True insulin and intact proinsulin levels in acromegalic patients

1996 ◽  
Vol 134 (5) ◽  
pp. 549-553 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edelweiss F Tavares ◽  
Ivaldir S Dalbosco ◽  
Julio Abucham ◽  
Ewaldo MK Russo
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Impaired Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Immunoreactive Insulin ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Group I ◽  
Active Acromegaly ◽  
Group Ii

Tavares EF, Dalbosco IS, Abucham J, Russo EMK. True insulin and intact proinsulin levels in acromegalic patients. Eur J Endocrinol 1996;134:549–53. ISSN 0804–4643 To determine whether proinsulin (PI) contributes significantly to the immunoreactive insulin (IRI) concentrations in acromegalics, we measure PI, "true insulin" and IRI in a group of acromegalics compared with a control group. Serum PI was determined by the immunofluroimetric assay (IFMA). Insulin was also determined by an IFMA that measures true insulin and by a radioimmunoassay (RIA). We performed an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in a total group of 46 subjects: 10 controls with normal OGTT and body mass index <25 kg/m2 (control group I), 10 controls with normal OGTT and body mass index > 25 kg/m2 (control group II), 15 patients with active acromegaly and normal OGTT and 11 patients with active acromegaly and IGT. Plasma glucose, serum GH, insulin and proinsulin were measured in all OGTT samples. Basal levels of insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) were measured in acromegalics. Mean body mass index in acromegalics with normal and impaired glucose tolerance were significantly higher compared with control group I and similar when compared with control group II. Proinsulin increased during OGTT in acromegalics with impaired glucose tolerance compared to control group I, and only fasting proinsulin compared to control group II. In normal OGTT acromegalics, only fasting proinsulin was increased. The RIA insulin during OGTT was significantly higher for both acromegalic groups compared to control group I and only at fasting when compared with control group II. This difference was not evident when insulin was measured by IFMA. These results suggest that in acromegalics, hyperinsulinism measured by RIA was at least in part due to hyperproinsulinism. Ewaldo MK Russo, PO Box 20266, CEP 04034-970, Sáo Paulo, SP, Brazil

Diabetes and Related Metabolic Risk Factors Among Arab Americans

1995 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 573-576 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda A Jaber ◽  
Richard L Slaughter ◽  
George Grunberger
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Impaired Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Epidemiologic Study ◽  
Normal Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Dependent Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Arab American ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Normal Glucose

Objective: To estimate the incidence of noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) and associated metabolic abnormalities such as impaired glucose tolerance, increased blood pressure, hyperinsulinemia, and obesity in the Arab-American community in the Detroit metropolitan area. Methods: Subjects were selected randomly from a computer-generated list provided by the Arab-American Center for Economic and Social Services. Laboratory studies included a 2-hour, 75-g oral glucose tolerance test with glucose, insulin, and C-peptide determinations. Results: Of the 105 volunteers studied, 57 were women and 48 were men. Mean ± SD age was 46.0 ± 13.0 years. Body mass index was 30.4 ± 6.8 kg/m2, with 68% of subjects having a body mass index of 27 kg/m2 or more. Of the study participants, 33% had NIDDM, 8.6% had impaired glucose tolerance, and 58% had normal glucose tolerance. Subjects with diabetes, compared with subjects who had normal glucose tolerance, exhibited increased fasting insulin (98 ± 69 vs 55 ± 31 pmol/L; p = 0.00056); higher cholesterol (6.03 ± 1.03 vs 5.09 ± 1.22 mmol/L; p = 0.00073); marginally lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (0.98 ± 0.21 vs 1.14 ± 0.31 mmol/L; p = 0.054); higher triglycerides (7.84 ± 5.79 vs 3.83 ± 2.15 mmol/L; p = 0.00002); and higher diastolic (83.7 ± 8.9 vs 78.3 ± 8.0 mm Hg; p = 0.014) as well as systolic (132.5 ± 16.0 vs 119.0 ± 10.6 mm Hg; p = 0.00001) blood pressures. Conclusions: This pilot study demonstrates that diabetes may be a frequent medical problem in the Arab-American community. A well-designed epidemiologic study is warranted to validate these results and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms responsible for these findings.

scholarly journals Pulmonary Function Test of Forced Vital Capacity and Slow Vital Capacity Using Spirometry in Young Adults With Respect to Body Mass Index: A Normative Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
pp. 1094-1111
Author(s):  
Jyothy Anthraper ◽  
Dr. Reeny Roy
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Lung Volume ◽  
Forced Vital Capacity ◽  
Vital Capacity ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
I 18 ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii

Objectives: To determine the effect of Age, Gender and its correlation on pulmonary functions of Forced Vital Capacity and Slow Vital Capacity in Group I (18-24 years) and Group II (25-30 years) with respect to Body Mass Index.  Methodology: Sixty healthy adults between 18-30 years were included in the study. Participants were subdivided into Group I (18 to 24 years) and Group II (25 to 30 years) each group having 15 males and 15 females. The parameters considered were expiratory reserve volume, tidal volume, inspiratory capacity, forced vital capacity and slow vital capacity. Spirometer RMS HELIOS 401 was used. Procedures were explained to each participant; best values from 3 maneuvers were documented and were subjected to analysis.  Results: It is noticed a significant difference in various parameters of pulmonary function. As age increases there was an increase in body mass index and the lung volume also increased. Overall males had higher pulmonary function compared to females, males in Group II (25-30 years) was better compared to males in Group I (18-24 years). With an increase in body mass index, pulmonary function was increased in males compared to females. Age, gender, age, and gender interaction effect with respect to Body Mass Index was seen.  Conclusion: Values obtained can be used as reference standard for estimation of lung volume for age group 18-30 years. In future, Spirometry can be used as a clinical assessment and management tool in the field of speech language pathology, by modifying respiratory patterns to control lung volumes, phonations and the flow of speech.

scholarly journals The functional state of the system of immunological protection in traumatic disease in patients with an increased body mass index

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Functional State ◽  
Adaptation Mechanism ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Functional Relationships ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Immunological Protection

Introduction. An important reserve that provides adaptation processes in the immunoregulation system is the possibility of its various subsystems to redistribute structural and functional relationships between them. The approach from the perspective of systemic multivariate analysis will allow us to determine the main functional relationships that arise or are violated at different periods of traumatic disease in patients with an increased body mass index (IBMI) during polytrauma in the immune response as a whole. Aim. The aim of this study was to analyze the functional state of the immunological protection system for traumatic disease in patients with IBMI. Materials and methods The integral indicators of immunogenesis were determined using a systematic multivariate analysis on the basis of a dynamic study of 1344 complex immunograms in 224 patients with IBMI with polytrauma and a different initial value of BMI. Patients were divided into 3 groups: group I - 88 patients with BMI of up to 29.9 (26.1 ± 3.1); group II - 84 patients with BMI of up to 30.0 - 39.9 (35.2 ± 3.8 ), group III - 52 patients with BMI > 40.0 (46.2 ± 5.8). The study was conducted on the 1st, 3rd, 7th, 14th, 30th and 360th days from the moment of receiving a polytrauma. Results. In the functional state of the immune system as a whole, certain regularities were identified in patients with IBMI with polytrauma: impairment of immunoreactive processes was prolonged for 1 year or more from the time of polytrauma, regardless of BMI, their nature is regular and unidirectional, have periods of decline and increase in activity; the degree of damage, the ability of compensatory possibilities and the ability to restore them depending on BMI, since the initial deviations of the integral indicator are almost identical in all groups of patients; the immune mechanisms at all times are most determined by the state of the cell link and complement system for patients of I and III groups. Moreover, the development mechanism of secondary post-traumatic immunodeficiency, which is associated with the inclusion of extended T-suppression and a decrease in IgA concentration for more than 14 days, depends on BMI; a clear cooperation of cellular and humoral relationships, which is aimed at compensating for its consequences, was determined in patients of group II as well as active participation in the immune reactions of HLA-DR + lymphocytes as a delicate adaptation mechanism. The development of functional instability of the system occurred mainly due to the T-cell link a year after the case of polytrauma. Conclusion. Our analysis made it possible to prove objectively on mathematical models that traumatic disease is a long process. Clinical and pathogenetic aspects of immune disorders are beyond question and provide the basis for the application of the proposed treatment algorithms and changes in stereotypes regarding the treatment approach as a whole.

scholarly journals Study on the relationship between menopausal age, body mass index and total number of teeth

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-34
Author(s):  
Ioana Madalina Lescai ◽  
◽  
Laurenta Lelia Mihai ◽  
Monica Mihaela Cirstoiu ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
The Body ◽  
Entire Group ◽  
Number Of Teeth ◽  
Group I ◽  
Average Body Mass ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Average Body

Objectives. The objective of this study is to assess the state of oral health, from the perspective of the number of teeth present, according to the body mass index as a representative element of health. Materials and methods. This study consists of 180 patients from a private dental practice. All 180 patient records were reviewed for an assessment of the number of teeth present and the body mass index at menopausal age. The cohort of patients was divided into two groups, a group of women aged 40 to 54.9 years and the second group, which included women aged 55 and over. The 2 groups were divided based on premenopausal (group I) and postmenopausal (group II) age. Results. The average number of present teeth (based on radiographs) for the entire population of 180 patients is 22.02 teeth. In group I, for the 109 women in the premenopausal group, the average number of teeth is 23.94. The total number of teeth for the 71 women in the postmenopausal group is 19.07. The average BMI for the entire group of patients is 27.24 kg/m2, with a lower value in group I, 26.25 kg/m2, compared to group II, 28.78 kg/m2. Discussions. The average number of teeth in the premenopausal group is higher than in the postmenopausal group. The average body mass index places the whole series of patients in the overweight category. Conclusions. This study shows that the relationship between BMI and the number of lost teeth is positive and proportional, BMI increases with increasing number of teeth lost at premenopausal age.

Impact of Body Mass Index on In-Hospital Outcomes after Percutaneous Coronary Interventions

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-39
Author(s):  
Mohammad Khalilur Rahman Siddiqui ◽  
STM Abu Azam ◽  
Pradip Kumar Karmakar ◽  
Shaila Nabi ◽  
Pranob Karmaker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Obese People ◽  
Hospital Outcomes ◽  
Hospital Outcome ◽  
Group I ◽  
Percutaneous Coronary ◽  
Group Ii

Background: Obesity, measured on the basis of body mass index (BMI), is an independent cardiovascular risk factor. However, some studies have reported the “obesity paradox” after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). The relationship between BMI and clinical outcomes after PCI has not been thoroughly investigated, especially in Bangladesh.Method: This cross sectional observational study was conducted at National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, on total 100 patients who underwent PCI with two equally divided groups on the basis of BMI of Asian ethnicity: Group I (BMI < 23 kg/m2) and Group II (BMI e” 23.0 kg/m2). In-hospital outcomes were observed and recorded after PCI.Results: The mean BMI of study population was 23.9 ± 1.9 kg/m2. The sum of occurrence of adverse in-hospital outcomes was 14.0%. Complications were significantly (p < 0.01) higher in Group I than Group II. Among all adverse in-hospital outcomes, only acute left ventricular failure was found to be statistically significant between groups (p < 0.01). The difference of mean duration of hospital stay after PCI was higher in Group-I which was statistically significant (p < 0.01). Diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia were found to be the independent predictors for developing adverse in-hospital outcome (OR= 1.68 and 1.46; 95% CI = 1.25 – 2.24 and 1.16 – 1.83; p = 0.018 and 0.040, respectively). BMI was inversely associated with adverse in-hospital outcome after PCI (OR = 0.95; 95% CI = 0.91 – 0.98; p = 0.007).Conclusion: BMI is inversely associated with adverse in-hospital outcomes after PCI. The underweight and normal weight people are at greater risk to experience in-hospital adverse outcomes than overweight and obese people following PCI.Cardiovasc. j. 2017; 10(1): 31-39

scholarly journals Relation of Serial Changes in Childhood Body-Mass Index to Impaired Glucose Tolerance in Young Adulthood

2004 ◽  
Vol 350 (9) ◽  
pp. 865-875 ◽  
Author(s):  
Santosh K. Bhargava ◽  
Harshpal Singh Sachdev ◽  
Caroline H.D. Fall ◽  
Clive Osmond ◽  
Ramakrishnan Lakshmy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Impaired Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Young Adulthood ◽  
Childhood Body Mass Index

Contraction-mediated glucose uptake is increased in men with impaired glucose tolerance

2007 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camilla Skov-Jensen ◽  
Mette Skovbro ◽  
Anne Flint ◽  
Jørn Wulff Helge ◽  
Flemming Dela
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Impaired Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Glucose Uptake ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Insulin Stimulation ◽  
Fat Percentage

Exercise superimposed on insulin stimulation is shown to increase muscle glucose metabolism and these two stimuli have synergistic effects. The objective of this study was to investigate glucose infusion rates (GIR) in groups with a wide variation in terms of insulin sensitivity during insulin stimulation alone and with superimposed exercise. Patients with type 2 diabetes, subjects with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), healthy controls, and endurance-trained subjects were studied. The groups were matched for age and lean body mass (LBM), and differed in peak oxygen uptake (VO2 peak), body fat percentage, body mass index (BMI), fasting plasma glucose concentration, and oral glucose-tolerance test (OGTT). Each subject underwent a two-step sequential hyperinsulinemic, euglycemic clamp. During the last 30 min of the 2nd clamp step, subjects exercised on a bicycle at 43% ± 2% of VO2 peak. In agreement with the OGTT data, the presence of different GIR during insulin stimulation alone demonstrated varying levels of insulin sensitivity between groups. However, the impairment of GIR in IGT observed during insulin stimulation alone was abolished compared to controls when exercise was superimposed on insulin stimulation. Humans with IGT are resistant to insulin-stimulated but not to exercise-induced glucose uptake.

scholarly journals Downhill hiking improves low-grade inflammation, triglycerides, body weight and glucose tolerance

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Heinz Drexel ◽  
Arthur Mader ◽  
Christoph H. Saely ◽  
Gerda Tautermann ◽  
Jörn F. Dopheide ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Eccentric Exercise ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Reduction ◽  
Reactive Protein

AbstractExercise is a well-established tool for cardiovascular risk reduction. Particularly eccentric exercise, which essentially means walking downwards could favour more people becoming physically active. With the present controlled study, we tested the hypothesis that eccentric exercise can improve insulin sensitivity, triglyceride handling, body mass index, glucose tolerance and inflammation. We allocated 127 healthy sedentary individuals to one of two groups: (i) an active group of 102 individuals walking downwards a predefined route three to five times per week over two months, covering a difference in altitude of 540 m; for the upward route a cable car was used, for which adherence was recorded electronically and (ii) a matched control group of 25 individuals who stayed sedentary. Fasting and postprandial metabolic profiles were obtained at baseline and after two months. Compared to baseline, eccentric exercise significantly improved HOMA insulin resistance (1.94 ± 1.65 vs. 1.71 ± 1.36 (µU−1 ml) × ((mmol/l)−122.5); p = 0.038) and resulted in a decrease in fasting glucose (97 ± 15 vs. 94 ± 9 mg dl−1; p = 0.025) and glucose tolerance (238 ± 50 vs. 217 ± 47 mg dl−1 h−1; p < 0.001), whereas these parameters did not change significantly in the control group. Eccentric exercise significantly improved triglyceride tolerance (1923 ± 1295 vs. 1670 ± 1085 mg dl−1 h−1; p = 0.003), whereas triglyceride tolerance remained unchanged in the control group (p = 0.819). Furthermore, body mass index (27.7 ± 4.3 vs. 27.4 ± 4.3 kg m−2; p = 0.003) and C-reactive protein (0.27 ± 0.42 vs. 0.23 ± 0.25 mg dl−1; p = 0.031) were significantly lowered in the eccentric exercise group but not in the control group. Downhill walking, a type of exercise is a promising unusual exercise modality with favorable effects on body mass index, insulin action, on postprandial glucose and triglyceride handling and on C-reactive protein.ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00386854.

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