"Comprehensive, Combining, and Subtle": Ishmael's Philosophy of Connection in Melville's Moby-Dick

This paper explores the lived philosophy of Ishmael in Herman Melville’s epic, Moby-Dick, particularly as it contrasts with Captain Ahab. Furthermore, this paper examines how Ahab’s narcissism ushers him towards death, while Ishmael’s collectivism guides him towards life. While Ahab is obsessed with himself and his goal of killing Moby Dick, which leads to his own demise, Ishmael is focused on exploring people and their respective philosophies in order to express the infinite spiritual aspects of human life. Ishmael learns from his mistakes, listens to the perspectives of others, and searches for spirituality through various religious and secular means. The form of the novel mirrors its narrator’s wide and wandering curiosity, as Ishamel shares with the reader both the narrative story of the Pequod and worldly facts about the sperm whale. The novel’s form enhances Ishamel’s actions within the story, revealing a nuanced philosophy that values human connection and curiosity. While some scholars have made claims that Ishmael’s narrative style reflects his confusion or ambiguity, this paper argues that it is actually evidence of a life-sustaining philosophy, one which eventually saves Ishmael from being swallowed by the whirlpool caused by Ahab’s pride.

ANALISIS STRUKTUR NARATIF TIGA BABAK FILM STORY OF KALE

<p><strong>Abstrak </strong></p><p>Alur cerita yang dikemas dalam sebuah tontonan film tentunya menjadi modal utama keberhasilan film tersebut dalam menarik perhatian penonton. Dari berbagai genre yang ada, tidak banyak film drama Indonesia yang menggunakan alur mundur dalam penyajian ceritanya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui tahapan dramatik tiga babak film Story of Kale dan alur yang digunakan dalam mengemas cerita film <em>spin off</em> garapan sutradara Angga Dwimas Sasongko. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskripsi kualitatif untuk melihat secara mendalam struktur naratif dan unsur dramatis yang digunakan mulai dari tahap awal, tahap tengah dan tahap akhir. Analisis data pada objek penelitian ini menggunakan teknik analisis struktur naratif tiga babak menurut Syd Field. Hasil analisis penelitian ini menemukan bahwa alur mundur yang disajikan dalam film Story of Kale tidak menggunakan kaidah struktur naratif tiga babak. Penggunaan struktur tiga babak terlihat dalam urutan kronologis cerita film Story of Kale tahap awal, munculnya persoalan dan konflik. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa penggunaan plot <em>flashback</em> dan teknik editing yang simultan dapat mengubah keseluruhan bentuk cerita naratif.</p><p><em><br /></em></p><p><em><strong>Abstract</strong><br /></em></p><p><em>This study discusses the narrative structure of the three-act film Story Of Kale by looking at the dramatic elements in the story presented. The purpose of this study was to determine the dramatic stages of the three-act film Story of Kale and the plots used in packaging the story of the spin-off film directed by Angga Dwimas Sasongko. The research method used is a qualitative description to see in depth the narrative structure and dramatic elements used starting from the early, middle and final stages. Analysis of the data on the object of this research uses the three-act narrative structure analysis technique according to Syd Field. The results of the analysis of this study found that the backward plot presented in the film Story of Kale does not use the rules of the three-act narrative structure. The use of a three-act structure is seen in the chronological order of the story of the early Story of Kale film, the emergence of problems and conflicts. This study concludes that the simultaneous use of flashback plots and editing techniques can change the overall form of the narrative story.</em></p>

The Type of “Multiple” Narrator and Its Embodiment in Large Postmodern Genre Forms. Based on the Novel “Olive Kitteridge” by E. Strout

The present article concentrates on the concept of “narrative” as a literary category, its characteristics and structural elements. The authors of the article concretize the idea of “narrative”, analyze the main narrative theories, and compare the basic concepts of narratology in the scientific works of outstanding scholars. The “multiple” narrator can be found in the works of original genre with complex compositional and narrative structure. In such narrative structures, the narrator can create his own “reality”, his own author's myth through the view angle of each character. This is typical of modern genre forms, where the plot is built on new genre canons, such as novel forms of the “talk show” format or “SMS” novel. The “multiple” narrator forms the structure, provides plot-compositional unity, “leads” narrative story and influences the genre modification of the literary work. Structural types of “multiple” narrator can perceive the reality subjectively and have the ability to present their own vision of reality and interact with other narrative components such as narrator, recipient, author-demiurge, the signs of which are closely interwoven in the modern text. The narrative component of the novel “Olive Kitteridge” by E. Strout is examined in the article as multi-vector, characterized by free narrative and by a heterodiegetic narrator in an extradiegetic situation.

Tove Janssons bildebok Vem ska trösta knyttet? som heltedikt

Tove Jansson’s Picturebook Who Will Comfort Toffle? as a Heroic Poem This article offers an analysis of Tove Jansson’s picturebook Vem ska trösta knyttet? (Who Will Comfort Toffle?) from 1960 as a heroic poem and dramatic monologue, representing an alternative reading to earlier studies of this picturebook as a coherent narrative. Drawing on theory about heroic poetry, poetry and picturebook analysis, we provide a reading that expands those interpretations of Vem ska trösta knyttet? that emphasize the romantic and psychological projects of the book when read as a narrative story. By reading Vem ska trösta knyttet? as a heroic poem, we explore the text as an uttered, ritualistic, and iterative event rather than solely a narrative with fictional characters. Read in the tradition of the heroic poem, Toffle is (still) the hero, where lyrical language and structures allow the reader to remember and retell the poem, letting Toffle’s deeds live on beyond the alleged time of events and the performative declaration by Toffle.

Light At the End of The Tunnel: Re-Storying the Experiences of Teacher- Covid19 Survivors

The continued service at the frontline of educational delivery in the time of COVID19 pandemic situates teachers to susceptibility that is no less critical. This study aimed to tell the experiences of teachers who were in the throes of COVID-19 disease and have recovered, through the narration of their personal stories. Narrative Inquiry was employed and facilitated by the use research interviews and written accounts of 4 teacher-survivors. Using Narrative Thematic approach in data analysis, themes were developed and were formatted in a literary chronological sense of the pre, during and post COVID19 stages of their journey to tell a cohesive narrative story. The plot started with Skepticisms and disbelief that describe the pre-COVID stage. Guilt, Anxiety and Shame; Fraud Information and Disclosure; Stigmas and Discrimination; and experiences pertaining to Temporality and Place; to their Being a Teacher; and to Relationship and Sociality, capture their During-COVID19 stage. The common accounts of Lessons and New Beginnings articulate the Post-COVID19 Stage. Recommendations to help advance the public’s understanding of the experiences of these teacher-survivors were also explicated.

The Fire of the Seas: A Novel About the Bitter Discrimination in Our Society

This article aims to discuss about the topic of discrimination and elaborate it through the form of a creative novel. Three topics are explored: the reasons for discrimination, how discrimination can continue to perpetuate, and how indirect discrimination can also hurt victims. These questions are answered in the narrative story in a novel with the help of the Social Dominance theory and Becker’s theory of Economic Discrimination. Sapphire is a fire-wielding mermaid who is discriminated against because of her power over fire. She finds out that discrimination can exist because the dominant group does not want to lose their privileges, and how discrimination still runs rampant because of the propaganda spread by the king, which is supported using the legalizing myths in Social Dominance theory. Sapphire also witnesses and suffers some indirect forms of discrimination, especially about lack of interaction and wage differences.Keywords: discrimination, indirect discrimination, social dominance, economic discrimination, fantasy, merfolk

RANCANG BANGUN GAME MOBILE BERJENIS ROGUELIKE MENGGUNAKAN STRUKTUR CERITA BRANCHING NARRATIVE

In 2018 the total revenue from the digital game market has reached 137.9 billion USD with mobile being the largest segment of the digital gaming market. The games downloaded on Google Play have several categories, one of which is the role-playing category. That's where the opportunity to follow a trend appears by making an Android game that has the roguelike genre, which is a subgenre of role-playing games. Most games with the roguelike genre don’t have a story or it has a linear one with no control over the emotions of the player character, so this game will be made with a branching narrative story structure which allows players to choose the storyline to make it more interesting. A branching narrative offers the player with important choices; every choice offers a unique outcome to a certain scenario even though the number of outcomes in the story is limited. The survey shows that the branching narrative in the game can increase the curiosity of the player to the story in the game, increase the desire of players to play the game again, and that the branching narrative is strong enough to increase the desire of players to make an In-App Purchase.

CONTEMPORARY CREATIVE FICTION WRITING SOCIAL AND HOMELAND ISSUES

The narrative story has evolved from its precursor, when the old myths are shattered, in which the new novel has become a text with numerous cultural formats within its contents. Fragmentation and separation have been two of the most significant aspects of modern creative writing. In order to grasp the evolving reality, novelists must assume new creative forms in which the reader joins the realms of secrecy and marginalization. Those looking for the positions of the novelist critics will notice that contemporary writing has occupied a distinguished position due to the issues it raises regarding humanity and the homeland and pushing its readers to become conscious and understand what is lacking. The issues of the homeland have become thorny issues due to the imagination of the novelist and his intellectuality. It became more and more evident. The novel, with its transformation and development in content and structure, has become an autonomous literary genre that hides complex topics beyond the words. Its reader must search for distinct critical mechanisms to read it and decode its words. Hence, contemporary novelists did not write fictional texts arbitrarily. But, behind every text there was a significance and a human issue affecting the community whose conditions deteriorated socially and politically. From the above, we will try, in this research paper, to dig into the depth of the issue and reveal the features of the contemporary fictional text and its marginalization. Perhaps the most important question is: Did contemporary creative writing really contribute to educating societies? And revealed the issues that are absent and marginalized? Will the continuation of this type of writing change and solve the nation's crises? In order to answer these questions, we have to research contemporary creative writing and dive into the most important cultural, social, political and even ideological systems.

Examining the Effectiveness of Folktale in Enhancing Students’ Listening Comprehension on Narrative Story

Listening does not receive special attention in teaching and learning processes of English at the Eleventh Grade of MAN 8 Jakarta. This is caused by English teacher’s misconception that speaking and writing should be put in the first priority because they are considered as productive skills. Meanwhile, listening is classified into respective skill. In teacher’s view, productive skills is often valued batter than receptive skill. Consequently, some students do not have good listening comprehension. In principal, this study was conducted to examine the effectiveness of folktale in enhancing students’ listening comprehension on narrative story. Moreover, due to this study utilized experimental method, so two classes were involved. They were XI IPA 1 acted as experimental group and XI IPA II acted as control group. In addition, to obtain valid data, sixty students from both groups were selected randomly to join pre-test and post-test with similar listening test items. The findings of this study showed that the mean score of post-test for experimental group was 80.8 and 68.53 for control group with the degree of freedom (df) was 58. However, the value of t0 (t-count) was 5.96 and the value of tt (t-table) on degree of significance of 5% was 1.67. Having obtained the data, the researcher compared t0 to tt and the result showed that t0 > tt =5.96 > 1.67. It indicates that that H1 or alternative hypothesis was accepted. In other words, This study pointed out that there was significant effect of folktale in enhancing students’ listening comprehension on narrative story.