scholarly journals Atypical Antipsychotic Induced Weight Gain in Schizophrenic Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
Tetie Herlina ◽  
Dyah A. Perwitasari ◽  
Haafizah Dania ◽  
Santi Yuliani ◽  
Melisa I. Barliana
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Atypical Antipsychotic ◽  
Atypical Antipsychotics ◽  
Consecutive Sampling ◽  
Retrospective Design ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
The Mean

Atypical antipsychotics are widely prescribed and have the potential to cause weight gain, which may result in the development of metabolic syndrome. Also, it is important to monitor the use of atypical antipsychotic for metabolic disturbance. The purpose of this study is to determine the side effects of atypical antipsychotics in increasing body weight in schizophrenia patients after 4 weeks of use. Furthermore, a retrospective design was conducted and data were collected based on consecutive sampling in 80 adult psychiatric inpatients (20 women and 60 men) with initial diagnoses of schizophrenia and with the same daily nutrition. The patients were hospitalized from January to March 2019, within the term (over 4 weeks) of initiation atypical antipsychotic. The patient body weight was collected before and 4 weeks after the treatment of atypical antipsychotic. The results showed that patients (20 women and 60 men) receiving atypical antipsychotic had a mean age of 35.6 years and a percentage of 70% women and 56% men had a weight gain of 1–5 kg over 4 weeks. The mean weight observed among our subjects increased from 57.55±10.743 kg to 59.83±12.205 kg after initiating treatment (p=0.001). However, the dual combination of atypical antipsychotics risperidone and clozapine are the most widely atypical antipsychotic used with a percentage equal to 91.25%, 3.75% clozapine, and 5% risperidone. Furthermore, it can be concluded that atypical antipsychotics use for at least 4 weeks can cause weight gain in schizophrenic patients. Pharmacist and doctors are recommended to monitor the metabolic side effects due to the atypical antipsychotic use. Keywords: Atypical antipsycotic, schizophrenia, weight gain  Antipsikotik Atipikal Menginduksi Peningkatan Berat Badan pada Pasien Skizofrenia AbstrakAntipsikotik atipikal banyak diresepkan dan berpotensi menyebabkan kenaikan berat badan yang dapat menyebabkan sindrom metabolik. Ada kebutuhan klinis yang mendesak untuk memantau penggunaan antipsikotik atipikal terhadap gangguan metabolisme. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efek samping antipsikotik atipikal dalam meningkatkan berat badan pada pasien skizofrenia setelah pemakaian 4 minggu. Melalui desain retrospektif, data dikumpulkan dengan consecutive sampling pada 80 pasien rawat inap psikiatri dewasa (20 wanita dan 60 pria) dengan diagnosis awal skizofrenia dan dengan pengaturan nutrisi harian yang sama. Pasien dirawat di rumah sakit sejak Januari 2019 sampai dengan Maret 2019, dalam jangka menengah (lebih dari 4 minggu) pemberian antipsikotik atipikal. Data berat badan pasien dicatat sebelum dan 4 minggu sesudah pemakaian antipsikotik atipikal. Pasien (20 wanita dan 60 pria) yang menerima antipsikotik atipikal memiliki usia rata-rata 35,6 tahun, semua pasien dengan persentase 70% wanita dan 56% pria memiliki kenaikan berat badan 1–5 kg selama periode 4 minggu. Berat rata-rata yang diamati di antara subyek meningkat dari 57,55±10,743 kg menjadi 59,83±12,205 kg setelah memulai pengobatan (p=0,001). Antipsikotik atipikal yang paling banyak digunakan adalah kombinasi antipsikotik atipikal risperidon clozapin dengan persentase sebesar 91,25%, clozapin 3,75%, risperidon 5%. Kami menyimpulkan bahwa penggunaan antipsikotik atipikal selama setidaknya 4 minggu dapat menyebabkan penambahan berat badan pada pasien skizofrenia. Apoteker dan dokter direkomendasikan untuk memantau efek samping metabolik akibat penggunaan antipsikotik atipikal.Kata kunci: Antipsikotik atipikal, peningkatan berat badan, skizofrenia

scholarly journals Prolonged intake of desloratadine: mesenteric lymphatic vessel dysfunction and development of obesity/metabolic syndrome

2019 ◽  
Vol 316 (1) ◽  
pp. G217-G227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Y. Gasheva ◽  
Irina Tsoy Nizamutdinova ◽  
Laura Hargrove ◽  
Cassidy Gobbell ◽  
Maria Troyanova-Wood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Lymphatic Vessel ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Lymphatic Vessels ◽  
The United States ◽  
Lymph Flow ◽  
The Body

This study aimed to establish mechanistic links between the prolonged intake of desloratadine, a common H1 receptor blocker (i.e., antihistamine), and development of obesity and metabolic syndrome. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were treated for 16 wk with desloratadine. We analyzed the dynamics of body weight gain, tissue fat accumulation/density, contractility of isolated mesenteric lymphatic vessels, and levels of blood lipids, glucose, and insulin, together with parameters of liver function. Prolonged intake of desloratadine induced development of an obesity-like phenotype and signs of metabolic syndrome. These alterations in the body included excessive weight gain, increased density of abdominal subcutaneous fat and intracapsular brown fat, high blood triglycerides with an indication of their rerouting toward portal blood, high HDL, high fasting blood glucose with normal fasting and nonfasting insulin levels (insulin resistance), high liver/body weight ratio, and liver steatosis (fatty liver). These changes were associated with dysfunction of mesenteric lymphatic vessels, specifically high lymphatic tone and resistance to flow together with diminished tonic and abolished phasic responses to increases in flow, (i.e., greatly diminished adaptive reserves to respond to postprandial increases in lymph flow). The role of nitric oxide in this flow-dependent adaptation was abolished, with remnants of these responses controlled by lymphatic vessel-derived histamine. Our current data, considered together with reports in the literature, support the notion that millions of the United States population are highly likely affected by underevaluated, lymphatic-related side effects of antihistamines and may develop obesity and metabolic syndrome due to the prolonged intake of this medication. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Prolonged intake of desloratadine induced development of obesity and metabolic syndrome associated with dysfunction of mesenteric lymphatic vessels, high lymphatic tone, and resistance to flow together with greatly diminished adaptive reserves to respond to postprandial increases in lymph flow. Data support the notion that millions of the USA population are highly likely affected by underevaluated, lymphatic-related side effects of antihistamines and may develop obesity and metabolic syndrome due to the prolonged intake of this medication.

scholarly journals Metabolic Syndrome Risk Associated with Atypical Antipsychotic Medication: A Case Report

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-79
Author(s):  
Julaeha Julaeha ◽  
Umi Athiyah ◽  
Josephine P Ayuningtyas ◽  
Verra Yuliana ◽  
Andi Hermansyah
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Atypical Antipsychotic ◽  
Atypical Antipsychotics ◽  
Lifestyle Modification ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Caffeine Intake ◽  
Lipid Abnormalities

People with schizophrenia are vulnerable group suffer from metabolic syndrome events. Atypical antipsychotics associated with weight gain, insulin resistance, and profile lipid abnormalities. The present case was 32-year-old man schizophrenia outpatient had experienced metabolic syndrome side effects. Metabolic syndrome characterized by central obesity, hyperglicemia, hypertriglyceridemia, low High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol level, and several months feel an increase in appetite. Metabolic syndrome events might be associated with long-term atypical antipsychotics consuming and tobacco use. As pharmacists, We advised the patient to referral primary healthcare service for managing metabolic syndrome side effects. Pharmacists intervention through education and metabolic syndrome screening program have positive impacts on lifestyle modification such as decreasing number of cigarette consumption and caffeine intake, also increasing physical activity. Keywords: Antipsychotics, Atypical antipsychotic, Metabolic syndrome, Pharmacist, Schizophrenia.

scholarly journals Dietary fiber and probiotics for the treatment of atypical antipsychotic-induced metabolic side effects: study protocol for a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

Trials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chenchen Liu ◽  
Dongyu Kang ◽  
Jingmei Xiao ◽  
Yuyan Huang ◽  
Xingjie Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Atypical Antipsychotic ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Antipsychotic Medications ◽  
Double Blind Placebo ◽  
Metabolic Side Effects ◽  
Atypical Antipsychotic Medications

Abstract Background Atypical antipsychotic medications, which are effective for the treatment of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, are associated with features of metabolic syndrome, such as weight gain, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, and insulin resistance. Although there are a few studies on the effects of dietary fiber or probiotics on weight loss in obese people, no published trials have reported the efficacy of dietary fiber and probiotics on reducing atypical antipsychotic-induced weight gain. Methods For this 12-week randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, 100 patients with a weight gain of more than 10% after taking atypical antipsychotic medications were recruited. Participants were randomized to four groups as follows: probiotics (840 mg twice daily (bid)) plus dietary fiber (30 g bid), probiotics (840 mg bid) plus placebo, placebo plus dietary fiber (30 g bid), or placebo group. The primary outcome was the change in body weight. Secondary outcomes included changes in metabolic syndrome parameters, appetite score, biomarkers associated with a change in weight, and gut microbiota composition and function. Discussion To date, this is the first randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blinded trial investigating the efficacy of dietary fiber and probiotics alone and in combination to reduce metabolic side effects induced by atypical antipsychotic medications. If effective, it is possible to conclude that dietary fiber and probiotics can reduce atypical antipsychotic-induced metabolic side effects. Trial registration number ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03379597. Registered on 19 November 2017.

Attitudes about Antidepressants: Influence of Information about Weight-Related Side Effects

2000 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
pp. 453-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas F. Cash ◽  
Melissa A. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Image ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
College Women ◽  
Antidepressant Drugs ◽  
Antidepressant Medications ◽  
Body Image Ideals ◽  
Clinical Populations

Antidepressant drugs are frequently prescribed for women and have various side effects, including potential effects on body weight. This experiment examined the effects of information about the weight-related side effects of antidepressants on women's attitudes toward the drugs. 60 college women were randomly assigned to read about one of two drugs, fluoxetine (Prozac) or Imipramine (Tofranil). Participants were either told or not told about veridical weight-related side effects, namely, weight loss for Prozac and weight gain for Tofranil. As hypothesized, weight-gain information lowered the personal acceptability of Tofranil, and weight-loss information enhanced the acceptability of Prozac. Although research with clinical populations is required, undergraduate women's decisions about the use of antidepressant medications may be influenced by societal body-image ideals.

Psychopharmacology of olanzapine

1999 ◽  
Vol 174 (S38) ◽  
pp. 52-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. M. E. Stephenson ◽  
L. S. Pilowsky
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Atypical Antipsychotic ◽  
Antipsychotic Drug ◽  
Therapeutic Efficacy ◽  
Atypical Antipsychotics ◽  
Extrapyramidal Side Effects ◽  
Atypical Antipsychotic Drug ◽  
Blood Monitoring

The development of atypical antipsychotics has revolutionised the treatment of schizophrenia, as well as providing new insights into its cause. The archetypal atypical antipsychotic is clozapine, which has therapeutic advantages over traditional antipsychotics, as well as a low potential for producing extrapyramidal side-effects (EPS) (Kane et al, 1988). However, clozapine causes agranulocytosis in 1% of patients, and there has consequently been a search for novel atypical antipsychotics, as efficacious as clozapine, but without the need for intensive blood monitoring. There has been much discussion of the definition and characteristics of an atypical antipsychotic drug, and an operational understanding seems to have been agreed upon, that atypical drugs have therapeutic efficacy in treating schizophrenia, without producing EPS (Deutch et al, 1991; Kerwin, 1994).

scholarly journals Effect of dietary supplementation of biofloc meal on growth and survival of GIFT tilapia

2018 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Prabu ◽  
C.B.T Rajagopalsamy ◽  
B. Ahilan ◽  
Jegan Michael Andro Jeevagan ◽  
M. Renuhadevi
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Efficiency Ratio ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Commercial Diet ◽  
Gift Tilapia ◽  
The Mean

A 60 days indoor growth trial was conducted to study the effect of dietary supplementation of biofloc meal on growth and survival of juvenile GIFT tilapia. Four isonitrogenous and isoenergetic experimental diets (32% crude protein) were prepared using biofloc meal at different inclusion levels viz., 0 (T0), 20 (T1), 30 (T2) and 40% (T3). A commercial diet (T4) was used for comparison. The feeding trial was conducted in 15 nos. of 40 l plastic troughs in triplicate, utilising GIFT tilapias weighing an average of 2 g. During the experimental period, water quality parameters were measured and recorded daily. The mean value of water temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, salinity, ammonia-N, nitrite-N, nitrate-N, hardness and alkalinity recorded in the experimental systems were 28.5°C, 8.1, 5.5 ppm, 4.5 ppt, 0.03 ppm, 0.07 ppm, 11 ppm, 630 ppm and 162.5 ppm respectively. Among the biofloc meal enriched diets, diet T1 with 20% biofloc yielded the best results in terms of average body weight gain, feed conversion ratio (FCR), specific growth rate (SGR), protein efficiency ratio (PER) and feed efficiency ratio (FER). The mean body weight gain recorded in T1 was 25.28±0.81 g. The results demonstrated that biofloc meal is a potential ingredient that can be incorporated in GIFT tilapia diet at 20% level for better growth performance.

Psychosis

2019 ◽  
pp. 150-151
Author(s):  
David L. Brody
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Drug Abuse ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Outpatient Treatment ◽  
Atypical Antipsychotics ◽  
Psychiatric Service ◽  
Safety First ◽  
Cognitive Side Effects

New onset hallucinations and delusions are rare after isolated concussion and should trigger a search for other causes: Schizophrenia (relatively common in young adults), drug abuse, alcohol or drug withdrawal, and delirium due to infection or sleep deprivation should be considered. Importantly, if the psychosis is dangerous or potentially dangerous, think about safety first. This may require inpatient admission to a psychiatric service. If outpatient treatment is required, atypical antipsychotics should be used in as low a dose as possible to minimize cognitive side effects. Aripiprazole (Abilify) is associated with less weight gain than other atypical antipsychotics. Risperidone (Risperdal) is the least expensive. Quetiapine (Seroquel), or rarely Clozaril, are the best choices when parkinsonism is a comorbidity.

scholarly journals Encapsulated Mulberry Fruit Extract Alleviates Changes in an Animal Model of Menopause with Metabolic Syndrome

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jintanaporn Wattanathorn ◽  
Supannika Kawvised ◽  
Wipawee Thukham-mee
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Atherogenic Index ◽  
Fruit Extract ◽  
Mulberry Fruit ◽  
Oxidative Stress Status

Currently, the therapeutic strategy against metabolic syndrome and its complications is required due to the increasing prevalence and its impact. Due to the benefits of both mulberry fruit extract and encapsulation technology, we hypothesized that encapsulated mulberry fruit extract (MME) could improve metabolic parameters and its complication risk in postmenopausal metabolic syndrome. To test this hypothesis, female Wistar rats were induced experimental menopause with metabolic syndrome by bilateral ovariectomy (OVX) and high-carbohydrate high-fat (HCHF) diet. Then, they were orally given MME at doses of 10, 50, and 250 mg/kg BW for 8 weeks and the parameters, such as percentage of body weight gain, total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL-C, LDL-C, atherogenic index, fasting blood glucose, plasma glucose area under the curve, serum angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), oxidative stress status, histology, and protein expression of PPAR-γ, TNF-α, and NF-κB in adipose tissues were determined. MME improved body weight gain, adiposity index, glucose intolerance, lipid profiles, atherogenic index, ACE, oxidative stress status, and protein expression of TNF-αand NF-κB. Moreover, MME attenuated adipocyte hypertrophy and enhanced PPAR-γexpression. Taken altogether, MME decreased metabolic syndrome and its complication via the increased PPAR-γexpression. Therefore, MME is the potential candidate for improving metabolic syndrome and its related complications. However, further research in clinical trial is still necessary.

scholarly journals Acute onset clozapine-induced hyperglycaemia: A case report

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. e100045 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pradeep Kumar ◽  
Dheerendra Kumar Mishra ◽  
Nimisha Mishra ◽  
Sunil Ahuja ◽  
Gyanendra Raghuvanshi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Atypical Antipsychotic ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Acute Onset ◽  
Antipsychotic Medications ◽  
Pathophysiological Mechanisms ◽  
Hypoglycaemic Agent

Clozapine is an atypical antipsychotic which is described to have higher efficacy among all available antipsychotic medications. Clozapine is reserved especially for resistant schizophrenia due to its side effects. Clozapine-induced metabolic syndrome and hyperglycaemia are common long-term side effects and are responsible for increased mortality in patients with schizophrenia. In this case, a patient with resistant schizophrenia was presented with acute-onset hyperglycaemia and delirium with the use of clozapine within a week. Withdrawal of clozapine in the patient led to the improvement in delirium and hyperglycaemia without the use of any hypoglycaemic agent. This case supports the notion that in certain cases clozapine can induce hyperglycemia through possible direct pathophysiological mechanisms within a shorter time frame.

scholarly journals Lurasidone compared to other atypical antipsychotic monotherapies for adolescent schizophrenia: a systematic literature review and network meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (9) ◽  
pp. 1195-1205
Author(s):  
Celso Arango ◽  
Daisy Ng-Mak ◽  
Elaine Finn ◽  
Aidan Byrne ◽  
Antony Loebel
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Atypical Antipsychotic ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Atypical Antipsychotics ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Similar Efficacy ◽  
Binary Outcomes ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Credible Intervals

AbstractThis network meta-analysis assessed the efficacy and tolerability of lurasidone versus other oral atypical antipsychotic monotherapies in adolescent schizophrenia. A systematic literature review identified 13 randomized controlled trials of antipsychotics in adolescents with schizophrenia-spectrum disorders. A Bayesian network meta-analysis compared lurasidone to aripiprazole, asenapine, clozapine, olanzapine, paliperidone extended-release (ER), quetiapine, risperidone, and ziprasidone. Outcomes included Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), Clinical Global Impressions-Severity (CGI-S), weight gain, all-cause discontinuation, extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS), and akathisia. Results were reported as median differences for continuous outcomes and odds ratios (ORs) for binary outcomes, along with 95% credible intervals (95% CrI). Lurasidone was significantly more efficacious than placebo on the PANSS (− 7.95, 95% CrI − 11.76 to − 4.16) and CGI-S (− 0.44, 95% CrI − 0.67 to − 0.22) scores. Lurasidone was associated with similar weight gain to placebo and statistically significantly less weight gain versus olanzapine (− 3.62 kg, 95% CrI − 4.84 kg to − 2.41 kg), quetiapine (− 2.13 kg, 95% CrI − 3.20 kg to − 1.08 kg), risperidone (− 1.16 kg, 95% CrI − 2.14 kg to − 0.17 kg), asenapine (− 0.98 kg, 95% CrI − 1.71 kg to − 0.24 kg), and paliperidone ER (− 0.85 kg, 95% CrI − 1.57 kg to − 0.14 kg). The odds of all-cause discontinuation were significantly lower for lurasidone than aripiprazole (OR = 0.28, 95% CrI 0.10–0.76) and paliperidone ER (OR = 0.25, 95% CrI 0.08–0.81) and comparable to other antipsychotics. Rates of EPS and akathisia were similar for lurasidone and other atypical antipsychotics. In this network meta-analysis of atypical antipsychotics in adolescent schizophrenia, lurasidone was associated with similar efficacy, less weight gain, and lower risk of all-cause discontinuation compared to other oral atypical antipsychotics.

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