scholarly journals Obitelj-dijete-škola

2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (14) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anči Leburić
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Primary School ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Family Background ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Close Relation ◽  
Teaching Process ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
The Family ◽  
Social Area

The paper deals with certain aspects of the family background of upper classes pupils in a primary school in Split. Some of the basic moments of parental socio-economic status and general social milieu are illustrated as well. Specific qualities of interactions developed in these contexts between parents and their children are dealt with in particular. The empirical state "recorded" by a questionnaire at the begining of 1996 is presented in its entirety. It can be generally concluded that our young people establish a close relation between love - health - happiness - welfare. The four-item correlation seems to be a sort of motto to most of them. Within social relations, school as an institution and teachers as incumbents of the teaching process are not isolated factors, in spite of general claims as to on their passiveness. Most empirical findings inspire us with optimism and hope for a better future but at the same time they confirm an understanding that there does not exist any enclosed social area free of any kind of problems.

Determinants of substance use among young people attending an urban primary health center in Delhi

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
KA Mogan ◽  
U Venkatesh ◽  
Richa Kapoor ◽  
Mukesh Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Family History ◽  
Young People ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Primary Health Center ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
History Of ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Substance Involvement

AbstractIntroductionSubstance abuse remains one of the major challenges in young people, as it is one of the top five causes of disability-adjusted life years (DALY). The present study aims to find the prevalence and determinants of substance use among young people attending an urban primary health center in Delhi.MethodologySystematic random sampling was used to enroll the calculated sample size of 190. Substance use was assessed using ASSIST (an Alcohol Smoking Substance Involvement Screening Tool) and brief intervention was given based on the standard guidelines of ASSIST. The total score among the substance users is calculated and divided into Grades 1, 2 or 3. Log binomial regression was performed to quantify the association between substance use and covariates such as age, sex, education, occupation, family history of substance use, socio-economic status and family type. The association was expressed in odds ratio (OR) with 95 percent confidence interval (CI).ResultThe mean age of study participants was 18.6 ± 4.1, ranges from 10 to 24 years. Out of 48 substance users, 43.7% were consuming only tobacco, 22.9% were consuming only alcohol and 33.3% were polysubstance users. The history of substance use among family members of participants was found to be 46.3%. Median substance involvement score of tobacco, alcohol and cannabis users was 19 (IQR: 14.5–22), 19 (IQR: 13.5–25) and 22.5 (IQR: 22–23), respectively. Among tobacco users, 2.7% were Grade 1 and 7.2% were Grade 2. Four (16%), 20 (80%) and one (4%) of alcohol users were Grades 1, 2 and 3, respectively. Among the cannabis users, four (100%) were in the Grade 2 category. The median age of initiation of substance use among users was 16 (range 13–21) years. The analysis shows substance use was almost 25 times (adjusted OR = 25.84, 95% CI 5.65–118.09) more common among males and it increase by 2.5 times with a decrease in socio-economic status (adjusted OR = 2.52, 95% CI 1.27–5.02) and the result is significant. The substance use was almost 7 times higher when there is a family history of substance usage (adjusted OR = 7.40, 95% CI 2.15–25.4). Residential and marital status were not significantly associated with substance use.ConclusionMale sex, lower socio-economic status, participants currently not going to school/college, family history of substance use were found to be significant predictors of substance use among the study participants.

scholarly journals Awakening Aspirations of Primary School Students: Where Will Your Dreams Take You?

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth Greenaway ◽  
Uwe Terton
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Primary School ◽  
New World ◽  
Tertiary Education ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Primary School Students ◽  
School Students ◽  
Education Literature ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Capacity To Aspire

This article posits that when children are encouraged to aspire, they can become aware of a new world of choices and opportunities. Children should be supported to aspire in all areas of their lives. Of interest is children’s capacity to aspire to attend tertiary education. Literature shows that children cannot aspire to attend higher education when they have no knowledge of the opportunities nor realise its purpose. To support this argument, we discuss a project involving primary school students from areas that have been identified as having a low socio-economic status. The results show that as a consequence of students participating in the My Tertiary Eductaion (MyTED) program they developed the capacity to aspire to attend tertiary education.“Alicia would look up at the starry sky and dream”(Bright Star, Crew, 1997, p.5)

scholarly journals Are good knowledge and positive attitudes regarding the cigarettes and other tobacco products act prevalent among rural Indian adults?

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 289
Author(s):  
Pracheth R. ◽  
Varun N. ◽  
Ravindra Y. M. ◽  
Preethi S. ◽  
Tasmiya K. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary School ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Good Knowledge ◽  
Tobacco Products ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Knowledge And Attitudes ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude ◽  
Study Participants

Background: Cigarettes and other tobacco products (COTPA) Act is a legislation passed to curb tobacco use in India by imposing restrictions on tobacco products. This study appraised knowledge and attitudes regarding COTPA Act among adults in a rural area and elicited socio-demographic predictors of knowledge and attitudes regarding COTPA Act among study participants.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from September to December 2014 on adults (aged ≥18 years) in a rural area of Coastal Karnataka. A pre-designed, pre-tested proforma was used to collect information from study participants regarding their knowledge and attitudes about COTPA Act. Knowledge and attitude scores were computed. A score of ≥4 was good knowledge and ≥3 was regarded as positive attitudes.Results: Nearly 49.14% had good knowledge, while 51.29% displayed positive attitudes. Those belonging to upper and upper middle socio-economic class (Class I+Class II) had higher odds for good knowledge (AOR=2.09, 95% CI=0.82-5.92), when compared to their counterparts belonging to other socio-economic classes. Age ≥60 years (AOR=3.80, 95% CI= 0.30-9.98), education beyond primary school (AOR=2.88, 95% CI=1.24-6.19), upper and upper middle class socio-economic status (AOR=3.68, 95% CI=1.34-7.02) were the key predictor variables for positive attitudes.Conclusions:Nearly half the study participants had good knowledge and positive attitudes towards COTPA Act. High socio-economic status could predict good knowledge, while age ≥60 years, education beyond primary school and a high socio-economic status were the key variables predicting positive attitudes. Educational campaigns can help improve knowledge. Assessment of knowledge and attitude is imperative prior to implementation of policies to ensure effectiveness. 

Educational Choices, Family Background, and Social Mobility

2019 ◽  
pp. 128-146
Author(s):  
Maria da Conceição Rego ◽  
Carlos Vieira ◽  
Isabel Vieira
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Social Mobility ◽  
Family Background ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Current Data ◽  
Educational Choices ◽  
Access To Higher Education ◽  
Job Market ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Policy Measures

Education is generally considered a valuable tool to improve individual socio-economic status. In European peripheral countries, up to the late 1970s, only a small elite had access to higher education and such privilege guaranteed a comfortable socio-economic position, not only via the job market, but also by allowing the sustainability of pre-existing social links. From then on, democratization of access to higher education should have prompted a decrease in social and economic inequalities within and across countries. However, current data still reflects that, despite gained access to social uplifting tools, individuals from less favored backgrounds appear to not have been able to close the various gaps separating them from the more privileged ones. In this chapter, the authors analyze recent data to characterize higher education attendance in Portugal, highlighting some factors that may still block the socio-economic improvement of the less favored students and suggesting policy measures to overcome them.

scholarly journals Association between socio-economic status and childhood undernutrition in Bangladesh; a comparison of possession score and poverty index

2010 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 1498-1504 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masuda Mohsena ◽  
CG Nicholas Mascie-Taylor ◽  
Rie Goto
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Poverty Index ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
The Family ◽  
Height For Age ◽  
Weight For Age ◽  
Children Under 5

AbstractObjectiveTo determine how much of the variation in nutritional status of Bangladeshi children under 5 years old can be attributed to the socio-economic status of the family.DesignNutritional status used reference Z-scores of weight-for-age (WAZ), height-for-age (HAZ) and weight-for-height (WHZ). A ‘possession score’ was generated based on ownership of a radio, television, bicycle, motorcycle and telephone, and the availability of electricity, with categories of 0 to 4+ possessions. A five-point (quintile) ‘poverty index’ was created using principal component analysis.SettingThe Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey 2004 was the source of data.SubjectsA sample of 4891 children aged <5 years was obtained.ResultsSome 57·8 % of the sample was either stunted, wasted or underweight (7·7 % were stunted, wasted and underweight). Of those stunted (48·4 %), 25·7 % were also underweight. Underweight and wasting prevalences were 40·7 % and 14·3 %, respectively. Mean WAZ, HAZ and WHZ did not differ by sex. Children of mothers with no education or no possessions were, on average, about 1 sd more underweight and stunted than those with higher educated mothers or with 4+ possessions. The possession score provided much greater discrimination of undernutrition than the poverty index. Nearly 50 % of children from households with no possessions were stunted, wasted or underweight (only 27 % in the poorest quintile), compared with only 3–6 % of children from households with 4+ possessions (over 13 % in the richest quintile).ConclusionsMaternal education and possession score were the main predictors of a child’s nutritional status. Possession score was a much better indicator of undernutrition than the poverty index.

scholarly journals Causality and confounding between Right Wing Authoritarianism, education, and Socio-Economic Status; a twin study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolai Haahjem Eftedal ◽  
Thomas Haarklau Kleppestø ◽  
Nikolai Olavi Czajkowski ◽  
Espen Moen Eilertsen ◽  
Jennifer Sheehy-Skeffington ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family Environment ◽  
Twin Study ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Causal Effect ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Causal Effects ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
Right Wing Authoritarianism ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
The Family

While it is well-established that education and Right Wing Authoritarianism (RWA) are quite strongly negatively correlated, it is still unclear why this is the case. There could be causal effects between these variables, in one or both directions, which can be either direct or mediated. And there could also be confounding third variables influencing their association. Using a sample of 320 monozygotic- and 312 dizygotic twin pairs, we were able to control for confounding influences from both genes and the family-environment, increasing our ability to infer causal effects. Furthermore, we investigate the roles of perceived Socio-Economic Status (SES) in both childhood and adulthood; SES in childhood could be a confound between education and RWA, and SES in adulthood could be a mediator. We explore these hypotheses with ACE-β models, which extend the logic of discordant twin designs into a structural equation framework. Our results are consistent with a causal effect of education to reduce RWA. SES in adulthood did not mediate this effect. We find that the negative correlation between RWA and education is further amplified by confounding influences, mostly from the family environment, which are partly associated with SES.

scholarly journals Academic Achievement of Primary School Pupils: Investigating Home Environment Factors Contributing to Low Academic Performance

2020 ◽  
pp. 49-57
Author(s):  
Olivia Akrofi
Keyword(s):  
Academic Achievement ◽  
Academic Performance ◽  
Primary School ◽  
Home Environment ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Parental Style ◽  
Environment Factors ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Kwame Nkrumah ◽  
Primary School Pupils

Home environment factors affect the mental and psychological capability of the learner to attain academic feats. This study investigated home environment factors contributing to low academic performance in primary school pupils in Ghana focusing on the Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST) Primary School in Kumasi. Home environment factors include socio-economic status, parental style and family size. Qualitative and quantitative data were collected from 120 learners and 60 parents of the institution using questionnaires and interview respectively. The results revealed that a significant number of pupils described their homes as not conducive for learning and this was largely attributed to the parental socio-economic status. Again, lack of parental involvement negatively influences the academic work of learners. The study concluded that parents should be encouraged to participate in regular Parent-Teacher Association (PTA) meetings to learn more about parental styles and strategies to be more involved in their children’s education. Keywords: Home environment factors, academic achievement, academic performance, socioeconomic status, parental style.

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