The incidence and clinical manifestations of human brucellosis in a referral hospital in Southern Saudi Arabia between 2015 and 2019

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mutasim E. Ibrahim ◽  
Mohammad S. Al-Shahrani
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Joint Pain ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Referral Hospital ◽  
Human Brucellosis ◽  
Local Health Authority ◽  
Local Health ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Body Ache

AbstractWe determined the incidence and clinical manifestations of human brucellosis from patients who attended a referral hospital in South of Saudi Arabia. A record-based retrospective study was conducted from January 2015 to December 2019 at King Abdulla Hospital, Bisha, Saudi Arabia. Information on patients’ demographic characteristics, detailed records of signs and symptoms, and the laboratory findings were reviewed. Of 6,586 patients included, 15.8% (n = 1,041) were infected with brucellosis. The age of infected individuals ranged from five to 95 years, with an average of 35.1 ± 21.2 years. Most infected patients were male (72.3%). Young adults (26–44 years) were the most common age group with the disease (34.1%). The annual rate of infection significantly decreased (P < 0.0001) from 33.2% in 2015 to 12.5% in 2019. An escalating number of brucellosis cases was seen in the spring and peaked during the summer. Fever (35.3%), joint pain (25.5%), generalized body ache (10.7%), and neurological symptoms (10.0%) were the most frequent clinical manifestation associated with brucellosis. Joint pain was commonly found among children (44.4%). Neurological findings were more frequent among adult patients. The study concluded that brucellosis is endemic in Southern Saudi Arabia and needs local health authority to implement preventive and educational program measures. Infected patients may present with diverse, nonspecific clinical manifestations that require intuition from clinicians to detect the disease.

scholarly journals Clinical, epidemiological, and laboratory characteristics of mild-to-moderate COVID-19 patients in Saudi Arabia: an observational cohort study

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abbas Al Mutair ◽  
Saad Alhumaid ◽  
Waad N. Alhuqbani ◽  
Abdul Rehman Z. Zaidi ◽  
Safug Alkoraisi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Moderate Severity ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
X Ray Imaging ◽  
Collaborative Studies ◽  
Observational Cohort ◽  
Treatment Procedures

Abstract Background Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) emerged from China in December 2019 and has presented as a substantial and serious threat to global health. We aimed to describe the clinical, epidemiological, and laboratory findings of patients in Saudi Arabia infected with SARS-CoV-2 to direct us in helping prevent and treat coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) across Saudi Arabia and around the world. Materials and methods Clinical, epidemiological, laboratory, and radiological characteristics, treatment, and outcomes of pediatric and adult patients in five hospitals in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, were surveyed in this study. Results 401 patients (mean age 38.16 ± 13.43 years) were identified to be SARS-CoV-2 positive and 80% of cases were male. 160 patients had moderate severity and 241 were mild in severity. The most common signs and symptoms at presentation were cough, fever, fatigue, and shortness of breath. Neutrophil and lymphocyte counts, aspartate aminotransferase, C-reactive protein, and ferritin were higher in the COVID-19 moderate severity patient group. Mild severity patients spent a shorter duration hospitalized and had slightly higher percentages of abnormal CT scans and X-ray imaging. Conclusions This study provides an understanding of the features of non-ICU COVID-19 patients in Saudi Arabia. Further national collaborative studies are needed to streamline screening and treatment procedures for COVID-19.

scholarly journals Analysis of chikungunya outbreak of 2016 in Rajasthan: a clinico-epidemiological study

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 151
Author(s):  
Raman Sharma ◽  
Sunil Mahavar ◽  
Mayank Gupta ◽  
Sandeep Kumar ◽  
Jai Purohit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epidemiological Study ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Joint Pain ◽  
Elevated Level ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Cervical Lymphadenopathy ◽  
Febrile Illness ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Diagnostic Certainty

Background: To describe the diversity of clinical manifestations, laboratory findings and outcome of chikungunya fever in patients attending SMS Hospital, Jaipur during the epidemic of 2016 (September to November).Methods: All cases of febrile illness with polyarthralgia/polyarthritis diagnosed as chikungunya were analyzed. Diagnosis was made by ELISA based IgM serology and RT PCR assay.Results: A total of 200 cases were studied. All of them presented with fever, severe crippling joint pain & tenderness, headache, anorexia and body rash. On examination, there was periarticular edema, erythema, and tenderness in joints with post auricular and cervical lymphadenopathy. Unusual manifestations were hyper pigmentation of face and forehead and scrotal ulcers. On investigations patient had leucopenia with elevated level of SGOT, SGPT with normal bilirubin levels. Other complications observed were encephalopathy, encephalitis, myocarditis and hepatitis. There was no mortality in this group.Conclusions: Chikungunya though prevalent is under-reported. The diagnostic certainty is mandated by presence of febrile transiently crippling polyarthragias / arthritis. On analyzing a large series, unusual clinical features may emerge.

scholarly journals Epidemiological, clinical, and laboratory findings for patients of different age groups with confirmed coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in a hospital in Saudi Arabia

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. e0250955
Author(s):  
Mutasim E. Ibrahim ◽  
Obaid S. AL-Aklobi ◽  
Mosleh M. Abomughaid ◽  
Mushabab A. Al-Ghamdi
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Hemoglobin Concentration ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Creatine Kinase Mb ◽  
D Dimer

Background Although the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic continues to rage worldwide, clinical and laboratory studies of this disease have been limited in many countries. We investigated the epidemiologic, clinical, and laboratory findings of COVID-19 infected patients to identify the effective indicators correlated with the disease. Methods A retrospective study was conducted at King Abdullah Hospital in Bisha Province, Saudi Arabia, from March 20 to June 30, 2020. Patients of different age groups were confirmed as having COVID-19 infection using a real-time polymerase chain reaction. The demographic, clinical, and laboratory data of the patients were statistically analyzed. Results Of the 132 patients, 85 were male and 47 were female, with a mean age of 50.9 years (SD±16.7). The patients were elderly (n = 29) and adults (n = 103). Of these, 54 (40.9%) had comorbidities, (25%) were admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU), and 12 (9.1%) died. On admission, the main clinical manifestations were fever (84.1%), cough (64.4%), shortness of breath (25%), chest pain (20.5%), and fatigue (18.2%). In all patients, increased neutrophils and decreased lymphocytes were observed. Patients’ lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) was elevated. C-reactive protein (CRP) was elevated in 48.5%, D-dimer in 43.2%, and the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) in 40.9% of patients. The elderly showed higher neutrophil (p = 0.011) and lower lymphocyte (p = 0.009) counts than adults. Glucose, creatine kinase-MB, LDH, bilirubin, D-dimer, and ESR were significantly higher in the elderly than in the adults. The COVID-19 death group had a higher leucocyte count (p = 0.036), and higher urea (p = 0.029) and potassium (p = 0.022) than the recovered group but had a lower hemoglobin concentration (p = 0.018). A significant association was determined between COVID-19 death and the presence of cardiovascular disease (χ2(1) = 16.297, p<0.001), hypertension (χ2(1) = 12.034, p = 0.001), renal failure (χ2(1) = 3.843, p = 0. 05), old age (t (130) = 4.9, p <0.001), and ICU admission (χ2(1) = 17.6 (1), p<0.001). Conclusions Investigating some of the laboratory and clinical parameters could help assess the disease progression, risk of mortality, and follow up patients who could progress to a fatal condition.

scholarly journals Clinical Manifestations and Pregnancy Outcomes of Covid-19 in Indonesian Referral Hospital in Central Pandemic Area

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ilham Aldika Akbar ◽  
Khanizyah Erza Gumilar ◽  
Rino Andriya ◽  
Manggala Pasca Wardhana ◽  
Pungky Mulawardhana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Referral Hospital ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Cohort Design ◽  
Laboratory Results ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Objectives:. The data on clinical manifestations and pregnancy outcomes of pregnant women with COVID-19 are limited, particularly in developing countries. The aim of this study is to analyze the clinical manifestations and pregnancy outcomes in COVID-19 maternal cases in a large referral hospital in Indonesia Methods: The study used a prospective cohort design of all pregnant women with suspected COVID-19. Subjects were divided into COVID-19 and non COVID-19 group based on real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) of SARS-CoV-2. The clinical characteristics, laboratory results, and pregnancy outcomes were then compared between both groups. Results: From 141 suspected maternal cases, 62 COVID-19 cases were confirmed (43.9%), while 79 suspected cases were found to be negative (56.1%). The clinical manifestations and laboratory findings between the two groups were not significantly different (p>0.05). However, the maternal mortality directly caused by COVID-19 was significantly higher compared to the non-COVID-19 group (8.3 vs 1.3%; p=0.044; OR 6.91, 95% CI: 0.79-60.81). Conclusions: The clinical manifestation and laboratory of suspected pregnant women with positive and negative RT-PCR COVID-19 result are similiar. However, within the Indonesian setting, COVID-19 strongly increases the risk of maternal death through both direct and indirect factors.

scholarly journals A Brief Review on Covid-19 Effects in Children and Treatment Methods

2021 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vaishnavi Tammishetty ◽  
Sravika Nagamalla ◽  
Pravalika Sakilam ◽  
Hyma Ponnaganti
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Medical Practitioner ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Limited Data ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Gi Symptoms ◽  
Review Study ◽  
Clinical Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Inflammatory System

As there is an outbreak of novel corona virus in 2019 it has spread globally that resulted in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2) pandemic and mostly there is limited data provided on children. The main aim of this review is to provide a knowledge on introduction, epidemiology, pathogenesis, transmission, clinical manifestations, laboratory findings, treatment of COVID-19 in children. And it also includes latest statistical data of children prone to COVID-19. Besides respiratory and GI symptoms atypical features such as chilblains and multi-inflammatory system are also reported. pathophysiology gives information regarding the life cycle of virus in hostcell and epidemiology explains the different types of viruses affecting the respiratory system. The clinical signs and symptoms are almost similar to the adults but they are in mild, and most of the children affected with Covid-19 are asymptomatic. This review study makes a medical practitioner to have a quick, practical approach to the disease to use in different scopes, especially in pediatric medicine.

scholarly journals Human Brucellosis in Rural Uganda: Clinical Manifestations, Diagnosis, and Comorbidities at Kabale Regional Referral Hospital, Kabale, Uganda

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin D Dieckhaus ◽  
Peterson S Kyebambe
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Options ◽  
Diagnostic Testing ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Referral Hospital ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Human Brucellosis ◽  
Regional Referral Hospital ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Southwestern Uganda

Abstract Background Brucellosis is a zoonotic infection transmitted to humans through direct contact with infected animals, their products, or excreta such as urine or dung. Brucellosis is associated with significant morbidity in Southwestern Uganda, where cattle and goat rearing are a major economic industry. As in many settings in sub-Saharan Africa, diagnosis and management of brucellosis remain a challenge due to the presence of comorbidities and limitations in resources for diagnostic testing and therapy. Methods A chart review was conducted to characterize the clinical manifestations, diagnosis, comorbidities, and management of 101 patients treated for brucellosis at the Kabale Regional Referral Hospital from September 2002 to May 2010. Results Patients presented with substantial comorbidities. The most common manifestation of illness was osteoarticular, but disease manifestations were quite varied. A high rate of focal illness in this cohort (77%) was observed. Conclusions Clinicians in this setting should be cognizant of the varied presentations, comorbidities, and treatment options for this disease.

scholarly journals Clinicopathological profile of malaria patients in an Central African United Nations hospital

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 4106
Author(s):  
Kinshuk Kohli ◽  
Amit K. Das
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
Democratic Republic Of Congo ◽  
Central Africa ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Referral Hospital ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Duration Of Symptoms ◽  
Clinicopathological Profile

Background: Malaria is one of the most widespread diseases in the world. It is endemic in 91 countries. Each year 300-500 million cases of malaria are confirmed with 1.5-2.7 million deaths. Malaria is a major public health problem in Africa. A large number of united nations troops are deployed in central Africa making them vulnerable to malaria infection. Present study was undertaken to find out the clinical and laboratory findings of malaria cases in a United Nation’s referral hospital in Central Africa.Methods: It is a retrospective study of 150 confirmed and treated cases of malaria for a period of one year in a referral hospital for peace keeping troops and employees of United Nations in Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). Patients positive by ICT or slide positive were included. Detailed history, examination and lab features of these patients were recorded and analyzed.Results: A total of 150 patients were included in the study. Out of which 145 patients were of pure P. falciparum malaria, 02 patients had only P. vivax, and 03 patients were having mixed malaria. Fever was the main symptoms found in all patients. Headache was the second most predominant symptoms in (70%) patients. Other signs and symptoms were vomiting (31%), myalgia (38%), jaundice (10%), hepatosplenomegaly (15%), pallor (42%) and decreased urine output (8%). Duration of symptoms was between 4 to 15 days. Thrombocytopenia was observed in 43% patients. Jaundice in (10%), transaminitis in (25%). Anaemia was seen in 53% patients.Conclusions: Malaria was found to be the most common cause of admission in our hospital. It is important to suspect malaria in all persons deployed in DRC and presenting with fever and associated headache, jaundice, transaminitis and thrombocytopenia. Early diagnosis and treatment can be lifesaving to prevent complications and mortality.

scholarly journals Clinical manifestations and treatment outcomes of human brucellosis at a tertiary care center in Saudi Arabia

2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-114
Author(s):  
Jameela Edathodu ◽  
Maha Alamri ◽  
Khadijah Ahmed Alshangiti ◽  
Noura S. Alfagyh ◽  
Ahmed S. Alnaghmush ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Sample Size ◽  
Small Sample Size ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Human Brucellosis ◽  
Tertiary Care Center ◽  
Positive Serology

BACKGROUND: Brucellosis, which has profound public health and economic consequences, is endemic to Saudi Arabia. Brucella is transmitted to humans by direct contact with infected animals or by consumption of unpasteurized dairy products. Manifestations of brucellosis are protean and require a combination of drugs to prevent the emergence of resistance. The WHO recommends the use of doxycycline with rifampicin or an aminoglycoside for brucellosis, but experts in Saudi Arabia prefer to avoid the use of rifampicin and aminoglycosides to lessen the possibility of emergence of drug-resistant tuberculosis. OBJECTIVES: Compare rifampicin and doxycycline in the treatment of human brucellosis versus various combinations of doxycycline, with either trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (co-trimoxazole), quinolones or aminoglycosides, and describe the clinical manifestations of brucellosis. DESIGN: Retrospective medical record review. SETTING: Single tertiary care center. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Diagnosis of brucellosis was based on positive serology by standard agglutination test (SAT), or isolation by culture of Brucella species from blood, body fluid or tissue. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Cure rate with the use of doxycycline in combination with either co-trimoxazole, quinolone or aminoglyco-sides in comparison to doxycycline/rifampicin and the clinical features of brucellosis. SAMPLE SIZE: 123. RESULTS: In 118 (96%) patients, the median IgG/IgM antibody titers at diagnosis and at 6 and 12 months were 1:1280/1:1280, 1:640/1:640, and 1:320/1:160, respectively. There were no differences in outcome between treatment regimens, as evidenced by a significant decrease in SAT titers and symptom resolution within six months. Five (4%) patients relapsed from non-adherence to treatment, but responded well to a second course of treatment. Blood cultures were positive in 50 patients (41%) patients. Fever, arthralgia and back pain were the most common symptoms. Good serological and clinical responses were achieved in 96% of patients. Relapse in 4% (n=5) was due to self-reported non-adherence. LIMITATIONS: Retrospective, relatively small sample size. CONCLUSIONS: Doxycycline with co-trimoxazole is as efficacious as doxycycline/rifampicin in non-focal brucellosis and is preferred in countries with a high prevalence of tuberculosis. CONFLICT OF INTEREST: None.

Risk factors Associated in Acute Appendicitis in Pregnancy

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mojtaba Ahmadinejad ◽  
Seyed Mozaffar Hashemi ◽  
Mahnaz Jamee
Keyword(s):  
Acute Appendicitis ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Lower Quadrant ◽  
Rebound Tenderness ◽  
Abnormal Increase ◽  
Clinical Indices ◽  
Wbc Count

Backgrounds:: Acute appendicitis has been considered as the most common non-obstetric indication, that requires surgical intervention in pregnant women. Objective: The aim of this study is to compare clinical manifestations and para-clinical indices between pregnant and non-pregnant patients whom underwent appendectomy. Methods:: In this prospective cohort study, 57 pregnant and non-pregnant women, presenting appendicitis, were compared in terms of diagnostic indicators, histopathological characteristics and laboratory findings. Results:: Periumbilical region was the point of initiation of the pain, however, was more prominent in non-pregnant women. Similarly, tenderness in RLQ (right lower quadrant) of abdomen was more detectable in non-pregnant group and some of the cases has no rebound tenderness. Pregnant women with appendicitis were presented abnormal increase in WBC count. Conclusion:: Pregnancy and appendicitis-related signs and symptoms have similarity among them. Due to pregnancy, physical examination might not present exact diagnosis, therefore, pregnant women, susceptible have appendicitis must undergo complete and careful on-time examination that includes; ultrasound and labs.

scholarly journals Epidemiological, clinical, and laboratory findings for patients of different age groups with confirmed coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in a hospital in Saudi Arabia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mutasim E. Ibrahim ◽  
Obaid S. AL-Aklobi ◽  
Mosleh M. Abomughaid ◽  
Mushabab A. Al-Ghamdi
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Hemoglobin Concentration ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Creatine Kinase Mb ◽  
D Dimer

AbstractBackgroundAlthough the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic continues to rage worldwide, clinical and laboratory studies of this disease have been limited in many countries. We investigated the epidemiologic, clinical, and laboratory findings of COVID-19 infected patients to identify the effective indicators correlated with the disease.MethodsA retrospective study was conducted at King Abdullah Hospital in Bisha Province, Saudi Arabia, from March 20 to June 30, 2020. Patients of different age groups were confirmed as having COVID-19 infection using a real-time polymerase chain reaction. The demographic, clinical, and laboratory data of the patients were statistically analyzed.ResultsOf the 137 patients, 88 were male and 49 were female, with a mean age of 49.3 years (SD±18.4). The patients were elderly (n=29), adults (n=103), and children (n=5). Of these, 54 (39.4%) had comorbidities, 24% were admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU), and 12 (8.8%) died. On admission, the main clinical manifestations were fever (82.5%), cough (63.5%), shortness of breath (24.8%), chest pain (19.7%), and fatigue (18.2%).In all patients, increased neutrophils and decreased lymphocytes were observed. Patients’ lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) was elevated. C-reactive protein (CRP) was elevated in 46.7%, D-dimer in 41.6%, and the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) in 39.4% of patients. The elderly showed higher neutrophil (p=0.003) and lower lymphocyte (p=0.001) counts than adults and children. Glucose, creatine kinase-MB, LDH, bilirubin, D-dimer, and ESR were significantly higher in the elderly than in the adults. The COVID-19 death group had a higher leucocyte count (p = 0.043), and higher urea (p=0.025) and potassium (p=0.026) than the recovered group but had a lower hemoglobin concentration (p=0.018). A significant association was determined between COVID-19 death (χ2(1)=17.751, p<0.001), and the presence of cardiovascular disease (χ2(1)=17.049, p<0.001), hypertension (χ2(1)=7.659, p=0.006), renal failure (χ2(1)=4.172, p<0.04), old age (t(135) = 4.747, p <0.001), and ICU admission (χ2(1) = 17.751 (1), p<0.001).ConclusionsThe common symptoms found in this study could be useful for identifying potential COVID-19 patients. Investigating some of the laboratory and clinical parameters could help assess the disease progression, risk of mortality, and follow up patients who could progress to a fatal condition.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document