Real World ◽  
Ernst Cassirer ◽  
The Real ◽  
Wilhelm Dilthey ◽  
The Arts ◽  
Literary Arts ◽  
The Way

AbstractThis paper examines the ways in which Ernst Cassirer and Susanne Langer place the arts in the spectrum of symbolization. Langer claims that Cassirer is wrong to consider artistic symbolism as a more concrete mode of linguistic symbolism. Instead, artists create presentational symbols that are just as capable of formal articulation, i. e., of complex combinations, as words are. According to Langer, the presentational modes of articulation of music and the visual arts are altogether different from the syntactical mode that governs language. I argue that the way Langer imposes her presentational model on the literary arts goes too far in decontextualizing them from the real world. Thus I propose a more inclusive artistic spectrum which proceeds from Langer’s presentational symbolism to the typifying mode of symbolization suggested by Wilhelm Dilthey to Cassirer’s more ideational linguistic mode.

Creating and applying a narrative-semiosis model

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-121
Author(s):  
Hyosup Song
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Communication Model ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Social Story ◽  
New Model ◽  
The Real ◽  
Narrative Story ◽  
Six Elements ◽  
Static Form

Abstract In this study, I explore a new model of narrative that contains interactions between three levels of story – narrative story, cognitive story, and social story. With this new model, narrative is no longer a static form but rather a whole signifying process among levels. I term this new model narrative-semiosis. The narrative-semiosis model in this study is closely related to the six elements of Jakobson’s communication model. In my new model, cognitive story exists in the minds of both the addresser and addressee, and social story exists in the context where human beings think and perform in the real world. Cognitive story is inferred from the message that is in a narrative story. In this paper, I describe the semiotic interactions among the three levels of stories, not unidirectional but bidirectional, in my narrative-semiosis model. I also validate my model by applying it to a traditional Korean shaman epic Danggumagi and a painting text, Sun and Moon, describing their semiotic narrative signification.

scholarly journals HUMAN COURAGE AND DIGNITY IN ERNEST J. GAINS A LESSON BEFORE DYING

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-49
Author(s):  
Simamora Rosa ◽  
Linus Rumapea
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Human Being ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
The Real ◽  
Library Research ◽  
Electric Chair ◽  
Face Threat

This research is on human courage and dignity in Ernest J. Gainess novel, A Lesson Before Dying. People are able to face threat, pain, danger, or even death in order to maintain their right and dignity relying on courage.This is library research and applies mimetic criticism proposed by Abrams saying that a work of literature is the imitation of the real world. It depicts human being who struggles to maintain and get acknowledgement of their right and dignity to live in respect and worth.The analysis focused on how courage and dignity raise someone who is desperated into brave and thoughtful to face his death. He is desperated because of a false accusision of being a murderer, compared as a hog, and sentenced to death in electric chair. Comparing to a hog makes him lost his courage and self-esteem. He eliminates himself and does not want to speak with others. His godmother disagrees with it and asks a teacher to teach him that he is a human being and should die as a human being too. Then, he is taught by a teacher of moral and obligation to face his death courageously and show that he is a human being who has duty and responsibility. Finally, he is able to sacrifice his death as a symbol of his courage and dignity to himself, his family and community. It is found that the author Ernest J Gains through the novel has vividly portrayed human beings who have courage are able to maintain and get acknowledgement of their right and dignity although they have to face threat, pain, danger, or even death.  

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