scholarly journals JAPONIJOS, JAV IR LIETUVOS STUDENTŲ SUVOKTO STRESO IR AŠ EFEKTYVUMO PALYGINIMAS

Psichologija ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 59-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konstantinas Kononovas ◽  
Theodora Dallas
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Japanese Students ◽  
Cultural Orientations ◽  
Stress Levels ◽  
The Relationship

138 studentai iš trijų šalių (Japonijos (45), Lietuvos (50) ir JAV (43)) buvo apklausti, siekiant nustatyti, kaip skirtingų kultūrų žmonės suvokia stresą ir kaip patiriamo streso lygis susijęs su individo tikėjimu, kad pavyks pasiekti tikslą, bei su savo Aš efektyvumo vertinimu. Vadovautasi prielaida, kad skirtingos kultūros lemia skirtingą streso išgyvenimą, o stresą patiriantis žmogus vertina savo Aš efektyvumą dar ir priklausomai nuo jį supančios kultūros. Tiksliau tariant, kolektyvistas, t. y. kolektyvistinės kultūros atstovas, išgyvens didesnį stresą ir prasčiau vertins savo Aš efektyvumą, palyginti su tokią pat situaciją išgyvenančiu individualistu, t. y. individualistinės kultūros atstovu. Tyrimas parodė, kad JAV studentai, kaip didesni individualistai, geriau vertina savo Aš efektyvumą ir išgyvena mažesnį stresą nei Lietuvos studentai, gyvenantys bendruomeniškesnėje aplinkoje. Japonijoje atlikto tyrimo rezultatai taip pat parodė, kad japonų studentai, pačios bendruomeniškiausios iš tirtų tautos atstovai, išgyveno didžiausią stresą, prasčiausiai vertino savo Aš efektyvumą. Gauti duomenys rodo, kad gilinantis į Aš efektyvumo, suvokiamo streso ir kultūrinių orientacijų ryšį, būtų galima rasti atsakymą į klausimą, kaip skirtingose kultūrose gyvuojanti streso samprata padeda žmogui atlaikyti jo padarinius.Pagrindiniai žodžiai: kultūrinės orientacijos, individualizmas, kolektyvizmas, Aš efektyvumas, stresas. A cross-cultural comparisonof perceived stress and self-efficacy across Japanese, U.S. and Lithuanian students Konstantinas Kononovas, Theodora Dallas SummaryA sample of 138 university students across Japan (45), Lithuania (50) and USA (43) were surveyed in order to compare their cultural orientations, self-efficacy and perceived stress levels. It was predicted that cultural orientations might differently affect participants’ levels of perceived stress and self-efficacy. Specifically, collectivists would have higher levels of stress and lower levels of self-efficacy in comparison with individualists. This study found that US students scored higher on individualistic scales, self-efficacy, and lower on perceived stress. In contrast, Lithuanian students had lower results on individualistic scales, self-efficacy, and higher on perceived stress. Lastly, Japanese students had significantly different results in comparison with Americans and in some cases with Lithuanians, scoring higher on collectivistic scales, perceived stress, and lower on self-efficacy. The implications of these results require an explanatory examination of the relationship between self-efficacy, stress and cultural orientations.Keywords: cultural orientations, individualism, collectivism, self-efficacy, stress.

scholarly journals Perceived Stress Levels and Support of Student Disability Services

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Ardell ◽  
Peter Beug ◽  
Kayla Hrudka
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Students With Disabilities ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Disability Services ◽  
Additional Stress ◽  
Grade Point ◽  
Academic Factors ◽  
Stress Levels ◽  
The Relationship

Perceived stress of university students tends to be higher for students with disabilities compared to students without disabilities. Students with disabilities may therefore require campus support to manage additional stress they encounter. The current study investigated the relationship between students’ perceived stress levels and enrollment in university campus Disability Services for Students (DSS). Three groups of university students were studied: those without disabilities (n = 42), those with disabilities registered with DSS (n = 21), and those with disabilities not registered with DSS (n = 23). Three hypotheses were tested. First, students with disabilities would have higher overall perceived stress levels compared to students without disabilities. Second, students with disabilities who were not registered with DSS would experience a higher level of perceived stress compared to students with disabilities who were registered with DSS. Third, students with disabilities registered with DSS would have a similar level of perceived stress to students without disabilities. Student participants completed an online self-report survey containing the Perceived Stress Scale(Cohen, Kamarck, & Mermelstein, 1983). A one-way analysis of variance was conducted to investigate potential differences in perceived stress levels between the three groups. The results indicated that students with disabilities reported higher levels of stress compared to their peers without disabilities, yet DSS had no significant effect on perceived stress among students with disabilities. With these findings, we suggest that further research on the relationship between DSS and other academic factors, such as students’ grade point average, should be conducted.

scholarly journals Entrepreneurial Socialization and Psychological Capital: Cross-Cultural and Multigroup Analyses of Impact of Mentoring, Optimism, and Self-Efficacy on Entrepreneurial Intentions

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin M. Baluku ◽  
Leonsio Matagi ◽  
Khamisi Musanje ◽  
Julius Fred Kikooma ◽  
Kathleen Otto
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Employment Status ◽  
Psychological Capital ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intentions ◽  
Mediation Model ◽  
East African ◽  
Country Differences ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
African Sample

This study demonstrates that psychological capital is essential in the process of developing and strengthening entrepreneurial intentions. We specifically investigate the mediating roles of optimism and self-efficacy facets of psychological capital in the relationship between entrepreneurial mentoring and intentions. The study was conducted among 1,272 young persons from Germany and East Africa (Uganda and Kenya). These included 784 final year university students and 488 wage employed. A multigroup analysis was applied to test for the effects of employment status and country differences. Results indicate that mentoring, optimism, and self-efficacy are positively correlated with entrepreneurial intentions. Findings also supported the hypothesized-mediated mediation model that mentoring impacts on entrepreneurial intentions through optimism and self-efficacy. The association of entrepreneurial mentoring on intentions was higher among the Germany participants than in the East African sample as well as among the students compared with employed individuals. Practical and theoretical implications of our findings are discussed.

scholarly journals Career-decision making of university students: cross-cultural comparisons between Mongolia and Japan

2021 ◽  
pp. 57-67
Author(s):  
Dulguun Damdin ◽  
Toshiyuki Yamashita ◽  
Masami Ishihara
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
University Students ◽  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Career Decision ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
Career Decision Making ◽  
Japanese Students ◽  
Cultural Comparisons ◽  
University Performance

The purpose of this study was to examine and compare Mongolians (118 men and 252 women) and Japanese (158 men and 201 women) university students’ awareness related to their occupation and their motivations for entering university. The survey focused on the vocational motives, university performance/experiences, and motivations for entering university. The analyses showed that although Mongolian and Japanese students have similar occupational views, there are some cultural differences that can be mainly identified with the recent historic developments and social changes both the nations experienced (e.g socialistic era in Mongolia).

scholarly journals The Role of University Students’ General Self-Efficacy, Depression and Psychological Well-being in Predicting Their Exercise Behavior

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gözde Ersöz
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Stages Of Change ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Exercise Behavior ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
General Self Efficacy ◽  
Positive Effect

The aim of this research is to examine the relationship between exercise and general self-efficacy, depression, and psychological well-being of college students. Five hundred and twenty-two university students (nmale= 273; Xage= 23.33±4.36 and nfemale= 279; Xage=25.91±7.11) have participated in this research. The General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Physical Activity Stages of Change Questionnaire (PASCQ), and “Psychological Well-Being Scale (PWBS) have been applied to the sample group in this study. While differences in participants’ self-efficacy, depression, and psychological well-being levels with regard to the stage of changes in exercise are calculated with one way analysis of variance (ANOVA), the relationship between these ideas discussed in the research have been determined with Pearson Moments Product Correlation Analysis. According to the stages of exercise behavior, significant disparities have been found between participants’ level of self-efficacy, depression, and psychological well-being, and the relationship between those notions has been observed. According to the results, the participants’ general self-efficacy and psychological well-being levels were high and the depression levels were low when on advanced levels of exercise. In light of the findings obtained from this research, it has been concluded that continuity in exercise has a positive effect on psychological effects like general self-efficacy, depression and psychological well-being.

scholarly journals Mediators of Food Insecurity and Obesity in Female Heads-of-Household with Children

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Emily Havrilla
Keyword(s):  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Vulnerable Populations ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
The United States ◽  
Mediation Model ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Heads Of Household ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
General Self Efficacy

Background: The prevalence of obesity is a significant issue in the United States. Among vulnerable populations, obesity exists in the presence of household food insecurity; however the mechanisms of the relationship are not well understood. General perceived stress and general self-efficacy were evaluated as mediators of the relationship between food insecurity and obesity in female heads-of-household with children. Methods: A cross-sectional correlational design with mediation model testing was used. Subjects (N = 86) were recruited through convenience sampling. Data were collected using a demographic questionnaire, the Core Food Security Module (CFSM), the General Perceived Stress Questionnaire (PSQ), and the General Self-Efficacy Scale (SES). Body mass index and waist –to-hip circumference were calculated from measured data. Results: Significant relationships were found between food insecurity and general perceived stress, general perceived stress and obesity, and general self-efficacy and obesity. Mediation models’ testing was not completed due the lack of a significant correlation between food insecurity and obesity. Post hoc analysis was completed using bootstrapping and a revised mediation model process. Conclusion: General perceived stress and general self-efficacy are associated with obesity in female heads-of-household with children who are food insecure. Keywords: Food insecurity, Obesity, Stress, Self-efficacy, Vulnerable populations, Quantitative research, Socioeconomic factors

scholarly journals Mediation Effect of Resilience on The Relationship Between Self-Efficacy and Competitiveness Among University Students

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 279
Author(s):  
Kingston K.F. Moke ◽  
Calvin K.W. Chang ◽  
Kususanto Prihadi ◽  
Chee Leong Goh
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Personal Development ◽  
Attitude Scale ◽  
Mediation Effect ◽  
Bootstrap Confidence Interval ◽  
Resilience Scale ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Online Form

This study aims to evaluate the mediation role of resilience on the link between self-efficacy and competitiveness among university students in Malaysia. One hundred and thirty-six participants from several universities in Malaysia were recruited to respond to an online form consisted of the following scales: adapted versions of brief resilience scale from Smith et al, self-efficacy scale from Biemann, Kearney and Marggraf, and Personal Development Competitive Attitude Scale  from Ryckman, Hammer, Kaczor and Gold. Data was analyzed by using SPSS with PROCESS Macro and full mediation has been observed. Bias-corrected bootstrap confidence interval test indicated that the indirect effect of self-efficacy on competitiveness was significant and the Sobel test had confirmed the significance of the mediation. Further discussion, limitation and suggestion are discussed in the end of the paper.

scholarly journals Development and Validation of ICT Self-Efficacy Scale: Exploring the Relationship with Cyberbullying and Victimization

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 2867 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sadia Musharraf ◽  
Sheri Bauman ◽  
Muhammad Anis-ul-Haque ◽  
Jamil Malik
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Internal Consistency Reliability ◽  
Specific Measure ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Development And Validation ◽  
The Relationship

The purpose of this study was to develop and validate the ICT Self-Efficacy Scale and the association of cyberbullying and victimization with ICT self-efficacy. Sample 1 (436 university students) was used to identify the factor structure of the Scale, and sample 2 (1115 university students) provided the data to confirm the factor structure (CFA), and to compute the internal consistency reliability, and convergent validity of the scale. Findings demonstrate that the new scale is a reliable and valid domain-specific measure to assess ICT Self-Efficacy for university students. Suggestions for further research with the scale are provided.

Helicopter parenting and female university students’ anxiety: does parents’ gender matter?

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 417-430
Author(s):  
Hayley Love ◽  
Ming Cui ◽  
Jeffery W. Allen ◽  
Frank D. Fincham ◽  
Ross W. May
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Mediation Effect ◽  
Helicopter Parenting ◽  
Mediating Effects ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Gender Specific

This study examined two potential mechanisms, competence and self-efficacy, that might account for the relationship between helicopter parenting and anxiety symptoms among female university students, and whether any mediating effects differed by parent gender. Structural equation modelling of data collected from 473 undergraduate students showed that both competence and self-efficacy mediated the association between paternal helicopter parenting and female university students’ anxiety symptoms. No mediation effect was found for maternal helicopter parenting. A comparison between paternal and maternal effects revealed that they differed significantly from each other. Specifically, associations between helicopter parenting and female university students’ competence and self-efficacy were much stronger for fathers than for mothers. Implications of the gender-specific findings are discussed in this article, and their importance for prevention and intervention are highlighted.

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