Influence of layer arrangement on bonding and bending performances of cross-laminated timber using two different species

BioResources ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 5328-5341
Author(s):  
Keon-Ho Kim
Keyword(s):  
Bending Strength ◽  
Red Pine ◽  
Bending Test ◽  
Bending Properties ◽  
Wood Panel ◽  
Cross Laminated Timber ◽  
Domestic Species ◽  
Layer Arrangement ◽  
Block Shear ◽  
Korean Red Pine

Cross-laminated timber (CLT) is a wood panel product that can be arranged in different ways. The advantage of utilizing CLT is the ability to use lamination even with low density materials or those that have defects, like knots. This study evaluated the bonding and bending performances of CLT utilizing domestic species in a shear wall or floor via a face bonding test of layers and a three-point bending test. The tests were carried out with three-layered CLT made up of Japanese larch and/or Korean red pine in various configurations. The layer arrangement for lamination was divided according to the species and grade of the wood. The out-of-plane and in-plane bending tests were conducted on the CLT according to the applicable direction in a wooden structure. The results of the bonding test showed that the block shear strength and delamination of all types of CLT met the BS EN 16351 (2015) standard requirements. The results of the bending test based on two wood species showed that the bending strength of the larch CLT was higher than that of the pine CLT in single species combinations. For mixed species combinations, the bending properties of CLT using larch as the major layer was higher than those using pine as the major layer. This demonstrated that the major layer had more influence on the bending properties of CLT and that Korean red pine was more suited for the minor layer of CLT.

Research on Damage and Bending Properties of AZ31 Magnesium Alloy

2012 ◽  
Vol 184-185 ◽  
pp. 1163-1166
Author(s):  
Xi An Xie ◽  
Gao Feng Quan
Keyword(s):  
Magnesium Alloy ◽  
Applied Load ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Az31 Magnesium Alloy ◽  
Bending Test ◽  
Bending Properties ◽  
Four Point Bending ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Four Point Bending Test ◽  
Initial Cracks

Through the four-point bending test of lath-shaped heat treated AZ31 magnesium alloy, the bending properties and damage characteristics were explored. The results show that the optimal bending strength of the magnesium alloy were 355.1MPa and 259.2MPa for extruded and cast samples, respectively, after corresponding heat treatment with 350°C, 90min and 400°C, 30min. The initial cracks both occurred at the loading point after applied load exceeded the yield limit of AZ31 magnesium alloy. Surface bump, cracks and other damage morphology accompanied by a large number of twinning organizations were found on the surface of the samples.

Bending Properties of Five-Layer Biaxial Weft Knitted Fabric Reinforced Composite Materials

2011 ◽  
Vol 391-392 ◽  
pp. 359-363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Geng ◽  
Ye Xiong Qi ◽  
Jia Lu Li
Keyword(s):  
Composite Materials ◽  
Fiber Volume Fraction ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Bending Test ◽  
Bending Properties ◽  
Fiber Volume ◽  
Reinforced Composite ◽  
Bending Load

Five-layer biaxial weft knitted (FBWK) fabric is one kind of multilayered biaxial weft knitted (MBWK) fabric. FBWK fabric is made of carbon fiber as inserted yarns and stitched with polyester yarns, and it has been impregnated with epoxy via resin transfer molding (RTM) technique to manufacture the composite plates. The bending properties of the FBWK fabric reinforced composite are studied with the three-point bending test method. The bending properties of the FBWK fabric reinforced composite materials with different fiber volume fraction have been investigated. The results show that the relationship between bending load and deflection is obviously linear before reaching the maximum load. Within a certain range, the bending strength of this kind of composites increases with the fiber volume fraction increasing. When the fiber volume fraction is 57%, the bending strength is 1051.4 MPa.

scholarly journals PENGARUH VARIASI JUMLAH LAPISAN FIBERGLASS DAN ANYAMAN BAMBU TERHADAP KEKUATAN BENDING KOMPOSIT DENGAN METODE VACUUM ASSISTED RESIN INFUSSION (VARI)

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Achmad Zainuri ◽  
Agus Dwi Catur ◽  
M. Zazali M. Zazali
Keyword(s):  
Bending Strength ◽  
Polyester Resin ◽  
Bending Test ◽  
Bending Stress ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Bending Properties ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Fiberglass Composite ◽  
Plastic Bag ◽  
Time Required

The objective of this research is to obtain the bending  properties  of  composite  material  produced  by VARI method, and to get analysis of polyester resin distribution time on the layer of fiberglass  composite and bamboo woven strip.The process of making composites varies, but the process of making this research is the process of Vacuum Assisted Resin Infusion (VARI). In the VARI process, dry fiber is placed between the fixmold and plactic bag, then the  resin  is injected  after  the chamber  inside the  low- pressure plastic bag and the process continues until all parts of the fiber are wetted by the resin.From the results of research, testing and discussion of bending test results that have been done then can be drawn conclusions include: Variation of the number of reinforcement layer on VARI method will affect the value of bending strength of composite. By using the VARI  method  The  highest  average  value  of  bending stress  occurs  in  variation  4  (206,69  MPa),  while  the lowest occurs in variation 1 (42,83 MPa), and the time required for the distribution of resin varies in time variation 1 which takes 5 minutes 02 seconds, while for variation 4 takes 8 minutes 3 seconds.Keywords: composites, VARI method, glass fiber, bending test

scholarly journals Experimental Investigation on the Influence of Fiber Path Curvature on the Mechanical Properties of Composites

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 2602
Author(s):  
Huaqiao Wang ◽  
Jihong Chen ◽  
Zhichao Fan ◽  
Jun Xiao ◽  
Xianfeng Wang
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Path Planning ◽  
Composite Laminates ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Bending Test ◽  
Fiber Placement ◽  
Automated Fiber Placement ◽  
Fiber Path ◽  
Path Curvature

Automated fiber placement (AFP) has been widely used as an advanced manufacturing technology for large and complex composite parts and the trajectory planning of the laying path is the primary task of AFP technology. Proposed in this paper is an experimental study on the effect of several different path planning placements on the mechanical behavior of laminated materials. The prepreg selected for the experiment was high-strength toughened epoxy resin T300 carbon fiber prepreg UH3033-150. The composite laminates with variable angles were prepared by an eight-tow seven-axis linkage laying machine. After the curing process, the composite laminates were conducted by tensile and bending test separately. The test results show that there exists an optimal planning path among these for which the tensile strength of the laminated specimens decreases slightly by only 3.889%, while the bending strength increases greatly by 16.68%. It can be found that for the specific planning path placement, the bending strength of the composite laminates is significantly improved regardless of the little difference in tensile strength, which shows the importance of path planning and this may be used as a guideline for future AFP process.

Bending Properties of General Purpose Stainless Steel Wire Formed for Orthodontic Use

2013 ◽  
Vol 746 ◽  
pp. 394-399
Author(s):  
Niwat Anuwongnukroh ◽  
Yosdhorn Chuankrerkkul ◽  
Surachai Dechkunakorn ◽  
Pornkiat Churnjitapirom ◽  
Theeralaksna Suddhasthira
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Steel Wire ◽  
General Purpose ◽  
Stainless Steel Wire ◽  
Bending Test ◽  
Bending Properties ◽  
Steel Wires ◽  
Significant Difference

The archwire is generally used in fixed appliances for orthodontic treatment to correct dental malocclusion. However, it is interesting to know whether general purpose stainless steel wire could replace commercial orthodontic archwire in orthodontic practice for economic reasons. The purpose of this study was to determine the bending properties of general purpose stainless steel wire compared with commercial orthodontic stainless steel wires after forming as an archwire for orthodontic use. The samples used in this study were 90 general purpose and 45 commercial (Highland) round stainless steel wires in 0.016, 0.018, and 0.020 sizes (30 general purpose and 15 commercial wires for each size). All 15 general purpose stainless steel wires with different sizes were formed into orthodontic archwire with a Universal Testing Machine. All samples were tested (three-point bending test) for mechanical properties. The results showed no significant difference between general purpose and commercial orthodontic wires in size 0.016 for 0.1 mm offset bending force, 0.2% yield strength, and springback. Although many mechanical properties of general purpose wires differed from commercial wires, their values conformed to other previous studies within the range of clinical acceptance. In conclusion, orthodontic formed general purpose round stainless steel wires had statistically different (p <0.05) mechanical properties from commercial orthodontic stainless steel wires (Highland) but the mechanical properties were acceptable to use in orthodontic treatment.

Experimental study on bending properties of cross-laminated timber-bamboo composites

2021 ◽  
Vol 300 ◽  
pp. 124313
Author(s):  
Weiqun Dong ◽  
Zhiqiang Wang ◽  
Jianhui Zhou ◽  
Meng Gong
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Bending Properties ◽  
Cross Laminated Timber

Bending and flexural-buckling strength of steel members considering strain-rate-effects at elevated temperatures

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fuminobu Ozaki ◽  
Takumi Umemura
Keyword(s):  
Strain Rate ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Transient State ◽  
Bending Test ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Buckling Strength ◽  
Flexural Buckling ◽  
Steel Members ◽  
Collapse Temperature

PurposeIn this study, the bending strength, flexural buckling strength and collapse temperature of small steel specimens with rectangular cross-sections were examined by steady and transient state tests with various heating and deformation rates.Design/methodology/approachThe engineering stress and strain relationships for Japan industrial standard (JIS) SN400 B mild steels at elevated temperatures were obtained by coupon tests under three strain rates. A bending test using a simple supported small beam specimen was conducted to examine the effects of the deformation rates on the centre deflection under steady-state conditions and the heating rates under transient state conditions. Flexural buckling tests using the same cross-section specimen as that used in the bending test were conducted under steady-state and transient-state conditions.FindingsIt was clarified that the bending strength and collapse temperature are evaluated by the full plastic moment using the effective strength when the strain is equal to 0.01 or 0.02 under fast strain rates (0.03 and 0.07 min–1). In contrast, the flexural buckling strength and collapse temperature are approximately evaluated by the buckling strength using the 0.002 offset yield strength under a slow strain rate (0.003 min–1).Originality/valueRegarding both bending and flexural buckling strengths and collapse temperatures of steel members subjected to fire, the relationships among effects of steel strain rate for coupon test results, heating and deformation rates for the heated steel members were minutely investigated by the steady and transient-state tests at elevated temperatures.

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