scholarly journals Investigating the possibility of making lignin-glyoxal resins as adhesives in the production of plywood

BioResources ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 7122-7133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Reza Tupa Esfandiyari ◽  
Mohammad Talaei Pour ◽  
Habibollah Khademieslam ◽  
Seyed Ahmad Mir Shokraei ◽  
Behzad Bazyar
Keyword(s):  
Urea Formaldehyde ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Modulus Of Rupture ◽  
Formaldehyde Resin ◽  
Thickness Swelling ◽  
Natural Origin ◽  
And Control ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Control Samples

The possibility of making glues of natural origin (pure lignin and lignin-gluoxal (instead of chemical resins for making plywood from poplar layer was investigated. For this purpose, lignin was reacted with glyoxal and the lignin-glyoxal glue was produced. To make the desired plywood, pure lignin (L.100%), lignin-glyoxal 15% (L.85%, G.15%), and lignin-glyoxal 30% (L.70%, G.30%) were used as the adhesive at three different levels. Ammonium chloride (1%) as the hardener and wheat flour (30%) as the filler based on the dry weight of the adhesive were also used. Plates made with urea formaldehyde resin at 160 g/m2 were considered as control samples. After the laboratory boards were produced, the physical and mechanical properties of samples, such as thickness swelling after 2 and 24 h of immersion in water, shear strength, modulus of rupture and modulus of elasticity, were measured. In addition, the groups and bonds in the pure lignin and lignin-gloxal adhesives were identified by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. In most tests and compared to the boards made of the adhesives and control boards, the lignin-glyoxal 30% (L.70%, G.30%) glue came closest to the performance of the control glue.

scholarly journals Eucalyptus wood and coffee parchment for particleboard production: Physical and mechanical properties

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mário Vanoli Scatolino ◽  
Andrey de Oliveira Costa ◽  
José Benedito Guimarães Júnior ◽  
Thiago de Paula Protásio ◽  
Rafael Farinassi Mendes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Urea Formaldehyde ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Modulus Of Rupture ◽  
Thickness Swelling ◽  
Renewable Materials ◽  
Wood Panel ◽  
Eucalyptus Wood ◽  
Pressing Cycle

ABSTRACT The wood panel industry is constantly growing, being necessary the innovation in technologies and raw materials to improve the quality of the final product. Considering the shortage and pressure to decrease the dependence of wood, there is an interest in other renewable materials such as agricultural wastes. Among these wastes, coffee parchment is one which deserves notoriety. An alternative use for coffee parchment could be for production of particleboard in association with wood particles. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of using coffee parchment for production of particleboard. The following percentages of wastes were used: 0, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50% in association to eucalyptus wood. The panels were produced with 8% of urea formaldehyde (based on dry weight of particles). The pressing cycle consisted by: pre-pressing of 0.5 MPa for 10 minutes followed by pressing of 4.0 MPa, and temperature of 160° C for 15 minutes. The compaction ratio of particleboards produced using higher quantities of parchment improved the physical properties. The properties of Water Absorption (2 and 24 h) and Thickness Swelling (2 h) decreased with increasing percentage of coffee parchment. The Thickness Swelling (24 h) showed not significant effect with an increase of coffee waste. The Modulus of Elasticity for coffee parchment particleboards was in the range 646.49 ± 112.65 to 402.03 ± 66.24 MPa, while the Modulus of Rupture ranged from 8.18 ± 1.39 to 4.45 ± 0.75 MPa. The results showed that 10% of coffee parchment could be added for production of particleboards.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the physical and mechanical properties of particleboard made from giant reed (Arundo donax L.)

BioResources ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 477-486
Author(s):  
Teresa García-Ortuño ◽  
Javier Andréu-Rodríguez ◽  
María T. Ferrández-García ◽  
Manuel Ferrández-Villena ◽  
Clara E. Ferrández-García
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Urea Formaldehyde ◽  
Single Layer ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Arundo Donax ◽  
Modulus Of Rupture ◽  
Giant Reed ◽  
Formaldehyde Resin ◽  
Thickness Swelling ◽  
Arundo Donax L

Single-layer experimental particleboards were made from various sizes of Arundo donax particles bonded with urea formaldehyde resin. The experimental panels were tested for their mechanical strength including modulus of rupture (MOR), modulus of elasticity (MOE), internal bonding (IB), screw holding strength (SH), and physical properties (density, moisture content, thickness swelling (TS), and water absorption (WA)) according to the procedures defined by European Union (EN) Standards. The overall results showed that most panels exceeded the EN Standards for MOE, MOR, and IB. The mechanical properties of the particleboard were enhanced as the density increased. Particle size was found to have a profound effect on the board properties.

scholarly journals Effect of Graphene Oxide Nanoparticles on the Physical and Mechanical Properties of Medium Density Fiberboard

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 1818
Author(s):  
Waheed Gul ◽  
Hussein Alrobei
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Urea Formaldehyde ◽  
Medium Density Fiberboard ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Modulus Of Rupture ◽  
Formaldehyde Resin ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Medium Density ◽  
Thickness Swelling

In this research, the special effects of graphene oxide nanoparticle charging (0, 2, 4, 6, wt.%) on the properties of medium-density fiberboard were examined. Physical and mechanical properties of the panels were determined conferring the method of European Norm standards. The consequences exhibited substantial enhancement in mechanical properties, explicitly in modulus of rupture, modulus of elasticity and internal bonding for 2–6% nanoparticle addition in a urea–formaldehyde resin. The mechanical properties, i.e., internal bond, modulus of elasticity and modulus of rupture were improved by 28.5%, 19.22% and 38.8%, respectively. Results also show a clear enhancement in thickness swelling and water absorption. The physical properties of thickness swelling, water absorption and thermal conductivity were improved up to 50%, 19.5% and 39.79%, respectively. The addition of graphene oxide nanoparticles strongly affected the curing time of the urea–formaldehyde resin and improved its thermal stability.

scholarly journals Properties of dual-species bamboo-oriented strand boards bonded with phenol formaldehyde adhesive under various compression ratios

BioResources ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 5422-5435
Author(s):  
Sena Maulana ◽  
Wahyu Hidayat ◽  
Ihak Sumardi ◽  
Nyoman J. Wistara ◽  
Muhammad I. Maulana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Compression Ratio ◽  
Phenol Formaldehyde ◽  
Slenderness Ratio ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Phenol Formaldehyde Resin ◽  
Modulus Of Rupture ◽  
Formaldehyde Resin ◽  
Thickness Swelling ◽  
Naoh Solution ◽  
Dendrocalamus Asper

Physical and mechanical properties were evaluated for bamboo-oriented strand boards (BOSB) prepared with combinations of two contrasting bamboo species and bonded with phenol formaldehyde resin under various compression ratios. The strands from the culms of Gigantochloa pseudoarundinacea and Dendrocalamus asper bamboo were steam-treated at a temperature of 126 °C and a pressure of 0.14 MPa for 1 h and then washed with a 1% NaOH solution. Three-layer dual-species bamboo-oriented strand boards with a shelling ratio of 25 to 50 to 25 (face to core to back) were manufactured with different compression ratios using an 8% phenol formaldehyde adhesive and 1% paraffin. The slenderness ratio and aspect ratio were evaluated by measuring 100 random strands to determine uniformity. The solidity profiles of the dual-species bamboo-oriented strand boards (thickness direction) were relatively uniform. The modulus of rupture, modulus of elasticity, and internal bond values of the dual-species bamboo-oriented strand boards increased as the compression ratio increased, but the water absorption and thickness swelling decreased. The dual-species bamboo-oriented strand boards prepared with compression ratios of 1.44 to 1.25 and 1.54 to 1.33 met all the requirements of CSA standard 0437 (2011). The optimum compression ratio for the preparation of dual-species bamboo-oriented strand boards was 1.44 to 1.25.

scholarly journals Effect of Embedment of MWCNTs for Enhancement of Physical and Mechanical Performance of Medium Density Fiberboard

Nanomaterials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Waheed Gul ◽  
Hussein Alrobei ◽  
Syed Riaz Akbar Shah ◽  
Afzal Khan ◽  
Abid Hussain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Urea Formaldehyde ◽  
Medium Density Fiberboard ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Formaldehyde Emission ◽  
Modulus Of Rupture ◽  
Formaldehyde Resin ◽  
Medium Density

In this research work effect of embedment of multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) on the physical and mechanical properties of medium density fiberboard (MDF) have been investigated. The MWCNTs were embedded in urea formaldehyde resin (UF) at 0, 1.5%, 3% and 5% concentrations by weight for the manufacturing of nano-MDF. The addition of these nanoparticles enhanced thermal conductivity by 24.2% reduced curing time by 20% and controlled formaldehyde emission by 59.4%. The internal bonding (I.B), modulus elasticity (MOE), modulus of rupture (MOR), thickness swelling (Ts) and water absorption (WA) properties were improved significantly by 21.15%, 30.2%, 28.3%, 44.8% and 29% respectively as compared to controlled MDF.

Utilization of Ground Peanut Husk as an Alternative Fiber Material for Particleboard

2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 416-419
Author(s):  
Jacob Allen Newton ◽  
Jeffery J. Morrell
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Absorption ◽  
Urea Formaldehyde ◽  
Fiber Material ◽  
Thickness Swell ◽  
National Standards ◽  
Modulus Of Rupture ◽  
Attractive Alternative ◽  
Formaldehyde Resin ◽  
Absorption Thickness ◽  
Different Levels

Abstract The potential for using peanut (Arachis hypogaea) husks as an alternative fiber for particleboard production was examined at five different levels of melamine-urea-formaldehyde resin (MUF). The resulting panels were evaluated for moisture absorption, thickness swell, flexural properties (modulus of rupture [MOR] and modulus of elasticity [MOE]) and internal bond (IB) strength. MOR, MOE and IB values of panels containing ≥6 percent resin met or exceeded American National Standards Institute standards for multiple grades of particleboard although they were weaker than previous reports of commercially produced wood particleboards. Moisture uptake and thickness swell also improved markedly at resin levels >6 percent. The results suggest that peanut husks are an attractive alternative fiber source in combination with the MUF resin system.

scholarly journals Suitability of Muli Bamboo (Melocanna baccifera) for Making Bamboo Mat Plywood

1970 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 543-548 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Ashaduzzaman ◽  
R Rana ◽  
MNH Khan ◽  
MI Shams
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Modulus Of Elasticity ◽  
Urea Formaldehyde ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Average Density ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Modulus Of Rupture ◽  
Formaldehyde Resin ◽  
Alternative Source

This paper investigated the potentiality of muli (Melocanna baccifera) for making bamboo mat plywood. Bamboo mat plywood with the length, width and thickness of 2.4 m × 1.2 m × 7 mm was made using liquid urea formaldehyde resin. The physical and mechanical properties of such plywood were compared with the existing market plywood. The average density of bamboo mat plywood was much higher compared to the existing market plywood. The modulus of rupture (MOR) of bamboo mat plywood was 3 times and the modulus of elasticity (MOE) was 6 times higher compared to commercial (Bombax ceiba) plywood. Interestingly, the specific MOR and MOE were significantly higher than those of market plywood. The high strength values might be due to the long fiber length of the bamboo. Furthermore, the lamination of decorative thin garjan (Dipterocarpus turbinatus) veneer did not significantly reduce mechanical properties of the products. Bamboo plywood mat as well as garjan laminated bamboo mat plywood showed better performance in respect to thickness swelling, linear expansion and water absorption. Hence, muli bamboo can be a potential alternative source of raw material for the manufacture of plywood materials. Key words: Bamboo mat plywood; Density; Dimensional stability; Modulus of elasticity; Modulus of rupture DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjsir.v46i4.9605 BJSIR 2011; 46(4): 543-548

scholarly journals USE OF RESIDUES OF FORESTRY EXPLORATION OF Pinus taeda FOR PARTICLEBOARD MANUFACTURE

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Setsuo Iwakiri ◽  
Rosilani Trianoski ◽  
Daniel Chies ◽  
Everton Lorenzett Tavares ◽  
Morgana Cristina França ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Urea Formaldehyde ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Formaldehyde Resin ◽  
Forest Exploitation ◽  
Pressing Time ◽  
Nominal Density ◽  
Bond Tests

ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the quality of particleboards manufactured with forest exploitation waste from Pinus taeda. The material in the form of branches, tree tops, stumps and roots, was obtained from a forest plantation located in the Municipality of Mafra -SC. All the material was processed into wood chips for biomass and transported to the place of studies. The Pinus industrial particles were used as control and mixed with the waste in different proportions. The experimental plan consisted of the panels manufacture with 100% of each type of material and mixture of these com proportions of 75/25%, 50/50% and 25/75% with Pinus industrial particles, in addition to the mixture in equal parts, of the three types of materials. Experimental panels were manufactured with nominal density of 0.75 g/cm3, using the urea-formaldehyde resin, in the proportion of 8% of solids -dry weight basis of the particles. The panels were pressed with specific pressure of 4.0 MPa, temperature of 160ºC and pressing time of 8 minutes. The results of the internal bond tests met the requirements of the standard EN 312, is indicative that there has been a proper bonding of these particles originating forest exploitation wastes. General evaluations of the physical and mechanical properties results of the experimental panels indicate the possibility of use of particles obtained from branches, tree tops, stumps and roots, mixed com the industrial Pinus particles, in proportion of, up to, 50%, for particleboard manufacture.

Glutardialdehyde Modified Corn Starch – Urea Formaldehyde Resin as a Binder for Particleboard Making

2015 ◽  
Vol 754-755 ◽  
pp. 89-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.H.M. Amini ◽  
R. Hashim ◽  
N.S. Sulaiman ◽  
S. Hiziroglu ◽  
Othman Sulaiman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Elasticity Modulus ◽  
Corn Starch ◽  
Urea Formaldehyde ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Urea Formaldehyde Resin ◽  
Modulus Of Rupture ◽  
Formaldehyde Resin ◽  
Japanese Industrial Standard ◽  
Internal Bonding Strength

The objective of the study was to characterize and to evaluate physical and mechanical properties of experimental particleboard panels made from rubberwood (Heveabrasiliensis) using modified starch-urea formaldehyde as binder. Panels were manufactured using 13% corn starch modified with glutardialdehyde with addition of 2 % urea formaldehyde resin and tested for their physical and mechanical properties. All of the particleboards satisfied the Japanese Industrial Standard which required 2000 N/mm2, 8.0 N/mm2and 0.15 N/mm2for modulus of elasticity, modulus of rupture and internal bonding strength, respectively. The mechanical properties were comparable to those made using 15 % urea formaldehyde resin with reduction of formaldehyde fume was over 50 %.

scholarly journals High-density particleboard made from agro-industrial waste and different adhesives

BioResources ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 5162-5170
Keyword(s):  
Sugarcane Bagasse ◽  
Urea Formaldehyde ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
High Density ◽  
Modulus Of Rupture ◽  
Formaldehyde Resin ◽  
Pulp Industry ◽  
Dry Conditions ◽  
American Standard

Particleboards were made using particles from sugarcane bagasse and eucalyptus residues of the pulp industry. The particleboard properties were evaluated according to ABNT NBR 14810-1 (2013), ABNT NBR 14810-2 (2013), and ANSI A208.1 (1999) standards, which compared the efficiency of castor oil-based polyurethane resin (PU-Castor) and urea-formaldehyde resin (UF). The particleboards were composed of 60% wood particles and 40% bagasse, with a 10% adhesive dose based on the dry mass of particles. The following parameters were evaluated: apparent density, moisture content (MC), thickness swelling after 24 h, modulus of rupture (MOR), modulus of elasticity to static bending (MOE), and internal bond strength of panels (IB). The results obtained demonstrated the potential use of eucalyptus and sugarcane bagasse residues in the production of high-density particleboards. The panels produced with PU-Castor showed greater efficiency, and their physical and mechanical properties were compatible with the requirements of the Brazilian standard for P4 panels (structural panels for use in dry conditions) and the American standard for H-3 panels (high industrial density).

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