scholarly journals Chemical composition and content of essential oil from the bud of cultivated Turkish clove (Syzygium aromaticum L.)

BioResources ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 265-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Hakki Alma ◽  
Murat Ertaş ◽  
Siegfrie Nitz ◽  
Hubert Kollmannsberger
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Mediterranean Region ◽  
Steam Distillation ◽  
Syzygium Aromaticum ◽  
Distillation Method ◽  
Eugenyl Acetate ◽  
Clove Bud Oil ◽  
Oil Company

In this study, clove bud oil, which was cultivated in the Mediterranean region of Turkey, was provided from a private essential oil company in Turkey. Essential oil from clove (Syzygium aromaticum L.) was obtained from steam-distillation method, and its chemical composition was analyzed by GC and GC-MS. The results showed that the essential oils mainly contained about 87.00% eugenol, 8.01% eugenyl acetate and 3.56% β-Caryophyllene. The chemical composition of the Turkish clove bud oil was comparable to those of trees naturally grown in their native regions.

Enzyme‐assisted extraction of essential oils from Syzygium aromaticum

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
pp. 248-254
Author(s):  
R. Amudan ◽  
D. V. Kamat ◽  
S. D. Kamat
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Steam Distillation ◽  
Antibacterial Effect ◽  
Chemical Extraction ◽  
Syzygium Aromaticum ◽  
Clove Oil ◽  
Zone Size ◽  
Structure Quality ◽  
Assisted Extraction

The essential oil of clove ( Syzygium aromaticum) holds an important positionamongst widely used essential oils. A typical steam distillation processfor the extraction of clove oil provides a 10.1% yield. Recent studies involvedthe use of enzymes such as pectinase, amylase, lignocellulase, and cellulaseon the powder of clove buds, prior to extraction. The traditional methods ofphysical and chemical extraction are effective but may affect the structure,quality and yield of the phytochemicals extracted. In the current study,hence, enzymes specific for action on the cell wall have been used in the pretreatment prior to extraction, to enhance the quality and yield of the phytochemicalsextracted. The results indicated that all the enzymes, gave morethan 50% higher yield than control in terms of weight of extracted essentialoil. A mixture of the enzymes gave the highest yield of 17.82%. Gas chromatographyresults indicated that the essential oil extracted using amylase hada maximum eugenol content of 70%, in comparison with the eugenol content(62–68%) in the essential oils extracted using the rest of the enzymes.Antibacterial activity of all the extracts was studied on methicillin â€resistantStaphylococcus aureus  (MRSA). The essential oil extracted by using amylaseinhibitedMRSA, showed a zone size of 40 mm, whereas the essential oil extractedby using lignocellulase showed a zone size of 45 mm. The gas chromatogramindicated the maximum number of peaks in this extract, whichcould be producing a combined antibacterial effect on the organism. Thespecific gravity values of the essential oil extracted using lignocellulase andamylase was 1.051 and 1.062, respectively, whereas the control had a specificgravity of 1.015.

scholarly journals Composition of essential oil of plants some species of the genus Agastache l. Introduced in Belarus

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-155
Author(s):  
N. A. Kovalenko ◽  
G. N. Supichenko ◽  
V. N. Leontiev ◽  
A. G. Shutova
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Steam Distillation ◽  
Quantitative Composition ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Distillation Method ◽  
Methyl Chavicol ◽  
Oil Distribution ◽  
Main Component ◽  
Optically Pure

The steam distillation method was used to obtain samples of essential oil of some species of genus Agastache L. introduced in Belarus. More than 20 components have been identified and determined in the essential oils of Agastache pallidiflora ssp.neomexicana L., Agastache aurantiaca L., Agastache mexicana L., Agastache foeniculum L. by gas liquid chromatography.The quantitative composition of the samples of essential oils depends on the type of plant material. The main its components are limonene, 1.8-cineol, mentone, isomentone, methyl chavicol, methyeugenol. The main component of essential oils Agastache pallidiflora ssp. neomexicana L. и Agastache aurantiaca L is mentone (40–65 %). Essential oil Agastache foeniculum L. is enriched with pulegone and isomentone. Methyl chavicol and methyleugenol dominate in Agastache mexicana essential oil. Distribution of the enantiomers of limonene, menthone and pulegone are shown. Regardless of the plant species, the samples are optically pure in the (+)-pulegone. The nature of the distribution of the enantiomers of limonene and menthone is an individual characteristic of the studied Agastache L. essential oils.

scholarly journals CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF ESSENTIAL OILS AND ITS LOCOMOTOR ACTIVIT FROM THE BARKS OF Cinnamomum sintok Bl OF TWO DISTRICTS IN MIDDLE JAVA

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 84
Author(s):  
Muchtaridi Muchtaridi ◽  
Sri Sumiw ◽  
Rina F Nuwarda
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrum ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Locomotor Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Volatile Compounds ◽  
Steam Distillation ◽  
Methyl Eugenol ◽  
Linear Retention Index ◽  
Oil Components

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine of volatile compounds of essential oils from Cinnamomum sintoc B1 (sintok) barks belongs to Lauraceae of two Districts of Middle Java.Methods: Analysis of essential oil components from the barks of Cinnamomum sintoc Bl was performed by confirmation of the linear retention index (LRI), following by  the comparison of  NIST library peak and mass spectrum peak with literature data.Results: The essential oils from Yogyakarta and  Jember of Cinnamomum sintoc Bl obtained by steam distillation with percentage of  1.10% and 1.15% (w/w), respectively, with eugenol and methyl eugenol having higher percentage compare to other components, 35-38% and less than 10%, respectively. The sintok barks oil of Yogyakarta at 0.1 mL a dose decreased the locomotor activity as much as 11.33 %, while at 0.3 and 0.5 mL doses increased the locomotor activity as much as 35.83 % and 51.13 %.Conclusion: It can be concluded from this study that the inhalation of sintok barks oil gave different influence to locomotor activity depends on the doses given.Keywords: Cinnamomum sintoc Bl, methyl eugeunol, LRI, and eugenol 

scholarly journals Essential Oil Analysis of the Follicles of Four North American Magnolia Species

2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (7) ◽  
pp. 1934578X0800300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wolfgang Schühly ◽  
Samir A. Ross ◽  
Zlatko Mehmedic ◽  
Nikolaus H. Fischer
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
North American ◽  
Steam Distillation ◽  
Southeastern United States ◽  
Bornyl Acetate ◽  
Oil Analysis

The chemical composition of the essential oils obtained by steam distillation of fruits (follicles) of Magnolia fraseri Walt., M. tripetala L., M. acuminata L., and M. grandiflora L., collected in the Southeastern United States, were studied by GC/MS. A total of 35 out of 41 components were identified, most of which were monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes. Among the four investigated species, only few similarities in the compound patterns were found. The major constituents (> 10% of the essential oil) were found to be trans-nerolidol (20.0%) and 9-oxofarnesol (11.0%) in M. acuminata, β-pinene (26.3%) and β-myrcene (13.1%) in M. fraseri, β-elemene (12.2%) in M. grandiflora and bornyl acetate (17.0%), and β-caryophyllene (21.0%) and α-humulene in M. tripetala.

scholarly journals CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF OREGANO (Lippia palmeri S. WATS) ESSENTIAL OIL

2011 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ma. Magdalena Ortega-Nieblas ◽  
Ma. Refugio Robles-Burgueño ◽  
Evelia Acedo-Félix ◽  
Alberto González-León ◽  
Adriana Morales-Trejo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Steam Distillation ◽  
Escherichia Coli O157 ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
Oil Characterization ◽  
And Staphylococcus Aureus

The chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of Lippia palmeri S. Wats essential oil extracted from plants collected of two localities (Álamos and Puerto del Orégano) in the State of Sonora, México, was examined. Essential oils (EO) were obtained from oregano leaves by steam distillation, analyzed by gas chromatography coupled with a mass spectrometer, and their antimicrobial activity against human pathogens investigated by disc diffusion. Álamos and Puerto del Orégano essential oils (AEO and POEO) presented 50 and 60 constituents, respectively. The components were classified as monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes and phenolics. AEO most abundant components (> 2%) included p-cymene, thymol, isoaromandrene, carvacrol, γ-terpinene, p-thymol, longipinene-epoxide and eudesmol; while for POEO were carvacrol, thymol, p-cymene, caryophyllene, thymol acetate, α-bisabolene, γ-terpinene, myrcene and α-caryophyllene. These results implicate that chemotypes involved were a p-cymene/thymol in AEO and carvacrol in POEO. In general, EO antimicrobial activity against four Gram-positive and six Gram-negative bacteria varied according to the plant origin. However, both POEO and AEO showed the strongest activity against Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Staphylococcus aureus. This is the first report of L. palmeri essential oil characterization, and our results support the notion that these oils could be useful in food flavoring and preservation.

scholarly journals CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF HELICHRYSUM ARENARIUM AND HELICHRYSUM NOGAICUM ESSENTIAL OILS, GROWING IN THE ASTRAKHAN REGION

2018 ◽  
pp. 99-104
Author(s):  
Adelya Sametovna Baimukhambetova ◽  
Lyudmila Timofeyevna Sukhenko ◽  
Anatoliy Valeriyevich Velikorodov ◽  
Mikhail Alekseyevich Egorov ◽  
Gabriele Capodaglio
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Carboxylic Acids ◽  
Steam Distillation ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Medical Plant ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Asteraceae Family ◽  
Essential Oil Yield

Plants of Helichrysum genus belong to Asteraceae family and abound with species. The’re two species of plants of Helichrysum genus in the Astrakhan region – Helichrysum arenarium Moench and Hеlichrisum nogaicum Zvelev that was discovered later and isn’t studied well enough yet. Helichrysum arenarium is a well-known medical plant widely used in both academic and traditional medicine and included into the State Pharmacopoeia. Inflorescences of Helichrysum arenarium produce cholagogic, hemostatic, detoxicating, laxative, anti-inflammatory and diuretic effects, which is due to content of flavonoids, terpenoids and other components. This works shows results of studies of chemical composition of extracted essential oils of Hеlichrisum nogaicum and Helichrysum arenarium growing in the Astrakhan Region. Samples of essential oils of plants under studies have been obtained by steam distillation. Optimal steam distillation process duration has been determined by experiment taking studies of dynamics of essential oil yield change through time as a ground. Quantitative analysis of main components of Helichrysum arenarium and Hеlichrisum nogaicum essential oils has been carried out by gas-liquid chromatography. It has been identified that Helichrysum arenarium essential oil contains 21 substances. Its main components are camphor (14.59%) and carboxylic acids (37.02%), and 1,8-cineole (5.97%). The main components of the oil Helichrisum nogaicum are camphor (38.33%), borneol (14.21%), cineol-1.8 (11.37%) and terpene-4-ol (5.18%), sesquiterpene compounds (6.28%), and the content of carboxylic acids is insignificant and amounts to 6.58%.

scholarly journals Extraction of Essential Oils of Rosmarinus officinalis L. by Two Different Methods: Hydrodistillation and Microwave Assisted Hydrodistillation

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Majda Elyemni ◽  
Bouchra Louaste ◽  
Imane Nechad ◽  
Taha Elkamli ◽  
Abdelhak Bouia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Steam Distillation ◽  
Azeotropic Distillation ◽  
Rosmarinus Officinalis ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Microwave Assisted ◽  
Rosmarinus Officinalis L

The extraction of essential oils is generally carried out by two main techniques: azeotropic distillation (hydrodistillation, hydrodiffusion, and steam distillation) and extraction with solvents. However, these traditional methods are a bit expensive, especially since they are extremely energy and solvent consuming. This work consists in studying two methods of extraction of the essential oils of Rosmarinus officinalis L.: microwave assisted hydrodistillation (MAH) and Clevenger hydrodistillation (CH). Several parameters have been studied: the extraction time, the yield, and the chemical composition of the essential oils as well as the efficiency and cost of each procedure. The results obtained revealed that microwave-assisted hydrodistillation makes it possible to minimize the extraction time of the essential oils in comparison with conventional hydrodistillation. Thus, the same yield of essential oils is obtained for 20 minutes only with MAH while it takes 180 minutes with CH. In addition, the quality of the essential oil is improved thanks to a 1.14% increase in oxygenates. In conclusion, the MAH method offers significant advantages over conventional hydrodistillation and can therefore replace it on a pilot and industrial scale.

scholarly journals Variations in yield and composition of leaf essential oil from Syzygium aromaticum at various phases of development

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Razafimamonjison Gaylor ◽  
Boulanger Renaud ◽  
Jahiel Michel ◽  
Ramanoelina Panja ◽  
Fawbush Fanja ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Divergent Evolution ◽  
Syzygium Aromaticum ◽  
Maximum Percentage ◽  
Mature Leaves ◽  
Green Leaves ◽  
Eugenyl Acetate ◽  
Young Leaves ◽  
Phases Of Development

<p>The changes in the essential oil yield and composition from <em>Syzygium aromaticum</em> leaf harvested at different phases of development from young leaves to mature leaves were studied. Separation of the essential oils was conducted by steam distillation in a Clevenger apparatus for about 4h. Essential oils analyses were performed by GC/MS. The yield of essential oil (ml per 100 g of DM) of the leaf following the four phases of development was in order of: young leaves (5.1%) &gt; expanded leaves 1 (4.5%) &gt; expanded leaves 2 (4.1%) &gt; mature leaves (3.8%). Sixteen compounds were detected by GC/MS. Eugenol and eugenyl acetate were the dominant components. Eugenol and eugenyl acetate amount had a divergent evolution during the four expansions of leaves. When eugenol reached its highest percentages at expanded leaves 2 (84.00 - 90.48%) and mature leaves stage (88.32 - 90.22%), eugenyl acetate reached the lowest ones with, respectively, 0.96 - 7.16% and 0.36 - 1.64%, but when the eugenyl acetate reached a maximum percentage at young leaves stage with 61.44 - 65.52%, eugenol reached a minimum of 25.43 - 30.38%. It is judicious to collect and extract <em>S. aromaticum</em> leaf in expended leaves 2 (pale green leaves) and mature leaves stage (dark green leaves) in order to obtain the optimal yield and maximum percentage of eugenol.</p>

scholarly journals Syzygium aromaticum L. (Clove): A vital herbal drug used in periodontal disease

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (02) ◽  
pp. 45-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deepanjeet Kaur ◽  
Kaushal K. Chandrul
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Geographic Origin ◽  
Major Constituent ◽  
Lower Amount ◽  
Syzygium Aromaticum ◽  
Great Opportunity ◽  
Eugenyl Acetate ◽  
Main Component

Cloves are widely used in dental care, and are effective against a large number of bacteria. The main component of clove oil is eugenol, with β-caryophyllene and eugenyl acetate. The review of published results reveals a great opportunity to treat periodontal disease. The purpose of this study is to compare the bud, leaf and stem essential oil compositions from S. aromaticum and then to evaluate the correlation of the results with anatomic and geographical origins of the essential oil. Many commercial essential oils isolated from bud, leaf and stem were used in this work. The oils were analyzed by GC and then constituents were identified from the whole. The major constituent in oils was eugenol, with increasing percentages from bud (72.08 - 82.36%) to leaf (75.04 - 83.58%) and stem (87.52 - 96.65%). In the clove bud essential oil eugenyl acetate is the second major component (8.6 - 21.3%) while detected in considerably lower amount in the leaf (0 - 1.45%) and stem (0.07 - 2.53%). In leaf essential oil, the second main compounds were β-caryophyllene (11.65 - 19.53%) and α-humulene (1.38 - 2.17%), less represented in bud essential oils (2.76 - 8.64% and 0.34 - 1.04% respectively) and in stem essential oils (1.66 - 9.7% and 0.22 - 1.31% respectively). For each plant material, variation in the percentage of the main constituents was observed according to the sample geographic origin.

Chemical Composition and Antibacterial Activity of Essential Oils of Three Medicinal Plants from Algerian Semi-Arid Climatic Zone

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (S1) ◽  
pp. S155-S163 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Mehalaine ◽  
O. Belfadel ◽  
T. Menasria ◽  
A. Messaili
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Rosmarinus Officinalis ◽  
Salvia Officinalis ◽  
Thymus Algeriensis

The present study was carried out to determine, for the first time, the chemical composition and antibacterial activity of essential oils derived from the aerial parts of three aromatic plants Thymus algeriensis Boiss & Reut, Rosmarinus officinalis L., and Salvia officinalis L. growing under semiarid conditions. The essential oils were chemically analyzed and identified by gas chromatography (GC) and GC/ mass spectrometry (GC/MS) and their antimicrobial activity was individually evaluated against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa using both agar disk diffusion and agar dilution methods. The major constituents of Thymus algeriensis essential oil were identified as camphor (13.62%), 1,8-cineol (6.00%), borneol (5.74%), viridiflorol (4.00%), and linalool (3.93%). For Rosmarinus officinalis essential oil, 48 compounds were characterized, of which the main constituents were camphor (17.09%), Z-β-ocimene (10.88%), isoborneol (9.68%), α-bisabolol (7.89%), and borneol (5.11%). While, Salvia officinalis essential oil was characterized by β-thujone (16.44%), followed by viridiflorol (10.93%), camphor (8.99%), 1,8-cineol (8.11%), trans-caryophyllene (5.85%), and α-humulene (4.69%) as the major components. Notably, results from antibacterial screening indicated that Thymus algeriensis and Salvia officinalis essential oils exhibited a strong inhibitory effect against both Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus compared to Rosmarinus officinalis essential oil. Further, less activity was recorded against Pseudomonas aeruginosa for the three tested essential oils.

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