scholarly journals Spatial Dynamics of Internal Migration Flows of the Skilled and Unskilled in Mexico

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel Flores Segovia ◽  
Eliud Silva
Keyword(s):  
Internal Migration ◽  
Census Data ◽  
Relative Concentration ◽  
Spatial Dynamics ◽  
Unskilled Labor ◽  
Geographical Patterns ◽  
Economic Agglomeration ◽  
Skilled And Unskilled Labor ◽  
Migratory Patterns ◽  
Relationship Of

ABSTRACT: The dynamics of the internal migration is a crucial element in the composition of the workforce of a certain region, so its analysis contributes to the better understanding of labor markets and sociodemographic changes in a region. In order to characterize the most recent patterns of migratory flows of skilled and unskilled labor, census data are considered for the periods 1995-2000, 2005-2010 and 2010-2015. The analysis considers different indicators that describe the intensity and relative concentration of interstate migration. Changes in migratory patterns are evident; a lower concentration of internal migration whose effect is more marked for unskilled labor. That is, it is observed that the number of states that play a preponderant role in the redistribution of labor in Mexico has increased. The relationship of domestic labor mobility is evident to the regional transformation as a result of new geographical patterns of location of investment, production and economic agglomeration.

scholarly journals How Does Administrative Data Compare with Census Data for the Measurement of Internal Migration? The Case of Northern Ireland, 2001–2011

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Foley ◽  
Tony Champion ◽  
Ian Shuttleworth
Keyword(s):  
Administrative Data ◽  
Internal Migration ◽  
Census Data ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Population Data ◽  
Population Estimates ◽  
Demographic Groups ◽  
Small Areas ◽  
Intercensal Period ◽  
Statistical Agencies

AbstractThe paper compares and contrasts internal migration measured by healthcard-based administrative data with census figures. This is useful because the collection of population data, its processing, and its dissemination by statistical agencies is becoming more reliant on administrative data. Statistical agencies already use healthcard data to make migration estimates and are increasingly confident about local population estimates from administrative sources. This analysis goes further than this work as it assesses how far healthcard data can produce reliable data products of the kind to which academics are accustomed. It does this by examining migration events versus transitions over a full intercensal period; population flows into and out of small areas; and the extent to which it produces microdata on migration equivalent to that in the census. It is shown that for most demographic groups and places healthcard data is an adequate substitute for census-based migration counts, the exceptions being for student households and younger people. However, census-like information is still needed to provide covariates for analysis and this will still be required whatever the future of the traditional census.

Immigration and Security—Post 9/11 United States

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 451-472
Author(s):  
Nalanda Roy
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
September 11 ◽  
Family Reunification ◽  
Economic Interest ◽  
Unskilled Labor ◽  
The Us ◽  
Skilled And Unskilled Labor ◽  
The Way

AbstractThis article explores the changing relationship between immigration and security in the post-9/11 United States. When it comes to immigration before 9/11, security was not the overarching concern in the US; rather, the focus was on economic interest, skilled and unskilled labor, family reunification, etc. However, immediately after 9/11, security became indisputably prioritized. In fact, September 11 changed the way Americans started to look at security, and this led to a thickening of the balance between the two.

scholarly journals A study on the effect of productivity on the wage level, with emphasis on the productivity of skilled and unskilled labor

Accounting ◽  
2018 ◽  
pp. 93-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hossein Akbari Fard ◽  
Sayyed Abdolmajid Jalaee ◽  
Seyed Bagher Fazayel Ardakani
Keyword(s):  
Unskilled Labor ◽  
Wage Level ◽  
Skilled And Unskilled Labor

Conclusions

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Caselli
Keyword(s):  
Technical Change ◽  
Unskilled Labor ◽  
Skill Bias ◽  
Skilled And Unskilled Labor ◽  
Over Time

This chapter concludes that the book has presented evidence showing that technology and technical change are more flexible than generally allowed. The efficiency of different factors changes across countries and over time at different rates. Indeed, in some instances the efficiency with which one factor is used can decline while the efficiency of others increases. Since the 1990s, it has been increasingly clear that technical change tends to have a skill bias, but this book's findings reveal that nonneutralities are much more pervasive than that. They also occur across countries, and not just over time. Furthermore, they invest a broader set of inputs: not only skilled and unskilled labor, but also experienced and inexperienced workers, natural and reproducible capital, and a broad labor aggregate and a broad capital aggregate. The book has merely scratched the surface of the likely patterns of nonneutrality that exist across countries and over time.

Skilled and Unskilled Labor

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Caselli
Keyword(s):  
Relative Efficiency ◽  
Wage Rate ◽  
School Quality ◽  
Elasticity Of Substitution ◽  
Perfect Competition ◽  
Relative Wage ◽  
Unskilled Labor ◽  
Skilled Worker ◽  
Skill Bias ◽  
Skilled And Unskilled Labor

This chapter examines how skilled and unskilled labor vary across countries by taking into account the wage rate for skilled labor and the wage rate for unskilled labor, based on the assumption that labor markets approximate conditions of perfect competition. The equation to be used implies that the relative wage of a skilled worker is decreasing with the relative supply of skills. However, for a given supply of skills the relative wage also depends on the relative efficiency with which skills are used. The chapter first estimates the skill bias, the relative supply of skills, and the skill premium before deriving a calibrated value for the elasticity of substitution. It then presents the key empirical results for the skill bias in technology across countries and goes on to discuss alternative skill thresholds. It also considers the implications of differences in school quality and the implications of capital–skill complementarity.

scholarly journals Case Study Experiment: A Toolkit to Drive Cultural Change

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 4
Author(s):  
Lorinda Faye Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Change ◽  
Business Performance ◽  
The Body ◽  
Unskilled Labor ◽  
Team Culture ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
Skilled And Unskilled Labor ◽  
Tools And Techniques

<p align="center"><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p> </p><p>Both private and public sectors are ready for a new management model that engages the workforce.  Necessitated by the baby boomer retirements rates, lower unemployment, an increased demand for skilled and unskilled labor, and the newest generation in the employment pool, companies have a need to create cultures that attract and retain talent like never before.  As a result, a variety of new books, articles, and theories have been introduced to the body of knowledge, including concepts to attempt to change the organizational culture.  This case study demonstrates an experiment conducted in a Fortune 500 company, integrating theories and practices from a variety of domains to improve the team culture and ultimately business performance.  The tools and techniques are offered for replication.</p>

scholarly journals Subsequent Migration of Immigrants Within Australia, 1981–2016

2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 1053-1077 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Raymer ◽  
Bernard Baffour
Keyword(s):  
Internal Migration ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Census Data ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Host Countries ◽  
Immigrant Populations ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Specific Mortality ◽  
Relative Attractiveness

Abstract Australia is a major immigration country and immigrants currently represent around 28% of the total population. The aim of this research is to understand the long-term consequences of this immigration and, particularly, how migrants respond to opportunities within the country after arriving through the process of subsequent (internal) migration. The focus is on major immigrant groups in Australia, including persons born in the United Kingdom, New Zealand, China and India, and how their patterns differ from persons born in Australia. To conduct this analysis, we have gathered data for a 35-year period based on quinquennial census data. We also obtained birthplace-specific mortality data for constructing multiregional life tables for the immigrant populations. Subsequent migration is important for understanding population redistribution, and the relative attractiveness of destinations within host countries. Our results highlight the importance of subsequent migration and the diversity of migration behaviours amongst different immigrant groups in the context of overall declines in internal migration since 1981.

scholarly journals A Municipality-Based Approach Using Commuting Census Data to Characterize the Vulnerability to Influenza-Like Epidemic: The COVID-19 Application in Italy

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 911
Author(s):  
Lara Savini ◽  
Luca Candeloro ◽  
Paolo Calistri ◽  
Annamaria Conte
Keyword(s):  
Census Data ◽  
Human Mobility ◽  
Industrial Area ◽  
Disease Spread ◽  
Geographical Patterns ◽  
Italian Government ◽  
Health Authorities ◽  
Vulnerability Map ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Emergency Measures

In February 2020, Italy became the epicenter for COVID-19 in Europe, and at the beginning of March, the Italian Government put in place emergency measures to restrict population movement. Aim of our analysis is to provide a better understanding of the epidemiological context of COVID-19 in Italy, using commuting data at a high spatial resolution, characterizing the territory in terms of vulnerability. We used a Susceptible–Infectious stochastic model and we estimated a municipality-specific infection contact rate (β) to capture the susceptibility to the disease. We identified in Lombardy, Veneto and Emilia Romagna regions (52% of all Italian cases) significant clusters of high β, due to the simultaneous presence of connections between municipalities and high population density. Local simulated spreading in regions, with different levels of infection observed, showed different disease geographical patterns due to different β values and commuting systems. In addition, we produced a vulnerability map (in the Abruzzi region as an example) by simulating the epidemic considering each municipality as a seed. The result shows the highest vulnerability values in areas with commercial hubs, close to the highest populated cities and the most industrial area. Our results highlight how human mobility can affect the epidemic, identifying particular situations in which the health authorities can promptly intervene to control the disease spread.

scholarly journals An Information Theory-Based Approach to Assessing Spatial Patterns in Complex Systems

Entropy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 182
Author(s):  
Tarsha Eason ◽  
Wen-Ching Chuang ◽  
Shana Sundstrom ◽  
Heriberto Cabezas
Keyword(s):  
Complex Systems ◽  
Fisher Information ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Spatial Dynamics ◽  
Geographical Patterns ◽  
Social Ecological Systems ◽  
Natural Means ◽  
Selection Of

Given the intensity and frequency of environmental change, the linked and cross-scale nature of social-ecological systems, and the proliferation of big data, methods that can help synthesize complex system behavior over a geographical area are of great value. Fisher information evaluates order in data and has been established as a robust and effective tool for capturing changes in system dynamics, including the detection of regimes and regime shifts. The methods developed to compute Fisher information can accommodate multivariate data of various types and requires no a priori decisions about system drivers, making it a unique and powerful tool. However, the approach has primarily been used to evaluate temporal patterns. In its sole application to spatial data, Fisher information successfully detected regimes in terrestrial and aquatic systems over transects. Although the selection of adjacently positioned sampling stations provided a natural means of ordering the data, such an approach limits the types of questions that can be answered in a spatial context. Here, we expand the approach to develop a method for more fully capturing spatial dynamics. The results reflect changes in the index that correspond with geographical patterns and demonstrate the utility of the method in uncovering hidden spatial trends in complex systems.

scholarly journals Fertility in the Yamal–Nenets Autonomous Okrug

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-89
Author(s):  
Vladimir N. Arkhangelsky
Keyword(s):  
Birth Order ◽  
Total Fertility Rate ◽  
Census Data ◽  
Fertility Rates ◽  
Family Capital ◽  
Cohort Fertility ◽  
High Level ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Nenets Autonomous ◽  
Demographic Policy

The article is devoted to the analysis of fertility indicators in the Yamal–Nenets Autonomous Okrug. Along with the total fertility rate for all births, the author traces the dynamics of birth order-specific fertility rates, as well as actual cohort fertility rates estimated by 2010 All-Russian census data. Particular attention is paid to the differences between these indicators in urban districts and municipal areas of the region. When considering the possible relationship of fertility indicators with the implementation of regional measures of demographic policy, special attention is paid to third and subsequent births, the level and dynamics of which can be influenced by the amount of regional maternal (family) capital, which is larger in the Yamal–Nenets Autonomous Okrug than in other federal subjects of Russia. The results of the analysis show that the Yamal–Nenets Autonomous Okrug is among regions with a relatively high level and a young model of fertility. To a greater extent, this manifests itself in the second, third and subsequent births.

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