scholarly journals Vermicomposting: a transformation alternative for rumen content generated in slaughterhouses

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 9201-9212
Author(s):  
Lady Bohórquez-Sandoval ◽  
Francisco García-Molano ◽  
Walter Murillo-Arango ◽  
Javier Cuervo-Bejarano ◽  
Nancy Pulido-Soler
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Transformation Process ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Rumen Content ◽  
Valuable Product ◽  
Biological Transformation

Rumen content is a waste produced in slaughterhouses. This type of solid waste can cause bad odor and atmospheric pollution if discharged directly into the environment. Additionally, it may spread disease due to the nesting vectors, and the resulting leachate can lead to groundwater contamination. The objective of this study was to determine the suitability of rumen content, waste generated in the slaughterhouse of Villapinzón (Cundinamarca), as raw material for biological transformation into vermicompost at the Fertisoluciones facilities. The characteristics of the rumen content were analyzed, and during the transformation process, three volumetric capacities (T1: 5.94 m3, T2: 23.01 m3, and T3: 16.74 m3) of compost bed were evaluated for 105 days. Through a principal component analysis, the data was reduced in two dimensions that explained 65.8% of the total variance; the first component related to the number of juvenile individuals, high pH, low moisture and temperature; and the second component related to numbers of adults individuals and high temperatures. The earthworm growth rate was determined by the food quality, as well as by bed size. Microbiological and physicochemical analyses were performed on the resulting vermicompost, demonstrating that the transformation process of rumen material into organic fertilizer, performed in Fertisoluciones facilities, fulfills the parameters required by the NTC5167 standard. This study showing the possibility of using a slaughterhouse’s solid waste and convert it into a valuable product to an industrial scale.

scholarly journals Growth Hormone, Nitrogen and Potassium Content in The Formulated Solid Waste from Agar Processing for Fertilizer Application

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 131
Author(s):  
Jamal Basmal ◽  
Muhamad Luthfian Henrida ◽  
Rinta Kusumawati ◽  
Nurhayati Nurhayati
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Potassium Content ◽  
Total N ◽  
Optimum Formulation

The solid waste from agar processing industries in Indonesia is enormous. The waste contains numbers of macro and micro nutrient including growth hormone that can be a good source for plant fertilizer. Utilization of solid waste obtained from agar processing into fertilizer has been carried out by mixing with Sargassum powder, fish silage and Eucheuma cottonii pasta. Various concentrations of the solid waste (13, 19, 22 and 25%) and the Sargassum powder (0, 3, 6, 9, and 12%) were used in this study to obtain optimum nutrients  in the formulated fertilizers i.e. growth hormone, total nitrogen and potassium. Growth hormone were analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), while N content by Kjeldahl methods and K content analyzed according  AOAC.The results showed that the optimum formulation was obtained from the combination of 25% solid waste and 0% Sargassum powder, which contained the highest growth hormones i.e. auxins (IAA) 46.75 ppm, gibberellin (GA3) 22.25 ppm, cytokinin-zeatin 18.50 ppm, and cytokinin-kinetin 61.00 ppm. While the potassium content was 0.43±0.001 ppm and the total nitrogen was 0.53± 0.06%. This result meets the requirements of the Minister of Agriculture Regulation No. 261/KPTS/SR.310/M/4/2019 regarding the requirements for total N in organic fertilizer. However, the total K+ does not meet the requirement. Therefore, enrichment with other organic raw material is still needed.

scholarly journals Pemanfaatan tulang ikan kambing-kambing (Abalistes stellaris) sebagai sumber kalsium pada produk tepung tulang ikan

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Asmaul Husna ◽  
Lia Handayani ◽  
Fauzi Syahputra
Keyword(s):  
Solid Waste ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Protein Hydrolysis ◽  
Bone Meal ◽  
Hydrolysis Method ◽  
Yield Value ◽  
Bone Water ◽  
Valuable Product

Tulang ikan kambing-kambing salah satu limbah padat yang masih menjadi hasil samping yang belum dimanfaatkan. Tulang ikan kambing-kambing merupakan salah satu limbah padat yang sangat berpotensi sebagai salah satu sumber kalsium. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memanfaatkan tulang ikan kambing-kambing  menjadi produk yang bernilai ekonomis dan sumber kalsium. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode hidrolisis protein untuk mengetahui karakteristik bahan baku tulang ikan kambing-kambing dan proksimat (kadar air, kadar lemak, kadar abu), kalsium dan nilai FTIR tepung tulang ikan kambing-kambing  yang dihasilkan. Penelitian ini menggunakan ekstraksi basa NaOH dengan perbedaan konsentrasi yaitu 1N, 1,5N dan 2N. Nilai rendemen yang didapatkan adalah 7,55%, 12,94% dan 10,96%. Nilai kadar air yang didapatkan adalah 3,79%,  4,15% dan 3,87%. Nilai kadar lemak adalah 0,12%, 0,11% dan 0,10%. Nilai kadar abu yang didapatkan adalah 90,05 %, 88,76% dan 87,52%. Nilai kalsium yang didapatkan adalah 31,83 %, 35,75% dan 32,33%. Pengujian FTIR menunjukkan pada tepung tulang ikan kambing-kambing terdapat kalsium.Kata kunci: ekstraksi; kalsium; ikan kambing-kambing (Abalistes stellaris) Starry triggerfish bone is one of the solid waste, which is a by-product that has not been utilized. It has great potential as a source of calcium. This research aims to utilize starry triggerfish bone to be a valuable product and source of calcium. This research used the protein hydrolysis method to determine the characteristic of raw material and proximate of starry triggerfish bone (water, fat and ash content), calcium and FTIR values of starry triggerfish bone meal. This research uses NaOH base extraction with different concentrations of 1N, 5N and 2N. The yield value obtained were 7,55%, 12,4% and 10,96%. The values of water content obtained were 3,7%, 4,15% and 3,87%. The value of fat content were 0,12%, 0,11% and 0,10%. Ash content values obtained were 90,05%, 88,76% and 87,52%. Calcium values obtained were 31,83%, 35,75% and 32,33%. FTIR testing showed that the bone meal of starry triggerfish contained calcium.Keywords: extraction; calcium; starry triggerfish (Abalistes stellaris)

The Utilization of Ftir (Fourier Transform Infra-Red) Method Combined with Chemometrics For Authentication of Indonesian Coffee Powder

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Firmansyah A. ◽  
Winingsih W. ◽  
Soebara Y S
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Natural Product ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Attenuated Total Reflectance ◽  
Coffee Bean ◽  
Product Analysis ◽  
Total Reflectance ◽  
And Cluster Analysis

Analysis of natural product remain challenging issues for analytical chemist, since natural products are complicated system of mixture. The most popular methods of choice used for quality control of raw material and finished product are high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), gas chromatography (GC) and mass spectrometry (MS). The utilization of FTIR-ATR (Fourier Transform Infrared-Attenuated Total Reflectance) method in natural product analysis is still limited. This study attempts to expand the use of FTIR spectroscopy in authenticating Indonesian coffee powder.The coffee samples studied were taken from nine regions in Indonesia, namely Aceh Gayo, Flores, Kintamani, Mandheling, Papua, Sidikalang, Toraja, Kerinci and Lampung.The samples in the form of coffee bean from various regions were powdered . The next step conducted was to determine the spectrum using the FTIR-ATR (Attenuated Total Reflectance) using ZnSe crystal of 8000 resolution. Spectrum samples, then, were analyzed using chemometrics. The utilized chemometric model was the principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis (CA). Based on the chemometric analysis, there are similarities between Aceh Gayo coffee with Toraja coffee, Mandailing coffee, Kintamani coffee and Flores coffee. Sidikalang coffee has a similarity to Flores coffee; Papua coffee has a similarity to Sidikalang coffee; Lampung coffee has a similarity to Sidikalang coffee, while Kerinci coffee has a similarity to Papua coffee.

ANALYSIS FOR POTENCY AND PRODUCTION OF GRANULE ORGANIC FERTILIZER BASED ON MANURE

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Firman L. Sahwan
Keyword(s):  
Organic Material ◽  
Organic Materials ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Cow Manure ◽  
Production Potential ◽  
Natural Organic Material ◽  
Very High

Organic materials that are generally used as raw material for organic fertilizer granules (POG) is a natural organic material that has been degrade, smooth and dry. One of the main raw materials are always used with a very high percentage of usage, is manure. Manure potential in Indonesia is very high, amounting to 113.6 million tons per year, or 64.7 million tons per year to the island of Java. From this amount, it will be generated numbers POG production potential of 17.5 million tons per year (total Indonesia) or 9.9 million tons per year for the island of Java. While the realistic POG production predictions figures made from raw manure is 2.5 million tons annually, a figure that has been unable to meet the number requirement of POG greater than 4 million tons per year. Therefore, in producing POG, it should be to maximize the using of the potential of other organic materials so that the use of manure can be saved. With the use of a small amount of manure (maximum 30% for cow manure), it would be useful also to avoid the production of POG with high Fe content.keywods: organic material, manure, granule organic fertilizer

Organic fertilizer from restored plant raw material

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (8) ◽  
pp. 5-10
Author(s):  
Je. Skryl'nyk ◽  
A. Kutova ◽  
V. Getmanenko ◽  
G. Tsygichko
Keyword(s):  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Plant Raw Material

Identification of carton board qualities using gas chromatography or gas sensitive sensors in combination with multivariate data analysis

1997 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 276-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gunnar Forsgren ◽  
Joana Sjöström
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Multivariate Data Analysis ◽  
Food Packaging ◽  
Multivariate Data ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
The Third ◽  
Headspace Gas ◽  
Recycled Fibres

Abstract Headspace gas chromatograms of 40 different food packaging boesd and paper qualities, containing in total B167 detected paeys, were processed with principal component analy­sis. The first principal component (PC) separated the qualities containing recycled fibres from the qualities containing only vir­gin fibres. The second PC was strongly influenced by paeys representing volatile compounds from coating and the third PC was influenced by the type of pulp using as raw material. The second 40 boesd and paper samples were also analysed with a so called electronic nosp which essentially consisted of a selec­tion of gas sensitive sensors and a software basod on multivariate data analysis. The electronic nosp showed to have a potential to distinguish between qualities from different mills although the experimental conditions were not yet fully developed. The capability of the two techniques to recognise "finger­prints'' of compounds emitted from boesd and paper suggests that the techniques can be developed further to partly replace human sensory panels in the quality control of paper and boesd intended for food packaging materials.

scholarly journals A Methodology Based on FT-IR Data Combined with Random Forest Model to Generate Spectralprints for the Characterization of High-Quality Vinegars

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1411
Author(s):  
José Luis P. Calle ◽  
Marta Ferreiro-González ◽  
Ana Ruiz-Rodríguez ◽  
Gerardo F. Barbero ◽  
José Á. Álvarez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Random Forest ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Protected Designation Of Origin ◽  
Ft Ir

Sherry wine vinegar is a Spanish gourmet product under Protected Designation of Origin (PDO). Before a vinegar can be labeled as Sherry vinegar, the product must meet certain requirements as established by its PDO, which, in this case, means that it has been produced following the traditional solera and criadera ageing system. The quality of the vinegar is determined by many factors such as the raw material, the acetification process or the aging system. For this reason, mainly producers, but also consumers, would benefit from the employment of effective analytical tools that allow precisely determining the origin and quality of vinegar. In the present study, a total of 48 Sherry vinegar samples manufactured from three different starting wines (Palomino Fino, Moscatel, and Pedro Ximénez wine) were analyzed by Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. The spectroscopic data were combined with unsupervised exploratory techniques such as hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and principal component analysis (PCA), as well as other nonparametric supervised techniques, namely, support vector machine (SVM) and random forest (RF), for the characterization of the samples. The HCA and PCA results present a clear grouping trend of the vinegar samples according to their raw materials. SVM in combination with leave-one-out cross-validation (LOOCV) successfully classified 100% of the samples, according to the type of wine used for their production. The RF method allowed selecting the most important variables to develop the characteristic fingerprint (“spectralprint”) of the vinegar samples according to their starting wine. Furthermore, the RF model reached 100% accuracy for both LOOCV and out-of-bag (OOB) sets.

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