scholarly journals Predicting The Feasibility of Small Bowel Feeding in Patients With Generalized Secondary Peritonitis

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-33
Author(s):  
O. G. Sivkov
Keyword(s):  
Drug Administration ◽  
Test Procedure ◽  
Secondary Peritonitis ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Absorption Test ◽  
Routine Test ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Nasojejunal Tube ◽  
Feeding Tolerance

Finding a simple reproducible routine test is relevant for the determination of post-pyloric feeding tolerance.Aim. To evaluate in a pilot study the usefulness of acetaminophen absorption test with post-pyloric drug administration in patients with generalized secondary peritonitis.Materials and methods. Acetaminophen absorption test was performed in patients with generalized secondary peritonitis. 0.5 g of drug was administered into the lumen of the small intestine through the nasojejunal tube and after 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 90 min its blood level was determined. The first group (n=14) of variables was taken from patients whose test was performed immediately after the surgery. The second group results (n=10) were obtained from the same patients who were tested when they were able to absorb >1 l/day of enteral nutrition without signs of intolerance.Results. When comparing the concentration of acetaminophen in the blood after the drug administration into the bowel of patients with peritonitis immediately after surgery and at the time when the assimilation of bowel feeding had become possible, it was found that the most significant differences were detected within the time interval of 5–20 minutes after the drug administration (P<0.001). This time interval is optimal for harvesting blood samples during the acetaminophen test procedure.Conclusion. Bowel absorption of acetaminophen may be informative for predicting the feasibility of adequate post-pyloric enteral feeding of patients with generalized secondary peritonitis.

Variables Influencing the Thrombostat 4000: Recommended Standardization

1995 ◽  
Vol 21 (S 02) ◽  
pp. 11-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerald Dietrich ◽  
Volker Kretschmer ◽  
Dagmar Weber ◽  
Winfried Haupt ◽  
Betiina Langen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Significant Influence ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Test Procedure ◽  
Standard Test ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Capillary Diameter ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Diagnostic Use

The in vitro bleeding test (IVBT) (Thrombostat 4000) was performed on blood samples from healthy blood donors using a “preliminary standard test.” Only one factor of the test procedure was changed each time.We found the following parameters to have a significant influence on the test results: time interval between sampling and testing, diameter of the filter's aperture, capillary diameter, aggregating agents and their concentration, temperature of the blood and cartridges, method of drying the capillaries, the aspiration pressure, and the hematocrit of the blood sample. According to our data, we propose a standard IVBT for routine application and modifications for special diagnostic use.

Synthesis and solvatochromic studies of 2- amino-3-phenolazo1-(4-sulfophenyl)-3-methyi-5-pyrozolone and use it for the determination of trace amount of Nickel (II) in blood samples

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. 4920
Author(s):  
Amar M. Ali ◽  
Hussain. J. Mohammed*
Keyword(s):  
Stability Constant ◽  
Trace Amount ◽  
Benzenesulfonic Acid ◽  
Determination Method ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Determination Of Nickel ◽  
Normal Human ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Normal Human Blood

A new, simple, sensitive and rapid spectrophotometric method is proposed for the determination of trace amount of Nickel (II). The method is based on the formation of a 1:2 complex with 4-(4-((2-hydroxy-6-nitrophenyl) diazenyl) -3-methyl-5-oxo-2, 5-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-1-yl) benzenesulfonic acid (2-ANASP) as a new reagent is developed. The complex has a maximum absorption at 516 nm and εmax of 1. 84 X 105 L. mol-1. cm-1. A linear correlation (0. 25 – 4. 0μg. ml-1) was found between absorbance at λmax and concentration. The accuracy and reproducibility of the determination method for various known amounts of Nickel (II) were tested. The results obtained are both precise (RSD was 1. 2 %) and accurate (relative error was 0. 787 %). The effect of diverse ions on the determination of Nickel (II) to investigate the selectivity of the method were also studied. The stability constant of the product was 0. 399 X 106 L. mol-1. The proposed method was successfully applied to the analysis of diabetes blood and normal human blood. 

scholarly journals Determination of 19 Psychoactive Substances in Premortem and Postmortem Whole Blood Samples Using Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Separations ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 78
Author(s):  
Sevasti Karampela ◽  
Jessica Smith ◽  
Irene Panderi
Keyword(s):  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Formic Acid ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Tandem Mass ◽  
Psychoactive Substances ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Whole Blood Samples

An ever-increasing need exists within the forensic laboratories to develop analytical processes for the qualitative and quantitative determination of a broad spectrum of new psychoactive substances. Phenylethylamine derivatives are among the major classes of psychoactive substances available on the global market and include both amphetamine analogues and synthetic cathinones. In this work, an ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-positive ion electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometric method (UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS) has been developed and fully validated for the determination of 19 psychoactive substances, including nine amphetamine-type stimulants and 10 synthetic cathinone derivatives, in premortem and postmortem whole blood. The assay was based on the use of 1 mL premortem or postmortem whole blood, following solid phase extraction prior to the analysis. The separation was achieved on a Poroshell 120 EC-C18 analytical column with a gradient mobile phase of 0.1% formic acid in acetonitrile and 0.1% formic acid in water in 9 min. The dynamic multiple reaction monitoring used in this work allowed for limit of detection (LOD) and lower limit of quantitation (LOQ) values of 0.5 and 2 ng mL−1, respectively, for all analytes both in premortem and postmortem whole blood samples. A quadratic calibration model was used for the 12 quantitative analytes over the concentration range of 20–2000 ng mL−1, and the method was shown to be precise and accurate both in premortem and postmortem whole blood. The method was applied to the analysis of real cases and proved to be a valuable tool in forensic and clinical toxicology.

LRF and TRF test during long-term danazol treatment: increase of the LH and FSH responses but decrease of the prolactin and TSH responses

1983 ◽  
Vol 104 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Leppäluoto ◽  
L. Rönnberg ◽  
P. Ylöstalo
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Follicular Phase ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Hormone Levels ◽  
Coefficients Of Variation ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Thyroid Hormone Levels ◽  
Low Serum

Abstract. Seven patients suffering from severe endometriosis were treated with danazol 200 mg × 3 daily for 6 months. Clinical symptoms were alleviated and menses disappeared in response to the treatment. After cessation of the treatment the menstrual bleedings returned in 1–3 months. Blood samples for determination of gonadotrophins, prolactin (Prl), oestradiol (E2), progesterone, thyroid hormones and thyrotrophin in radioimmunoassays were taken and a combined TRF and LRF test carried out in the follicular phase before treatment, at the 6th month of treatment and after reappearance of the first menses. There were no statistically significant changes in the basal levels of serum FSH, LH or TSH during the danazol treatment. Neither was there any change in episodic secretions of FSH, LH or Prl, as determined by the mean coefficients of variation of the hormone levels in seven consecutive samples taken at 20 min intervals. On the other hand, serum E2, Prl and thyroid hormone levels were significantly decreased in the 6th month of treatment. In the TRF-LRF test the responses of serum FSH and LH were significantly higher and those of serum Prl and TSH significantly lower during danazol treatment than before. Prl responses remained lowered after the treatment. It appears that low serum oestrogen levels, induced by the danazol treatment, sensitize the pituitary gonadotrophs to exogenous LRF, but make the sensitivity of thyrotrophs and lactotrophs lower to exogenous TRF. These results thus indicate that danazol does not make the pituitary gonadotrophs insensitive to LRF, but danazol may rather inhibit the secretion of hypothalamic LRF.

scholarly journals Simultaneous Determination of Cyclosporine A, Tacrolimus, Sirolimus, and Everolimus in Whole-Blood Samples by LC-MS/MS

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustafa Karapirli ◽  
Murat Kizilgun ◽  
Ozgur Yesilyurt ◽  
Husamettin Gul ◽  
Zeki Ilker Kunak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Tandem Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Simultaneous Determination ◽  
Cyclosporine A ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Immunosuppressive Drugs ◽  
Tandem Mass ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Whole Blood Samples

Objectives. Cyclosporine A (CyA), tacrolimus (TRL), sirolimus (SIR), and everolimus (RAD) are immunosuppressive drugs frequently used in organ transplantation. Our aim was to confirm a robust sensitive and selective liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method for determination of CyA, TRL, SIR, and RAD in whole-blood samples.Materials and Methods. We used an integrated online solid-phase extraction-LC-MS/MS system and atmospheric pressure ionization tandem mass spectrometry (API-MS/MS) in the multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) detection mode. CyA, TRL, SIR, and RAD were simultaneously analyzed in whole blood treated with precipitation reagent taken from transplant patients.Results. System performance parameters were suitable for using this method as a high-throughput technique in clinical practice. The high concentration of one analyte in the sample did not affect the concentration of other analytes. Total analytical time was 2.5 min, and retention times of all analytes were shorter than 2 minutes.Conclusion. This LC-MS/MS method can be preferable for therapeutic drug monitoring of these immunosuppressive drugs (CyA, TRL, SRL, and RAD) in whole blood. Sample preparation was too short and simple in this method, and it permits robust, rapid, sensitive, selective, and simultaneous determination of these drugs.

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