scholarly journals Comparison between Ramberg-Osgood and Hardin-Drnevich soil models in Midas GTS NX

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Majd Ahmad ◽  
Richard Ray
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Properties ◽  
Damping Ratio ◽  
Dynamic Shear Modulus ◽  
Resonant Column ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Material Models ◽  
Simple Shear Test ◽  
Finite Element Software ◽  
Loading Patterns ◽  
Irregular Loading

AbstractThis paper studies the two widely used material models for predicting the dynamic behavior of soils, the Ramberg-Osgood and Hadrin-Drnevich models. Resonant column and torsional simple shear test results on dry sand were used to calibrate and evaluate the model built in the finite element software Midas GTS NX. Both material models are already implemented by the software. This study estimates the ability and efficiency of both soil models coupled with the Masing criteria to predict the behavior of soil when subjected to irregular loading patterns, (e.g., earthquakes), and measure the two most important dynamic properties, the dynamic shear modulus, and the damping ratio.

Dynamic properties of some cohesive soils of Ontario

1981 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 371-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. C. Kim ◽  
M. Novak
Keyword(s):  
Void Ratio ◽  
Dynamic Behaviour ◽  
Dynamic Properties ◽  
Damping Ratio ◽  
Confining Pressure ◽  
Dynamic Loads ◽  
Dynamic Shear Modulus ◽  
Cohesive Soils ◽  
Resonant Column ◽  
Dynamic Shear

The dynamic behaviour of some cohesive soils of southwestern Ontario is experimentally investigated using a resonant column apparatus. Attention is concentrated particularly on the dynamic shear modulus, Young's modulus, and damping ratio. The variation of these characteristics with void ratio, confining pressure, strain, and stress history is studied. Data are presented that can be utilized in the design of foundations and structures exposed to dynamic loads.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Dynamic Properties of Sodium-Alginate-Reinforced Soil Using A Resonant-Column Test

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 2743
Author(s):  
Seongnoh Ahn ◽  
Jae-Eun Ryou ◽  
Kwangkuk Ahn ◽  
Changho Lee ◽  
Jun-Dae Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shear Modulus ◽  
Sodium Alginate ◽  
Shear Failure ◽  
Dynamic Properties ◽  
Damping Ratio ◽  
Reinforced Soil ◽  
Resonant Column ◽  
Column Test ◽  
Alginate Solution ◽  
Resonant Column Test

Ground reinforcement is a method used to reduce the damage caused by earthquakes. Usually, cement-based reinforcement methods are used because they are inexpensive and show excellent performance. Recently, however, reinforcement methods using eco-friendly materials have been proposed due to environmental issues. In this study, the cement reinforcement method and the biopolymer reinforcement method using sodium alginate were compared. The dynamic properties of the reinforced ground, including shear modulus and damping ratio, were measured through a resonant-column test. Also, the viscosity of sodium alginate solution, which is a non-Newtonian fluid, was also explored and found to increase with concentration. The maximum shear modulus and minimum damping ratio increased, and the linear range of the shear modulus curve decreased, when cement and sodium alginate solution were mixed. Addition of biopolymer showed similar reinforcing effect in a lesser amount of additive compared to the cement-reinforced ground, but the effect decreased above a certain viscosity because the biopolymer solution was not homogeneously distributed. This was examined through a shear-failure-mode test.

scholarly journals Multi-Scale Study of The Small-Strain Damping Ratio of Fiber-Sand Composites

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 2476
Author(s):  
Haiwen Li ◽  
Sathwik S. Kasyap ◽  
Kostas Senetakis
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Properties ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Damping Ratio ◽  
Polypropylene Fiber ◽  
Small Strain ◽  
Treatment Method ◽  
Fiber Content ◽  
Polypropylene Fibers ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Fiber Reinforced

The use of polypropylene fibers as a geosynthetic in infrastructures is a promising ground treatment method with applications in the enhancement of the bearing capacity of foundations, slope rehabilitation, strengthening of backfills, as well as the improvement of the seismic behavior of geo-systems. Despite the large number of studies published in the literature investigating the properties of fiber-reinforced soils, less attention has been given in the evaluation of the dynamic properties of these composites, especially in examining damping characteristics and the influence of fiber inclusion and content. In the present study, the effect of polypropylene fiber inclusion on the small-strain damping ratio of sands with different gradations and various particle shapes was investigated through resonant column (macroscopic) experiments. The macroscopic test results suggested that the damping ratio of the mixtures tended to increase with increasing fiber content. Accordingly, a new expression was proposed which considers the influence of fiber content in the estimation of the small-strain damping of polypropylene fiber-sand mixtures and it can be complementary of damping modeling from small-to-medium strains based on previously developed expressions in the regime of medium strains. Additional insights were attempted to be obtained on the energy dissipation and contribution of fibers of these composite materials by performing grain-scale tests which further supported the macroscopic experimental test results. It was also attempted to interpret, based on the grain-scale tests results, the influence of fiber inclusion in a wide spectrum of properties for fiber-reinforced sands providing some general inferences on the contribution of polypropylene fibers on the constitutive behavior of granular materials.

Shear Modulus and Damping Ratio of Gravel Material

2011 ◽  
Vol 105-107 ◽  
pp. 1426-1432 ◽  
Author(s):  
De Gao Zou ◽  
Tao Gong ◽  
Jing Mao Liu ◽  
Xian Jing Kong
Keyword(s):  
Shear Modulus ◽  
Shear Strain ◽  
Strain Amplitude ◽  
Damping Ratio ◽  
Confining Pressure ◽  
Dynamic Shear Modulus ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Dynamic Shear ◽  
Data Points ◽  
Shear Strain Amplitude

Two of the most important parameters in dynamic analysis involving soils are the dynamic shear modulus and the damping ratio. In this study, a series of tests were performed on gravels. For comparison, some other tests carried out by other researchers were also collected. The test results show that normalized shear modulus and damping ratio vary with the shear strain amplitude, (1) normalized shear modulus decreases with the increase of dynamic shear strain amplitude, and as the confining pressure increases, the test data points move from the low end toward the high end; (2) damping ratio increases with the increase of shear strain amplitude, damping ratio is dependent on confining pressure where an increase in confining pressure decreased damping ratio. According to the test results, a reference formula is proposed to evaluate the maximum dynamic shear modulus, the best-fit curve and standard deviation bounds for the range of data points are also proposed.

A Study on Dynamic Properties of Cement-Stabilized Soils

2011 ◽  
Vol 243-249 ◽  
pp. 2050-2054 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pei Hsun Tsai ◽  
Sheng Huoo Ni
Keyword(s):  
Shear Modulus ◽  
Dynamic Properties ◽  
Damping Ratio ◽  
Confining Pressure ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Resonant Column Test ◽  
Stabilized Soil ◽  
Shearing Strain ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

In this paper the dynamic property (shear modulus and damping ratio) of cement-stabilized soil is studied with using the resonant column test. The amount of cement admixed, the magnitude of confining pressure, and shearing strain amplitude are the parameters considered. Test results show that the maximum shear modulus of cement-stabilized soil increases with increasing confining pressure, the minimum damping ratio decreases with increasing confining pressure. The shear modulus of cement-stabilized soil decreases with increasing shearing strain while the damping ratio increases with increasing shearing strain. In the paper the relationship of shear modulus versus shearing strain is fitted into the Ramberg-Osgood equations using regression analysis.

scholarly journals Characterization of the Dynamic Properties of Clay–Gravel Mixtures at Low Strain Level

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1616 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xianwen Huang ◽  
Aizhao Zhou ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
Pengming Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Shear Modulus ◽  
Shear Strain ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Dynamic Properties ◽  
Damping Ratio ◽  
Confining Pressure ◽  
Strain Level ◽  
Dynamic Shear Modulus ◽  
Dynamic Shear ◽  
Gravel Content

In order to support the dynamic design of subgrade filling engineering, an experiment on the dynamic shear modulus (G) and damping ratio (D) of clay–gravel mixtures (CGMs) was carried out. Forty-two groups of resonant column tests were conducted to explore the effects of gravel content (0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, and 60%, which was the mass ratio of gravel to clay), gravel shape (round and angular gravels), and confining pressure (100, 200, and 300 kPa) on the dynamic shear modulus, and damping ratio of CGMs under the same compacting power. The test results showed that, with the increase of gravel content, the maximum dynamic shear modulus of CGMs increases, the referent shear strain increases linearly, and the minimum and maximum damping ratios decrease gradually. In CGMs with round gravels, the maximum dynamic shear modulus and the maximum damping ratio are greater, and the referent shear strain and the minimum damping ratio are smaller, compared to those with angular gravels. With the increase of confining pressure, the maximum dynamic shear modulus and the referent shear strain increase nonlinearly, while the minimum and maximum damping ratios decrease nonlinearly. The predicting equation for the dynamic shear modulus and the damping ratio of CGMs when considering confining pressure, gravel content, and shape was established. The results of this research may put forward a solid foundation for engineering design considering low-strain-level mechanical performance.

scholarly journals Dynamic Properties of Clean Sand Modified with Granulated Rubber

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dervis Volkan Okur ◽  
Seyfettin Umut Umu
Keyword(s):  
Shear Modulus ◽  
Dynamic Characteristics ◽  
Dynamic Properties ◽  
Damping Ratio ◽  
Relative Size ◽  
Cyclic Behavior ◽  
Damping Capacity ◽  
Resonant Column ◽  
Strain Dependent

Waste automobile tires are used as additives or replacements instead of traditional materials in civil engineering works. In geotechnical engineering, tires are shredded to certain sizes and mixed with soil, especially used as backfill material behind retaining walls or fill material for roadway embankments. Compared to soil, rubber has high damping capacity and low shear modulus. Therefore, it requires the determination of the dynamic characteristics of rubber/soil mixtures. In this paper, the cyclic behavior of recycled tire rubber and clean sand was studied, considering the effects of the amount and particle size of the rubber and confining stresses. A total of 40 stress-controlled tests were performed on an integrated resonant column and dynamic torsional shear system. The effects of the relative size and proportion of the rubber on the dynamic characteristics of the mixtures are discussed. The dynamic properties, such as the maximum shear modulus, strain-dependent shear modulus, and damping ratio, are examined. For practical purposes, simple empirical relationships were formulated to estimate the maximum shear modulus and the damping ratio. The change in the shear modulus and damping ratio with respect to shear strain with 5% of rubber within the mixture was found to be close to the behavior of clean sand.

scholarly journals Enhancing Vibration Reduction on Lightweight Lower Control Arm

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Alessandro Messana ◽  
Alessandro Ferraris ◽  
Andrea G. Airale ◽  
Alessandro Fasana ◽  
Massimiliana Carello
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Dynamic Properties ◽  
Damping Ratio ◽  
Vibration Reduction ◽  
Design Procedure ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Hybrid Lca ◽  
Original Solution ◽  
Lower Control Arm ◽  
Real Behavior

This paper describes the design procedure to enhance the damping properties of a multimaterial lightweight suspension arm for a C-segment vehicle. An innovative viscoelastic material has been used to join carbon fiber with steel that has a function of passive constrained layer damper and adhesive simultaneously. Therefore, the hybrid technology applied has been focused on reducing the LCA mass, diminishing the steel thickness, and adding a CFRP tailored cover without compromising the global mechanical performance. Particular attention has been paid to the investigation of the dynamic response in terms of vibration reduction, especially in the range of structure-borne frequencies of 0–600 Hz. Two different viscoelastic materials have been evaluated in such a way to compare their stiffness, damping, and dynamic properties. The experimental test results have been virtually correlated with a commercial FEM code to create the respective material card and predict the real behavior of the LCAs (original and hybrid). The experimental modal analysis has been performed and compared on both the arms highlighting a very good correlation between virtual and experimental results. In particular, the hybrid LCA allows an interesting improvement of damping ratio, about 3,5 times higher for each eigenmode than in the original solution.

Low Strain Dynamic Shear Modulus of Cemented Sand from Cone Penetration Test Results

1996 ◽  
Vol 1548 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anand J. Puppala ◽  
Yalcin B. Acar ◽  
Mehmet T. Tumay
Keyword(s):  
Shear Modulus ◽  
Test Data ◽  
Dynamic Shear Modulus ◽  
Resonant Column ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Dynamic Shear ◽  
Cone Penetration ◽  
Cemented Sand ◽  
Calibration Chamber ◽  
Interpretation Method

Low strain dynamic shear modulus property is generally used to subclassify soil strata, determine elastic settlements under geotechnical structures, and characterize the dynamic nature of soils. Several methods to interpret the dynamic shear modulus of sands from in situ friction cone test results have been developed. These methods used calibration chamber test data of clean sands. Therefore, these methods are not valid for interpreting the shear modulus of cemented sands. Introduced here is an interpretation method to estimate the shear modulus of cemented sand. Thirty-seven friction cone penetration tests (CPTs) were conducted on artificially cemented sand specimens of relative densities ranging from 45 percent to 85 percent and confining pressures ranging from 100 to 300 kPa in a laboratory stress-strain-controlled calibration chamber. Cementation levels of 1 and 2 percent were used in preparing cemented specimens. Resonant column tests were also conducted on the same sand with identical cementation levels. The CPT and resonant column test data are used in developing an interpretation method that includes semiempirical correlations. Simple interpretation charts are also provided to directly estimate the low strain shear modulus of cemented sand from tip resistance, unconfined compressive strength, and relative density data. Comparisons between predictions of the proposed interpretation method and the present measured shear modulus test data indicate that the interpretation charts have provided reasonable predictions. The comparisons also indicate that the predicted results on clean sands obtained by different researchers are in agreement with each other.

Measurement of dynamic properties of stiff specimens using ultrasonic waves

2011 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahid Khan ◽  
Giovanni Cascante ◽  
M. Hesham El Naggar
Keyword(s):  
Shear Wave ◽  
Dynamic Properties ◽  
Damping Ratio ◽  
Ultrasonic Waves ◽  
Resonant Column ◽  
Reliable Determination ◽  
Cemented Sand ◽  
Wave Velocities ◽  
Shear Wave Velocities ◽  
Ultrasonic Equipment

The measurement of low-strain properties (wave velocity and damping ratio) of geomaterials is affected by equipment-generated delays, coupling of transducers, and wave reflections. This study presents a new technique to measure ultrasonic properties of stiff specimens accurately. Compressional-wave velocities in cylindrical rods of different lengths and materials were measured using different ultrasonic equipment. The error induced by different equipment was below 1% after the measurements were corrected by the equipment time delay. Shear-wave velocities of different materials were measured using ultrasonic transducers (frequency < 1 MHz) and a resonant column device (frequency < 200 Hz). The difference in shear-wave velocities was less than 4%, and the measured values are in agreement with published results for all tested materials. A new methodology based on the first two reflections of the main pulse has been developed to measure the damping ratio of stiff specimens using ultrasonic equipment. The ultrasonic measurements of the damping ratio compare well with resonant column results. A more reliable determination of the dynamic Poisson’s ratio of a cemented sand was achieved using corrected ultrasonic-wave velocities.

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