scholarly journals “The most prominent and at the same time most harmful”: D. D. Bokhan in Wilno (1921–1923)

Literatūra ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 10-22
Author(s):  
Pavel Lavrinec
Keyword(s):  
Early Years ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Literary Critic ◽  
Central State ◽  
Important Place ◽  
Literary Life ◽  
Russian Literary ◽  
State Archives ◽  
The City

Publicist, editor of periodicals, translator of Polish poetry, literary critic Dorofey Bokhan is an outstanding member of the Russian literary life of Minsk and Wilno. His biography in the Minsk period before the turn of 1919 and 1920 is generally well-known. But the Wilno period (1921–1939) has not been studied enough. The purpose of the study is to reconstruct the activities of Bokhan in Wilno in the first years after fleeing from the Bolshevik Minsk. The material for this study are newspapers in Russian, as well as documents of the Office of Government Commissar for the City of Wilno, Starostwo of Wilno and other institutions stored in the Lithuanian Central State Archives. The documents reveal a confusion about Bokhan’s year of birth: in some documents 1872 is indicated, in others – 1878. On the other hand, the date of Bokhan’s appearance in Wilno is discovered: he was registered at a new address on January 7, 1921. On the same day an edition of “Vilenskoe slovo” was released that included Bokhan’s first publication. Bokhan published articles, reviews, translations of Polish poetry in this newspaper. He also translated a poem by a young Belarusian poetess Natalia Arsenyeva and excerpts from the poem by a classic of Lithuanian literature Maironis “Young Lithuania”, as well as a poem by a Lithuanian poet Matas Grigonis. Bokhan translated Lithuanian poetry into Russian from Polish translations. Some of his articles were signed by the initials D. B., in some cases – N. Serebryansky. Feuilletons and poetic feuilletons were signed by the pseudonym Dodo and Vova Krutikov. The publication of the newspaper “Vilenskoe slovo” ceased in August 1921. In October of the same year, the “Vilenskoe utro” newspaper began to be published. The role of Bokhan in the newspaper was so great that the authorities considered him the actual editor, not the nominal editor Anatoly Romashev. In 1921, Bokhan became one of the leaders of the Wilno Russian society and headed the Literary and artistic section of the society. The literary and artistic section held numerous literary evenings. The authorities were suspicious of the patriotic character of the evenings. Reports on Russian culture were presented as a manifestation of disloyalty to the Polish state. The authorities saw Bokhan as “the most prominent and at the same time harmful” leader of the Russian press and the Wilno Russian society. Thus, in the early years of Bokhan in Wilno, he occupied an important place in the local Russian press and began to play a key role in Russian literary life. But due to conflicts in the Wilno Russian society in 1923, he withdrew from the society’s board and withdrew from participation in the Literary and artistic section.

scholarly journals Role of Housing Life-Support Technologies in the Development of Post-Urban Lifestyles

Upravlenie ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-73
Author(s):  
Дончевский ◽  
G. Donchevskiy ◽  
Ермишина ◽  
A. Ermishina ◽  
Клименко ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Activity ◽  
Empirical Investigation ◽  
Life Support ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Important Place ◽  
Concept Study ◽  
Empirical Verification ◽  
Activity Models ◽  
Urban State

The paper is devoted to a concept study and empirical verification of the hypothesis about existence and development of new post-urban lifestyles in Russian society, which are formed on the basis of industrial and urban state of life, but trying to overcome the urbanism limitations. The authors differentiate posturban representatives as down-shifters and up-shifters. Materials of conducted empirical investigation have demonstrated that innovative technological solutions and modern autonomous eco-friendly housing lifesupport technologies take an important place in post-urban representatives’ socio-economic activity models.

scholarly journals The Kyiv City Association of the Greeks: History and Modernity

2017 ◽  
pp. 248-272
Author(s):  
Vladyslava Piskizhova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Institutional Development ◽  
Intercultural Dialogue ◽  
Central State ◽  
Scientific Communities ◽  
National Minorities ◽  
Cultural Life ◽  
History Of ◽  
State Archives ◽  
Full Volume

The article is devoted to the history of the formation and activity of one of the first in the history of independent Ukraine public organizations of the national Greek community, i.e. the Kyiv City Association of the Greeks. After all, in today’s world, public associations of national minorities are an extremely important structural component of the civil society, which can play both a consolidating role and serve as a source of aggravation of interethnic conflicts. The grounds of the source base of the research were the materials of the current archive of this organization (the Statute, protocols of meetings, resolutions, agreements, etc.), part of which in 2017 was already transferred to the funds of the Central State Archives of public associations of Ukraine. However, up to now, these documents have not become available yet to the general public concerned. Taking this into consideration, we find it appropriate to publish some of them in the full volume as an annex to this research, especially those that most clearly highlight the main achievements of the organization in the development of national and cultural life of the Greek community of Kyiv and Ukraine in general, and show the dynamics of the establishment of the Ukrainian-Greek intercultural dialogue. Important information on the activity of the Kyiv City Association of the Greeks is found on the pages of its printed edition, the newspaper “Elpida”, as well as on the organization site operating since 2016. The importance of recording and systematization of information on the current institutional development of national minorities in Ukraine is preconditioned by the necessity to form a conscious evaluation of the role of associations of national minorities in the process of forming public associations and the establishment of national Ukrainian culture in opinion of public and scientific communities.

scholarly journals The Ukrainian People’s Gromada in the Civil War: Ukrainian Conservatives, Russian Statists, or Little Russian Patriots?

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anton Chemakin
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
Political Life ◽  
The Political ◽  
Central State ◽  
Economic Interests ◽  
Coup D'etat ◽  
Political Situation ◽  
Short Period ◽  
State Archives

This article is devoted to the Ukrainian People’s Gromada (UPG), the organization of Little Russian landlords which played a prominent part in the political life of Ukraine and South Russia during the Civil War. Ukrainian historiography treats the UPG as an organisation of Ukrainian conservatives and assigns it the key role in the Hetman coup d’état of April 1918. There is also a widespread opinion that the Gromada was dissolved immediately after Hetman P. P. Skoropadsky took power. This work aims to reconsider traditional views on UPG and, with reference to new archival sources, prove the following: the role of the Gromada in the coup d’état was exaggerated considerably; the UPG continued to exist after Skoropadsky took power; and one can doubt the “Ukrainian” nature of the organisation, despite its name. Based on Skoropadsky’s memoirs and the accounts of other witnesses, as well as some German sources, the author proves that the Gromada was not the leading force in the coup d’état, but only the organisation which prepared lists of candidates to be included in the new government. The sources kept in the Central State Archives of the Supreme Bodies of Power and Government of Ukraine and the Hoover Institution Archives that are devoted to the activities of the UPG from the summer of 1918 to the spring of 1919 have not been made public previously. After the directorate seized power, the leaders of the Gromada fled from Kiev to Odessa. There they took part in local political intrigues and tried to distance themselves from Hetman Skoropadsky and the project of the Ukrainian state. The UPG leaders, who had previously viewed themselves as Ukrainian “samostiyniks”, now proclaimed that they were not Ukrainians, but Little Russians and “Russian statists”. An attempt is made to analyse the reasons why UPG members moved from the Russian political camp to the Ukrainian one and back several times in a comparatively short period. Based on research in the field of “nationalism studies”, the author concludes that the Gromada members had traditional, pre-modern views on the nation (in this case as a corporation of Little Russian nobility), which, together with their desire to adapt to the ever-changing political situation and fight for their privileges and economic interests, made it possible for them to keep joining Russian and Ukrainian nationalists interchangeably without perceiving their actions as national treason. The study of this topic makes it possible to address the Little Russian nobility’s behaviour in the Civil War and their attempts to integrate into Ukrainian or Russian national projects.

Introduction

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Jack Copley
Keyword(s):  
Growth Model ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Financial Liberalization ◽  
Economic Restructuring ◽  
The State ◽  
The World ◽  
State Archives ◽  
The City ◽  
Political Backlash

This chapter introduces the concept of financialization, surveys the scholarly literature on this topic, and makes the case for this book’s novel contribution to these debates. It is widely recognized that the world economy has become financialized, yet the role of states in furthering this process has been underexamined. While many accounts point out that states were crucial in propelling financialization through policies of financial liberalization, these accounts tend to argue that the state did so either due to the lobbying power of financial elites and the influence of neoliberal norms or because policymakers were seeking to construct an alternative growth model based on financial accumulation. These two accounts of the role of states in spurring financialization—which can be termed interest-based and ideational explanations and functionalist explanations—fail to capture the reactive and ad hoc nature of the policymaking that resulted in financial liberalization. In the case of Britain, the agenda of financial liberalization in the 1970s and 1980s that propelled the City of London’s ascent was not chiefly driven by lobbying or ideology, nor was it intended to inaugurate a financialized growth model. Instead, by analysing declassified state archives, this book shows that policymakers pursued such policies as short-term measures to navigate through the stagflation crisis of that era. Financial liberalization was deployed in a messy fashion, either to postpone the worst effects of the crisis so as to maintain governing legitimacy, or to enact painful economic restructuring in a manner that shielded the state from political backlash.

scholarly journals The development of photography in Samara in the middle of the 19th – beginning of the 20th centuries

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 246-251
Author(s):  
Anastasiya Andreevna Androsova
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Political History ◽  
Central State ◽  
Cultural Life ◽  
Regional State ◽  
History Of ◽  
State Archives ◽  
The City

The paper deals with the development of photography in Samara and the Samara province during the period of the Samara province establishment to the beginning of the 20th century. The history of the photography as a technology is briefly presented. The paper also contains the data on the chronology of photo workshops appearance in Samara and the province as well as of the first photo business organizers. The author also describes methods of photography lovers organization in Samara at the turn of the 19th20th centuries. The main categories of photographs of the period under review are considered. Having appeared almost simultaneously with the establishment of the province, the photographic business in Samara became an integral part of cultural life at the beginning of the 20th century. Photography in pre-revolutionary Samara developed from individual wealthy citizens entertaining to the establishment of the Samara Photographic Society. By 1917 photographic establishments had spread throughout the Samara province and were accessible to most residents. The analysis of the photographic documents used allows us to say that the Samara photography of the period under review was dominated by photographic portraits and photographs, photographic postcards with views of the city. The paper is based primarily on documents and photographs of the Central State Archives of the Samara Region and the Samara Regional State Archives of Socio-Political History, most of which have not been included in scientific circulation.

scholarly journals Sources to the History of the Education Society ‘Prosvita’ in Sumy (1917-1918)

2019 ◽  
pp. 33-46
Author(s):  
Vyacheslav O. Artyukh ◽  
Hennadiy M. Ivanushchenko
Keyword(s):  
Local State ◽  
State Archive ◽  
Central State ◽  
Educational Work ◽  
Education Society ◽  
Cultural Life ◽  
History Of ◽  
The City ◽  
State Language

This work is dedicated to the publication and analysis of 15 previously unknown documents from the history of ‘Prosvita’ society during the Ukrainian Revolution (1917-1918). Some of the documents are now stored in the funds of the State Archive of Sumy Oblast and the Central State Archive of Supreme Authorities and Governments of Ukraine, the another section are newspaper publications in rare editions and a memoir. The contents of the documents testify that in Sumy the ‘Prosvita’ Society was established on April 9, 1917, and already on May 21 strongly declared itself, becoming the organizer of the Shevchenko festival. At the same time, the Society made proposals to name one of the city streets by the name of Taras Shevchenko, and erect a monument in memory of him. Sumy ‘Prosvita’ took an active part in the Ukrainianization of the local state administrations when the Hetman Pavlo Skoropadskyj was a ruler of Ukraine. At ‘Prosvita’, courses in Ukrainian Studies and Ukrainian were opened for civil servants, teachers, and all who were interested. In October 1918, during the discussion around the introduction of two state languages in Ukraine – the Ukrainian and Russian, congresses of the ‘Prosvita’ societies of Sumy district unambiguously had spoken in favor of the Ukrainian language as the only state language and a resolution was sent to Hetman Skoropadskyj. Also, ‘Prosvita’ constantly had organized literary meetings and concerts, lectures, most often in its premises. Here, the famous Ukrainian writer Hnat Hotkevych had lectured on the history of Ukraine from October 15, 1918. In addition, lectures on national issues here were read by Yakiv Mamontov, V. Kolomiets, Mykola Yukhnovsky. On October 3, 1918, a concert of the famous kobzar Ivan Kuchuhura-Kucherenko was scheduled in the premises of ‘Prosvita’. Also, theatrical activity was one of the main activities of ‘Prosvita’. Prosvita in Sumy had staged performances at the Korepanov Theatre, which they rented. A Ukrainian choir also performed at the ‘Prosvita’. In 1918, at the time of the Ukrainian State of Hetman P. Skoropadskyj, the most significant in the activity of Sumy ‘Prosvita’ was the opening by virtue of his efforts, Ukrainian grammar schools. Grammar schools were started to act in Sumy and in Nyzhnia Syrovatka and Yunakivka villages. The documents provided make it possible to carry out a reasoned reconstruction of national and cultural life in Sumy during the Ukrainian Revolution, they will undoubtedly interest historians and local historians and will stimulate further research in this direction, as they shed additional light on the history of cultural and educational work in Sumy, as well as wider the role of “Prosvita” in the processes of modern Ukrainian national formation. Keywords: Sumy, “Prosvita”, revolution, Ukrainianization, education, Ukrainian language, theatre, Taras Shevchenko.

scholarly journals GENRE SPECIFICITY OF MIKHAIL ALBOV’S DILOGY “OF PEOPLE «IN SEARCH OF THE CITY»”

2020 ◽  
pp. 145-150
Author(s):  
Galina I. Romanova ◽  
Kristina V Rizayeva
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Life Stories ◽  
Russian Literature ◽  
Late 19Th Century ◽  
Russian Literary ◽  
Literary Process ◽  
Static Character ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The City

Genre specifi cs of the stories «Lyol’ka’s Upbringing» and «A Day in the Vastness of Nature» by Mikhail Albov is considered. Historical-typological analysis of both works is given. Chronotope, type of plots, features of speech organisation in both stories, which are considered as a dilogy, are analysed. The overview characteristic of the existence of the genre of story in the Russian literary process is given, the exclusive affi liation of story genre to Russian literature is noted. Literary trends of the late 19th century are marked, the signifi cant role of the story genre in Russian literature in the 2nd half of the 19th century is indicated. Two traditions in determining the specifi cs of the story genre – by formal features and by meaningful characteristics - are noted. Mikhail Albov’s works general specifi city - the static character of heroes when repeatedly using the same names and life stories of characters in different works of the writer – is presented. The story «Lyol’ka’s Upbringing» by Mikhail Albov is characterised as storytelling traditional one for literature about suffering children, a conclusion about the writer’s creative perception of Fyodor Dostoevsky’s works is made. The story «A Day in the Vastness of Nature» by Mikhail Albov is defi ned as one unrelated to the story «Lyol’ka’s Upbringing» by plot. The article proves that the stories constitute a dilogy. Prevalence of psychology in portraying heroines of both stories is noted; the genre invariant of a story, characteristic of belles lettres of the last third of the 19th century, is identified.

scholarly journals A.A. Shcherbatov's role in the activities of the Moscow city duma on urban development (1863–1869).

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 53-67
Author(s):  
Anastasiia A. Zuieva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Method ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Central State ◽  
Docu Ments ◽  
Genetic Method ◽  
Urban Amenities ◽  
Moscow City ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The City

Introduction. A number of works are devoted to the study of the activities of the Mos-cow City Duma in urban landscaping in 1863–1869, but the reforms are described de-scriptively and the role of the Moscow mayor in this process is not highlighted. In turn, it is precisely his interest in improving the life of the city that is reflected in the quantity and quality of the implemented reforms of the Duma. There is a need to outline the terms of reference of the mayor, which will contribute to the effective implementation of reforms. Hence the interest in this problem. Materials and methods. The study is based on a number of sources, including: a) documents of the Office of the Moscow City General Duma, stored in the Central State Archives of Moscow; b) published documents of participants in the events; c) the regulatory legal acts of the Russian Empire; d) press materials, including journalism on the development of urban amenities and reports on the work of the Duma. The problem under study was already in the field of view of researchers [1; 2; 3; 4; 5; 6;]. One of the main researchers of the Moscow city Duma (1863–1869) is L.F. Pisarkova. In the field of her interests was the issue of vowel elections, determining the powers of the elected Duma and the role of A.A. Shcherbatov in the process of implementing key reforms of local self-government in Moscow. Also noteworthy are the collective Works of Komissarova S.A., koshkidko V.G., Solovyov K.A., as well as Zhukova L.A. and Romanov A.A., which contain a description of the Duma's reforms to improve the city of Moscow. The research methodology consists of: methods of documentary analysis of docu-ments, which made it possible to compare different documents on a specific issue, compare the available data and establish the essence of the reforms being carried out; the historical and genetic method, on the basis of which it was possible to identify the cause-and-effect relationships of the phenomenon under study and to determine the role of the Moscow mayor in the ongoing reforms; historical-comparative method, which made it possible to determine the difference in the state of development of the city before and after the reforms. Research results. An analysis of sources and historiography on the issue under study allowed us to determine the role of the Moscow mayor in enhancing the reform activi-ties of the Moscow City Duma, as well as to highlight the features of the leader's political behavior that contributes to the successful implementation of reforms.

scholarly journals The first trials of Sofia Military Field Court in the city of Pirot with death sentences

2021 ◽  
pp. 71-83
Author(s):  
Predrag Vidanović
Keyword(s):  
Second World War ◽  
Police Chief ◽  
Court Cases ◽  
Armed Groups ◽  
World War ◽  
Central State ◽  
Death Sentences ◽  
State Archives ◽  
The City ◽  
Second World

In the year when we mark the eighty years since the beginning of the Second World War, this study will endeavour to bring one segment of that period closer to the readers referring to the first armed groups of Pirot population which had armed conflict with the Bulgarian occupiers . The paper was written on the basis of the archived material and kept in the Central State Archives in Sofia. These are complete court cases based on which the entire activity of these groups can be seen such as their arrest and the court process itself which had all the legal characteristics. The first group which is dealt with in this paper, was later named in the local historiography as Partisan Group from Visok but was known amongst people as Dzadza's group. These Pirot patriots were written about in local historiography mainly on the basis of the transcripts of the original indictment , as well as on the basis of the narrations and memories of certain people. The novelty in this paper is only the prosecution of the accused who were sentenced to death by shooting. There is no information in the local historiography about the other partisan group mentioned in this paper. No connection was established between these groups although they were active in the same period and operated in different areas of Pirot region. The end of the paper gives the report of the regional police chief, which presents the view of the armed groups as seen by the Bulgarian authorities.

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