INDUCED EOSINOPENIA AND BASOPHILOPENIA BY »FREE« STEROIDS IN VITRO

1962 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Victoriano Navarrete ◽  
Donald W. Petit
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Acetylsalicylic Acid ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Free Cortisol ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

ABSTRACT The in vivo mechanism of cortisone induced eosinopenia is disputed. Studies are presented which show in vitro eosinolysis in venous blood collected in sequestrine tubes with ethylenediamine tetra acetic acid as the anticoagulant. Free cortisol, cortisone and the synthetic anti-inflammatory analogues as well as Reichstein's Compound S were shown to be capable of inducing in vitro eosinopenia; the acetate and hemisuccinate salts of cortisol were inactive in vitro as were such compounds as deoxycorticosterone, 17α-hydroxyprogesterone, corticotrophin, heparin, epinephrine and acetylsalicylic acid. The speed of the reaction was roughly proportional to the concentration of cortisol in a range from 25 to 200 μg/100 ml. The ultimate degree of eosinolysis was not related to the amount of steroid. The eosinophils remaining after eosinolysis were resistant to further steroid.

scholarly journals ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY OF CURCUMIN AND CAPSAICIN AUGMENTED IN COMBINATION

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 145
Author(s):  
Thriveni Vasanth Kumar ◽  
Manjunatha H. ◽  
Rajesh Kp
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Vascular Permeability ◽  
Diclofenac Sodium ◽  
Significant Inhibition ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
The Individual

Objective: Dietary curcumin and capsaicin are well known for their health beneficial potencies. The current study was done to assess the anti-inflammatory activity of curcumin, capsaicin and their combination by employing in vitro and in vivo models.Methods: We investigated the protective effect of curcumin, capsaicin and their combination using in vitro heat induced human red blood cell (HRBC) membrane stabilisation, in vivo 3% agar induced leukocyte mobilisation and acetic acid induced vascular permeability assay.Results: Curcumin, capsaicin and their combination exhibited concentration dependent protective effect against heat-induced HRBC membrane destabilisation, while combined curcumin and capsaicin restored 87.0±0.64 % membrane stability and it is found to be better than curcumin, capsaicin and diclofenac sodium (75.0±0.25. 72±0.9 and 80.0±0.31 %) protective effect. In agar suspension induced leukocyte mobilization assay, the combined curcumin and capsaicin had shown 39.5±1.58 % of inhibition compared to individual curcumin and capsaicin, which showed moderate inhibition of 16.0±3.14 and 21.6±2.17 % respectively. Besides, the combined curcumin and capsaicin had shown highly significant inhibition of acetic acid-induced vascular permeability in rats (62.0±3.14 %), whereas individual curcumin and capsaicin showed moderate inhibition of vascular permeability with 36.0±2.41 and 43.0±1.92 % respectively.Conclusion: This study demonstrates the significant anti-inflammatory property of combined curcumin and capsaicin at half of the individual concentration of curcumin and capsaicin.

scholarly journals Libidibia ferreaFruit Crude Extract and Fractions Show Anti-Inflammatory, Antioxidant, and Antinociceptive EffectIn Vivoand Increase Cell ViabilityIn Vitro

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamires Rocha Falcão ◽  
Aurigena Antunes de Araújo ◽  
Luiz Alberto Lira Soares ◽  
Iuri Brilhante de Farias ◽  
Wliana Alves Viturino da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Gallic Acid ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Crude Extract ◽  
Leukocyte Migration ◽  
Total Glutathione ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Background.Libidibia ferrea(L. ferrea)is found throughout the northeastern region of Brazil, where it has been used in folk medicine with beneficial effects on many inflammatory disorders.Purpose. This study investigated the phytochemical composition of the crude extract and fractions ofL. ferreafruit and evaluated its anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activitiesin vivoand effect on cell viabilityin vitro.Methods. Characterization of polyphenols present in crude extract (CE), hydroalcoholic fractions of 20-80% ethanol (CE20, CE40, CE60, and CE80), aqueous fraction (AqF), and ethyl acetate (EAF) fractions ofL. ferreafruit was performed by chromatographic analysis.Anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated by using a carrageenan-induced peritonitis model submitted to a leukocyte migration assay and myeloperoxidase activity (MPO) analysis. Total glutathione and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were assessed to evaluate the oxidative stress level. Antinociceptive activity was evaluated by acetic acid-induced abdominal writhing and hot plate test.In vitrocell viability was determined by using MTT assay in a mouse embryonic fibroblast cell line (3T3 cells).Results. Chromatography revealed the presence of ellagic acid content in EAF (3.06), CE (2.96), and CE40 (2.89). Gallic acid was found in EAF (12.03), CE 20 (4.43), and CE (3.99).L. ferreacrude extract and all fractions significantly reduced leukocyte migration and MPO activity (p<0.001).L. ferreaantioxidant effect was observed through high levels of total glutathione and reduction of MDA levels (p<0.001). Acetic acid-induced nociception was significantly inhibited after administration ofL. ferreacrude extract and all fractions (p<0.001). Crude extract and all fractions significantly increased the viability of the 3T3 cell line (p<0.05).Conclusions. The appropriate extraction procedure preserves the chemical components ofL. ferreafruit, such as gallic acid and ellargic acid. Crude extract and fractions ofL. ferreafruit exhibited anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antinociceptive activitiesin vivoand enhanced cell viabilityin vitro.

Maydis Stigma Elicits Analgesia and Blocks Edema in Mice and Inhibits Inflammation in Macrophages

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (07) ◽  
pp. 1477-1496 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun Hee Jeong ◽  
You-Chang Oh ◽  
Won-Kyung Cho ◽  
Hye Jin Yang ◽  
Jin Yeul Ma
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Anticancer Activities ◽  
Ear Edema ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Maydis Stigma (MS) is an herb traditionally used in many parts of the world. Previous studies have reported that MS plays a role in several biological activities, including antidiabetic and anticancer activities. However, the effects of a MS ethanolic extract (MSE) on the anti-inflammatory cellular mechanism remain unclear. Here, we investigated the anti-inflammatory properties of MSE and its molecular mechanism both in vitro and in vivo. The effects of MSE on the production of inflammatory mediators, cytokines, and related proteins and the identification of target genes were determined using LPS-stimulated macrophages. We also determined the analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of MSE by examining acetic acid-induced writhing responses and xylene-induced ear edema in mice. Our results indicated that MSE markedly decreased iNOS and COX-2 levels without causing cytotoxicity and suppressed the secretion of NO in LPS-stimulated macrophages. MSE also inhibited the production of proinflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-[Formula: see text], IL-6, and IL-1[Formula: see text], and induced the expression of HO-1. Moreover, MSE treatment significantly reduced the LPS-stimulated activation of MAPK, NF-[Formula: see text]B, and AP-1. Furthermore, MSE exerted an analgesic effect on the acetic acid-induced abdominal writhing response test and an anti-inflammatory effect on xylene-induced ear edema in ICR mice. Finally, we investigated the components of MSE using UPLC-ESI-MS and found that it contains the maysin as a marker component. Overall, these observations demonstrate that MSE has anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive effects both in vitro and in vivo, which may provide new scientific evidence for its use as a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of inflammation.

scholarly journals Analgesic, Anti-Inflammatory and Anticancer Activities of Extra Virgin Olive Oil

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Myriam Fezai ◽  
Laura Senovilla ◽  
Mohamed Jemaà ◽  
Mossadok Ben-Attia
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Acetylsalicylic Acid ◽  
Olive Oil ◽  
Virgin Olive Oil ◽  
Intraperitoneal Administration ◽  
Xenograft Model ◽  
Extra Virgin Olive Oil ◽  
Athymic Mice ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Background. In folk medicine, extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) is used as a remedy for a variety of diseases. This study investigates thein vivoantinociceptive, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer effects of EVOO on mice and rats.Materials and Methods. In this experimental study, using the acetic acid-induced writhing and formalin tests in mice, the analgesic effect of EVOO was evaluated. Acetylsalicylic acid and morphine were used as standard drugs, respectively. The anti-inflammatory activity was investigated by means of the carrageenan-induced paw edema model in rats using acetylsalicylic acid and dexamethasone as standard drugs. Last, the xenograft model in athymic mice was used to evaluate the anticancer effectin vivo.Results. EVOO significantly decreased acetic acid-induced abdominal writhes and reduces acute and inflammatory pain in the two phases of the formalin test. It has also a better effect than Dexamethasone in the anti-inflammatory test. Finally, the intraperitoneal administration of EVOO affects the growth of HCT 116 tumours xenografted in athymic mice.Conclusion. EVOO has a significant analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer properties. However, further detailed studies are required to determine the active component responsible for these effects and mechanism pathway.

scholarly journals Anti-allergic and anti-inflammatory activities of black cumin extracts in in vitro and in vivo model systems

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nazma Shaheen ◽  
Afiatul Azam ◽  
Amlan Ganguly ◽  
Saeed Anwar ◽  
Md Sorwer Alam Parvez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Paw Edema ◽  
Writhing Test ◽  
Black Cumin ◽  
Rat Paw Edema ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Rat Paw ◽  
Dose Dependent

Black cumin (Nigella sativa) is a widely used ingredient of traditional medicine for its broad-spectrum pharmacological actions, including anti-allergic, bronchial asthma, and anti-inflammatory properties. We sought to evaluate BC extracts' efficacy for their anti-allergic and anti-inflammatory properties using a comprehensive in vitro, in vivo, and silico experimental setup. To investigate whether BC extract has anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, and analgesic therapeutic potentials in vitro and in vivo. The activity of BC was assessed through anti-allergic activity on rat basophilic leukemia-2H3 cell line, anti-inflammatory activity on J774.1A cell line, anti-inflammatory activity by carrageenan-induced rat paw edema, analgesic activity by acetic acid-induced writhing test, and ingenuity analysis of the BC extracts in inflammation control. BC exerted potent anti-allergic activity by inhibiting antigen-induced degranulation. An anti-inflammatory effect is shown by inhibiting TNF-α pro-duction. The acetic acid-induced writhing test shown a dose-dependent reduction of writhing number following BC administration. Rat paw edema test shown the dose-dependent reduction of paw edema volume following BC administration. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) suggested BC extracts containing ferulic acid, p-coumaric acid, kaempferol, and quercetin can inhibit inflammation. This study suggests that bioactive compounds in BC extract act as an anti-allergic and anti-inflammatory agent by regulating several downstream and upstream inflammation pathways.

scholarly journals Anti-Inflammatory, Antipyretic, and Analgesic Properties of Potamogeton perfoliatus Extract: In Vitro and In Vivo Study

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (16) ◽  
pp. 4826
Author(s):  
Samar Rezq ◽  
Mona F. Mahmoud ◽  
Assem M. El-Shazly ◽  
Mohamed A. El Raey ◽  
Mansour Sobeh
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Opioid Analgesic ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Inflammatory Models ◽  
Potamogeton Perfoliatus ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Natural antioxidants, especially those of plant origins, have shown a plethora of biological activities with substantial economic value, as they can be extracted from agro-wastes and/or under exploited plant species. The perennial hydrophyte, Potamogeton perfoliatus, has been used traditionally to treat several health disorders; however, little is known about its biological and its medicinal effects. Here, we used an integrated in vitro and in vivo framework to examine the potential effect of P. perfoliatus on oxidative stress, nociception, inflammatory models, and brewer’s yeast-induced pyrexia in mice. Our results suggested a consistent in vitro inhibition of three enzymes, namely 5-lipoxygenase, cyclooxygenases 1 and 2 (COX-1 and COX-2), as well as a potent antioxidant effect. These results were confirmed in vivo where the studied extract attenuated carrageenan-induced paw edema, carrageenan-induced leukocyte migration into the peritoneal cavity by 25, 44 and 64% at 200, 400 and 600 mg/kg, p.o., respectively. Moreover, the extract decreased acetic acid-induced vascular permeability by 45% at 600 mg/kg, p.o., and chemical hyperalgesia in mice by 86% by 400 mg/kg, p.o., in acetic acid-induced writhing assay. The extract (400 mg/kg) showed a longer response latency at the 3 h time point (2.5 fold of the control) similar to the nalbuphine, the standard opioid analgesic. Additionally, pronounced antipyretic effects were observed at 600 mg/kg, comparable to paracetamol. Using LC-MS/MS, we identified 15 secondary metabolites that most likely contributed to the obtained biological activities. Altogether, our findings indicate that P. perfoliatus has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, analgesic and antipyretic effects, thus supporting its traditional use and promoting its valorization as a potential candidate in treating oxidative stress-associated diseases.

scholarly journals HPLC/MSn Profiling and Healing Activity of a Muco-Adhesive Formula of Salvadora persica against Acetic Acid-Induced Oral Ulcer in Rats

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 28
Author(s):  
Nahla Ayoub ◽  
Nadia Badr ◽  
Saeed S. Al-Ghamdi ◽  
Safaa Alsanosi ◽  
Abdullah R. Alzahrani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Type I ◽  
Salvadora Persica ◽  
Sulphur Compounds ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Salvadora persica L. (S. persica, Siwak) is an ethnic plant that is widely used for improving oral hygiene. This study aimed to provide a phytochemical profiling of S. persica ethyl acetate fraction (SPEAF) and to evaluate the healing activity of a muco-adhesive formula of the fraction against acetic acid-induced oral ulcers in rats. HPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS-MS analysis of SPEAF resulted in the tentative identification of 56 metabolites containing fatty acids (23%), urea derivatives (10.5%) and sulphur compounds (10%), in addition to several amides, polyphenols and organic acids (6.5%, 5% and 2%, respectively). For the first time, 19 compounds were identified from S. persica. In vitro and in vivo experiments indicated that the extract is non-toxic. SPEAF exhibited superior healing activities compared to both the negative and positive control groups on days 7 and 14 of tongue ulcer induction. This was confirmed by histopathological examinations of haematoxylin and eosin-stained (H&E) and Masson’s trichrome-stained tongue sections. Moreover, SPEAF showed potent anti-inflammatory activities, as evidenced by the inhibited expression of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumour necrosis alpha (TNF-α). Moreover, SPEAF exhibited potent antioxidant activity, as it prevented malondialdehyde (MDA) accumulation, reduced glutathione (GSH) depletion and superoxide dismutase (SOD) exhaustion. SPEAF significantly enhanced hydroxyproline tongue content and upregulated collagen type I alpha 1 (Col1A1) mRNA expression. SPEAF also improved angiogenesis, as shown by the increased mRNA expression of the angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1). In conclusion, S. persica has a wide range of secondary metabolites and ameliorates acetic acid-induced tongue ulcers in rats. This can be attributed, at least partly, to its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, procollagen and angiogenic activities. These findings provide support and validity for the use of S. persica as a traditional and conventional treatment for oral disorders.

scholarly journals Synthesis, Characterization of Novel N'(2-Phenoxyacetyl)Nicotinohydrazide and N'(2-Phenoxyacetyl)Isonicotinohydrazide Derivatives as Anti-Inflammatory and Analgesic Agents

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. M. Pallavi ◽  
Fares Hezam Al-Ostoot ◽  
Hamse Kameshwar Vivek ◽  
Shaukath Ara Khanum
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Thermal Pain ◽  
Elemental Analyses ◽  
Analgesic Agents ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Abstract A new derivatives of isonicotinohydrazide 9 (a-e) and 10(a-e) were designed, synthesized, characterized based on the different spectroscopic analysis FT-IR, -1H, -13C-NMR, mass spectra, and also elemental-analyses, and identified as a remarkable anti-inflammatory along with analgesic effect. In-vitro and in-vivo anti-inflammatory and analgesic actions were performed using analgesic acetic acid-induced squirming and Hot plate latency tests using male Swiss albino mice. The study was supported by the in-silico and ADMET approaches. Among the series, compound (10e) showed the highest IC50 value for COX-1 inhibition, whereas compounds (9e) and (10e) exhibited the highest COX-2 SI. Further, in silico studies provide a putative bind site for the potent compound in a three-dimensional geometrical view. The results revealed that the title compound (10e) with bromo group exhibited potent COX-2 inhibitor at different times which is on par with the normal drug used in the assay system. Substitution of halogens at N’(2-phenoxyacetyl)nicotinohyrazide showed (10e) potent analgesic outcome on acetic acid-induced squirming response and thermal pain among the series 9(a-e) and 10(a-e). The overall pharmacological result suggests that the newly synthesized compounds possess good anti-inflammatory along with analgesic-activity which was evaluated through in-vitro, in-vivo, and --silico studies.

scholarly journals Effects of acetylsalicylic acid and acetic acid solutions on VX2 liver carcinoma in rabbits: in vivo analysis

2007 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 299-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rogério Saad-Hossne ◽  
René Gamberini Prado ◽  
William Saad Hossne
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Acetylsalicylic Acid ◽  
Liver Carcinoma ◽  
Acid Solutions ◽  
Hepatic Tumors ◽  
Clinical Evolution ◽  
Vx2 Carcinoma

PURPOSE: To analyze, in vitro, the effects of acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin) and acetic acid solutions on VX2 carcinoma cells in the liver of rabbits with VX2 hepatic tumors; to determine the histolytic and anatomopathological characteristics of the solutions; and to evaluate the eventual biochemical and hepatic changes. METHODS: A total of 48 rabbits were evaluated. The animals were randomized into two groups, protocol 3 (study group) and protocol 4 (controls), and each group was then subdivided into 3 subgroups. Four days after implantation of the tumor in the liver, median laparotomy was performed with a 0.4-ml injection of a solution of either aspirin (5.0%), acetic acid (5.0%) or saline. The animals were sacrificed after 24 hours (protocol 3) or after 11 days (protocol 4). Body weight, clinical evolution and biochemical levels, as well as the abdominal and thoracic cavities, were evaluated, and liver microscopy was performed. RESULTS: No changes in clinical evolution, body weight or biochemical levels were reported. However, an increase in alkaline phosphatase was observed in protocol 4 (controls). The tumor was eliminated in both protocols. CONCLUSION: Acetylsalicylic acid and acetic acid solutions cause the destruction of experimental hepatic tumors.

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