Human Fundamental Upward Movement; Spiral Trajectory and Walking of 3D + 1D Space and Time

Background: There are few biomechanical studies on the physical transfer of a person lying on a floor or bed perpendicular to the direction of gravity. Basic biomechanics research can be an important source. This study aimed to analyze the biomechanical properties of the upward movement of the floor in the supine position. Methods: Healthy volunteers were recruited by snowball sampling. The movement from the supine position to upward movement on the carpet floor was repeated three times. The three procedures were analyzed with an 11 segments model using a 3D motion analysis Move Tr 3D (Library©) under the 4 CCD cameras. The analysis of the motion trace was examined. The movement of the reflection marker with respect to the Z-axis was analyzed with the vertical direction of the gravity as the Z-axis. It was observed from the XY plane, XZ plane, ZY plane, and how many dimensions the reflection marker took was analyzed. Results: Five healthy volunteers (Medium age 27 years, Female) who received written consent to the study were investigated. A spiral motion was observed in the trajectory of all reflection markers. A walking motion was observed in which the right and left sides of the body alternately swam to the back. Each reflex marker body site was moving headward as if contacting the floor with either the left or right side having 0 to the vertical Z-axis of gravity; the opposite left or right side walked with repeated movements floating from the floor and raising the Z coordinate. 3D Space + 1D time were observed in the human fundamental upward movement. Conclusion: The Human Fundamental Upward Movement on the floor was observed Spiral Trajectory and the Walking of 3D+1D Space and Time. KEYWORDS: Human Fundamental Movement, Upward movement, Positioning Change, Transfer, Biomechanics

Difference between Metaphysics and Physical Applications; Comparison of Classical and New Patient Positioning

Background: The linkage between metaphysics and applied physics is the key to creation. Realization of theories and concepts applied to nursing practice into technology is a theme in any age. This study compares the classical and new Patient Positioning in Nursing skills, which is clarified in the study comparing nursing textbooks worldwide in main countries and clarifies the difference of the academic concept metaphysically. Methods: Design analysis charts were used by the researcher and analyzed until theoretical saturation based on textbooks, papers, and expert opinions. Differences are drawn using figures of abstraction and realization. Results: The classical technique was an ergonomic technique considering the convenience of the nurse with the purpose concept of prevention for pressure ulcers and physical transfer. The new technology focuses that patients move by themselves, and the nursing side was only the assistant role. The technology with the purpose concept realized the support of physical, mental, and social aspects. Conclusion: Traditional Patient Positioning’s are skills with two concepts and patterns, and new ones are individual and comprehensive creations with different concepts. The working energy (J) in changing positions has been traditionally provided by nurses or Transfer Devices, not patients, but the new practice is performed by patients themselves, and nurses are the supporters of the process. KEYWORDS: Innovation,Design, Abstraction, Concreteness, Metaphysics

Assimilation and Acculturation in Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander (NHOPI) Health and Well-Being

Our recent scoping review revealed a general scarcity of Native Hawaiian and other Pacific Islander (NHOPI) research, and a disproportionately high number of studies on different interpretations of “culture.” Because this area appears to be significant in NHOPI health and well-being, we examined the applicability and effect of assimilation and acculturation on this population. The literature suggests that NHOPI assimilation is not pervasive, given wide-spread, even institutionalized discrimination and bias in housing and employment. NHOPI may also resist assimilation for a variety of reasons, including ethnic and national pride. Knowing how acculturation may improve or compromise NHOPI health and well-being is constrained by a lack of studies on traditional modalities and practices compared against Western or non-indigenous methods. Moreover, even if we could unequivocally identify health disparities that arise from low assimilation or “bad” acculturation, forced assimilation and acculturation into the dominant culture may be both unethical and ineffective. Assimilation and acculturation constructs also seem inadequate in addressing NHOPI health disparities caused by structural and social barriers. NHOPI cultural and physical assimilation may be challenging, due to differences in race, socioeconomic status, and distinguishing traditions. For many NHOPI, acculturation may even be irrelevant. A highly acculturated indigenous person, for example, may still encounter the same discrimination, racism and challenges as a low-acculturated peer. Common acculturation models are also limited in that they do not reveal factors that predict specific negative outcomes, nor do they offer exact solutions. In addition, there is no universal consensus on acculturation’s indicators, measures and proxies. However, the following three processes in acculturation seem significant in NHOPI health and well-being. Ghettoization induced by living on an island with relatively poor infrastructure and limited resources and opportunities may in itself compromise health and introduce health disparities. Even those NHOPI who have left their island homelands may experience isolation in poor and underserved neighborhoods due to social and economic factors. NHOPI may also pursue separation by maintaining traditional behaviors and practices, and reject those from the dominant culture, even if more effective and beneficial. Keywords: Native Hawaiian, Pacific Islander, NHOPI, health disparities, assimilation, acculturation, enculturation, NHOPI culture, separation, isolation, marginalization, ghettoization

Comparison of Perceived Requirements for Maternal Delivery between Medical versus Nursing Students

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the perceptions of intervention and levels of care required for maternal delivery between medical and nursing students. The differences in perceived practices were then considered in relation to health care approaches explored in either the medical or nursing professions. Methods: The number of individuals surveyed in this study included 98 (6th year) medical students and 78 (4th year) nursing students in the Oita University’s Faculty of Medicine. Out of the total 98 medical students recruited to participate in the study, 20 of them did not agree the survey. On the other hand, among the total 78 nursing students recruited, like their peers in medicine, 10 did not agree, whereby, only 68 nursing students were participated. As a result, the final rate of valid responses is 82.9% (78+68/98+78=146/176) as shown in (Table 1). The survey questionnaires were completed anonymously during the three months from August to October in 2014. The topics surveyed included the necessity or not of procedures used in delivery and types of care extended on delivery for mothers or their partners, or awareness for natural childbirth. The ethics committee of the university approved the study. Results: In the survey of medical care and treatment for delivery, the number of medical students who desired lithotomy position and the use of oxytocin under the direction of obstetricians were significantly larger than that of nursing students (Table 2. Question No.9, No. 13, P=0.0001). As for the importance of the quality of the delivery experience in relation to the decision of birth place (P=0.0001, Table 2, Question No 2, Table 7, Question No. 2), and comfortable labor position using a location other than the childbirth table (P=0.0001, Table 2, Question No. 4), the number of nursing students was significantly higher than that of medical students. In accordance with the effective and recommended guidelines in “Care in normal birth: A practical guide (WHO1996)”, the authors highlighted survey questions that included consideration of “Planning of childbirth together with a partner”. This survey approach also included “Information for choice of birth place”, Respect for decisions as to who should be accompanying on childbirth and “Comfortable labor position or favorite birth or delivery places other than the childbirth delivery table.” (1) The ratio of medical students significantly supports that birth plan should be decided with partner was higher when compared with nursing students (Table 7. P=0.017). (2) As for information for choice of birthplace, more nursing students significantly support that birth place should be consented as compared with medical students (Table 7. P=0.0001). (3) More nursing students significantly support the person accompanying on delivery (Table 7. P=0.048). (4) Both nursing students and medical students agree with “Comfortable labor position or favorite delivery or birth places other than the childbirth delivery table” (Table 7. P=0.006) Table 8 has shown no recommendation by WHO such as enema, shaving, preventive vascular access, conventional lithotomy position. No such difference could be seen between both the medical students and nursing students as in Table 4. Consequently, the medical students indicated that higher preference for more medical treatment including promotion of delivery due to oxytocin treatment and lithotomy position was necessary compared to the nursing students’ expression of such desirability of the approach. Conclusion: The study showed a significant difference in the perceived requirements for child birth or delivery between medical students and nursing students. The main differences are suspected to be due to differences in the educational programs and backgrounds which both the medical students or nursing students received while studying and training for their respective professions.

Predictors of Academic Success in Baccalaureate Nursing Students: Is ATI TEAS Predictive

The population of the U.S. is aging, and the prevalence of chronic diseases is increasing. By 2030 the elderly population of the United States will be twice that of the current senior population, and the national demand for Registered Nurses (RNs) is expected to grow by approximately 21%. Nurses make up the single largest health profession in the United States. The nursing workforce is also aging. The average age of a registered nurse is 48.8 years old. Fifty percent of RNs are age 50 or older, and 12.4% are age 65 or older [1]. The problem is clear; unless more registered nurses enter the field, a critical nursing shortage will exist. The most distressing factor related to the predicted nursing shortage is the number of students who choose a career in nursing, enroll in a program, and fail to graduate, or graduate and fail to pass the NCLEX-RN on the first attempt. The purpose of this study was to determine whether there is a predictive relationship between academic success in baccalaureate nursing students and essential academic skills of reading, English, math, and science. Using a retrospective, correlational study design, the research revealed that there are indeed predictors of academic success.

An Art Intervention to Promote Comfort with Veterans in Long Term Care: From Not Significant (Ns) To Significance

Objectives: The study objective was to promote hospitalized veterans’ comfort through an art intervention (AI). Kolcaba’s comfort theory guided the study. Sample and setting: Researchers recruited residents from a Community Living Center (CLC) at Miami Veterans Administration Healthcare System (MVAHS). Nurse researchers and recreational therapists collaborated to deliver the AI. Methods and variables: A quasi-experimental pre-post-test design tested the AI on veteran comfort, depression, and social connectedness. Results: Over six-months, staff identified 81 residents as appropriate to recruit for the study. Fifty-one males and 10 females (ages 26-95) agreed (75% response rate). Due to data collection challenges, residents’ cognition, time constraints, disabilities, and respondent burden, only 18 sets of usable pre-post data were available for analysis (ns results). Implications for nursing: The AI was “significant” to many other participants (n = 160) who were unable or unwilling to complete the research instruments. The most popular AI activity, the monoprint, has been “adopted” by recreational therapists and suggested to enhance communication with oncology patients. Kolcaba’s comfort theory will continue to be promoted during art activities on CLC I and II with extension of art activities to the bedside of CLC III Hospice residents. Keywords: Veterans, Art, Intervention, Comfort, Long Term Care

The Ethics of Teaching in the Clinical Arena

Clinical practicum forms an important component in undergraduate nursing education and involves clinical nurse educators who are primarily involved in teaching student nurses. Twelve clinical nurse educators participated in this grounded theory study, and these participants taught in a number of undergraduate nursing programs in a large metropolitan city in Ontario, Canada. The results from this study revealed four important concepts that underpinned their teaching and, in this article, the author explains one foundational concept: The ethics found in the pedagogical practices of clinical nurse educators. This result provides a deeper and broader understanding of the ethical issues that clinical nurse educators encounter in their teaching practice, how these considerations contribute to student learning and some of the challenges that they encounter in the clinical arena.

Utility of Kiken Yochi Training (KYT) in Fall Risk Prediction

Background It is possible to increase the sensitivity of risk prediction to attempt to prevent medical accidents. Kiken Yochi Training (KYT) is widely used to increase the sensitivity of risk prediction in Japan. This study aims to investigate the utility of KYT in fall risk prediction. Materials and Methods The sensitivities of 78 nurses were compared before and after KYT and 1 year after the training was provided. The sensitivity was measured as the number of items reported, that were related to the risk of fall. Analysis of variance and multiple comparison tests were used, and the number of fall-related items reported before and after KYT was evaluated using Pearson’s correlation analysis. Results The number of items reported after KYT was significantly greater than the number before the intervention (p <0.01). Conversely, the number of items reported one year after KYT was significantly lower than that immediately after the intervention (p <0.05). In addition, a weak significant correlation was observed in the number of items reported before and after KYT. Conclusion It was suggested that KYT increased sensitivity to predicting fall risk. It showed sustained effect on risk prediction one year later. Therefore, KYT is considered to be an effective way to increase risk sensitivity. Keywords: KYT, Fall Risk Prediction

Healthcare Professional’s Burnout and Measures to Alleviate Occupational Stress and Depression

Recent studies have indicated that high levels of stress, emotional fatigue, and depression significantly affect the work competency of healthcare professionals; and that more than a third of healthcare professionals across the world report one or more symptoms of burnout. Yet being in a field that requires urgency and long hours, it becomes imperative to develop strategies to alleviate such issues while improving the healthcare services offered to patients. The purpose of this literature review and analysis is to highlight how healthcare professional burnout occurs, explore measures to remediate these issues, and how meditation, as a stress reliever, is an effective method to reduce stress and anxiety levels among healthcare providers. Keywords: Burnout, Stress, Depression, Meditation, Cortisol