scholarly journals Hypoactive sexual desire in transsexual women: prevalence and association with testosterone levels

2008 ◽  
Vol 158 (3) ◽  
pp. 393-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Els Elaut ◽  
Griet De Cuypere ◽  
Petra De Sutter ◽  
Luk Gijs ◽  
Michael Van Trotsenburg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Desire ◽  
Free Testosterone ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sex Hormone Binding Globulin ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Total Testosterone ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Oestrogen Treatment ◽  
Testosterone Levels

ObjectiveAn unknown proportion of transsexual women (defined as post-operative male-to-female transsexuals on oestrogen replacement) experience hypoactive sexual desire disorder (HSDD). It has been suggested that the absence of ovarian androgen production together with oestrogen treatment-related increase in sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) levels could be leading to HSDD, due to low levels of biologically available testosterone. This study wishes to document the HSDD prevalence among transsexual women and the possible association to androgen levels.DesignCross-sectional study.MethodsTranssexual women (n=62) and a control group of ovulating women (n=30) participated in this study. Questionnaires measuring sexual desire (sexual desire inventory) and relationship and sexual satisfaction (Maudsley Marital Questionnaire) were completed. Serum levels of total testosterone, LH and SHBG were measured in blood samples obtained at random in transsexual women and in the early follicular phase in ovulating women.ResultsThe transsexual group had lower levels of total and calculated free testosterone (both P<0.001) than the ovulating women. HSDD was reported in 34% of the transsexual and 23% of the ovulating women (P=0.30). Both groups reported similar levels of sexual desire (P=0.97). For transsexual women, no significant correlation was found between sexual desire and total (P=0.64) or free testosterone (P=0.82). In ovulating women, these correlations were significant (P=0.006, resp. P=0.003).ConclusionsHSDD is reported in one-third of transsexual women. This prevalence is not substantially different from controls, despite markedly lower (free) testosterone levels, which argues against a major role of testosterone in this specific group.

Behavior of free Testosterone in Patients with Prostate Cancer on Androgen Deprivation Therapy

2005 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Morote ◽  
S. Esquena ◽  
J.M. Abascal ◽  
E. Trilla ◽  
L. Cecchini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Androgen Deprivation Therapy ◽  
Free Testosterone ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Androgen Deprivation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Total Testosterone ◽  
Cross Sectional

Objectives Determination of free testosterone (FT) serum level is an efficient method to evaluate bioavailable testosterone. We analyzed the behavior of serum FT in patients with prostate cancer receiving androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) and correlated FT with total testosterone (TT). We also analyzed the efficiency of both isoforms in the evaluation of the ADT. Methods Serum levels of TT and FT were determined in 191 patients with prostate cancer in a cross-sectional study. A subset of 56 patients submitted only to radical prostatectomy served as control group. The remaining 135 patients with advanced prostate cancer on three-month LHRH agonist treatment comprised the study group. The median age of the population was 73 years (range, 53–86 years) and the median time on ADT was 42 months (6–198). Results A significant correlation and linear regression between TT and FT was observed (r2 0.948). The efficiency of TT and FT to discriminate patients with and without ADT was similar (AUC: 0.993 and 0.995, respectively, p>0.05). A castration level of serum FT established at 1.7 pg/mL had a sensitivity of 85.9% and a specificity of 100%, which are similar to the sensitivity and specificity of 50 ng/dL of TT. All patients without ADT had levels of serum TT and FT above the castration level. In 19 of the 135 (14.1%) patients on ADT serum TT was above 50 ng/dL. In 12 of these 19 patients (63.2%) serum FT was below 1.7 pg/mL while in seven patients (5.2%) FT was also above the castration level. Conclusions The castration level of FT was established at 1.7 pg/mL. Serum TT and TF correlated very well; however, they seemed to provide complementary information in the evaluation of ADT efficiency. 14.1% of the patients on ADT failed to reach the castration level of serum TT; determination of serum FT in these patients would reduce this rate to 5.2%.

scholarly journals Decreased serum levels of sex steroids associated with osteoporosis in a group of Romanian male patients

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-82
Author(s):  
Florina Ligia Popa ◽  
Mihaela Stanciu ◽  
Adrian Bighea ◽  
Mihai Berteanu ◽  
Ioan Gheorghe Totoianu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Steroids ◽  
Free Testosterone ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hormone Deficiency ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Total Testosterone ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Study Materials

Abstract Introduction. With age, sex hormone deficiency leads to reduced bone mineral density (BMD) in men. The aim of our research is to analyze the role of serum sex steroids in assessing BMD in the men included in this study. Materials and methods. This cross-sectional study included 146 men aged 65-85 years old with osteopenia or osteoporosis (study group) and 121 men with normal BMD (control group). Serum levels of total testosterone (Tt) and free testosterone (Tf) were measured by immunoassay, and estradiol (E2) levels were measured by the immunoenzymatic method. Femoral neck and lumbar spine BMD was examined by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Results. Tf and E2 deficiency was significantly associated with low BMD (p=0.007). No association was found between Tt deficiency and reduced BMD. Tf levels (p<0.001) and E2 levels (p=0.003) were significantly lower in patients with reduced BMD compared to those with normal BMD. Significant more cases with low levels of Tf (p=0.015) and E2 (p<0.001) were found in patients with osteoporosis compared to those with osteopenia. Conclusions. Sex hormones deficiency in men was significantly correlated with the decrease of BMD. Determination of serum Tf and E2 levels is important in assessing the risk of osteoporosis in male subjects.

scholarly journals Testosterone profile in older men with Alzheimer's disease

2008 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 289-293
Author(s):  
Cristiana Roscito Arenella Dusi ◽  
Lílian Schafirovits Morillo ◽  
Regina Miksian Magaldi ◽  
Adriana Nunes Machado ◽  
Sami Liberman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Free Testosterone ◽  
Older Men ◽  
Sex Hormone Binding Globulin ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Total Testosterone ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Testosterone Levels ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Evidence suggests low testosterone levels in Alzheimer's disease. Objectives: To compare testosterone levels between older men with and without Alzheimer's disease. Methods: Fourteen men with Alzheimer's disease were compared with twenty eight men without dementia. Demographic variables and clinical profiles were analyzed. Within fifteen days before or after the described evaluation, measures of total testosterone and Sex Hormone Binding Globulin (SHBG) were performed. Free testosterone level was calculated based on total testosterone and SHBG. Quantitative variables were analyzed using Student's t test or Kruskal-Wallis test, while qualitative variables were analyzed using chi-square or Fisher test. Results: Mean age in the Control and Alzheimer's disease groups were 72.0 (SD±4.8) years and 79.3(SD±5.9) years, respectively (p=0.001). Mean schooling between these two groups were 8.78 and (±5.86) years, respectively (p=0.022). There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups for testosterone levels, although a trend was observed for the Alzheimer's disease group to present lower levels than the control group (p=0.066). There was no direct correlation between free testosterone and age, although a trend was evident (p=0.068). Conclusions: There was no significant difference in testosterone between men with AD and those without dementia.

scholarly journals Sexual desire in female-to-male transsexual persons: exploration of the role of testosterone administration

2011 ◽  
Vol 165 (2) ◽  
pp. 331-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katrien Wierckx ◽  
Els Elaut ◽  
Eva Van Caenegem ◽  
Fleur Van De Peer ◽  
David Dedecker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Desire ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Hormone Treatment ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sex Hormone Binding Globulin ◽  
Independent Effect ◽  
Sex Reassignment Surgery ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Post Hoc

ObjectiveTo describe sexual desire in female-to-male transsexual persons post sex reassignment surgery (SRS). The associations between serum androgen levels and sexual desire are examined.DesignSingle center cross-sectional study.MethodsForty-five female-to-male transsexual persons post SRS completed a standardized questionnaire assessing sexual desire (Sexual Desire Inventory). In addition, participants were asked questions on sexual desire before starting hormone treatment and having SRS. Serum levels of testosterone, LH and sex hormone-binding globulin were measured on fasting morning serum samples.ResultsIn retrospect, 73.9% of the participants reported an increase in sexual desire after hormone treatment and SRS. Solitary sexual desire scores were significantly correlated with frequency of masturbation (r=0.835;P<0.001), whereas frequency of sexual intercourse with a partner was not. No direct associations were found between testosterone and solitary or dyadic sexual desire. However, ANOVA showed an independent effect of LH on solitary sexual desire (P<0.001).Post hocanalysis revealed that female-to-male transsexual persons with elevated levels of LH, indicating suboptimal testosterone therapy, reported significantly lower solitary sexual desire levels (than those with low LH levels;P=0.007). Suppressed LH levels were also associated with having a higher need for sexual activities (P=0.009) and a higher frequency of excessive sexual desire (P=0.007).ConclusionMost female-to-male transsexual persons report on a marked increase in sexual desire after testosterone treatment and SRS. No direct associations between levels of testosterone and solitary or dyadic sexual desire were found. However, measures of sexual desire were inversely associated with LH levels.

scholarly journals SAT-LB5 Prevalence of Hypogonadism in Young Obese Males

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anup Halappanavar ◽  
Rajiv Pakhetra
Keyword(s):  
Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Free Testosterone ◽  
Sex Hormone Binding Globulin ◽  
P Value ◽  
Total Testosterone ◽  
Reference Ranges ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Testosterone Levels ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Ageing, obesity, and chronic illness are major factors affecting serum testosterone (T) levels in men.The magnitude of the impact of ageing on serum T levels is well established, for obesity this is less clear. Severe obesity may lead to isolated hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (IHH). Several explanations have been offered to clarify the presence of reduced T levels in obese men. One relates to the technique that is generally employed to measure serum androgen levels, i.e. measurement of total testosterone (TT) instead of free testosterone (FT). TT represents the sum of FT and T bound to albumin and sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG). A profound reduction in SHBG level is commonly found in obese men, and this is a major factor causing a decrease in TT.Measurement of free testosterone levels may provide a more accurate assessment of androgen status than the (usually preferred) measurement of total testosterone in situations where SHBG levels are outside the reference range. However, reference ranges for free testosterone levels are not well established, especially in older men, and some have argued that the measurement of free testosterone levels merely reintroduces age in a covert form. This is a cross sectional study to estimate prevalence of hypogonadism in young obese males. In this study 147 young obese men participated, of which we confirmed low total testosterone (TT) levels in 35.37% of subjects with a p value of 0.06. Since only Total Testosterone was measured for categorizing subjects with or without hypogonadism, Free Testosterone measurement would be a better indicator for the diagnosis of hypogonadism as in cases where the total testosterone is borderline-low or when SHBG concentrations are abnormal. As such, the study is valuable in the context of the ongoing controversy as to whether testosterone treatment should be limited to men with classical hypogonadism, or be considered for appropriately selected men with functional hypogonadism as well. The principal findings are in general agreement with existing literature reporting correlation between levels of testosterone, body mass index and constitutional symptoms. However, this has never been shown before in context of Indian population. The present study was carried out at Armed Forces Medical College and Command Hospital, Pune between October 2017 to August 2019.We studied to see if there is association between testosterone levels and BMI. In our study we found no statistical association as the p value was 0.26 (&gt;0.05)

scholarly journals The negative correlation between testosterone levels and age in healthy Indonesian men residing in the special capital province of Jakarta, Indonesia

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
pp. 3431
Author(s):  
Mauritius Lambertus Edy Parwanto
Keyword(s):  
Free Testosterone ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sex Hormone Binding Globulin ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Action Mechanism ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Testosterone Levels ◽  
Rate Of Decline ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Testosterone levels in the circulation determined by production and secretion by Leydig cell in the testes. The action mechanism of testosterone to target cells mediated by sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG). The levels of testosterone and SHBG in circulation determine men's health. The objective in this study to know the relationship between testosterone, SHBG and insulin with age in healthy Indonesian men residing in the special capital province of Jakarta, Indonesia.Methods: This study is a cross-sectional study involving 250 healthy Indonesian men residing in the special capital province of Jakarta, Indonesia. Consecutive sampling was done in this study. Testosterone, SHBG and insulin in the serum were measured by immunoradiometric assay (IRMA). Glucose, triglycerides and albumin were measured using a spectrophotometer. Regression analysis was done to know the correlation between testosterone, SHBG and insulin with age.Results: The levels of TT, free testosterone (FT), SHBG and percentage of free testosterone (%FT) in healthy Indonesian men were negatively correlated with age (p<0.05). Free testosterone index (FTI) and insulin are not correlated with age (p>0.05). The levels of SHBG, FT, %FT and FTI were correlated positively with TT (p<0.05), but insulin did not correlate with TT (p>0.05). The %FT and FTI were positively correlated with FT (p<0.05), but SHBG and insulin levels did not correlate with FT (p>0.05). SHBG levels are not correlated with insulin (p>0.05). The rate of decline in TT levels in this study 9.8% per decade, while in SHBG levels 8.19% per decade.Conclusions: The levels of TT, FT, % FT and SHBG in this study were negatively correlated with age, but the FTI and insulin did not correlate with age. The rate of decline in TT levels in this study 9.8% per decade, while in SHBG levels 8.19% per decade.

scholarly journals High normal testosterone levels in infants with non-mosaic Klinefelter’s syndrome

2007 ◽  
Vol 157 (3) ◽  
pp. 345-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lise Aksglaede ◽  
Jørgen H Petersen ◽  
Katharina M Main ◽  
Niels E Skakkebæk ◽  
Anders Juul
Keyword(s):  
Free Testosterone ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Inhibin B ◽  
Sex Hormone Binding Globulin ◽  
Klinefelter’S Syndrome ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Klinefelter's Syndrome ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hpg Axis

Objective: Klinefelter’s syndrome (KS) is associated with hypergonadotrophic hypogonadism in adulthood. However, limited information exists about the age at which hypogonadism occurs. The hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal (HPG) axis is transiently activated during the first months of life, offering the opportunity to study testicular function by spontaneous, basal hormone levels. The aim of this study was to evaluate the HPG axis in KS infants. Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: Ten KS infants aged 3.1 months (range 1.8–3.8) and 613 healthy controls aged 3.0 months (range 2.0–4.5). Serum levels of total and free testosterone (T), LH, FSH, inhibin B and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) were determined. Results: KS infants had significantly higher concentrations of total T (5.0 (2.2–11.2) vs 3.4 (0.7–8.3) nmol/l, P = 0.02), free T (31.6 (18.2–61.8) vs 22.1 (4.3–48.4) pmol/l, P = 0.01), LH (3.3 (1.3–4.6) vs 1.7 (0.6–4.3) IU/l, P = 0.005) and FSH (1.7 (1.1–4.1) vs 1.2 (0.4–3.0) IU/l, P = 0.007) than controls. SHBG and inhibin B did not differ from controls. LH/T and LH/free T ratios were normal, whereas the FSH/inhibin B ratio was elevated (6.5 (2.7–16.9) vs 3.0 (0.78–11.4), P = 0.005) when compared to controls. The majority of KS infants had normal bivariate hormonal combinations. Conclusion: We found increased FSH/inhibin B ratio as a possible sign of Sertoli cell dysfunction. However, serum levels of T were high normal suggesting an altered pituitary–gonadal set point.

scholarly journals Seasonal Variation of Testosterone and Waist to Hip Ratio in Men: The Tromsø Study

2003 ◽  
Vol 88 (7) ◽  
pp. 3099-3104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johan Svartberg ◽  
Rolf Jorde ◽  
Johan Sundsfjord ◽  
Kaare H. Bønaa ◽  
Elizabeth Barrett-Connor
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Seasonal Pattern ◽  
Free Testosterone ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Total Testosterone ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Waist To Hip Ratio ◽  
Testosterone Levels ◽  
Small Peak ◽  
Prominent Peak

Studies of seasonal variation in male testosterone levels show contradictory results. We report here a cross-sectional study of the seasonal variation in total and free testosterone, LH, and SHBG levels in 1548 men living in north Norway, a population exposed to a wide seasonal variation in temperature and daylight. Total testosterone showed a bimodal seasonal variation (P &lt; 0.001) with a small peak in February, the nadir in June, and a more prominent peak in October and November. Free testosterone also showed a significant seasonal pattern (P &lt; 0.001), with the peak in December and the nadir in August. These patterns persisted after adjusting for age and waist to hip ratio (P &lt; 0.001). Lowest testosterone levels occurred in months with the highest temperatures and longest hours of daylight. Waist to hip ratio paralleled the change in daylight and temperature, with the highest values during the summer and was thus inversely related to the seasonal testosterone variation. The variations in hormone levels were large, with a 31% difference between the lowest and highest monthly mean level of free testosterone. Prospective studies are needed to establish the direction of the association and its etiology.

scholarly journals A cross-sectional survey of adrenal steroid hormones among overweight/obese boys according to puberty stage

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bingyan Cao ◽  
Chunxiu Gong ◽  
Di Wu ◽  
Xuejun Liang ◽  
Wenjing Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Free Testosterone ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Sex Hormone Binding Globulin ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Pubertal Stage ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adrenal Steroid ◽  
Testosterone Levels ◽  
Pubertal Stages

Abstract Background Obesity is associated with many chronic diseases including cortisol rhythm disorder and low testosterone. Furthermore, studies on obese children are quite limited and no concordance results have been obtained, especially for boys in puberty. Moreover, the sample sizes of previous studies were small, and were not representative. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional survey including 1148 boys aged 6–14 years, they were divided into overweight/obesity (OW/OB) group and normal weight (NW) group. Puberty status was assessed according to Tanner scale and testicular volume. Serum levels of pregnenolone, 17-OH progesterone, corticosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), and androstenedione were detected by LC-MS. Serum free testosterone and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) levels were measured by chemiluminescence immunoassay. Results The 17-OH progesterone, DHEA, androstenedione and free testosterone levels of OW/OB boys at prepubertal stage or at the age 6 = < 10 years group were higher than those of the NW boys (all the P values were < 0.01). Furthermore, androstenedione and free testosterone levels were lower in OW/OB boys at late puberty, and the trend continued at the post pubertal stage for FT (P < 0.01–0.05). DHEA, androstenedione, and FT levels persisted to be higher at the 10~ < 12 years in OW/OB boys but not for 17-OH progesterone. FT level was lower in the OW/OB group at the 12~ < 15 years group. The SHBG levels in the OW/OB boys were lower than those in the NW ones at the 6~12 years group, and prepubertal to early pubertal stage. Conclusions Premature adrenarche is more likely in OW/OB boys. More attention should be given to the lower androgen levels of OW/OB boys at late pubertal and post pubertal stages.

scholarly journals Hypogonadism and liver fibrosis in HIV-infected patients

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Quiros-Roldan ◽  
T. Porcelli ◽  
L. C. Pezzaioli ◽  
M. Degli Antoni ◽  
S. Paghera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Fibrosis ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Free Testosterone ◽  
Sex Hormone Binding Globulin ◽  
Total Testosterone ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pituitary Dysfunction ◽  
Consequent Reduction ◽  
Secondary Hypogonadism ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Purpose Hypogonadism is frequent in HIV-infected men and might impact on metabolic and sexual health. Low testosterone results from either primary testicular damage, secondary hypothalamic-pituitary dysfunction, or from liver-derived sex-hormone-binding-globulin (SHBG) elevation, with consequent reduction of free testosterone. The relationship between liver fibrosis and hypogonadism in HIV-infected men is unknown. Aim of our study was to determine the prevalence and type of hypogonadism in a cohort of HIV-infected men and its relationship with liver fibrosis. Methods We performed a cross-sectional retrospective study including 107 HIV-infected men (median age 54 years) with hypogonadal symptoms. Based on total testosterone (TT), calculated free testosterone, and luteinizing hormone, five categories were identified: eugonadism, primary, secondary, normogonadotropic and compensated hypogonadism. Estimates of liver fibrosis were performed by aspartate aminotransferase (AST)-to-platelet ratio index (APRI) and Fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) scores. Results Hypogonadism was found in 32/107 patients (30.8%), with normogonadotropic (10/107, 9.3%) and compensated (17/107, 15.8%) being the most frequent forms. Patients with secondary/normogonadotropic hypogonadism had higher body mass index (BMI) (p < 0001). Patients with compensated hypogonadism had longer HIV infection duration (p = 0.031), higher APRI (p = 0.035) and FIB-4 scores (p = 0.008), and higher HCV co-infection. Univariate analysis showed a direct significant correlation between APRI and TT (p = 0.006) and SHBG (p = 0.002), and between FIB-4 and SHBG (p = 0.045). Multivariate analysis showed that SHBG was independently associated with both liver fibrosis scores. Conclusion Overt and compensated hypogonadism are frequently observed among HIV-infected men. Whereas obesity is related to secondary hypogonadism, high SHBG levels, related to liver fibrosis degree and HCV co-infection, are responsible for compensated forms.

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