scholarly journals IKT-ESZKÖZÖK HASZNÁLATÁNAK ÖSSZEFÜGGÉSE A KOGNITÍV MŰKÖDÉS ÁTALAKULÁSÁVAL ÉS SZEMÉLYISÉGTÉNYEZŐKKEL – ÁTTEKINTÉS NEMZETKÖZI EMPIRIKUS VIZSGÁLATOK EREDMÉNYEIRE ALAPOZVA

2020 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 315-346
Author(s):  
Faragó Boglárka
Keyword(s):  
Locus Of Control ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Randomized Controlled Studies ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

CélkitűzésA tanulmány célja, hogy áttekintést nyújtson azon nemzetközi empirikus kutatások főbb eredményeiről, melyek azzal foglalkoznak, hogy az IKT-eszközök használata milyen összefüggést mutat a kognitív működéssel, személyiségvonásokkal. A kognitív működés területei közül a következőkre fókuszál a tanulmány; gondolkodás, figyelem és emlékezet, végrehajtó funkciók, intelligencia. A személyiségvonások közül az impulzivitás, szenzoros élménykeresés és kontrollhelyelvárás szerepe jelenik meg.Az áttekintés módszertanaAz összefoglaló tanulmány olyan kutatások eredményeire támaszkodik, melyek nemzetközi színtéren született empirikus vizsgálatok a fent felsorolt témákon belül. A tanulmány törekszik a témában friss, releváns nemzetközi empirikus kutatások áttekintésére. A főbb eredmények és az ezekből levont következtetések: Az IKT-eszközök használata feltételezhetően eredményez bizonyos átalakulásokat kognitív működésünkben, azonban a kutatások eredményei arra a következtetésre vezetnek, hogy nem önmagában az IKT-használat az, ami a kognitív változásokat eredményezi, hanem az IKT-eszközök nem megfelelő használata. Vagyis valószínűleg a megfelelő IKT-használati szokások elsajátítása a kulcs abban, hogy az IKT-eszközök kognitív működésünkre gyakorolt negatív hatásainak mérséklésével ki tudjuk használni ezen eszközök előnyeit. Az IKT-eszközök nem megfelelő, problematikus használata olyan személyiségtényezőkkel mutat összefüggést, mint az impulzivitás (türelmetlenség, alacsony önkontroll és kitartás), gátolatlanság unalomintolerancia, külső kontrollos kontrollhelyelvárás. Kérdéses azonban, hogy ezen személyiségbeli jellemzőket valóban az IKT-eszközök bizonyos típusú használata idézi-e elő, vagy fordítva; az eleve ilyen személyiségvonással jellemezhető személyek hajlamosabbak a problematikus IKT-használatra? Ahhoz, hogy erre a kérdésre nagy bizonyossággal választ tudjunk adni, több randomizált kontrollált kutatásra van szükség a területen. A tanulmányban szereplő empirikus kutatásokat így kutatásmódszertani szempontból is fontos megvizsgálni annak érdekében, hogy árnyaltabb következtetéseket tudjunk megfogalmazni elemzésük révén.AimThe goal of this paper is to review the main findings of the international empirical studies which are focusing on the relationship of ICT-usage and cognitive functioning, and on the relationship of ICT-usage and personality factors. In the field of cognitive functioning, this paper studies the followings; reasoning, attention, memory functions, executive functions, intelligence. From the personality traits, this paper engages in impulsivity, sensory seeking and locus of control.The methodology of the reviewThis paper reviews the relevant and up-to-date international empirical studies, which are made in the aforementioned fields. Main findings and conduisons: The usage of ICT- devices presumably results in changes in our cognitive functioning, but we can conclude from the results of the reviewed studies, that these changes are the impacts of the maladaptive use of these devices. So probably the most important issue is the acquirement of adequate habits in the filed of ICT-usage to moderate the ICT-devices' negative effects on our cognitive functioning, and to maximize the benefits of these devices.The maladaptive, problematic use of ICT-devices is in relationship with some personality traits, with impulsivity (impatience, low self-control, lack of persistence), with disinhibition, boredom susceptibility, and external locus of control. At the same time the direction of casuality is questionable, so we don't know, if problematic ICT-usage causes these changes in our personality, or conversely; people with these personality traits susceptible more to problematic ICT-usage? If we want to answer this question, we need more randomized controlled studies in this field. Therefore it is important to examine the methodology of the empirical studies which are appeared in this paper, in order to make accurate conclusions about them.

scholarly journals Trustworthiness appraisals of faces wearing a surgical mask during the Covid-19 pandemic in Germany: An experimental study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. e0251393
Author(s):  
Miriam Biermann ◽  
Anna Schulze ◽  
Franziska Unterseher ◽  
Konstantina Atanasova ◽  
Paulina Watermann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Negative Bias ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Facial Stimuli ◽  
Public Media ◽  
The Face ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Background During the Covid-19 pandemic, the negative effects of wearing a mouth-nose cover (MNC) on interpersonal functioning have been discussed in public media but empirical studies on how wearing MNCs affect social judgements are sparse. In the present study, we investigated the effects of MNCs on trustworthiness appraisals, the influence of changes due to MNCs in evaluating joy, and the relationship between a social-cognitive appraisal bias and a participant’s characteristics. Methods All participants (N = 165) judged the intensity of happiness and trustworthiness in calm facial stimuli presented with and without a surgical mask covering part of the face. We analysed the relationship of changes in judgements evoked by MNCs to participants’ evaluations of MNCs as protective tools and explored their associations with the burden experienced by wearing MNCs, compliance to behaviour recommendations, their risk associated with the pandemic, and their levels of psychological distress. Results Overall, calm facial stimuli covered with MNCs were evaluated as less trustworthy and, to an even stronger extent, less happy than uncovered facial stimuli. However, participants varied in whether they showed a negative or positive evaluation of faces with MNCs; the negative bias was stronger in those participants who attributed lower protective potential to MNCs, experienced a higher burden while wearing MNCs, wore MNCs less often, and experienced a higher level of psychological distress. Conclusions A negative bias in trustworthiness appraisals of faces with a positive emotional expression covered by MNCs is linked to a participant’s evaluation of MNCs as inefficient and burdening and their experience of high psychological distress.

scholarly journals Relationship of Personality Traits and Gender Role Attitudes: A Comparison of Traditional and non- Traditional Professionals

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (8) ◽  
pp. 271-279
Author(s):  
Khaizran Zahra ◽  
Rubina Hanif .
Keyword(s):  
Gender Role ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Gender Role Attitudes ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Future Research ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

This study was conducted to examine the relationship of personality traits (i.e., dominance, self-acceptance, self-control, flexibility, sociability, capacity for status and communality) and Gender Role attitudes among professionals of traditional and non-traditional occupations using selected scales from Urdu Version of California Personality Inventory (CPI) and Gender Role Attitudes Scale. A sample of 152 professionals from traditional and non-traditional occupations (criteria of defining traditional and nontraditional professions were based on literature). The findings suggested positive relationship among personality traits and gender role attitudes. The linear Regression analysis showed predicting role of personality traits for gender role attitudes. The significant differences were found on personality traits, gender role attitudes among traditional and non-traditional professionals, and gender as well. In addition, implications and limitations, as well as directions for future research are discussed.

scholarly journals Relationship of personal factors and hardiness in students

2021 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
pp. 374-388
Author(s):  
Sergey B. Pashkin ◽  
◽  
Elena P. Korablina ◽  
Natalia B. Lisovskaya ◽  
Eugenia I. Brazhnik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Emotional Stability ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Personality Questionnaire ◽  
Personal Factors ◽  
Emotional Instability ◽  
Factor C ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Problem and purpose. The issue of resilience is very urgent today. Rapid social, economic, political changes in society, the speed of technical and technological changes affect the psychological health of a person, provoking stress, neuroses, inappropriate behavior, depressive states. The study of the relationship of resilience and its components with personality traits will serve as the basis for creating programs for the development of resilience, through the formation of personal characteristics of students necessary for harmonious development and professional self-realization in society. The purpose of the article is to identify and describe the relationship between personality traits and resilience in students. Materials and methods. The study involved 50 students between the ages of 20 and 25 of The Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia. The study was conducted from October to December 2020 (during the COVID-19 Pandemic) and was carried out remotely. using a Google form. The following methods were used in the study: Hardiness Survey (Hardiness Survey, S. Maddy), 5PFQ personality questionnaire, Multifactorial personality questionnaire 16PF R. Cattell, T.V. Kornilova New questionnaire uncertainty tolerance. To process the data obtained, methods of quantitative and qualitative analysis were used; descriptive statistics methods, r-Spearman rank correlation coefficient. Results. The results of a theoretical and empirical study of hardiness and its relationship with personal factors in students of a pedagogical university are presented. Statistical data are presented, on the basis of which the relationship of hardiness and its components with communicative, intellectual, emotional and regulatory properties of a person is revealed. The study revealed a statistically significant positive relationship between the scale "Resilience" and such indicators of the Multifactorial Personality Questionnaire 16PF as factor A: "isolation-sociability" (r = 0.28; p≤0.05), factor C: "emotional instability-emotional stability "(r = 0.64; p≤0.05), and etc. Conclusion. It was found that hardiness and its components are positively associated with communicative factors (sociability, courage, that is, the activity of social communication, gullibility, plasticity and dominance in social contacts), intellectual factors (plasticity, radicalism, curiosity, that is, flexibility and efficiency of thinking), emotional factors (emotional stability, restraint, calmness and relaxation, expressiveness, that is, expressiveness, sensitivity) and regulatory factors (self-control, responsibility). The solution to the research problem is proposed in the form of creating and implementing a practice-oriented program for the development of hardiness in students.

TYPES OF LEADERS: COPING STRATEGIES AND SOCIO-PSYCHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS

2020 ◽  
pp. 70-84
Author(s):  
Azat R. Kudashev ◽  
◽  
Oleg V. Kropovnitskii ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Locus Of Control ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Achievement Motivation ◽  
Social Intelligence ◽  
Coping Behavior ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Psychological Characteristics ◽  
Usage Patterns ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The theoretical and empirical analysis of the concepts of coping strategy, locus of control (internality-externality) and achievement motivation is provided in the article. Various points of view on coping strategies, as well as on achievement motivation, social intelligence and internality as professionally important personality characteristics of leaders of the real sector of the economy are considered. The structure of the relationship of socio-psychological characteristics and coping strategies of leaders is revealed. The correlation of coping strategies and locus of control, achievement motivation is investigated. The results of the study of the relationship of coping strategies, locus of control, achievement motivation and socio-psychological characteristics among managers allowed us to draw the following conclusions. 1. Two types of leaders were obtained: “Internal” and “External”. 2. Each type of leader has his own combination of coping strategies. 3. Within each of the two types of leaders, subtypes are distinguished. As a result, we get a two-level typology, the second level of which includes five types of leaders, depending on their socio-psychological characteristics and preferred coping strategies. 4. All types are characterized only by their inherent features of coping behavior. The greatest differences in usage patterns were found in strategies such as Confrontational Coping, Positive Reappraisal, Self-Control, Distance, and Emotional Coping. All types of executives have the greatest preference for strategies such as Problem Coping and Problem Solving Planning. 5. The greatest contribution to the psychological characteristics of types was made by such qualities as aggressiveness, friendliness, dominance, altruism and authoritarianism. In addition, the level of internality (including general and relative to one’s own failures and achievements), personality traits (courage, suspicion, high normative behavior, dominance).

scholarly journals Burnout Syndrome Concerning Some Personality Factors among Greek Teachers Natasha

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-82
Author(s):  
Virmozelova Angelova ◽  
Konstantina Hristos Nasi
Keyword(s):  
Locus Of Control ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Emotional Exhaustion ◽  
Personal Accomplishment ◽  
Personality Characteristics ◽  
Burnout Syndrome ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
Eta Squared ◽  
The Relationship

Traditionally teacher's profession is associated with high levels of burnout. However the scope of the study is to differentiate the role of personality in experiencing burnout. In this paper is presented the exploration of the relationship between teacher's burnout syndrome, some personality traits and locus of control. The sample comprised of 120 teachers distributed by gender as follow 76.6% (N=92) women and 23.3% (N=28) men. To investigate the relationship between the personality characteristics (extraversion-introversion, neuroticism, psychoticism, and loci of control) and the levels of burnout syndrome dimensions (emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and reduced personal accomplishment) a Spearmen correlation analysis was performed. To determine which one of all personality characteristics would have the most significant influence on the burnout syndrome dimensions data were verified with eta squared coefficient. As predicted by the research suggestions the study's results showed significant correlations between teacher's burnout syndrome and personality traits - intro/extraversion, neuroticism, psychoticism, and locus of control. It has been revealed that neuroticism and intro/extroversion have the greatest effect on all three burnout dimensions (emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and reduced personal achievements). Localization of control as variable predicting burnout showed a moderate effect on two out of three factors (emotional exhaustion and reduced personal achievements). With the lowest effect influencing, only emotional exhaustion was found to be psychoticism. Keywords: burnout syndrome, teacher's occupational stress, personality traits, locus of control.

The Relationship Between Narcissism and Personality Traits of the Five-Factor-Model in Adolescents and Young Adults

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 516-522 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Allroggen ◽  
Peter Rehmann ◽  
Eva Schürch ◽  
Carolyn C. Morf ◽  
Michael Kölch
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Grandiose Narcissism ◽  
Vulnerable Narcissism ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract.Narcissism is seen as a multidimensional construct that consists of two manifestations: grandiose and vulnerable narcissism. In order to define these two manifestations, their relationship to personality factors has increasingly become of interest. However, so far no studies have considered the relationship between different phenotypes of narcissism and personality factors in adolescents. Method: In a cross-sectional study, we examine a group of adolescents (n = 98; average age 16.77 years; 23.5 % female) with regard to the relationship between Big Five personality factors and pathological narcissism using self-report instruments. This group is compared to a group of young adults (n = 38; average age 19.69 years; 25.6 % female). Results: Grandiose narcissism is primarily related to low Agreeableness and Extraversion, vulnerable narcissism to Neuroticism. We do not find differences between adolescents and young adults concerning the relationship between grandiose and vulnerable narcissism and personality traits. Discussion: Vulnerable and grandiose narcissism can be well differentiated in adolescents, and the pattern does not show substantial differences compared to young adults.

Cognitive Factors Mediate the Relation Between Age and Flight Path Maintenance in General Aviation

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen Van Benthem ◽  
Chris M. Herdman
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Flight Path ◽  
General Aviation ◽  
Cognitive Factors ◽  
Pilot Performance ◽  
Pilot Error ◽  
Age Related ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. Identifying pilot attributes associated with risk is important, especially in general aviation where pilot error is implicated in most accidents. This research examined the relationship of pilot age, expertise, and cognitive functioning to deviations from an ideal circuit trajectory. In all, 54 pilots, of varying age, flew a Cessna 172 simulator. Cognitive measures were obtained using the CogScreen-AE ( Kay, 1995 ). Older age and lower levels of expertise and cognitive functioning were associated with significantly greater flight path deviations. The relationship between age and performance was fully mediated by a cluster of cognitive factors: speed and working memory, visual attention, and cognitive flexibility. These findings add to the literature showing that age-related changes in cognition may impact pilot performance.

The Relationship Between Virtues and Personality Traits of Chinese College Students

2011 ◽  
Vol 39 (10) ◽  
pp. 1379-1385 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shou-Kuan Mu
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Mainland China ◽  
Emotional Stability ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
Chinese College Students ◽  
Psychological Concept ◽  
Self Reliance ◽  
The Relationship

Many researchers agree that virtue is an important psychological concept in contemporary psychology. The main purpose in this study was to investigate the relationship between virtues and the personality traits of college students in mainland China. Participants (N = 426) completed the Chinese Virtue Adjectives Rating Scale (CVARS; Mu, 2007) and the Chinese 16PF (Zhu & Dai, 1988). The results indicated that the 16 personality factors most closely related to the virtue factors were emotional stability, dominance, liveliness, rule-consciousness, social boldness, sensitivity, vigilance, abstractedness, apprehension, self-reliance, perfectionism, and tension. Second-order factors of the 16PF most strongly related to the virtue factors were anxiety, extraversion, tough-mindedness, and independence.

Occupational Needs as Moderators between Locus of Control and Job Involvement

1994 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 371-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Markku Riipinen
Keyword(s):  
Locus Of Control ◽  
Job Involvement ◽  
Internal Locus ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Internal Locus Of Control ◽  
Female Teachers ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Contradictory results have been published on the relationship of locus of control with job involvement, so in this study occupational needs were tested as moderators between the variables. Needs were measured with Ghiselli's Self-description Inventory, job involvement with Kanungo's Job Involvement scale, and locus of control with Pettersen's scale. Job involvement of 220 mainly female teachers was significantly predicted by extrinsic needs, and that of 213 female secretaries rather by intrinsic needs. Job involvement related to extrinsic needs was not associated with locus of control, while this relationship with intrinsic needs and job involvement was not needed for internal locus of control to correlate with job involvement. Especially the combination of strong intrinsic and extrinsic needs moderated the correlation, although locus of control could correlate with job involvement also for subjects with weak needs. The correlations were independent of internality of control or the amount of involvement. These results suggest that locus of control and job involvement are independent variables, and the former cannot be used as a predictor of the latter.

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