Benign Carotenemia of Infancy

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1963 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 692-692
Author(s):  
RICHARD R. O'NEIL
Keyword(s):  
Liver Function ◽  
Laboratory Finding ◽  
Elevated Blood ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
The Past ◽  
Normal Limits

In the past 2 years I have noted a fair number of children with a yellow discoloration to their skin but with normal color to their sclerae. On the early cases I performed liver function studies, checked the youngsters for diabetes and hypothyroidism, and in all instances found these to be within normal limits. The only positive laboratory finding was a consistently elevated blood carotene. In no instance was any significant illness noted in these youngsters.

Equal Opportunities: Protecting The Rights of AIDS-Linked Children in The Classroom

1989 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 377-430
Author(s):  
Maureen Anne MacFarlane
Keyword(s):  
Public School ◽  
School Boards ◽  
Section 504 ◽  
Equal Protection ◽  
Equal Opportunities ◽  
Hypothetical Case ◽  
Equal Protection Clause ◽  
Health Safety ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
The Past

Within the past few years a number of children have been excluded from attending public school because they are linked to AIDS. School boards have justified their decisions to exclude these children on the basis that protecting the public's health, safety and welfare outweighs the rights of these children. Most courts have rejected this justification and have held that either under the equal protection clause of the Constitution or section 504 of the Rehabilitaiton Act of 1973, children cannot be excluded from the classroom solely because they are linked to AIDS.This Note discusses both section 504 and equal protection analyses used by the courts. When analyzing a school board's decision to exclude an AIDS-linked child from the classroom, most courts have used a higher level of scrutiny and individualized inquiry in order to ensure that the rights of both the AIDS-linked child and his or her uninfected classmates and teachers are protected.After applying these analyses to a hypothetical case, this Note concludes that both section 504 and the equal protection clause ensure that AIDS-linked children will not be barred from the classroom unless the presence of additional factors increases the risk of these children transmitting the virus to others.

scholarly journals Endoscopic removal of metal foreign bodies by magnet: case report

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 467-472
Author(s):  
Vladimir I. Petlakh ◽  
Vladimir A. Borovitsky ◽  
Alexander K. Konovalov ◽  
Natalya N. Strogova
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Conservative Therapy ◽  
Foreign Bodies ◽  
Intestinal Wall ◽  
The Body ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
The Past ◽  
A Chain ◽  
The Right

The number of children swallowing magnetic foreign bodies has been a significantly high for the past decades, increasingly needing endoscopic or surgical interventions. Case report. In our observation, a 12-year-old girl swallowed magnetic balls from childrens designer 10 days prior to hospital admission. Foreign bodies (5 balls) were found during X-ray examination in the projection of the cecum. Conservative therapy carried out for 4 days had no success, thus colonoscopy was performed to remove foreign bodies. Foreign bodies were fixed to the intestinal wall, and attempts to separate them were unsuccessful. When a medical magnet was placed outside the body in the right iliac region, a chain of magnetic balls detached from the intestinal wall and made it possible to be captured in a trap loop and be removed. The girl avoided a laparotomy with an opening of the colon. Conclusion. External use of a medical magnet is effective for navigation and assistance during colonoscopic extraction when magnetic foreign bodies are found in the colon.

PROGNOSIS IN NEWBORN INFANTS WITH X-CHROMOSOMAL ABNORMALITIES

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1971 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 681-688
Author(s):  
Eleanor Eller ◽  
William Frankenburg ◽  
Mary Puck ◽  
Arthur Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Home Environment ◽  
Chromosomal Abnormalities ◽  
Newborn Infants ◽  
Evaluation Process ◽  
Chromosome Analysis ◽  
Pedigree Analysis ◽  
High Risk Group ◽  
The Past ◽  
Normal Limits ◽  
Growth Abnormalities

Sex-chromosomal aberrations occur with a relatively high frequency and have been associated with mental retardation, perceptual problems, psychopathology, and growth abnormalities. Identification of this possibly high risk group at birth enables the study of their growth and development to determine if and when they deviate from normal. Routine screening of the chromatin constitution of 21,214 consecutive newborn infants has identified 32 babies with gross X chromosome abnormalities. Three died in the newborn period. During the past 5 years, 27 children have been followed from birth. The evaluation process consists of semiannual and annual physical and developmental examinations, psychological testing, growth measurements, pedigree analysis, dermatoglyphic analysis, home environment evaluation, and, in mosaics, repeated chromosome analysis. The patients with 45,X karyotypes have classical physical signs. The other patients have normal phenotypes, although several have minor physical manifestations such as clinodactyly and epicanthic folds. Overall development in all except two patients has been within normal limits. In mosaics, there is a tendency for the abnormal cell line to disappear.

Recognition of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) in Children

1985 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 101-107
Author(s):  
Arthur J. Ammann ◽  
Kevin Shannon
Keyword(s):  
Immune Deficiency ◽  
Immune Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Viral Agent ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
The Past ◽  
Severe Immunodeficiency ◽  
Work Up ◽  
Acquired Immune Deficiency

The acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) has been diagnosed in a substantial number of children during the past 2 years. It is likely that many additional cases will be recognized as the clinical and laboratory features of AIDS become better known. We have emphasized the importance of careful epidemiologic, historical, and laboratory work-up of patients suspected of having AIDS. Management of the complications of severe immunodeficiency remains supportive and primarily involves ensuring adequate nutrition and aggresive treatment of infections. Prophylactic parenteral γ-globulin and oral trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole may be helpful in reducing the incidence and severity of infections. The recent identification of a viral agent that appears to be the putative cause of AIDS should facilitate measures directed toward identification, prevention, and treatment of this disorder.

Siblings’ Lived Experiences of Having a Brother or Sister With Home Mechanical Ventilation: A Phenomenological Hermeneutical Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 469-492 ◽  
Author(s):  
Åsa Israelsson-Skogsberg ◽  
Agneta Markström ◽  
Katja Laakso ◽  
Lena Hedén ◽  
Berit Lindahl
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Life Experiences ◽  
Home Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Life Situation ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
The Past ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
Sibling Family

Over the past few decades, there has been an increase in the number of children receiving home mechanical ventilation (HMV), and in many ways, families have taken responsibility for the required advanced homecare, which has placed considerable time demands on the family unit. Little is known about the life situation of the siblings of HMV-assisted children; their own voices and an insider perspective are missing. The aim of this study was to illuminate the everyday life experiences of siblings of HMV-assisted children. Data were obtained via interviews with 10 siblings with a median age of 9 years. Data were analyzed using a phenomenological hermeneutical method inspired by the French philosopher Ricoeur. Four themes emerged, all of which suggest that a complex and profound intertwined sibling bond develops that links the past, present, and future. The findings of this study provide valuable information from an insider’s perspective about the meaning of having an HMV-assisted sibling. Family-focused care with particular attention and support for siblings of HMV-assisted children can encourage the development of internal strengths, self-confidence, and resilience.

Interpreting the profile of liver-function tests in pediatric liver transplants.

1984 ◽  
Vol 30 (10) ◽  
pp. 1607-1610 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Simonsen ◽  
M A Virji
Keyword(s):  
Liver Function ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Clinical Evidence ◽  
Liver Function Tests ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Liver Transplants ◽  
Post Transplantation ◽  
Normal Limits ◽  
Immune Mediated ◽  
Clinical Problems

Abstract Results of traditional laboratory tests of liver function were correlated with the clinical course in 26 pediatric patients after liver transplantation. On the basis of clinical outcome after transplantation, the patients were divided into two groups: (a) uncomplicated course with short hospital stay, and (b) post-transplantation course complicated by multiple clinical problems. The patterns of results for tests reflecting liver function--bilirubin (total and conjugated), aspartate (EC 2.6.1.1) and alanine (EC 2.6.1.2) aminotransferases, and gamma-glutamyltransferase (gamma GT, EC 2.3.2.2)--were consistent with the clinical findings in these patients. Values for alkaline phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.1), however, were only rarely increased, even when there was clinical evidence of biliary obstruction. Not only was serum gamma GT increased in obstructive jaundice, but this sometimes was the only test giving results outside the normal limits. We suggest that the persistent and marked increases of gamma GT observed in half of the patients may have resulted from immune-mediated damage to the transplanted liver.

Fibrinogen New Orleans: An Inherited Variant with Abnormal Peptide Release

1979 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.I. Chavin ◽  
W.A. Andes ◽  
W.G. Beltran ◽  
W.J. Stuckey
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Finding ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Complete Fusion ◽  
Thrombin Time ◽  
Clotting Time ◽  
Excessive Bleeding ◽  
Normal Limits ◽  
Peptide Release ◽  
Mother And Daughter ◽  
History Of

An inherited fibrinogen abnormality is described in a 30-year old woman with a history of several episodes of excessive bleeding. The initial laboratory finding was a prolonged thrombin time, and a comparable prolongation was present in the plasmas of her mother and daughter, but not of her father. The abnormal fibrinogen gave a reaction of complete fusion with normal fibrinogen in an Ouchterlony plate, and by immunoelectrophoresis, it had a slightly faster than normal anodal migration. The patient’s plasma and purified fibrinogen were able to prolong the clotting time of normal plasma. Using SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, we have detected a marked delay in release of a major proportion of the A peptide and a lesser delay in release of the B peptide, after thrombin treatment. B peptide release appeared to be completed before that of A peptide release, in contrast to the situation with normal fibrinogen. Cross-linking of the resulting fibrin was delayed but eventually complete. The rate and extent of monomer aggregation, measured by spectrophotometry, were within normal limits.

scholarly journals Japanese Encephalitis: a life threatening disease

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pushkar Singh Rawat ◽  
Kajal Patel ◽  
Sudhir Mehrotra
Keyword(s):  
Japanese Encephalitis ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Protective Immunity ◽  
Viral Encephalitis ◽  
Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
The Past ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Childhood Infection ◽  
Neurological Infection

Japanese encephalitis (JE) is neurological infection which is caused by Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), a flavivirus, and is closely related to St. Louis encephalitis and West Nile encephalitis. It is predominant in rural areas of Asia, which spread through bites of culicine mosquitoes, most often Culex tritaeniorhynchus. JE has broad range of manifestations. It can range from subtle changes in behavior to serious problems, including blindness, ataxia, weakness, and movement disorders.Japanese encephalitis virus is endemic in 24 countries in Southeast Asia and Western Pacific regions with more than 3 billion people at risk of infection. JE is the main cause of viral encephalitis in people in many countries of Asia amounting almost 68,000 clinical cases per year. Children are at greatest risk, with adults in endemic areas having protective immunity as a consequence of childhood infection. This disease is of particular importance in Gorakhpur, eastern belt of UP, the state with the largest population in India, where a large number of children have been dying in the past several years with alarming frequency since 1978.

scholarly journals Bronchiolitis epidemic: experience of the mother and child teaching hospital of Tsaralalàna Madagascar

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 4612
Author(s):  
Andrianina Harivelo Ranivoson ◽  
Ny Ando Andrianina Rabevazaha ◽  
Elsa Haganiain Rakotojoelimaria ◽  
Mathias Bemena ◽  
Ymelda Ramiharijafy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Infection ◽  
Hypertonic Saline ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Cardiac Failure ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Secondary Bacterial Infection ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
The Past ◽  
Mother And Child

Background: An increase in the number of children hospitalized for bronchiolitis has been observed on February to April over the past 5 years. This study aimed to describe the bronchiolitis characteristic during the 2019 epidemic as well as its management at the Tsaralalàna Teaching Hospital.Methods: This is a 3 months retrospective descriptive study, from February to April 2019, including all children diagnosed with bronchiolitis.Results: Bronchiolitis was diagnosed in 1704 children (40.1%) and 425(29.4%) were hospitalized. Severe bronchiolitis was found in 212 children (49.9%) which were aged under 3 months in 46.7%. Secondary bacterial infection was noted in 359 children (84.5%) and cardiac failure in 145 children (34.1%). Hypertonic saline 3% was prescribed at 76.4% of children.Conclusions: Younger infant under 3 months were the most frequently admitted in hospitalization. Severe or complicated bronchiolitis are predominant. Using a pediatric plan adapted to bronchiolitis epidemic may improve care of children. 

scholarly journals Age of Marriage and Fertility: A Policy Review

1977 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis N. De Tray
Keyword(s):  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Good Deal ◽  
Developing Nations ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Population Growth Rates ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Policy Review ◽  
The Past ◽  
Policy Tool ◽  
Age Of Marriage

The average age at which women marry and the number of children they produce tend to be negatively correlated. This negative relationship has received a good deal of attention from social scientists over the past several decades, and it has on occasion been suggested that if governments could find a way to raise the average age of marriage, the result would be a significant reduction in completed fertility.1 Since reduction of population growth rates is an explicit policy of many developing nations, particularly Pakistan, it seems worth taking a closer look at age of marriage as a policy tool.

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