scholarly journals “Dostoevsky Schools” in the Russian Press

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 206-241
Author(s):  
Anastasia Proshchenko
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Educational Institution ◽  
Public Attitude ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Press ◽  
History Of

The article analyzes newspaper and magazine materials about schools named after F. M. Dostoevsky (1881‒1917). Most of the publications concern the history of the parish school in Staraya Russa, but the authors found out that at the turn of the 20th century several more attempts were made to open an educational institution in memory of the writer, namely in Kiev and Kazan provinces. The article provides a brief overview of the history of other schools that ever bore the name of F. M. Dostoevsky (Shkid in Petrograd, a gymnasium in Harbin, a school in Dostoevo, school No. 2 in Staraya Russa, school No. 1148 in Moscow). During this period, the press began a broad discussion of the idea of perpetuating the writer’s memory by opening public schools named in his honor; thanks to the initiative of “Novoe Vremya” newspaper, a fundraising campaign was initiated to establish the first school in Staraya Russa. The accents and assessments of the Russian press are of particular value: they are an expression of both the public attitude towards F. M. Dostoevsky, and a means of preserving the nation's memory of him. The press materials allow to track the attitude of people to the heritage of F. M. Dostoevsky and to establish the motives that inspired representatives of various social strata to donate funds for the construction of schools in memory of the writer. The following sources are used as a foundation: chronicles, reports and other texts from the newspapers “Novoe Vremya,” “Moskovskie Vedomosti,” “Kazansky Telegraph,” “Nedelya,” “Volzhsky Vestnik,” “Starorusskaya Pravda,” “Volkhovsky Listok,” “Kazanskie Gubernskie Vedomosti”; articles from the magazines “Istorichesky Vestnik,” “Novgorodskiye eparhialnye Vedomosti,” and others.

Vladikavkaz Nikolaev School

2021 ◽  
pp. 50-56
Author(s):  
Lana К. Khubaeva
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
Educational Institution ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
World War ◽  
Central State ◽  
The Public ◽  
The First World War ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Republic ◽  
First World

The article is devoted to the Vladikavkaz city Nikolaev school, which was opened in 1874. Documents preserved in the fund of the Public Schools Directorate of the Central State Archive (CSA) of the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania indicate that the school was a male educational institution and the name of the school was named after Nikolai Ugodnik. The school was originally a four-year school, later, in 1897, it was transformed into a six-year school. It was subordinate to the Ministry of Public Education and the Directorate of public schools in the Terek region. On November 3, 1895, the Society for Aid to the Poorest Students of the Vladikavkaz Nikolaev School was officially registered at the school. The fact of the creation of such a Society testifies to the fact that the school was not intended exclusively for children of privileged classes. The October Revolution made great changes in the educational system established by this period. Many schools have ceased to function. The same fate befell the Nikolaev School, but not immediately. The educational institution managed to prepare several generations of graduates who continued their education in higher educational institutions before and post-revolutionary Russia. The Nikolaev school entered the history of Vladikavkaz as a source of enlightenment, thanks to which dozens of young people who did not live not only in Vladikavkaz, but also those who entered here from remote areas of the region received education. The school existed until 1921, having survived two Russian revolutions and the period of the First World War.

scholarly journals DAYAH AND MEUNASAH IN ACEH: REFORM IN LOCAL CONTEXT

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-40
Author(s):  
Moch. Khafidz Fuad Raya
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Educational Institution ◽  
Local Context ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Peace Agreement ◽  
Historical Texts ◽  
The People ◽  
History Of

  The history of Islamic education in the early 20th century led to various changes, especially the emergence of madrasas as an Islamic schooling system. Traditional Islamic educational institutions inevitably have to harmonise and open themselves to transformation, even though they initially experienced opposition. Using a qualitative approach with a narrative documentation method based on historical texts and observations in several Islamic educational institutions in Aceh, this article focuses on revealing the history of the dayah and meunasah as a traditional Acehnese Islamic educational institution that underwent some fundamental changes. The results found: First, the existence of the dayah is more long-term than the meunasah even though both forms of this institution are rooted in the same ideological principles with different patterns, seen from the early 20th century until implementing sharia law in Aceh after the Helsinki peace agreement, the dayah was still existed by maintaining its institutional form. Second, the emergence of madrasas as a formation of the government’s political policy on the social conditions of the people that occurred has provided space for traditional Islamic educational institutions (such as the dayah) to open themselves to including general subjects, although this second result has led to struggles; Third, there is a contestation between dayah, Islamic schools, and madrasas, with public schools driven by traditionalist and modernist groups in maintaining their existence. The contest has opened the history of the dayah and meunasah into the form of public schools and madrasas in the future, both of which apply Islamic religious material, where public schools are superior to madrasas in terms of curriculum, educational programs, and human resources.

scholarly journals “Liberating the Small Devils”: Red Guard Newspapers and Radical Publics, 1966–1968

2021 ◽  
Vol 246 ◽  
pp. 354-373
Author(s):  
Nicolai Volland
Keyword(s):  
Public Sphere ◽  
Cultural Revolution ◽  
Early Research ◽  
Test Case ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Press ◽  
History Of ◽  
Red Guard ◽  
And Function ◽  
Chinese Public

AbstractRed Guard newspapers and pamphlets (wenge xiaobao) were a key source for early research on the Cultural Revolution, but they have rarely been analysed in their own right. How did these publications regard their status and function within the larger information ecosystem of the People's Republic, and what is their role in the history of the modern Chinese public sphere? This article focuses on a particular subset of Red Guard papers, namely those published by radical groups within the PRC's press and publication system. These newspapers critiqued the pre-Cultural Revolution press and reflected upon the possible futures of a new, revolutionary Chinese press. Short-lived as these experiments were, they constitute a test case to re-examine the functioning of the public in a decidedly “uncivil” polity. Ultimately, they point to the ambiguous potential of the public for both consensus and conflict, liberation and repression, which characterizes the press in 20th-century China.

The 1912 Duma Elections: The State, the Opposition and the Clergy

Orthodoxia ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 111-124
Author(s):  
F. A. Gayda
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Election Campaign ◽  
Difficult Situation ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Press ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Church

This article deals with the political situation around the elections to the State Duma of the Russian Empire in 1912 (4th convocation). The main actors of the campaign were the government, local administration, liberal opposition and the clergy of the Orthodox Russian Church. After the 1905 revolution, the “official Church” found itself in a difficult situation. In particular, anti-Church criticism intensified sharply and was expressed now quite openly, both in the press and from the rostrum of the Duma. A consequence of these circumstances was that in this Duma campaign, for the first time in the history of Russian parliamentarianism, “administrative resources” were widely used. At the same time, the authorities failed to achieve their political objectives. The Russian clergy became actively involved in the election campaign. The government sought to use the conflict between the liberal majority in the third Duma and the clerical hierarchy. Duma members launched an active criticism of the Orthodox clergy, using Grigory Rasputin as an excuse. Even staunch conservatives spoke negatively about Rasputin. According to the results of the election campaign, the opposition was even more active in using the label “Rasputinians” against the Holy Synod and the Russian episcopate. Forty-seven persons of clerical rank were elected to the House — three fewer than in the previous Duma. As a result, the assembly of the clergy elected to the Duma decided not to form its own group, but to spread out among the factions. An active campaign in Parliament and the press not only created a certain public mood, but also provoked a political split and polarization within the clergy. The clergy themselves were generally inclined to blame the state authorities for the public isolation of the Church. The Duma election of 1912 seriously affected the attitude of the opposition and the public toward the bishopric after the February revolution of 1917.

scholarly journals Hebrew, Hebrews, Hubris?: Diagnosing Race and Religion in the Time of COVID-19

Religions ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 1020
Author(s):  
Richard Newton
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Thought Experiment ◽  
Vaccine Hesitancy ◽  
The Public ◽  
Working Paper ◽  
History Of ◽  
Race And Religion

This thought experiment in comparison ponders a Black man’s conviction that his Hebrew identity would make him immune to COVID-19. Surfacing the history of the claims and the scholar’s own suspicions, the paper examines the layered politics of identification. Contra an essentialist understanding of the terms, “Hebrew” and “Hebrews” are shown to be classificatory events, ones imbricated in the dynamics of racecraft. Furthermore, a contextualization of the “race religion” model of 19th century scholarship, 20th century US religio-racial movements, and the complicated legacy of Tuskegee in 21st century Black vaccine hesitancy help to outline the need for inquisitiveness rather than hubris in matters of comparison. In so doing, this working paper advances a model of the public scholar as a questioner of categories and a diagnostician of classification.

scholarly journals State Supervision of the Periodicals Distribution System in Russia in the Early 20th Century

2021 ◽  
pp. 16-22
Author(s):  
Е.Н. Крылова
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Train Station ◽  
The Public ◽  
State Supervision ◽  
History Of ◽  
Newspaper Distribution ◽  
The Government ◽  
History Of Journalism

В статье затронут малоизученный аспект государственного контроля за системой распространения периодических изданий в России на примере столичных городов в начале ХХ века. Цель исследования — выявить основные каналы распространения столичных газет в начале ХХ века и определить механизмы государственного контроля за системой дистрибуции периодической печати. На основе имеющихся архивных источников автор приходит к выводу, что основными каналами распространения столичной прессы были подписка, розничная продажа в разнос и в магазинах и на железных дорогах. К началу Первой мировой войны система дистрибуции периодических изданий постепенно менялась. Нормативные акты, принятые в конце XIX века, уже не позволяли эффективно контролировать распространение информации, а правительственные меры предпринимались запоздало или были незначительны. Существовавшая система государственного контроля за системой дистрибуции не могла оперативно реагировать на кризис, что способствовало распространению нежелательной для правительства информации среди населения, в том числе запрещенной литературы. Полученные результаты могут быть использованы в первую очередь при подготовке общих курсов по истории России, чтении курсов лекций и спецкурсов по истории журналистики. The article treats some under-investigated issues associated with the state supervision of the periodicals circulation and distribution system in Russia in the early 20th century. The aim of the research is to study the main channels of capital newspapers circulation and distribution in the early 20th century and to identify the mechanisms of state supervision of the periodicals distribution system. The analysis of archival materials enables the author to conclude that capital newspapers were distributed via subscription, retailing, train station retail, and delivery. During the pre-war period, the system of newspaper distribution was undergoing gradual changes. Normative acts issued in the late 19thcentury were no longer enough to efficiently control the spread of information; state measures were often insufficient and untimely. The existing system of state supervision of newspaper distribution failed to respond to the crisis, therefore the public had an access to information the government wished to conceal and to literature that was forbidden. The validity of the results of the research will be recognized by lecturers, by teachers who conduct Russian history classes, by teachers conducting classes in the history of journalism.

scholarly journals The Madrasa in Indonesia (Authority, Knowledge and Discourse Surrounding its Development)

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 231
Author(s):  
Syamsul Kurniawan ◽  
Muhammad Miftah
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
Educational Institution ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
West Kalimantan ◽  
National Education ◽  
The Public ◽  
Sociological Approach ◽  
The Poor ◽  
National Education System

<p class="06IsiAbstrak"> </p><p class="06IsiAbstrak">The focus of this paper is the madrasa in Indonesia and its development which is examined from the perspective of Michel Foucault regarding their authority, knowledge and discourse.<strong> </strong>The madrasa’s performance, which is still relatively low and unable to compete with public schools or pesantrens (Islamic Boarding Schools), will be examined from this perspective. This paper departs from the study of literature with a historical-sociological approach. The sources of the data come from the literature related to the history and development of madrasas. From Foucoult's perspective, the performance of the madrasa--which in its development shows a decline trend and is of relatively low quality and less competitive compared with general schools or pesantrens-- is closely related to power, knowledge and discourse factors. My argument is supported by the evidence that there is no an established “blueprint” for the supervision and development of madrasas in Indonesia, in contrast to schools or pesantrens. Likewise, the problem of interplay of madrasa policies in the integration of the national education system has put the madrasa in the midst of domination of schools and pesantrens, especially in the midst of society since the appreciation and level of community participation in the madrasa are not very encouraging. In addition, there is an opinion among the public which perceives the madrasa as the second educational institution after schools or pesantrens. This opinion is, of course, supported by empirical data, such as research from Nur Hamzah (2017) and Sukino (2017) which examined the madrasas in West Kalimantan Province, and revealed the poor quality of some madrasas in this area, which in my opinion is the "top of the iceberg" of the madrasa, especially in the outermost, interior and underdeveloped areas of Indonesia.</p>

History of the Press in Equatorial Guinea in the 20th Century: Periodicals Published in Equatorial Guinea 1901–2000

2015 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. vii-xxix
Author(s):  
Carlos González Echegaray
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Equatorial Guinea ◽  
Recent History ◽  
The Press ◽  
Bibliographic Data ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Parallel Action

No one today doubts that the press is an essential tool to know and understand recent history of countries and nations. And not just from the standpoint of politics and economics but also of everyday life, reflected in these types of publications, sometimes undervalued by historians and others. The evolution of the press in developed countries has been the subject of several studies. A parallel action is needed for the still recently established African states, paying special attention to the post-independence period. For this research an inventory of the titles of those publications is essential, as well as bibliographic data that can be documented.

Accountability, the Public, and Public Schools

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah M. Stitzlein
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
Public Goods ◽  
Progressive Era ◽  
John Dewey ◽  
The Public ◽  
Citizen Support ◽  
History Of ◽  
Shared Benefit ◽  
Key Aspects ◽  
Important Basis

I begin by laying out the shifting context of public schools and the citizens and democracy they serve. I ground my discussion in a theory of participatory democracy influenced by the ideas of Progressive Era philosopher of education John Dewey and contemporary political theorist Benjamin Barber. I provide that theory as both a foil to analyze contemporary changes in democracy and a guide for how we might respond to and, at times, resist them. I then trace the history of educational accountability to illuminate key aspects of the current accountability crisis. Finally, I define the public and public goods, an important basis for my call to revitalize citizen support for public schools insofar as these concepts show us how schools not only serve as a shared benefit, but also are established and protected as such through our shared efforts.

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