Performance enhancing genetic variants, oxygen uptake, heart rate, blood pressure and body mass index of elite high altitude mountaineers

2013 ◽  
Vol 100 (3) ◽  
pp. 289-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trayana Djarova ◽  
D. Bardarev ◽  
D. Boyanov ◽  
R. Kaneva ◽  
P. Atanasov
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
High Altitude ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Genetic Variants ◽  
Performance Enhancing

Associations between being overweight, variability in heart rate, and well-being in the young men

2010 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klaus Schmid ◽  
Jana Schönlebe ◽  
Hans Drexler ◽  
Michael Mueck-Weymann
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Sporting Activities

AbstractAbnormalities of the autonomic nervous system have been repeatedly shown in hypertension. We studied the associations between being overweight, blood pressure, cardiac vagal tone as measured by variability in heart rate, and well-being in a large cohort of young men. We hypothesised an inverse correlation between body mass index and the variability in heart rate. Further, we assessed systolic and diastolic blood pressure as traditional indicators of cardiovascular risk. Exclusion criteria were the use of drugs or pharmaceuticals. The following data from 786 men with a mean age of 19.4 years (standard deviation = 1.4, with a range from 16 to 24 years) were analysed in a cross-sectional study: body mass index, sleep duration, sporting activities, psychological well-being, blood pressure, heart rate, and variability in heart rate. Despite the young age of the men in this study, increased values for the body mass index were already associated with a shift in sympathovagal balance trending towards sympathetic dominance. There was also a significant positive correlation between body mass index and systolic and diastolic blood pressure. A multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that significant factors, which were associated with variability in heart rate, were body mass index and sporting activities. In addition, sporting activity and sleep duration had a significant positive impact on psychological well-being. Even in young men, being overweight is associated with increased cardiovascular risk, especially an increased sympathetic and/or lowered cardiovascular tone and increased blood pressure. Our study gives additional motivation for the early prevention and treatment of obesity in childhood and adolescence.

scholarly journals Evidence of Hypertension in Healthy Children and Its Association with Body Composition and Aerobic Capacity

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 116-121
Author(s):  
Aaron Azzu Tetteh ◽  
Monday Omoniyi Moses
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Bone Mass ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Aerobic Capacity ◽  
Visceral Fat ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Healthy Children

Hypertension is mostly associated with adulthood and old age with little attention on children. This study provided evidence of hypertension in healthy children and its association with body composition and aerobic capacity (VO2max). 266 healthy children aged 8-11 years were recruited for the study. Blood pressure, heart rate, body mass index (BMI), basal metabolic rate (BMR), fat free mass, bone mass, visceral fat, total body water (TBW), and VO2max were measured. 18.79% were pre-hypertensive and 9.40% overweight at least, while 65.42% underweight. Correlation between blood pressure and maxVO2 was significant (P < 0.05). VO2max significantly correlate with body mass index (r = -.415, P < 0.05), fat mass (r = -.385, P < 0.05) negatively and visceral fat (r = -.267, P < 0.05) and positive with fat free mass (r =.385, P < 0.05) and bone mass (r =.077, P < 0.05). Gender differences were significant in BMR, TBW, VO2max and heart rate (P < 0.05). Evidence of hypertension in relatively healthy children is a clarion call to avert unprecedented decline in future life expectancy rate. Physical activity interventions are suggested antidotes to avert the risk factors of hypertension and excess body fat in children

Cardiorespiratory Effects of Weight Reduction by Exercise in Middle-Aged Women with Obesity

1994 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 160-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Katoh ◽  
Y Hara ◽  
K Narutaki
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Weight Reduction ◽  
The Body ◽  
Maximum Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Physical Strength ◽  
Exercise Period

The cardiorespiratory responses to weight reduction due to physical exercise were examined in fourteen women with obesity, aged 36 to 67 years (Body Mass Index, 32.4 ± 1.4 kg/m2). The patients were instructed to exercise at approximately 60% of maximum oxygen uptake for 2 h every day for approximately 3 months. To evaluate physical strength, a graded cycling exercise test was performed both before and after the exercise period, monitoring gas exchange, ventilation, and heart rate. After the exercise period the body mass index and percentage fat both decreased by 11% and 18%, respectively ( P < 0.001), although lean body mass did not change; maximum oxygen uptake and maximum heart rate did not change significantly, but peak ventilation equivalent, maximum metabolic equivalent and maximum load increased by 12%, 14% and 11%, respectively ( P < 0.05, P < 0.001 and P < 0.001, respectively). Maximum oxygen uptake per unit body weight increased by 5% ( P < 0.001). These results suggest that weight reduction as a result of exercise improves cardiorespiratory function in middle-aged women with obesity.

scholarly journals Bivariate genome-wide association study (GWAS) of body mass index and blood pressure phenotypes in northern Chinese twins

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. e0246436
Author(s):  
Zhaoying Li ◽  
Weijing Wang ◽  
Xiaocao Tian ◽  
Haiping Duan ◽  
Chunsheng Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Genetic Variants ◽  
Quantitative Trait ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Genome Wide Association ◽  
Genome Wide Association Studies ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Northern Chinese

Recently, new loci related to body mass index (BMI) or blood pressure (BP) have been identified respectively in genome-wide association studies (GWAS). However, limited studies focused on jointly associated genetic variance between systolic pressure (SBP), diastolic pressure (DBP) and BMI. Therefore, a bivariate twin study was performed to explore the genetic variants associated with BMI-SBP, BMI-DBP and SBP-DBP. A total of 380 twin pairs (137 dizygotic pairs and 243 monozygotic pairs) recruited from Qingdao Twin Registry system were used to access the genetic correlations (0.2108 for BMI-SBP, 0.2345 for BMI-DBP, and 0.6942 for SBP-DBP, respectively) by bivariate Cholesky decomposition model. Bivariate GWAS in 137 dizygotic pairs nominated 27 single identified 27 quantitative trait nucleotides (QTNs) for BMI and SBP, 27 QTNs for BMI and DBP, and 25 QTNs for SBP and DBP with the suggestive P-value threshold of 1×10−5. After imputation, we found eight SNPs, one for both BMI-SBP and SBP-DBP, and eight for SBP-DBP, exceed significant statistic level. Expression quantitative trait loci analysis identified rs4794029 as new significant eQTL in tissues related to BMI and SBP. Also, we found 6 new significant eQTLs (rs4400367, rs10113750, rs11776003, rs3739327, rs55978930, and rs4794029) in tissues were related to SBP and DBP. Gene-based analysis identified nominally associated genes (P < 0.05) with BMI-SBP, BMI-DBP, and SBP-DBP, respectively, such as PHOSPHO1, GNGT2, KEAP1, and S1PR5. In the pathway analysis, we found some pathways associated with BMI-SBP, BMI-DBP and SBP-DBP, such as prion diseases, IL5 pathway, cyclin E associated events during G1/S transition, TGF beta signaling pathway, G βγ signaling through PI3Kγ, prolactin receptor signaling etc. These findings may enrich the results of genetic variants related to BMI and BP traits, and provide some evidences to future study the pathogenesis of hypertension and obesity in the northern Chinese population.

scholarly journals Functional Ability of Cardiovascular System in Adolescents / Funkcionalna sposobnost kardiovaskularnog sistema kod adolescenata

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Goran Bošnjak ◽  
Vladimir Jakovljević ◽  
Gorana Tešanović ◽  
Velibor Srdić
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Functional Capacity ◽  
Functional Ability ◽  
Physical Ability ◽  
Before And After

Testing function of cardiovascular system is measured, the most often, physical ability and functional capacity of transport system or its parts. Many studies have found an association with obesity by reducing functional capacity of cardiovascular system that is correlated with physical ability to work. This research was conducted in order to determine the functional ability of cardiovascular system in adolescents to assess need of their sports activities at this age. The sample consisted of 55 high school students, male, 16 years old (+/- 6 months). For this research, the body mass index is used as a criterion for forming groups of respondents. The functional capacity of cardiovascular system is observed through variables: systolic and diastolic blood pressure before and after load and heart rate before and after load after performing Astrand test of ergometar bicycle. Analysis of functional abilities cardiovascular respondents before and after load, it was noted that in respondents who had a higher body mass index, showed higher values of systolic and diastolic blood pressure before and after load, as well as higher values of heart rate before and after load. This study confirmed previous numerous studies, stating that increased body mass index leads to harmful effects on cardiovascular system.

scholarly journals Association of Genetic Variants With Body-Mass Index and Blood Pressure in Adolescents: A Replication Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danick Goulet ◽  
Jennifer O’Loughlin ◽  
Marie-Pierre Sylvestre
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Genetic Variants ◽  
Mixed Models ◽  
Genetic Architecture ◽  
Initial Study ◽  
Positive Results ◽  
Shared Genetic

The strong correlation between adiposity and blood pressure (BP) might be explained in part by shared genetic risk factors. A recent study identified three nucleotide variants [rs16933812 (PAX5), rs7638110 (MRPS22), and rs9930333 (FTO)] associated with both body mass index (BMI) and systolic blood pressure (SBP) in adolescents age 12–18years. We attempted to replicate these findings in a sample of adolescents of similar age. A total of 713 adolescents were genotyped and had anthropometric indicators and blood pressure measured at age 13, 15, 17, and 24years. Using linear mixed models, we assessed associations of these variants with BMI and SBP. In our data, rs9930333 (FTO) was associated with body mass index, but not systolic blood pressure. Neither rs16933812 (PAX5) nor rs7638110 (MRPS22) were associated with body mass index or systolic blood pressure. Although, differences in phenotypic definitions and in genetic architecture across populations may explain some of the discrepancy across studies, nucleotide variant selection in the initial study may have led to false-positive results that could not be replicated.

scholarly journals Hubungan Perilaku Sedentary dengan Indeks Massa Tubuh dan Tekanan Darah serta Denyut Jantung pada Pegawai Struktural dan Administrasi RSUD Provinsi Sulawesi Utara

e-CliniC ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Caesario S. J. Walukouw ◽  
Christopher Lampah ◽  
Joudy Gessal
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Strong Correlation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
North Sulawesi ◽  
Administrative Employees ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

Abstract: Due to high technology, sedentary behavior develops worldwide. Some conse-quences that might arise due to sedentary behavior inter alia increases in body mass index, blood pressure, and heart rate. The prevalences of obesity and high blood pressure in North Sulawesi are the highest ones in Indonesia. This study was aimed to identify the relationship between sedentary behavior and body mass index (BMI), blood pressure as well as heart rate among structural and administrative employees of North Sulawesi Regional Hospital as subjects. This was an analytical and observational study with a cross sectional design. Direct observation was performed on all subjects. The results showed that there were 37 employees as subjects. There was a strong correlation between sedentary behavior and blood pressure (r=0.684); a negative and very weak correlation between sedentary behavior and BMI (r=-0.101); and a very strong correlation between sedentary behavior and heart rate (r=0.796). In conclusion, there were relationships between sedentary behavior and blood pressure as well as heart rate. Albeit, there was no relationship between sedentary behavior and body mass indexKeywords: sedentary behavior, body mass index, blood pressure, heart rate Abstrak: Dengan kemajuan teknologi maka perilaku sedentary makin meningkat di seluruh dunia. Beberapa akibat yang dapat terjadi akibat perilaku sedentary ialah meningkatnya indeks massa tubuh (IMT), tekanan darah, dan denyut jantung. Prevalensi obesitas dan tekanan darah tinggi di Sulawesi Utara ialah yang tertinggi di seluruh Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara perilaku sedentary dengan IMT, tekanan darah, serta denyut jantung pada pegawai struktural dan administrasi RSUD Provinsi Sulawesi Utara. Jenis penelitian ialah analitik observasional dengan desain potong lintang. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan pengamatan langsung terhadap subyek penelitian yaitu pegawai struktural dan administrasi RSUD Provinsi Sulawesi Utara yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan korelasi kuat antara perilaku sedentary dengan tekanan darah (r=0,684); korelasi negatif yang sangat lemah antara perilaku sedentary dengan IMT (r=-0,101); dan korelasi sangat kuat antara perilaku sedentary dengan denyut jantung (r=0,796). Simpulan penelitian ini ialah terdapat hubungan antara perilaku sedentary dengan tekanan darah dan denyut jantung tetapi tidak terdapat hubungan antara perilaku sedentary dan indeks massa tubuhKata kunci: perilaku sedentary, indeks massa tubuh, tekanan darah, denyut jantung

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