EFFECT OF LONG-TERM TESTOSTERONE OENANTHATE ADMINISTRATION ON MALE REPRODUCTIVE FUNCTION: CLINICAL EVALUATION, SERUM FSH, LH, TESTOSTERONE, AND SEMINAL FLUID ANALYSES IN NORMAL MEN

1975 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 373-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Mauss ◽  
G. Börsch ◽  
K. Bormacher ◽  
E. Richter ◽  
G. Leyendecker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seminal Fluid ◽  
Sperm Concentration ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Male Reproductive Function ◽  
Sperm Counts ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Normal Men

ABSTRACT The effect of long-term testosterone administration on male reproductive function has been investigated in seven healthy young men age 20 to 27 years. Testosterone oenanthate (TOe) was administered in doses of 250 mg per week for 21 weeks. No toxic side-effects were observed. Libido, sexual potency, frequency of sexual intercourse and body hair development generally remained unaffected, but there was a reversible mean weight gain of 3.6 kg during TOe administration. Seminal fluid parameters and radioimmunoassayable serum FSH, LH, testosterone, and androstenedione levels were monitored before, during, and after TOe administration. The serum testosterone rose approximately by a factor of two, while the serum FSH and LH were rapidly suppressed after the initiation of the TOe therapy. The mean sperm concentration fell to values below three million spermatozoa per ml, and changes in sperm motility, the percentage of normal sperm morphology, and seminal fructose concentrations generally paralleled those of the mean sperm concentrations. In contrast, the mean seminal fluid volume and serum androstenedione levels did not change significantly during TOe administration. The mean sperm concentration showed a marked recovery 13 to 16 weeks after TOe withdrawal, but sperm counts remained below pre-treatment levels in three out of seven subjects 25 to 28 weeks after discontinuation of TOe.

scholarly journals RANKL regulates male reproductive function

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Blomberg Jensen ◽  
Christine Hjorth Andreassen ◽  
Anne Jørgensen ◽  
John Erik Nielsen ◽  
Li Juel Mortensen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seminal Fluid ◽  
Semen Quality ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Predictive Biomarkers ◽  
Wild Type Mouse ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Human Testis ◽  
Male Reproductive Function ◽  
Infertile Men ◽  
Sperm Counts

AbstractInfertile men have few treatment options. Here, we demonstrate that the transmembrane receptor activator of NF-kB ligand (RANKL) signaling system is active in mouse and human testis. RANKL is highly expressed in Sertoli cells and signals through RANK, expressed in most germ cells, whereas the RANKL-inhibitor osteoprotegerin (OPG) is expressed in germ and peritubular cells. OPG treatment increases wild-type mouse sperm counts, and mice with global or Sertoli-specific genetic suppression of Rankl have increased male fertility and sperm counts. Moreover, RANKL levels in seminal fluid are high and distinguishes normal from infertile men with higher specificity than total sperm count. In infertile men, one dose of Denosumab decreases RANKL seminal fluid concentration and increases serum Inhibin-B and anti-Müllerian-hormone levels, but semen quality only in a subgroup. This translational study suggests that RANKL is a regulator of male reproductive function, however, predictive biomarkers for treatment-outcome requires further investigation in placebo-controlled studies.

scholarly journals Correlation Between Ultrasonic Testicular Volume and Seminal Fluid Analysis in Men with Infertility

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-107
Author(s):  
Sadiq Abu ◽  
Hadijat O. Kolade-Yunusa ◽  
Terkaa Atim ◽  
F. Ehimatie Obakeye ◽  
Nuhu K. Dakum
Keyword(s):  
Sperm Motility ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Seminal Fluid ◽  
Sperm Concentration ◽  
Testicular Volume ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Testicular Function ◽  
Semen Volume ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

Background: Infertility is a major cause of marital disharmony in Nigeria because of the high premium placed on childbearing. Unfortunately, the blame is on the woman most times in Nigeria. Seminiferous tubules comprise 80-90% of testicular mass. Thus, the testicular volume is an index of spermatogenesis. Therefore, accurate testicular volume will help in assessing testicular function if there is no obstruction. This study was conducted to evaluate the correlation between testicular volume, measured by ultrasound and conventional sperm parameters (semen volume, sperm concentration, sperm motility and sperm morphology) in men with infertility presenting to Urology Division, University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Gwagwalada Abuja. Methodology: This was a descriptive cross sectional study, male subjects with infertility presenting to University of Abuja Teaching Hospital were recruited into the study. The testicular volume of all the subjects was measured by ultrasonography. The semen samples were collected by the process of masturbation on day five of sexual abstinence and analyzed according to WHO criteria 2010. Collated data were analyzed using SPSS version 20.0. P-value<0.05 was taken as statistically significant. Results: The average total testicular volume (TTV) of men with infertility was 19.83 ml while mean testicular volume (MTV) was 10.24 ml. There was a statistically significant difference between MTV and semen volume (r=0.391, p=0.000), and sperm concentration (r=0.639, p=0.000). There was a weak and insignificant correlation between MTV and sperm motility and MTV and morphology (r=0.216, p=0.055 and r=0.076, p=0.502) respectively. Linear regression analysis showed significant impact of MTV (P<0.001) on sperm concentration with a critical MTV of ≤10ml.0 indicating poor testicular function (severe oligospermia) Conclusion: The mean ultrasonic testicular volume in men with infertility in this study was 10.24ml and there was a significant positive correlation of MTV with semen volume and sperm concentration. Although, there was correlation of MTV with sperm motility and morphology, this was not significant. The critical mean ultrasonic testicular volume indicating poor testicular function (severe oligospermia) was found to be 10ml. This study has shown that the mean ultrasonic testicular volume can be a pointer to semen volume and sperm concentration in evaluating men with infertility.

An investigation of LH pulsatility in burned men by bioassay and radioimmunoassay

1992 ◽  
Vol 126 (5) ◽  
pp. 404-409 ◽  
Author(s):  
CG Semple ◽  
R Mitchell ◽  
S Hollis ◽  
WR Robertson
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Testosterone Concentration ◽  
Lh Pulsatility ◽  
Pulse Peak ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Normal Men

LH pulsatility studies were performed in six burned patients by removing blood samples at 10 min intervals over a 6 h period. All samples were assayed for LH by bioassay (B-LH), LH by radioimmunoassay (I-LH) and testosterone. Mean serum testosterone concentrations of the burned patients were low (6.7±1.6 nmol/l). I-LH levels were lower than B-LH in all samples. Frequency of bioactive or immunoreactive pulses as well as mean B-LH and I-LH concentrations were similar to previously published data from normal men examined in the same laboratory. The mean biological activity of LH (expressed as the ratio of B-LH to I-LH, the B:I ratio) was lower in burned subjects (1.9±0.1) than previously reported in normal men. The B:I ratios of burned men were lower (p <0.01) at pulse peaks than at nadirs (1.8±0.1 vs 2.0±0.1) and an increase in serum testosterone concentration did not follow an LH peak. Serum testosterone concentrations did not cross-correlate with B-LH or I-LH. This contrasts with the findings in normal subjects where the B:I ratios have been found to be higher at pulse peaks than at nadirs and an increase in serum testosterone concentration follows a pulse peak and serum testosterone cross-correlates with B-LH and I-LH. LH secreted in a pulse peak in normal men may contain a particularly biologically potent form of the molecule but this may not be the case in burned men.

scholarly journals Semen quality in patients with pituitary disease and adult-onset hypogonadotropic hypogonadism

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 523-533 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikkel Andreassen ◽  
Anders Juul ◽  
Ulla Feldt-Rasmussen ◽  
Niels Jørgensen
Keyword(s):  
Semen Quality ◽  
Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism ◽  
Sperm Concentration ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Free Testosterone ◽  
Pituitary Insufficiency ◽  
Adult Onset ◽  
Pituitary Disease ◽  
Sperm Counts ◽  
The Individual

Objective Gonadotropins (luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)) are released from the pituitary gland and stimulate Leydig cells to produce testosterone and initiates spermatogenesis. Little is known about how and when the deterioration of semen quality occurs in patients with adult-onset gonadotropin insufficiency. Design and methods A retrospective study comprising 20 testosterone-deficient men (median age, 29 years) with acquired pituitary disease who delivered semen for cryopreservation before initiation of testosterone therapy. Semen variables and hormone concentrations were compared to those of young healthy men (n = 340). Results Thirteen of 20 patients (65%) and 82% of controls had total sperm counts above 39 million and progressive motile spermatozoa above 32% (P = 0.05). For the individual semen variables, there were no significant differences in semen volume (median (intraquartile range) 3.0 (1.3–6.8) vs 3.2 (2.3–4.3) mL, P = 0.47), sperm concentration 41 (11–71) vs 43 (22–73) mill/mL (P = 0.56) or total sperm counts (P = 0.66). One patient had azoospermia. Patients vs controls had lower serum testosterone 5.4 (2.2–7.6) vs 19.7 (15.5–24.5) nmol/L (P = 0.001), calculated free testosterone (cfT) 145 (56–183) vs 464 (359–574) pmol/L (P < 0.001), LH 1.5 (1.1–2.1) vs 3.1 (2.3–4.0) U/L (P = 0.002) and inhibin b (P < 0.001). Levels of FSH were similar (P = 0.63). Testosterone/LH ratio and cfT/LH ratio were reduced in patients (both P < 0.001). Conclusions Despite Leydig cell insufficiency in patients with acquired pituitary insufficiency, the majority presented with normal semen quality based on the determination of the number of progressively motile spermatozoa. In addition, the data suggest reduced LH bioactivity in patients with pituitary insufficiency.

scholarly journals Oxytocin in pig seminal plasma is positively related with in vivo fertility of inseminated sows

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorena Padilla ◽  
Marina López-Arjona ◽  
Silvia Martinez-Subiela ◽  
Heriberto Rodriguez-Martinez ◽  
Jordi Roca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seminal Plasma ◽  
Sperm Quality ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Sperm Concentration ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Peptide Hormone ◽  
Large White ◽  
Male Reproductive Function ◽  
Farrowing Rate

Abstract Background Identification of relevant in vivo biomarkers for fertility remains a challenge for the livestock industry. Concentrations of the small peptide hormone oxytocin (OXT), involved in male reproductive function and present in the seminal plasma (SP) of several species could be a robust one. This study characterized concentrations of SP-OXT in ejaculates from boars used in artificial insemination (AI) programs aiming to evaluate its relationship with sperm quality variables and in vivo fertility of their liquid-stored AI-semen. Seminal OXT concentrations (ng/mL) were measured in 169 ejaculates from 61 boars of the Duroc, Pietrain, Landrace and Large White breeds using a direct competitive immunoassay test based on AlphaLISA® technology. Ejaculate (ejaculate volume, sperm concentration, total sperm count) and sperm parameters (motility, viability, intracellular generation of reactive oxygen species, plasma membrane fluidity) were assessed at 0 h and 72 h in AI-semen samples stored at 17 °C. In vivo fertility included only 18 Large White and Landrace boars whose AI-semen was used to inseminated > 100 sows and evaluated both farrowing rate and litter size of 3,167 sows. Results The results showed that SP-OXT differed between boars and between ejaculates within boar (P < 0.05) but not between breeds (Duroc, Pietrain, Landrace and Large White). Ejaculates with higher SP-OXT concentration/mL (hierarchically grouped; P < 0.001) had larger volume and came from younger boars (P < 0.05). Ejaculates of boars showing positive farrowing rate deviation exhibited higher (P < 0.05) SP-OXT concentration/mL than those with negative farrowing rate deviation. Conclusion The SP concentrations of OXT are boar, ejaculate and age dependent, and positively related with ejaculate volume and farrowing rates of liquid-stored semen AI-doses.

Male reproductive function in long-term survivors of childhood cancer

1988 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 241-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norman Jaffe ◽  
Margaret P. Sullivan ◽  
Hubert Ried ◽  
Hallie Boren ◽  
Robert Marshall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Childhood Cancer ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Male Reproductive Function ◽  
Survivors Of Childhood Cancer ◽  
Long Term Survivors

Same Total Normal Forms Sperm Counts of Males From Lhasa and Shanghai, China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benhong GU ◽  
Shangren WANG ◽  
Feng LIU ◽  
Yuxuan SONG ◽  
Jun LI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Normal Form ◽  
Sperm Concentration ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Sperm Parameters ◽  
Semen Parameters ◽  
Male Reproductive Function ◽  
Fragmentation Index ◽  
Reproductive Endocrine ◽  
Index Ratio ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Male infertility may be caused by genetic and/or environmental factors that impair spermatogenesis and sperm maturation. High-altitude (HA) hypoxic environments represent one of the most serious challenges faced by humans that reside in these areas. To assess the influence of the plateau environment on semen parameters, 2,798 males, including 1,111 native Tibetans and 1,687 Han Chinese individuals living in the plains(HCILP) who underwent pre-pregnancy checkups, were enrolled in this study. The semen samples of males were evaluated to determine conventional sperm parameters, sperm morphology, and sperm movement. Reproductive endocrine hormones (REHs) were detected in 474 males, including 221 Tibetans and 253 HCILP. Due to recurrent abortions in partners, the DNA fragmentation index (DFI) of 133 native Tibetans and 393 HCILP individuals was further compared. Luteinizing hormone (LH) (4.94 ± 2.12 vs. 3.29 ± 1.43 U/L), prolactin (11.34 ± 3.87 vs. 8.97 ± 3.48 nmol/L), E2/T (0.22 ± 0.11 vs 0.11 ± 0.05), median total sperm motility (61.20% vs. 51.56%), and DFI (23.11% vs. 7.22%) were higher in males from plateau areas while median progressive motility (PR) (35.60% vs. 41.12%), total number of PR sperms (51.61 vs. 59.63 mil/ejaculate), percentage of normal form sperms (3.70% vs. 6.00%), curvilinear velocity (36.10 vs. 48.97 μm/s), straight-line (rectilinear) velocity (14.70 vs. 31.52 μm/s), estradiol (103.82 ± 45.92 vs. 146.01 ± 39.73 pmol/L), progesterone (0.29 ± 0.27 vs. 2.22 ± 0.84 nmol/L), testosterone (4.90 ± 1.96 vs. 14.36 ± 5.24 nmol/L), and testosterone secretion index (ratio of testosterone to LH) (33.45 ± 22.86 vs 145.78 ± 73.41) were lower than those in males from the plains. There was no difference in median total sperm number (157.76 vs. 151.65 mil/mL), sperm concentration (52.40 vs. 51.79 mil/mL), volume (3.10 vs. 3.10 mL), total normal form sperms (5.91 vs. 6.58 mil/ejaculate, p50), and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels (4.13 ± 2.55 U/L vs 3.82 ± 2.35 U/L) between the two groups of males. The REH and sperm parameters of males from HA hypoxic environments were adaptively altered. Although the total number of PR sperm decreased and DFI increased, the Tibetan population that lives at HAs has been found to grown continuously and rapidly. These results supplement prior findings regarding the impact of HA on male reproductive function.

Effect of growth hormone therapy in men with severe idiopathic oligozoospermia

1995 ◽  
Vol 132 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kok-Onn Lee ◽  
Soon-Chye Ng ◽  
Pheng-Soon Lee ◽  
Ariff T Bongso ◽  
Elizabeth A Taylor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Hormone Therapy ◽  
Growth Hormone Therapy ◽  
Normal Karyotype ◽  
Gh Treatment ◽  
Sperm Counts ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
National University ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Normal Men

Lee K-O, Ng S-C, Lee P-S, Bongso AT, Taylor EA, Lin T-K, Ratnam SS. Effect of growth hormone therapy in men with severe idiopathic oligozoospermia. Eur J Endocrinol 1995;132:159–62. ISSN 0804–4643 Some studies have suggested that growth hormone (GH) may enhance folliculogenesis in women, and similarly may enhance spermatogenesis in men with hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism. In this prospective open-controlled pilot study, we investigated the effect of daily subcutaneous GH for 5 months in 12 endocrinologically normal men with severe idiopathic oligozoospermia (< 10 million/ ml). All the men had normal karyotype and endocrine tests, including a GH response of > 20 000 mU/l to insulin hypoglycaemia. Nine men with similar sperm counts acted as controls. During treatment, each patient was examined monthly, asked for side effects and had glycosylated haemoglobin, glucose and blood counts monitored. Five semen samples were obtained in the 4 months before treatment, two samples per month during treatment and three samples after stopping treatment. The mean insulinlike growth factor I (IGF-I) was normal before treatment and 1 month after ending treatment, at 206 and 182 μg/l, respectively, but increased significantly during treatment to 444 μg/l (p < 0.0001, ANOVA). The mean (sd) sperm counts were 2.6 (2.5), 2.5 (3.7) and 2.3 (2.1) million/ml before, during and after GH treatment, respectively, and did not show any statistically significant differences (ANOVA). We conclude that GH does not increase or decrease sperm counts in men with severe idiopathic oligozoospermia. K-O Lee, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Kent Ridge, Singapore 0511

scholarly journals Ambient sulfur dioxide could have an impact on testicular volume from a observational study on a population of infertile male

BMC Urology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-An Chen ◽  
Yi-Kai Chang ◽  
Yann-Rong Su ◽  
Hong-Chiang Chang
Keyword(s):  
Sulfur Dioxide ◽  
Semen Quality ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Environmental Pollutants ◽  
Sperm Concentration ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Testicular Volume ◽  
Semen Parameters ◽  
Negatively Associated ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Background The effect of ambient pollutants on the male reproductive system is controversial. This retrospective study investigated the effect of environmental pollutants on male reproductive health. Methods Male patients with primary infertility (n = 282) were identified from a single center between January 2016 and December 2017. Patients were physically examined for the presence of varicocele and for the volume of both testicles. Semen quality was measured in terms of the total sperm count, sperm concentration, and the percentage of sperm cells with motility and normal morphology. Data were acquired on the concentration of ambient pollutants, namely particulate matters of diameter < 2.5 μm, sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and ozone (O3), measured on daily and hourly basis, from the Environmental Protection Administration Executive Yuan, Taiwan. Individual exposure to pollutants was estimated based on the reported residential address of each participant. Statistical analysis indicated the effect of each pollutant on the testicular volume, sex hormone profile, and semen parameters. Results The mean ± standard deviation of age was 36.7 ± 7.3 years. The average sperm count and concentration were 41.9 million/mL and 34.1 million/mL, respectively. The mean levels of serum testosterone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and luteinizing hormone were 3.57 ± 1.68 ng/mL, 7.59 ± 6.3 IU/L, and 4.68 ± 3.49 IU/L, respectively. According to the multivariate linear regression model, NOx exposure was a risk factor for decreased sperm concentration and motility (p = 0.043 and 0.032). Furthermore, SO2 exposure was negatively associated and testicular volume (p < 0.01). Conclusions NO2 and SO2 exposure were negatively associated with the seminal parameter and decreased testicular volume, respectively, in a population of men with infertility. However, additional prospective studies are needed to ascertain the cause–effect relation of current results.

scholarly journals Breast Tissues in Transsexual Women–A Nonprostatic Source of Androgen Up-Regulated Production of Prostate-Specific Antigen

1999 ◽  
Vol 84 (9) ◽  
pp. 3313-3315
Author(s):  
Victor H. H. Goh
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Specific Antigen ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Androgen Therapy ◽  
Testosterone Levels ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Breast Tissues ◽  
Serial Measurements

The present study made use of the female transsexual model and sought to evaluate the contributions of the ovarian, endometrial, and breast tissues to the androgen up-regulated production of prostate specific antigen (PSA). Serum levels of PSA were significantly raised in female transsexuals before surgery, after long-term androgen therapy (mean ± se = 35.3 ± 6.2 pg/mL) when compared with female transsexuals before surgery, but with no androgen therapy (mean ± se = 1.53 ± 0.25 pg/mL). In addition, in androngenized female transsexuals, after surgery, concentrations of PSA (mean ± se = 14.5 ± 2.8 pg/mL) were significantly lowered compared with androngenized female transsexuals after surgery, but the levels were, nevertheless, significantly higher than in normal females. Monthly im injection of 250 mg Sustanon-250 to female transsexuals had raised serum testosterone levels to within the male range. In five subjects, in whom serial measurements were taken, serum testosterone levels were greatly raised 24 h after the testosterone therapy; the mean level (±se) was 19.5 ± 2.1 ng/mL. But in spite of these high testosterone levels, serum PSA levels (mean ± se= 2.2 ± 0.9 pg/mL) were not significantly raised. However, after 12 months of androgen therapy, the mean (±se) PSA level in these five subjects was 47 ± 11.6 pg/mL and was significantly higher than the mean level in nonandrogenized female transsexuals. The present study confirmed that high levels of testosterone were able to up-regulate PSA production in women. This up-regulation of PSA production is both a dose- and time-dependent process. Furthermore, the evidence indicates that breast tissues are possibly a nonprostatic source of androgen up-regulated production of PSA women.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document