scholarly journals Acylation-stimulating protein increases and correlates with increased progesterone levels during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle

2009 ◽  
Vol 160 (2) ◽  
pp. 301-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jumana Saleh ◽  
Manal Al-Khanbashi ◽  
Majida Al-Maarof ◽  
Mohsin Al-Lawati ◽  
Syed G Rizvi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Friedman Test ◽  
Fat Storage ◽  
Female Hormone ◽  
Menstrual Cycles ◽  
Continuous State ◽  
Acylation Stimulating Protein ◽  
Normal Women

ObjectiveThe menstrual cycle represents a continuous state of change in terms of female sex steroid environment. Progesterone is linked to increased fat storage while estrogen exerts anti-lipogenic effects. This study investigated variations in the potent lipogenic factor acylation-stimulating protein (ASP), and examined its association with hormonal and lipid profile alterations across the menstrual cycle.Methods and designNineteen non-obese women with regular menstrual cycles were investigated in a longitudinal study during the follicular, ovulatory, and mid-luteal phases (ML) of the cycle. Fasting ASP, LH, FSH, progesterone, estradiol, insulin, lipid profile, and apoproteins were evaluated during different phases of the cycle.ResultsASP levels changed significantly throughout the menstrual cycle (K-related Friedman test: P=0.013). Interestingly, these changes coincide with variations in progesterone levels across the cycle as no significant change in the ASP levels was seen across the follicular phases of the cycle, followed by a significant increase in the ovulatory phase, which continued to elevate toward the ML. The ASP levels correlated positively with the progesterone levels normally elevated in the ML. No significant correlation was seen between ASP and estrogen or any other measured female hormone. Multiple regression analysis including all measured parameters and body mass index showed that progesterone was the only significant predictor of the ASP levels.ConclusionOur findings suggest that during the menstrual cycle of normal women, the ASP levels coincidentally fluctuate with the progesterone levels, possibly reflecting cooperation between them in fat storage enhancement.

scholarly journals Cardiovascular Reactivity to Acute Mental Stress in Post Ovulatory Females

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 626-631
Author(s):  
Karishma Rajbhandari Pandey ◽  
Rita Khadka ◽  
Kopila Agrawal ◽  
Bishnu Hari Paudel ◽  
Dipesh Raj Panday
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Mental Stress ◽  
Autonomic Activity ◽  
Friedman Test ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Female Hormone ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Cardio Protection ◽  
Hormone Influence ◽  
Apparently Healthy

Background: Female hormones fluctuate with the phases of menstrual cycle. Estrogen, which has attributes in cardio-protection, is secreted less during luteal phase. In post-ovulatory phase, days 1-2 before menstruation has minimal female hormone influence due to less secretion. Mental stress subjected at this phase might enhance sympathetic activation which in long run may precipitate cardiovascular diseases. Hence, to explore the autonomic activity to mental stress during this phase of menstrual cycle the study was undertaken.Methods: Thirty apparently healthy young postovulatory female medical students of B. P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Nepal of age 19.93 (± 0.91) years with BMI of 20.70 kg/m2 (± 2.49) kg/m2 were recruited for the present study. Their short term heart rate variability (HRV) of 5 min was recorded during rest at sitting position. Then each subject was given a mental stress (nine questions selected from MENSA workout questionnaire) for 5 min. During the stress, HRV was recorded simultaneously. Data was statistically analyzed using Friedman test followed by multiple comparisons. The p<0.005 was considered statistically significant.Results: Mental stress significantly decreased RMSSD (p= 0.001), NN50 (p= 0.001) and PNN50 (p=0.001) in time domain and HF nu (p=0.012) in frequency domain parameters of HRV.Conclusions: Young healthy post ovulatory females responded to acute mental stress by withdrawing cardiac parasympathetic activity.Keywords: Female; HRV; mental stress

scholarly journals Aerobic Exercise Has Positive Effects on Menstrual Cycle

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-50
Author(s):  
Linda Desrianda Tamher ◽  
Mustika Fitri ◽  
Pipit Pitriani
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Endurance Training ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Menstrual Cycles ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Interview Technique ◽  
Treatment Design

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of aerobic exercise on obese women. The research design used was a pretest-posttest two treatment design. The subjects involved in this study were 22 women divided into 2 groups, including the aerobic exercise group and the zumba group. This study was conducted 3 times a week for 12 weeks with 65-85% intensity of the maximum pulse rate. Menstrual cycle data were obtained using the interview technique and menstrual questionnaire. The results of this study indicated that aerobic exercise and zumba did not affect the menstrual cycle. Although the study data showed no increase or decrease in menstrual cycles after endurance training, overall subjects experienced positive psychological improvements and decreased menstrual pain.This study concludes that aerobic exercise is good to do because it does not affect the menstrual cycle.

Effectiveness of zona pellucida protein ZPB as an immunocontraceptive antigen

Reproduction ◽  
2000 ◽  
pp. 19-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
ML Martinez ◽  
JD Harris
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Recombinant Protein ◽  
Antibody Titre ◽  
Zona Pellucida ◽  
Protein A ◽  
Papio Cynocephalus ◽  
Cynomolgus Monkeys ◽  
Menstrual Cycles ◽  
Normal Menstrual Cycle

Immunization of female mammals with native zona pellucida (ZP) proteins is known to cause infertility. Since each human ZP protein is now available as a purified recombinant protein, is it possible to compare the immunocontraceptive potential of each ZP protein. A breeding study was conducted in cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fasicularis) after immunization with recombinant human ZP (rhZP) proteins (ZPA, ZPB, ZPC) separately and in combinations. This study demonstrated that immunization with recombinant human ZPB (rhZPB) protein caused cynomolgus monkeys to become infertile for 9-35 months. A second study was conducted in baboons (Papio cynocephalus), which yielded a similar result. The baboons immunized with rhZPB became infertile for 9 to > 20 months. During the time of maximum antibody titre, some animals experienced disruption of the menstrual cycle, but eventually all of the animals resumed normal menstrual cycles. Control animals and animals immunized with other rhZP proteins all became pregnant before any of the rhZPB-treated animals. This is the first study in which a recombinant ZP protein has consistently induced infertility in a primate without permanent disruption of the normal menstrual cycle.

scholarly journals The Impact of Bariatric Surgery on Menstrual Abnormalities—a Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (11) ◽  
pp. 4505-4509
Author(s):  
Anna Różańska-Walędziak ◽  
Paweł Bartnik ◽  
Joanna Kacperczyk-Bartnik ◽  
Krzysztof Czajkowski ◽  
Maciej Walędziak
Keyword(s):  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Contraception Use ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Introduction Obesity is associated with hyperestrogenism along with other hormonal abnormalities affecting the menstrual cycle. The most effective and decisive method of obesity treatment is bariatric surgery. The aim of this study was to analyze the impact of bariatric surgery on menstrual cycle, the incidence of menstrual abnormalities, hyperandrogenism manifestation, and contraception use. Materials and Methods It was a cross-sectional study of 515 pre-menopausal women who had undergone bariatric surgery between 1999 and 2017 in a bariatric center. Data was collected via anonymous questionnaire, and the questions covered a 1-year period before the surgery and the last year before questionnaire completion. Results Before the surgery, 38.6% of the patients reported irregular menstruations in comparison with 25.0% after bariatric surgery (RR = 0.65; 95%CI 0.53–0.79). The mean number of menstruations per year did not differ before and after surgery (10.2 ± 3.9 vs 10.4 ± 3.3; p < .45). There were no statistically significant differences in terms of prolonged menstruations, acne, and hirsutism prevalence. A total of 14.4% of patients before surgery reported estrogen-based contraception use in comparison with 15.0% after the surgery (p < .95). There were no significant differences in the frequency of OC use (11.0% before surgery vs 13.6% 12 months after the surgery vs 11.5% at the moment of survey administration; p < 0.46). Conclusion Bariatric surgery improves the regularity of the menstrual cycle in obese women in reproductive age. The lack of any changes in the combined hormonal contraception (CHC) use, especially OC, before and after bariatric surgery may be a result of a possibly low level of contraception counseling.

Urinary melatonin, LH, oestradiol, progesterone excretion during the menstrual cycle or in women taking oral contraceptives

1987 ◽  
Vol 116 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jocelyne Brun ◽  
Bruno Claustrat ◽  
Michel David
Keyword(s):  
Oral Contraceptive ◽  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Oral Contraceptives ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Follicular Phase ◽  
The Other ◽  
Normal Women

Abstract. Nocturnal urinary excretion of melatonin, LH, progesterone and oestradiol was measured by radioimmunoassay in nine normal women during a complete cycle. In addition, these hormonal excretions were studied in two women taking an oral contraceptive. A high within-subject coefficient of variation was observed for melatonin excretion in the two groups. In the nine normal cycling women, melatonin excretion was not decreased at the time of ovulation, but was significantly increased during the luteal phase compared with that of the follicular phase (P < 0.01). These data are consistent with a positive relationship between melatonin and progesterone during the luteal phase. In the two women under an oral contraceptive, melatonin excretion was found within the same range as for the other nine. The results are discussed in terms of pineal investigation in human.

Renal sodium retention does not occur during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle in normal women

1992 ◽  
Vol 99 (3) ◽  
pp. 247-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. L. BISSON ◽  
G. D. DUNSTER ◽  
J. P. O'HARE ◽  
D. HAMPTON ◽  
M. D. PENNEY
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Sodium Retention ◽  
Normal Women

Does the menstrual cycle influence the sensitivity of vagally mediated baroreflexes?

2002 ◽  
Vol 102 (6) ◽  
pp. 639-644 ◽  
Author(s):  
William H. COOKE ◽  
David A. LUDWIG ◽  
Paul S. HOGG ◽  
Dwain L. ECKBERG ◽  
Victor A. CONVERTINO
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Regulatory Mechanisms ◽  
Physiological Changes ◽  
Menstrual Cycles ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Normal Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Cardiac Regulation ◽  
Neck Pressure ◽  
Noradrenaline Levels

The menstrual cycle provokes several physiological changes that could influence autonomic regulatory mechanisms. We studied the carotid-cardiac baroreflex in ten healthy young women on four occasions over the course of their menstrual cycles (days 0-8, 9-14, 15-20 and 21-25). We drew blood during each session for analysis of oestrogen, progesterone and noradrenaline (norepinephrine) levels, and assessed carotid-cardiac baroreflex function by analysing R-R interval responses to graded neck pressure sequences. Oestrogen levels followed a classical two-peak (cubic) response, with elevated levels on days 9-14 and 21-25 compared with days 0-8 and 15-20 (P =0.0032), while progesterone levels increased exponentially from days 9-14 to days 21-25 (P = 0.0063). Noradrenaline levels increased from an average of 137pg/ml during the first three measurement periods to 199pg/ml during days 21-25 (P = 0.0456). Carotid-cardiac baroreflex gain and operational point were not statistically different at any of the time points during the menstrual cycle (P⩾0.18). These findings are consistent with the notion that beat-to-beat vagal-cardiac regulation does not change over the course of the normal menstrual cycle.

OVARIAN SECRETION RATES OF OESTROGENS, ANDROGENS AND PROGESTERONE IN NORMAL WOMEN AND IN WOMEN WITH PERSISTENT OVARIAN FOLLICLES

1974 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
pp. 575-587 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. H. de Jong ◽  
D. T. Baird ◽  
H. J. van der Molen
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Production Rate ◽  
Follicular Fluid ◽  
Ovarian Follicles ◽  
Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulphate ◽  
Peripheral Plasma ◽  
Normal Women ◽  
Quantitative Contribution ◽  
Secretion Rates ◽  
Venous Plasma

ABSTRACT The concentrations of oestradiol-17β, oestrone, androstenedione, testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate and progesterone were measured in ovarian venous plasma from one or both ovaries in 4 normal women during different stages of the menstrual cycle and in 4 women with persistent ovarian follicles. In addition the steroid concentrations in peripheral plasma and follicular fluid were estimated. All steroids mentioned, with the exception of dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate, were secreted by the ovaries. The concentrations of oestradiol-17β, oestrone, androstenedione and progesterone were higher in the venous plasma from the ovary containing the developing follicle or corpus luteum than in venous plasma from the contralateral ovary. There was a good correlation between ovarian secretion of the oestrogenic steroids and androstenedione. Finally, the quantitative contribution of the ovarian secretion to the blood production rates of the androgens and progesterone was calculated. The only contributions exceeding 20 % of the blood production rate were those of progesterone and androstenedione during the second half of the cycle.

P–469 Period Tracker Applications – are they giving women accurate menstrual cycle information?

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
L Worsfold ◽  
L Marriott ◽  
S Johnson ◽  
J Harper
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Cycle Length ◽  
Data Entry ◽  
Accurate Information ◽  
Menstrual Cycles ◽  
Conflicting Information ◽  
Search Terms ◽  
Fertile Window ◽  
Registration Number ◽  
Almost All

Abstract Study question Are period trackers giving women accurate information about their periods and ovulation? Summary answer The top 10 period trackers gave conflicting information on period dates, ovulation day and the fertile window. What is known already Period tracking applications allow women to track their menstrual cycles and receive a prediction for their periods. The majority of applications also provide predictions of day of ovulation and the fertile window. Previous research indicates applications are basing predictions on assuming women undergo a textbook 28-day cycle with ovulation occurring on day 14 and a fertile window between days 10 and 17. Study design, size, duration An audit of menstrual cycle apps was conducted on the Apple app store using menstrual cycle tracker/period tracker as the search terms. The top ten apps that followed the inclusion and exclusion criteria were analysed and used for this study. All apps had the ability to allow retrospective data entry giving future cycle predictions and fertile window, and nine of the apps predicted a day of ovulation. Participants/materials, setting, methods Five women’s profiles for 6 menstrual cycles were created and entered into each app. Cycle length (CL) and ovulation day (OD) for the 6th cycle were; Woman 1 – Constant 28 day CL, 0D 16, Woman 2 – Average 23 day CL, OD 13, Woman 3 – Average 28 day CL, OD 17, Woman 4 – Average 33 day CL, OD 20 and Woman 5 – Irregular, average 31 day CL, OD 14. Main results and the role of chance For cycle length, the apps all predicted woman 1’s cycles correctly but for women 2–5, the apps predicted 0 to 8 days shorter or longer than expected. For day of ovulation; for woman 1, no apps predicted this correctly; the apps ranged from day 13–15. For woman 2, 1 app was correct and overall the apps showed a lot of variation from day 8 to 13. For woman 3, no apps got it right, with a range of day 13–16. For woman 4, 2 apps got it right, but the apps ranged from day 13–20. For woman 5, no apps got right; the apps ranged from day 13–21. Irrespective of cycle length, 7 apps predicted a fertile window of 7 days in almost all cases; except 1 app that predicted 6 days for woman 2 and a different app which predicted 8 days for woman 4. For the remaining 3 apps, one always predicted a 10 day fertile window. One app predicted an 11 day fertile window in 4/5 women. One app predicted a 12 day fertile window in 4/5 women. Limitations, reasons for caution The five profiles created spanned a range of observed cycle characteristics, but many permutations are possible. A Monte Carlo type analysis could be conducted to examine these possibilities to provide more precise assessment of app performance, but as data had to be added manually into apps, this was not possible. Wider implications of the findings: The apps do not use the same algorithm and show variation. The information given by these apps is not 100% accurate, especially for the day of ovulation and the fertile window which can only be predicted if using a marker of ovulation, such as basal body temperature or ovulation sticks. Trial registration number Not applicable

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