scholarly journals Best Practices of Spatial Development: Possibility of Using Them in the Municipal Districts of Russia

REGIONOLOGY ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 633-660
Author(s):  
Elena B. Dvoryadkina ◽  
Elizaveta A. Belousova
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Best Practices ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Spatial Planning ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
Spatial Development ◽  
The Russian Federation

Introduction. Adoption of the national strategy of spatial development in Russia has made it especially relevant to develop a scientifically grounded toolkit for managing spatial economic development at the municipal level. The objective of the study is to investigate the foreign best practices of spatial development and to assess their applicability when controlling the spatial economic development of the municipal districts of the Russian Federation, which are the principal type of municipalities in rural areas. Materials and Methods. The research was based on the comparative method, within the framework of which the best practices of foreign municipalities similar in some respects to the municipal districts of the Russian Federation were systematized. Empirical and theoretical studies, reports and guidance materials of international organizations, associations and foundations of the local level, as well as official websites of municipalities were used as materials for this research. Results. The systematized review of the best practices from the UK, Sweden, Germany, Italy and Slovenia has demonstrated that Russia’s municipal districts can use the following practices for their economic and spatial development: sharefarming, informal spatial planning, flexible transport solutions. Municipal districts can also involve digital technologies for conducting population surveys and collecting data about the municipality, design facilities that increase the attractiveness of the territory, as well use spatial planning to create decentralized concentration in suburbanized areas. The identified practices can be adopted to readjust the directions of the economic and spatial development of municipal districts, taking into account the level and trends of changes in such parameters of the economic space as saturation, coherence and physical basis. Discussion and Conclusion. The development of a municipality does not necessarily have to be aimed at increasing economic and other indicators through attracting investment and wealthy population, as well as through providing other incentives. The alternative objectives of spatial development can be: to maintain the current indicators and the territorial identity of the municipality, as well as to reduce its negative impact on the environmental situation. The results of the study can be used in the practical activities of regional and municipal authorities when developing and implementing strategic planning documents, as well as for further theoretical conceptualization of the process of economic and spatial development of municipalities.

scholarly journals Systemic Issues of Spatial Development of the Russian Federation

2020 ◽  
pp. 4-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Sorokina
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Spatial Development ◽  
Problem Area ◽  
Territorial Development ◽  
Urban Agglomerations ◽  
Social And Economic Development ◽  
The Russian Federation

The article provides an overview of key issues that prevent the sustainable social and economic development of the Russian Federation in a territory. The composition of the issues studied is determined by the current “Spatial Development Strategy of the Russian Federation for the period until 2025”. The author proposes an approach to their classification based on the specifics of the problem area and content, as well as the specificity of the relationship with each other. Particular attention is paid to the study of systemic problems of spatial development of the Russian Federation. The paper proves that the leading and still unresolved systemic problem is a high level of interregional social and economic disparity. The researcher shows that in recent years, regional development has become more balanced, although the differences between macro-regions (federal districts) in terms of the dynamics of economic development still remain. The author concludes that when the problem appears at the subfederal level, the heterogeneity of social and economic development of Russian regions becomes more acute and first of all the researcher points out the “gaps” in the living standards of the population of rural and urban areas. A particular issue is the unbalanced spatial development of large urban agglomerations and the largest urban agglomerations in comparison with other regions and municipalities. The author supposes that in the foreseeable future, the largest urban agglomerations will face the problem of the negative impact of the accelerated development of the economic “core” on balanced territorial development. The paper proves that the insufficient number of points of economic growth in the Russian Federation is largely connected with the low level of comfort of the urban environment in most cities, including large ones and the largest metropolitan areas.

scholarly journals The Strategy of Spatial Development of Russia: modernity and the legacy of the Soviet Settlement Doctrine

2018 ◽  
Vol 212 ◽  
pp. 04003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Meerovich
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Urban Planning ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Spatial Development ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Planning Theory ◽  
Contemporary Theory ◽  
Territorial Planning ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Government

The article criticizes the strategy of spatial development of Russia, legally stated in the government document “The Strategy of Spatial Development of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2030. A Draft Concept”, released by the Ministry of Economic Development (2016). The author argues that the Strategy only states the existing situation, but does not enumerate a set of measures that are to be undertaken to strengthen the possibility of implementing any development scenario, and does not outline the ways of making assumptions a reality. The paper proves that the postulates of the Soviet settlement doctrine and urban planning theory still deeply impact the contemporary theory and practice of territorial planning.

scholarly journals ADVANCED SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT AREAS (ASEDA): STATUS ASSIGNED – WHAT’S NEXT?

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 (3) ◽  
pp. 176-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
А. Хабибрахимов ◽  
A. Khabibrahimov
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Best Practices ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Income Tax ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Social And Economic Development ◽  
Municipal Management ◽  
Single Industry ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Moment

The report reflects the research of two-year practice of using such an instrument of development and attracting investments as Advanced Social and Economic Development Areas (ASEDA) in mono-profile municipal entities of the Russian Federation. The study, which employed the data available from open sources, involves an analysis of 36 operating territories with ASEDA status. The territories were classified according to 1) the number of permitted activities, 2) the time period between the moment of obtaining the ASEDA status and the registration of the first resident, 3) tax preferences granted to the registered residents (regions can set rates within the established range, e.g. 0 to 5% income tax). The paper features formats and methods employed by regional and municipal management teams to attract investors. The author describes experience in preparing the necessary regulatory framework and promoting this status. The research reveals the best practices and explains why some ASED areas fail to reach the parameters declared in the applications. A quantitative and qualitative analysis of 102 registered ASED residents has been carried out. Taking into account the experience of already existing ASED in single-industry towns, the author gives a number of proposals on how to increase the efficiency of work within the framework of the ASED status, as well as on making a number of changes to the current regulatory legal acts controlling the establishment of ASED in singleindustry towns.

scholarly journals SETTLEMENTS’ ASPECT OF THE STRATEGY OF SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT FOR RUSSIA

Federalism ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 38-55
Author(s):  
E. M. Bukhvald ◽  
A. V. Kol`chugina
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Spatial Development ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Mega Cities ◽  
Spatial Development Strategy

Strategizing the spatial development of the Russian Federation is an extremely complex, multifaceted task, which affects not only the traditional problem of the location of productive forces, but also a wide range of issues, concerning the ratio of different types of settlements, agglomeration processes, strengthening the role of each type of settlements and agglomerations in ensuring sustainable socio-economic development of the country and its regions. The active discussion around the dilemma “mega-cities and/or small and medium-sized cities”, which actively unfolded during the discussion of the draft of the spatial development Strategy, naturally didn’t lead to the formation of a mono polar position on this issue. Formally, newly adopted document paid tribute to the leading role of mega cities and large agglomerations in the development of the country’s economy and its modernization on the innovative basis, but also proceeds from the fact that the implementation of this trend of socio-economic development should not lead to the launch of the bulk of small settlements. This situation gives the reason to presume that many questions of the spatial development of the Russian economy haven’t yet received an adequate answer. This, in particular, concerns the settlement aspect of spatial Strategy. In addition, it is not clear what should be the program-target tools of the Spatial development strategy of the Russian Federation and what role national projects can play in this sphere.

scholarly journals Application of Geographic Information System for forward planning of the Russian Federation subject rural areas

2018 ◽  
Vol 196 ◽  
pp. 04004
Author(s):  
Svetlana Sheina ◽  
Albina Fedorovskaya ◽  
Anastasia Serdiukova
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Development Planning ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Agricultural Industry ◽  
Rostov Region ◽  
Implementation Stages ◽  
The Russian Federation

The present article deals with the issues of elaboration and analysis of methods of rural areas planning within the framework of agro-industrial complex development in Rostov Region. In order to ensure a possibility of forward planning for the rural areas, a method of development planning for agro-industrial complex in the Russian Federation subject has been elaborated. This method consists of 5 stages and comprises analysis of agriculture development on both regional and federal levels, and foresees a transition onto the local level for each AIC object. Algorithm of land suitability for agricultural purposes underlies this method. This article describes all stages of algorithm implementation. One of the implementation stages is the identification of criteria for sustainable development of rural areas. Based on the mentioned criteria, and with the use of ArcGIS ESRI software, electronic maps demonstrating the natural resources potential, anthropogenic impact on the areas, and the existing situation regarding the development of agricultural industry branches in the region. Generation and analysis of electronic maps allowed to carry out a comprehensive evaluation of the Rostov Region territory. This article also covers a calculation of functional ranking, based on which the territories of the utmost priority for agricultural industry development have been identified in the region.

scholarly journals Extremism. Juridical Abstraction. Problems of Demarcating the Freedom of Expression

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 629-640
Author(s):  
Vladimir Suchkov ◽  
Vladimir Filonov
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Freedom Of Expression ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
National Courts ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Law ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Right

The authors examine the juridical idea of extremist used in the criminal law of the Russian Federation. This work is an attempt to solve the problem of differentiating between this concept and the freedom of expression. The establishment of boundaries and limits of these phenomena is important for both lawmakers and law enforcers. The authors use the attributes of the phenomenon of «extremism» in an attempt to understand its form and contents. To achieve this, they analyze views on different scholars on extremism, the law and its amendments, clarifications of the highest court authorities of the country regarding the object of this research, and study the doctrinal practice of experts – linguists and psychologists. They synthesize the discovered meanings of extremism and identify its features. The obtained information allowed the authors to conclude that the definition of extremism formulated in the law is not precise, it lacks clear boundaries and, at the categorial level, could be viewed as an abstract concept. This concept, incorporated in the law, has a negative impact on the quality of the law and impedes the right choice of interpretation by national courts. The fuzziness of legal prescriptions has not yet been eliminated by the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation and the law enforcement practice of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation. All this creates endless opportunities for interpreting the law at the local level. The authors present disturbing statistics that show a tremendous growth in the number of offences in this area in recent years. They believe that the cause of the problem is the above-mentioned law that allows excessive interpretation by the law enforcer. The presented research deals with the bottlenecks of constitutional law as it analyzes the freedom of expression with its boundaries and limits. The authors discuss the conflict of constitutional and criminal laws from the viewpoint of enforcing specific law clauses. The research includes constructive criticism of the instruments used by experts (linguists and psychologists) who perform their tasks for criminal cases and materials on speech goals, which belongs to the domain of criminalistics. The authors present their own vision of this problem based on the opinion of scholars, historical experience and court practice.

THE IMPLEMENTATION OF CRIMINAL LEGAL RESPONSIBILITY TO FORM AN ANTI-CORRUPTION ENVIRONMENT IN AN EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 248-272
Author(s):  
OLGA A. ZAGVYAZINSKAYA ◽  
Polina K. Zvereva
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Criminal Liability ◽  
Educational Institution ◽  
Legal Responsibility ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Educational Organization ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The University

In this article, the authors study the history and development of the anti-corruption legislation of the Russian Federation. They also describe the conditions for the exis­tence of a tolerant attitude to corruption in the Russian society. The results show that only an insufficient list of measures to combat corruption is fixed at the federal laws. On the local level, organizations and enterprises need to independently identify, develop and implement comprehensive and highly specialized measures aimed at restricting corruption. Thus, due to the lack of a systematic approach to the formation of an anti-­corruption environment on the local level, there is a risk not to achieve the results of anti-corruption measures. The authors, for their part, propose to promote new ways to form intolerance to corruption and call for the creation of an anti-corruption environment in the educational organization with the help of anti-corruption ideology. Since the phenomenon of corruption is often associated with regulations and mechanisms of public administration, the researchers emphasize that combating corruption in education is an important and necessary task since corruption has an extremely negative impact on the goals and objectives of educational policy in the Russian Federation. The case of the University of Tyumen shows the specific results of the application and implementation of anti-corruption measures in the educational organization. The authors propose to improve the mechanism for the application of criminal liability. The new mechanisms will be aimed at improving the anti-corruption legislation to prohibit persons who have previously been convicted of corruption crimes to work in an educational organization.

ACTUAL PROBLEMS OF FORMATION OF LOCAL BUDGETS AND THEIR SOLUTIONS

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 31-35
Author(s):  
L. K. CHEKKUEVA ◽  
◽  
Z. R. KOCHKAROVA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Income Taxes ◽  
Financial Resources ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Local Government Budget ◽  
State Programs ◽  
Economic Nature

The article considers the role and importance of local taxes in the formation of consolidated budget revenues of the Russian Federation. The analysis of income taxes and fees in the consolidated budget of the Russian Federation. The actual problems associated with the expenditure obligations of local budgets include: the discrepancy between the scope of powers of local governments to the material and financial resources available to them; a weak revenue base; the imbalance of the local government budget. One of the main problems of local governments is an acute shortage of material and financial resources, which in turn has a negative impact on the implementation of state programs of socio – economic nature at the local level. The main measures to improve the real situation of local budgets of the RF subjects are proposed.

scholarly journals Impact of Anti-Russian Sanctions on Some Macroeconomic Indicators of Russia’s Development

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-40
Author(s):  
S. Kazantsev
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Financial Economic ◽  
Financial Resources ◽  
Capital Investments ◽  
Capital Productivity ◽  
Macroeconomic Indicators ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Impact

Measures, imposed on the Russian Federation in 2014 to isolate Russia from the world community, were called sanctions. Their immediate goal is to deprive Russia of resources (financial, economic, technical and technological, information, scientific, cultural) that are needed for its development. The sanctioning countries suppose that the damage caused by their sanctions will weaken the socio-economic, military-political, scientific and technological potential of Russia. Some results of the author’s analysis of the impact of sanctions on the macroeconomic indicators of the Russian Federation i presented in this paper. The following indicators were studied: the volume of financial resources provided to Russian organizations, individuals and credit organizations; the volume and dynamics of capital investments and fixed assets; gross domestic product and industrial output; labour and capital productivity, and some other indicators. The years in which anti-Russian sanctions caused the most considerable damage have been identified. The author also shows that the negative impact of sanctions on the economic development of the country is, in many ways, similar to the damage, caused by the global financial and economic crises. The similarity of their impact is because both crises and sanctions deprive the country of resources for economic development. First of all, we are talking about financial resources.

scholarly journals Economic Policy and Analysis of the Draft Forcast by the Ministry of Economic Development of the Russian Federation Up to 2024

2021 ◽  
pp. 5-11
Author(s):  
R. S. Dzarasov ◽  
G. P. Zhuravleva ◽  
E. V. Aleksandrova
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Process Development ◽  
Pension Reform ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
Potential Effect ◽  
Digital Data ◽  
Methodological Foundation ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Government

Topicality of the document prepared by the Ministry of Economic Development of the Russian Federation -the Forecast of the Social and Economic Development of the Russian Federation up to 2024 (hereafter referred to as the MED Forecast) implies both estimation of principle factors, which can affect the development of economy in the country within the set period and at the same time demonstration of the potential effect of steps planned by the government. The article shows that it is the draft of the forecast and of the strategy of the country development. The authors think that the document shall be reviewed as a proposal, where key factors of economy will be budget rule execution, i.e. fixing long-term restrictions on budget policy indicators; investment in the fixed capital attended by certain measures of the government aimed at creating conditions for their growth; monetary and credit policy providing economic development stability; pension reform connected with the supposed improvement on labour market. Methodological foundation of the research was formed by a number of academic methods, such as observation and collection of facts, modeling, analysis and synthesis, system approach, induction and deduction, historic and logical methods. It is a combination of modes that are used for comprehensive characteristic of phenomenon and process development through digital data. Nature of set tasks determined the necessity to apply such method as the archive search and the comparative method.

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