A.A. Shcherbatov's role in the activities of the Moscow city duma on urban development (1863–1869).

Introduction. A number of works are devoted to the study of the activities of the Mos-cow City Duma in urban landscaping in 1863–1869, but the reforms are described de-scriptively and the role of the Moscow mayor in this process is not highlighted. In turn, it is precisely his interest in improving the life of the city that is reflected in the quantity and quality of the implemented reforms of the Duma. There is a need to outline the terms of reference of the mayor, which will contribute to the effective implementation of reforms. Hence the interest in this problem. Materials and methods. The study is based on a number of sources, including: a) documents of the Office of the Moscow City General Duma, stored in the Central State Archives of Moscow; b) published documents of participants in the events; c) the regulatory legal acts of the Russian Empire; d) press materials, including journalism on the development of urban amenities and reports on the work of the Duma. The problem under study was already in the field of view of researchers [1; 2; 3; 4; 5; 6;]. One of the main researchers of the Moscow city Duma (1863–1869) is L.F. Pisarkova. In the field of her interests was the issue of vowel elections, determining the powers of the elected Duma and the role of A.A. Shcherbatov in the process of implementing key reforms of local self-government in Moscow. Also noteworthy are the collective Works of Komissarova S.A., koshkidko V.G., Solovyov K.A., as well as Zhukova L.A. and Romanov A.A., which contain a description of the Duma's reforms to improve the city of Moscow. The research methodology consists of: methods of documentary analysis of docu-ments, which made it possible to compare different documents on a specific issue, compare the available data and establish the essence of the reforms being carried out; the historical and genetic method, on the basis of which it was possible to identify the cause-and-effect relationships of the phenomenon under study and to determine the role of the Moscow mayor in the ongoing reforms; historical-comparative method, which made it possible to determine the difference in the state of development of the city before and after the reforms. Research results. An analysis of sources and historiography on the issue under study allowed us to determine the role of the Moscow mayor in enhancing the reform activi-ties of the Moscow City Duma, as well as to highlight the features of the leader's political behavior that contributes to the successful implementation of reforms.

Download Full-text

The Strategic Dimension of the Straits Area According to the New National Metropolitan Spatial Planning and to the European Space: Strategic Corridor Platform Project

Advanced Engineering Forum ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/aef.11.198 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 11 ◽

pp. 198-203 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Francesca Moraci

Keyword(s):

Metropolitan Area ◽

Urban System ◽

Constitutional Reform ◽

Strategic Vision ◽

Metropolitan City ◽

Metropolitan Cities ◽

Territorial Organization ◽

The Difference ◽

The City

For some time now, following the constitutional reform, the debate on the metropolitan city has been reignited. The topic has been at the centre of attention given that cohesion policies attribute to metropolitan cities a key role in planning and the constitutional reform seems to have given an answer to the spending review which wipes out the provinces and formally identifies the European Strategy under the form of a programmatic suitability of intermediate metropolitan level. This level should counterbalance the municipal egoism which provides a distorted interpretation of subsidiarity which has marked planning since the revising of Title V. Very few are acquainted with the implications and complexities of these entangled mechanisms which will fail if all conditions are not met whether they be effective, nominal or opportunity related. This explains why the term Metropolitan City is preferred to conurbation, agglomeration or metropolitan area. Metropolitan Area and City do not coincide the area is in a portion of territorial recognition which entails attractive and competitive factors, the city is identified as such only if within the territorial organization that explains why the creation of both must be ensured: the city must be promoted in terms of competition, with or without a demographic dimension, by fostering the shared political project and by creating relational and productive conditions to attract and offer services and what else is necessary. What makes the difference is how to build and what to build. The strategy and the role of the future Metropolitan City of Reggio Calabria and Messina stem from two different regulations and from the attempt to integrate interregional functions through the project I put forward: the strategic corridor platform of the Straits area. The platform is a non-confined territorial dimension which encompasses the two metropolitan cities and shares relational functions and understandings with the vast territory. It fully exploits the possibilities and available reforms in order to organize and provide the territory with competitive and functional dimensions so as to compete in Europe and in the Mediterranean. The prototype-project, the first part of the study has already been published, fosters an idea of governance and urban system which will devise, through future cohesion policies and multidimensional strategies, a single strategic vision of the territory able to dialogue at a local and Euro-Mediterranean level with the new scale economies and meet the challenges of 2020-2050. Without going into detail, the project proposes and organizes the intangible functions of the Area (new assets and networking) so as to satisfy the demand for services and infrastructures physical and non-physical (functional and international indicator).

Download Full-text

The Role of Professional Knowledge and Skills of Preschool Teachers in Building and Developing Partnerships with Parents / Uloga profesionalnih znanja i vještina odgojitelja u izgradnji i razvijanju partnerstva s roditeljima

Croatian Journal of Education - Hrvatski časopis za odgoj i obrazovanje ◽

10.15516/cje.v22i0.3910 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 ◽

Author(s):

Ivana Mavračić Miković ◽

Daria Tot

Keyword(s):

Lifelong Learning ◽

Preschool Teachers ◽

Preschool Teacher ◽

Collaborative Relationship ◽

Mutual Cooperation ◽

Knowledge And Skills ◽

Perceptions And Attitudes ◽

The Difference ◽

The City

Partnership is considered one among the most important factors in educationalwork. For its formation and improvements, appropriate competences are expected. Inthis research we seek to highlight the need to strengthen the professional knowledgeand skills of preschool teachers for building and developing partnerships with parentsseen as a higher form of collaboration. Therefore, the aim of this research was toexamine the perceptions and attitudes of parents and preschool teachers abouttheir mutual cooperation and partnership. The sample consists of 203 parentsand preschool teachers working in kindergartens in the City of Zagreb and ZagrebCounty. Hypotheses were set with regards to recognition or knowledge of cooperationand partnership concepts, the assessment of the role of preschool teachers as partnersby parents and preschool teachers in mutual cooperation and partnership, andthe assessment of the importance of cooperation through the participants’ ownresponsibility. Once the data was analysed, the obtained results showed that bothgroups of respondents did not consider the role of preschool teacher as partner asone that was the most important. Also, the results of the research have shown thatparents, but also preschool teachers, do not understand the difference between theconcepts cooperation and partnership. Although both parties have agreed on theimportance of a partnership or the collaborative relationship, there is also a smallnumber of participants who consider such a relationship irrelevant or less important.Keywords: cooperation; lifelong learning; parents; partnership; preschool teachers.-Partnerski odnos smatra se jednim od najvažnijih čimbenika odgojno-obrazovnogarada za čiju se izgradnju i unaprjeđenje očekuju odgovarajuće kompetencije. Uovom istraživanju želi se ukazati na potrebu osnaživanja profesionalnih znanjai vještina odgojitelja za izgradnju i razvijanje partnerstva s roditeljima kao višegoblika suradnje. Stoga je cilj istraživanja bio ispitati percepcije i stavove roditelja iodgojitelja o njihovoj međusobnoj suradnji i partnerskom odnosu. Uzorak čini 203roditelja i odgojitelja koji rade u vrtićima na području grada Zagreba i Zagrebačkežupanije. Postavljene su hipoteze koje se odnose na (pre)poznavanje pojmovasuradnje i partnerstva, procjenu uloge odgojitelja kao partnera od strane roditeljai odgojitelja u međusobnoj suradnji i partnerstvu te procjenu važnosti suradnjekroz vlastitu odgovornost sudionika. Rezultati dobiveni nakon analize podatakapokazuju da obje skupine ispitanika nisu ulogu odgojitelja kao partnera procijenilenajvažnijom. Također, rezultati istraživanja pokazuju da roditelji, ali i odgojitelji,ne shvaćaju razliku između pojmova suradnje i partnerstva. Iako su se obje stranesložile o važnosti partnerskoga/suradničkoga odnosa, postoji i manji broj onih kojismatraju takav odnos nevažnim ili manje važnim.Ključne riječi: odgojitelji; partnerstvo; roditelji; suradnja; trajno učenje.

Download Full-text

The Role of Vegetation in Reducing Anthropogenic CO2 in Bogor City

Agromet ◽

10.29244/j.agromet.32.1.42-50 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 32 (1) ◽

pp. 42

Author(s):

Ariesta Kusuma Wardhani ◽

Bregas Budianto ◽

Yon Sugiarto

Keyword(s):

Air Temperature ◽

Anthropogenic Activities ◽

Daily Basis ◽

Fuel Combustion ◽

Photosynthesis Rate ◽

Anova Test ◽

The Difference ◽

The City ◽

One Way Anova

Vegetation has a role in reducing CO2 from anthropogenic activities through photosynthesis. Fuel combustion is one of the activities that greatly contribute to CO2 emissions. As a city with many destinations, the possibility of CO2 emissions will increase in Bogor especially on holidays because of motorized vehicle from other cities. This research aims to determine the absorption capability of vegetation in Bogor City in reducing CO2 emitted from fuel combustion. We analyzed CO2 data for 2017 by day to obtain traffic levels in the city assuming that people mobility using vehicle was influenced by day. Then we separated CO2 data into slow and fast photosynthesis rate based on air temperature. We determined the absorption capability of vegetation at daily basis by calculating the difference between the min and the max of CO2 concentration divided by the min of CO2. Our results showed that the lowest CO2 level was in Sunday. On that day, the average air temperatur was high indicating the less CO2 concentration. Our one-way Anova test confirmed this finding. The finding revealed that the absorption capability of vegetation to reduce anthropogenic CO2 was still limited. To implement Bogor as green city, more vegetations and gardens are needed to balance an increased CO2.

Download Full-text

METHODS OF STIMULATION OF LABOUR DISCIPLINE AT SOVIET DEFENSE ENTERPRISES IN 1941–1945

Economic History ◽

10.15507/2409-630x.044.015.201901.091-102 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 91-102

Author(s):

Aleksandr N. Skripnik

Keyword(s):

Comparative Method ◽

Second World War ◽

Main Task ◽

Soviet Leadership ◽

Genetic Method ◽

Labor Discipline ◽

Archival Documents ◽

Moscow City ◽

Historical Comparative ◽

Second World

Introduction. The article is devoted to methods of maintaining labor discipline at enterprises of the Soviet industry. The relevance lies in the possibility of more fully assessing such an important component for the successful functioning of economy as labor discipline. The problem of maintaining labor discipline in the USSR during the Great Patriotic War is touched upon. The goal is to identify the main methods of maintaining labor discipline in Soviet enterprises during the wartime and evaluate their effectiveness. The main task of the paper is to analyze the archival documents, scientific monographs for revealing the main methods of management of enterprises to maintain discipline. Materials and Methods. The main materials in the study of the topic were the funds of the State Archive of the Russian Federation and the Moscow City Archive. The author used the historical-comparative method and the historical-genetic method. Results. The main arsenal of methods of maintaining discipline at enterprises in the USSR was revealed. Discussion and Conclusion. The data obtained allow us to understand the basic tools of the Soviet leadership in enterprises in the wartime and to improve our understanding of the functioning of the Soviet economy during the Second World War.

Download Full-text

Beyond the post-industrial city: Valuing and planning for industry in London

Urban Studies ◽

10.1177/0042098016668778 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 54 (14) ◽

pp. 3380-3398 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Jessica Ferm ◽

Edward Jones

Keyword(s):

Policy Framework ◽

Housing Crisis ◽

Critical Research ◽

Industrial City ◽

Advanced Economies ◽

Industrial Use ◽

The Difference ◽

Post Industrial ◽

The City

This paper examines the challenges that planners face if industry is to survive and thrive in a growing ‘post-industrial’ city. It examines London, where the difference between the value of land for residential and industrial use, and the pressure to address the housing crisis, is leading to the rapid loss of industrial land and premises. The paper first explores the role of industry in a high-value city such as London, arguing that trends in manufacturing in advanced economies are increasing the benefit for firms of an urban location, whilst at the same time, cities continue to need industry if they are to be economically and socially resilient, sustainable and vibrant. The paper then explores current approaches to planning for industry in London, identifying impacts of a policy framework that anticipates and plans for its decline. Finally, it focuses on the question of how to plan for a productive and inclusive city: we explore the arguments in favour of integrating industry into the urban fabric as well as the benefits of separating land uses and retaining employment land designations, and reveal how urbanists are divided. We argue that if London is to continue to prosper, and meet the needs of all Londoners, then we need to strategically and proactively plan for industry in the city, to experiment with innovative ways of integrating it with other city uses, whilst protecting land for industry, where required. We put forward a critical research agenda to effectively meet this challenge in the future.

Download Full-text

Implementation

Resource and Environmental Management ◽

10.1093/oso/9780190885816.003.0010 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 268-298

Author(s):

Bruce Mitchell

Keyword(s):

Environmental Management ◽

Policy Implementation ◽

Coastal Management ◽

Water Policy ◽

Successful Implementation ◽

Implementation Gap ◽

Effective Implementation ◽

Paulo State ◽

The Difference

Policies and plans for resource and environmental management are needed, but if not implemented, or implemented poorly, their value is reduced. Experience suggests that we often struggle to achieve effective implementation. In this chapter, the implementation gap is examined, with the aim being to identify what are known expectations for successful implementation of policies and plans, which obstacles frequently hinder implementation, and what capacity is required for effective implementation. Subsequently, the difference between programmed and adaptive implementation is examined, followed by discussion of the role of different partnership and stakeholder arrangements to facilitate implementation. Detailed case studies of coastal management in Japan and of water policy implementation in the São Paulo state in Brazil provide further insights. Bakti Setiawan and Dwita Rahmi, in their guest statement, review the role of bureaucracy, politics, and leadership in establishing a protected agricultural area in Yogyakarta, Indonesia.

Download Full-text

Financial aspects of the formation of the Provisional government police on the example of the Temnikovsky district of the Tambov province

Economic History ◽

10.15507/2409-630x.048.016.202001.042-052 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

pp. 42-52

Author(s):

Sergey V. Kistanov

Keyword(s):

Police Officers ◽

Main Task ◽

Central State ◽

Financial Problems ◽

Genetic Method ◽

Local Leadership ◽

Top Managers ◽

The Creation ◽

The Republic ◽

The City

Introduction. The article is devoted to the financial problems of creating a provisional government militia in the spring and autumn of 1917. The territory of the Temnikovsky district of the Tambov province was used as a platform. Materials and Methods. The materials of the Central state archive of the Republic of Mordovia were used to study the problem. When analyzing the materials, the author used the historical-genetic method and the micro-historical approach. Results. The main task of the study is to determine the financial problems created at the regional level during the creation of the police. By attracting new sources, it was possible to trace the amount of funding allocated by the Temnikovsky district and town authorities for the creation and operation of this important tool of public peace. It is noted that local authorities have not been able to positively resolve the issue of financing employees, even their top managers, because of the disorganization of the country’s financial system after the February revolution. It is also noted that the authorities are trying to remove some of their financial obligations and try to transfer them to the Central authorities. Discussion and Conclusions. The financial activities of the city and County authorities led from the very beginning to a shortage of personnel of the Temnikovsky militia. The further policy of the local leadership led to a gradual reduction in the number of town police officers by more than 2 times. By the autumn of 1917, it became clear that the reduced funding of police officers was not able to maintain their standard of living at an acceptable level, which led to the actual inability of the local police to protect the interests of the authorities in late 1917 and early 1918.

Download Full-text

Sources to the History of the Education Society ‘Prosvita’ in Sumy (1917-1918)

SUMY HISTORICAL AND ARCHIVAL JOURNAL ◽

10.21272/shaj.2019.i33.p.33 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 33-46

Author(s):

Vyacheslav O. Artyukh ◽

Hennadiy M. Ivanushchenko

Keyword(s):

Local State ◽

State Archive ◽

Central State ◽

Educational Work ◽

Education Society ◽

Cultural Life ◽

History Of ◽

The City ◽

State Language

This work is dedicated to the publication and analysis of 15 previously unknown documents from the history of ‘Prosvita’ society during the Ukrainian Revolution (1917-1918). Some of the documents are now stored in the funds of the State Archive of Sumy Oblast and the Central State Archive of Supreme Authorities and Governments of Ukraine, the another section are newspaper publications in rare editions and a memoir. The contents of the documents testify that in Sumy the ‘Prosvita’ Society was established on April 9, 1917, and already on May 21 strongly declared itself, becoming the organizer of the Shevchenko festival. At the same time, the Society made proposals to name one of the city streets by the name of Taras Shevchenko, and erect a monument in memory of him. Sumy ‘Prosvita’ took an active part in the Ukrainianization of the local state administrations when the Hetman Pavlo Skoropadskyj was a ruler of Ukraine. At ‘Prosvita’, courses in Ukrainian Studies and Ukrainian were opened for civil servants, teachers, and all who were interested. In October 1918, during the discussion around the introduction of two state languages in Ukraine – the Ukrainian and Russian, congresses of the ‘Prosvita’ societies of Sumy district unambiguously had spoken in favor of the Ukrainian language as the only state language and a resolution was sent to Hetman Skoropadskyj. Also, ‘Prosvita’ constantly had organized literary meetings and concerts, lectures, most often in its premises. Here, the famous Ukrainian writer Hnat Hotkevych had lectured on the history of Ukraine from October 15, 1918. In addition, lectures on national issues here were read by Yakiv Mamontov, V. Kolomiets, Mykola Yukhnovsky. On October 3, 1918, a concert of the famous kobzar Ivan Kuchuhura-Kucherenko was scheduled in the premises of ‘Prosvita’. Also, theatrical activity was one of the main activities of ‘Prosvita’. Prosvita in Sumy had staged performances at the Korepanov Theatre, which they rented. A Ukrainian choir also performed at the ‘Prosvita’. In 1918, at the time of the Ukrainian State of Hetman P. Skoropadskyj, the most significant in the activity of Sumy ‘Prosvita’ was the opening by virtue of his efforts, Ukrainian grammar schools. Grammar schools were started to act in Sumy and in Nyzhnia Syrovatka and Yunakivka villages. The documents provided make it possible to carry out a reasoned reconstruction of national and cultural life in Sumy during the Ukrainian Revolution, they will undoubtedly interest historians and local historians and will stimulate further research in this direction, as they shed additional light on the history of cultural and educational work in Sumy, as well as wider the role of “Prosvita” in the processes of modern Ukrainian national formation. Keywords: Sumy, “Prosvita”, revolution, Ukrainianization, education, Ukrainian language, theatre, Taras Shevchenko.

Download Full-text

UNKNOWN SEAL OF EMPEROR JUSTIN I (518-527) FROM SERDICA

THE UKRAINIAN NUMISMATIC ANNUAL ◽

10.31470/2616-6275-2021-5-188-196 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 188-196

Author(s):

Dochka Vladimirova-Aladzhova

Keyword(s):

Significant Role ◽

Clockwise Direction ◽

Bottom Left ◽

The Difference ◽

Gold Coins ◽

The City

The paper examines a seal of Emperor Justin I (518-527). It has the following description: Obverse: Beardless bust with a nimbus of Emperor Justin I, opposite, with a helmet and chlamys. Around the image an inscription in clockwise direction: N IVSТI NVSPPAVG = D(ominus) n(oster Justinus p(er)petus Aug(ustus) Reverse: Victoria standing across with a wreath in each hand, in the bottom left field a small So far there is not known bulla of this ruler from Bulgaria and because of that some questions arise when identifying the specimen from Serdica. The inscription on the newly discovered seal showed that the bulla belonged to Justin, but it is not clear if it is Justin I (518-527) or Justin II (565-578). The image on the obverse differs from the known images of Justin I and Justin II. It is smaller and occupies part of the nucleus, while in the published so far the size of the bullotirium is larger than the nucleus itself. The inscription of the copy from Serdica is clearly legible, but the letters and the image are small, which distinguishes this seal from the known so far. The difference is obvious also in the reverse, in which Victoria does not follow the model of the image from the molybdenums of Justinian I and Justin II, but her image is close to that of the seals of Anastasius I, and even could be said that it completely copies it. The characteristics of the seal, its inscription and images are different from the ones of the copies of Justin II, which is a serious reason to attribute it to the time of Emperor Justin I, which makes it currently unique of this type. Other evidence of life in Serdica from the time of Emperor Justin I (518 - 527) are the coins discovered. In Serdica the most numerous are the coins of 40 nummi, followed by those of 20 nummi, which are almost two times less than the large denomination. The number of the specimens of 10 and 5 nummi is equal, but is less than the number of the large denominations. As mints, the coins from Constantinople predominated, followed by coins from Nicomedia, Antioch and Cyzicus. Among the regular coins were found two imitations of folles of Justin I, which imitate the production of the mint of Constantinople from this period. These coins, found together with the official ones used in the Byzantine state, show that they were accepted by the financial authorities as a regular payment tool. Two gold coins of Justin I are discovered in Serdica I - a solidus found at the eastern fortress wall and a tremis from the excavations at the northeastern tower. The new seal of Emperor Justin I presented in the article and the coins discovered by this ruler in Serdica show the significant role of the city during this period.

Download Full-text

“The most prominent and at the same time most harmful”: D. D. Bokhan in Wilno (1921–1923)

Literatūra ◽

10.15388/10.15388/litera.2019.2.1 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 61 (2) ◽

pp. 10-22

Author(s):

Pavel Lavrinec

Keyword(s):

Early Years ◽

Russian Society ◽

Literary Critic ◽

Central State ◽

Important Place ◽

Literary Life ◽

Russian Literary ◽

State Archives ◽

The City

Publicist, editor of periodicals, translator of Polish poetry, literary critic Dorofey Bokhan is an outstanding member of the Russian literary life of Minsk and Wilno. His biography in the Minsk period before the turn of 1919 and 1920 is generally well-known. But the Wilno period (1921–1939) has not been studied enough. The purpose of the study is to reconstruct the activities of Bokhan in Wilno in the first years after fleeing from the Bolshevik Minsk. The material for this study are newspapers in Russian, as well as documents of the Office of Government Commissar for the City of Wilno, Starostwo of Wilno and other institutions stored in the Lithuanian Central State Archives. The documents reveal a confusion about Bokhan’s year of birth: in some documents 1872 is indicated, in others – 1878. On the other hand, the date of Bokhan’s appearance in Wilno is discovered: he was registered at a new address on January 7, 1921. On the same day an edition of “Vilenskoe slovo” was released that included Bokhan’s first publication. Bokhan published articles, reviews, translations of Polish poetry in this newspaper. He also translated a poem by a young Belarusian poetess Natalia Arsenyeva and excerpts from the poem by a classic of Lithuanian literature Maironis “Young Lithuania”, as well as a poem by a Lithuanian poet Matas Grigonis. Bokhan translated Lithuanian poetry into Russian from Polish translations. Some of his articles were signed by the initials D. B., in some cases – N. Serebryansky. Feuilletons and poetic feuilletons were signed by the pseudonym Dodo and Vova Krutikov. The publication of the newspaper “Vilenskoe slovo” ceased in August 1921. In October of the same year, the “Vilenskoe utro” newspaper began to be published. The role of Bokhan in the newspaper was so great that the authorities considered him the actual editor, not the nominal editor Anatoly Romashev. In 1921, Bokhan became one of the leaders of the Wilno Russian society and headed the Literary and artistic section of the society. The literary and artistic section held numerous literary evenings. The authorities were suspicious of the patriotic character of the evenings. Reports on Russian culture were presented as a manifestation of disloyalty to the Polish state. The authorities saw Bokhan as “the most prominent and at the same time harmful” leader of the Russian press and the Wilno Russian society. Thus, in the early years of Bokhan in Wilno, he occupied an important place in the local Russian press and began to play a key role in Russian literary life. But due to conflicts in the Wilno Russian society in 1923, he withdrew from the society’s board and withdrew from participation in the Literary and artistic section.

Download Full-text