The Strict Father and the Nurturant Parent: The Deep Structure of Conservative and Liberal Political Value Systems in the United States

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-137
Author(s):  
Tamás Bodor
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Deep Structure ◽  
The United States ◽  
Value Systems ◽  
Nurturant Parent ◽  
Political Value

scholarly journals STRUCTURES OF MODERN HEGEMONY: THE USA CASESTUDY

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Dynamic Characteristics ◽  
Power Distribution ◽  
World System ◽  
The United States ◽  
Mobility Control ◽  
Value Systems ◽  
Stable Set ◽  
The World ◽  
Normative Value

The present paper is devoted to the study of hegemony as a process of power distribution, which is based on the constant interaction of modes – dynamic characteristics of hegemony. Hegemony was often viewed as a phenomenon or state of political and ethical reality though macrohistorical, world-system and socio-economic studies during the twentieth century showed that hegemony should be considered as a process, i.e. as a whole directed and stable set of relationships (economic, social, political, military, cultural, etc.), which form the normative-value space of both society and forms of political organization, such as empires or modern states. The article analyzes the hegemony of the United States of America as a modern empire, which is characterized by transnationality, the use of «reasonable power» and the creation of an extensive infrastructure of control and discipline in various spheres of life of both societies and states. The use of structural-functional and world-system approaches has shown that US hegemony consists of four main modes (as further research may reveal other modes): capital, power, power relations, and ideology, which have a specific set of structures with their own content that provide reproduction of hegemony and its further expansion. It is proved that dollarization of the world, control over the banking system and stock exchanges, constant use of its own military forces and their mobility, control over international associations (both global and local levels), transnationalization of culture, technology and information, production of global trends, transformation of hierarchies of values and globalization processes are components of modern hegemony, its dynamic characteristics and structures that ensure its functionality. The existing structures create a dominant position of the United States in the world, which is reflected in the transformation of normative value systems of different societies, and also serve as a basis for structural and functional metamorphoses in political systems of different countries in the orbit of hegemonic influence.

Engaging South Asian youth and families: A clinical review

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (6) ◽  
pp. 584-592
Author(s):  
Neha Sharma ◽  
Deepika Shaligram ◽  
Grace H Yoon
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
United States ◽  
South Asian ◽  
Asian American ◽  
Mental Health Treatment ◽  
Minority Group ◽  
The United States ◽  
Asian Immigrants ◽  
Value Systems ◽  
Mental Health Stigma

Objective: South Asians (SAs), a rapidly growing minority group in the United States are underrepresented in mental health research. They represent a unique sub-group of Asian immigrants in that their journey to the United States in the last 50 years was driven by the pursuit of academic and career opportunities. Our goal is to provide a topical overview of factors contributing to the mental health challenges of South Asian American (SAA) youth and to describe culturally sensitive approaches that would provide effective treatment for SAA youth and their families. Methods: We conducted a review of published literature in PubMed and PsycInfo search engines using the key words South Asian immigrants, South Asian Americans, psychological, psychiatric, mental health treatment, therapy and interventions. Results: The challenges faced by these highly educated families are distinctive in that there is a struggle to maintain ethnic identity based on collectivism while embracing American ideals of individualism. These opposing values along with model minority expectations put SAs at high risk for mental health concerns and acculturative family distancing. Furthermore, mental health stigma impedes help-seeking. Mental health practitioners must navigate the different value systems of the parent–child dyad without ostracizing either generation and deliver effective care. Hence, culturally adapted family therapy and community-based approaches may be particularly relevant in SA youth. Conclusion: Our article outlines common family attitudes and issues pertinent to mental health in youth and discusses useful clinical approaches to dealing with SAA youth and their families.

Anglo-American Nuclear Weapons Cooperation After the Nassau Conference: The British Policy of Interdependence

2000 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Middeke
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Cold War ◽  
Soviet Union ◽  
The United States ◽  
Great Power ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Anglo American ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Political Value ◽  
East West

The Anglo-American summit at Nassau in December 1962 did not strictly separate Britain's deterrent from the proposed Multilateral Force (MLF). As a result, Conservative governments in the 1960s tried to safeguard maximum British independence in nuclear relations with the United States. The British tried to thwart American initiatives on the mixed-manned MLF; some British officials even hoped to preserve an “independent British deterrent” through nuclear cooperation with France. For the United States, the British deterrent had political value in an intra-alliance or East-West context, but no military or political significance in itself. The MLF idea of bilateral nuclear cooperation with Britain and France was a means to contain French and German nuclear ambitions and to settle Cold War disputes with the Soviet Union. In London, however, leading officials believed that Britain's future as a great power was inextricably linked to the possession of an independent nuclear deterrent. When nuclear independence was lost, the appearance of independence became more important.

scholarly journals A Tale of Two Americas: The American Dream in Cobra Kai

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 219-235
Author(s):  
Ilias Ben Mna
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
American Dream ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
The United States ◽  
Blue Collar ◽  
Fertile Ground ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Nurturant Parent ◽  
Reagan Era ◽  
Shed Light

Which different conceptions of the so-called “American Dream” are still alive or gaining ground in the increasingly polarized social climate of the United States during the Trump era? I intend to shed light on this question by analyzing the different types of success ethics presented in the highly popular Netflix series Cobra Kai (2018 - present). This will include an investigation into notions of merit and masculinity and how they are intertwined in the principal conflict between the two main characters: the blue-collar Johnny Lawrence and the affluent Daniel LaRusso – both of whom operate their own respective karate schools. I will embed this conflict within a theoretical framework undergirded by Michael Sandel’s observations on contemporary definitions of “meritocracy” and the associated “rhetoric of rising.” In addition, I will lean on George Lakoff’s linguistic concepts of the “strict vs nurturant parent,” and Lauren Berlant’s notion of “cruel optimism.” In doing so, I hope to illuminate the deep-seated workings of competing philosophies on what “it takes to get ahead” in today’s United States. One of my main findings is that Lawrence’s brand of hard-bodied, Reagan-era masculinity is mutually reinforced with LaRusso’s incremental and cosmopolitan approach, thereby perpetuating polarization and antagonism. The fact that both karate teachers are keen to impart their vision on a younger generation is also indicative of how this enmity represents a battle for the “soul of America.” Given ongoing trends toward increasing social, economic, and cultural divides within the U.S., it is of great importance to examine how these developments are negotiated in popular culture. Cobra Kai offers fertile ground for addressing this question.

scholarly journals Entrepreneurship of Poles in the light of changes in value systems

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
pp. 101-118
Author(s):  
Ewa Gruszewska
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Role Models ◽  
Social Acceptance ◽  
The United States ◽  
Value Systems ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
Entrepreneurial Behaviour ◽  
Entrepreneurial Attitudes ◽  
The Social ◽  
Increased Susceptibility

Poland’s transformation is occurring in individuals’ attitudes and behaviour. Several years ago, the entrepreneur was associated in Poland with corruption and borderline legal activities. Today, many entrepreneurs are looked upon as positive role models. Social acceptance of entrepreneurial attitudes in Poland is growing. Increased susceptibility to entrepreneurial behaviour in society will increase the rate at which new businesses are established, enhancing market dynamics and accelerating innovative changes. In Poland, however, entrepreneurs are not seen as a positive example, unlike in the United States. Willingness to take risks, selfexpression and independence are not met with social acceptance, especially if rewarded with high incomes. The research undertaken by the author is aimed at analysing the essence of entrepreneurial attitudes and changes in the social acceptance of entrepreneurial behaviour.

“Small” Stories and Meganarratives: Accountability in Balance

2009 ◽  
Vol 111 (2) ◽  
pp. 547-572 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret R. Olson ◽  
Cheryl J. Craig
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Final Analysis ◽  
The United States ◽  
Value Systems ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Teachers And Students ◽  
Small Stories ◽  
Individual Success

Background/Context Meganarratives, or “grand stories,” are composed of loosely held ideas about standardization, the rhetoric of education for all, the focus on individual success, and the appearance of representative diversity that rarely take into account human diversity embedded in deeply rooted value systems and authentically present in “the realm of face-to-face relationships.” Purpose/Objective/Research/Question/Focus of Study In this article, we offer atypical, noncanonical “small” stories as accounts of ways in which teachers and students live in small moments of diversity unseen and unheard within prevailing meganarratives of accountability. Setting This research took place in the mid-southern United States and eastern Canada. Population/Participants/Subjects Research participants included a preservice teacher candidate in Canada and an in-service teacher in the United States. Research Design Through using narrative inquiry as a human research method, we feature small storied nuggets of teachers and students breaking through “surface equilibriums and uniformities” to challenge educational orthodoxies that cast long shadows on their work and their relationships and add to the complexities of their lives. Conclusions/Recommendations In the final analysis, we argue for fluid back-and-forth movement between small stories and meganarratives in order to nurture dialectical relationships between and among theory, practice, and policy. Such an approach would create spaces for experiences of accountability to be lived and told, and relived and retold, in more balanced ways.

The Cotton-Textile Institute and the Government: A Case Study in Interacting Value Systems

1964 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 186-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louis P. Galambos
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
The United States ◽  
Value Systems ◽  
Cotton Textile ◽  
Business Association ◽  
The Government ◽  
Textile Institute

The process of mutual accommodation between government and business in the United States is well illustrated in this study of the strategy and tactics of a key twentieth-century business association.

scholarly journals Industrial Relations System Transformation

ILR Review ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher L. Erickson ◽  
Sarosh Kuruvilla
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Deep Structure ◽  
Industrial Relations ◽  
Evolutionary Model ◽  
The United States ◽  
Fundamental Change ◽  
Punctuated Equilibrium Theory ◽  
System Transformation ◽  
Basic Assumptions

The authors use two models from biological science—the evolutionary model of gradual adaptation, and the contrasting punctuated equilibrium theory that posits occasional periods of rapid, fundamental change punctuating longer periods of stability—to define industrial relations system “transformation” and explore its implications. An industrial relations system can be said to have undergone transformation, they argue, when the network of basic assumptions and principles underlying that system, or its “deep structure,” is changed, and such change can occur either through gradual adaptation or through abrupt revolution. They apply this conceptual framework to industrial relations system changes in Sweden, South Africa, New Zealand, and the United States.

Attitudes and Language Behaviour

1983 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. J. Warkentyne
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
The United States ◽  
Value Systems ◽  
Canadian Identity ◽  
Economic Class ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
History Of ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
Conflict Of Value

One of the recent developments in sociolinguistics is the investigation of the relationship between a speaker’s personal disposition or cultural value system and his language behaviour. William Labov (1963) notes that a tendency of the inhabitants of Martha’s Vineyard to modify their pronunciation of diphthongs relates to their feelings of resentment towards intruders from the mainland United States. In a later publication, Labov (1964:94) observes that language may be viewed as a system for integrating cultural values, and he cites the conflict of value systems as a probable cause for the failure of students to acquire Standard English despite their exposure to 12 years of teaching. Although in many instances value systems may closely parallel social classes, certain types of values, such as those associated with political and religious persuasions, for example, cut across socio-economic classes. It follows from this that, by isolating attitudes from socio-economic class descriptions, a more accurate assessment can be made of their effects on language behaviour.In English-speaking Canada, and particularly in British Columbia, some Canadians identify themselves culturally with Britain and its people, some with the United States, and others actively seek a uniquely Canadian identity. The reasons for these differences in outlook are not difficult to find, given the history of the settlement of Canada and of its political and economic development. Nor is it surprising that Canadian English has been characterized as “a dialect which resembles American English in some respects and British English in others and includes, at the same time, a great deal that is significantly Canadian” (Avis 1966:19). This paper attempts to show that the attitudes referred to above are reflected in language usage.

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