scholarly journals Validity of testing and training using the kayak ergometer

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 318-324
Author(s):  
I.P. Zanevskyy ◽  
W. Chodinow ◽  
L.H. Zanevska
Keyword(s):  
Strength Training ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Strength Testing ◽  
Interclass Correlation ◽  
Rowing Performance ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Ergometer Rowing ◽  
Training Exercises ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
And Training

Background and Study Aim. The paper is dedicated to the problem of the strength testing and training using the ergometer rowing performance in the flat water kayak sport. The aim of the research was to create a model of validity based on the relationship between the ergometer and on-water performance competition rowing. Material and Methods. Nineteen 15-17 years old male kayak rowers during the off-season were randomly divided into two groups. An experimental group trained according the same program as the control group, but two times a week a part of the common strength training exercises was substituted with a high-intensity strength training using the ergometer rowing. A whole amount of strength loading on all the rowers of the two groups was equal. Validity of testing and training of the ergometer rowing in the kayak sport was evaluated using interclass correlation between competition performance on 500 m on-water kayak and ergometer rowing. Results. Strong significant correlation is revealed between competition performance of on-water kayak and ergometer rowing before and after the off-season (| r | = 0.892, 0.902, p <0.001), that shows rather good validity. Other result of the correlation analysis shows good prognostic ability of the ergometer performance regarding competition performance of on-water kayaking (| r | = 0.913). Conclusions. The proposed model based on the relationship between the ergometer and on-water performance competition rowing shows rather good validity of the strength testing and training in the on-water kayak sport.

The Application of Autogenic Feedback Training in a Smoking Termination Program

1980 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 331-341
Author(s):  
Jean K. Boullion ◽  
W. William Chen
Keyword(s):  
Practical Method ◽  
Anxiety Reduction ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Feedback Training ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Effective Adjunct ◽  
Experimental Group

The tremendous potential for autogenic feedback training in helping smokers to deal with their anxiety before and after termination as well as the need to make autogenic feedback training in a practical method for smoking termination prompted this study which: (1) investigated the changes in smoking activity in subjects who have had autogenic feedback training and those who have not; (2) investigated the relationship between the success in performing autogenic feedback and the success in smoking termination; and (3) investigated the effect of autogenic feedback training on anxiety reduction before and after smoking termination. Twenty-three subjects were randomly assigned to two groups. The first group received the autogenic feedback training initially while the second group served as the control. This control group became a second experimental group upon the completion of the first phase. The results of the study revealed that the autogenic feedback training was an effective adjunct to a smoking termination program. Eighty-one per cent reduction in smoking activity was found for the subjects that received the training.

scholarly journals Effects of a periodized functional strength training program (FST) on Functional Movement Screen (FMS) in physical education students

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 162-167
Author(s):  
Michał Sawczyn
Keyword(s):  
Physical Education ◽  
Strength Training ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Training Intervention ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Signed Rank Test ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Experimental Group

Background and Study Aim: To examine the effects of periodized functional strength training (FST) on FMS scores of sport university students with higher risk of injury. Material and Methods: Thirty three  participants (age 21.6±1.3 years, height 177.8±6.9 m, mass 80.4±7.7 kg) with FMS total score ≤ 14 were selected from eighty two volunteered students of University of Physical Education and Sport in Gdańsk and randomly assigned to experimental group (n=16) and control group (n=17). The FMS test was conducted one week before and one week after the 12 week training intervention. The experimental group participated in FST program through 12 weeks. The control group did not engaged in any additional physical activity than planned in their course of study. The  collected  data  were  analysed  using Statistica 13.3 pl (StatSoft Inc). Wilcoxon signed rank test was used to establish the statistical significance of the difference between FMS total scores within each group and Mann Whitney U test between groups before and after the 12 week training intervention. Results: 45 % of volunteers in the first FMS testing showed total scores ≤14. The experimental group that participated in FST program changed significantly FMS total scores after 12 weeks (p<0.05). There were also significant differences in FMS total score between groups after the experiment (p<0.05). Conclusions: There is a need for injury prevention programs for students of University of Physical Education and Sport in Gdańsk. It is clear from this study that FST is effective in improving FMS total score in students with cut off score ≤14.

scholarly journals Effect of Resistance Training with Different Intensities on Airway Resistance Indices and Fatigue and Muscular Endurance in Women with Multiple Sclerosis (MS)

Thrita ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ameneh Balavi ◽  
Mohsen Ghanbarzade
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Airway Resistance ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Moderate Intensity Exercise ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Training Exercises

Background: Airways resistance and broncho-spasm due to exercise are very common. Factors such as exercise, temperature, humidity, air pollution, and disease affect this complication. This study was performed due to the increase in physical disability of muscle weakness in patients with MS and the lack of information on the effect of different strength training exercises on air resistance. Objectives: The current study aimed to investigate the effect of resistance training with different intensities on airway resistance indices of women with MS. Methods: Thirty six women with Multiple sclerosis who had a disability criterion ranged from 1 to 4 (based on Krutzke’s disability scale) were sampled using the targeted and purposive sampling methods. They were selected based on the initial health conditions and then were randomly assigned to each of the three groups (each consisting of 12 participants). The first group received resistance training for 12 weeks, three sessions a week with intensity 60% 1RM, and the second group received resistance training for 12 weeks, three sessions a week with intensity 80% 1RM. Those in the control group didn’t have an exercise program. Results: Airway resistance indices were measured both before and after 12 weeks of resistance training, airway resistance indices in both groups was significantly decreased, and these changes were significant in both experimental groups as compared to the control group. Conclusions: According to the findings, in addition to improving balance, fatigue, and muscle endurance, high-intensity resistance training had similar effects to moderate-intensity exercise on pulmonary function indices in women with MS.

scholarly journals Aspirin Resistance as a Result of Impaired Interaction of Platelets and Neutrophils in Patients with Coronary Heart Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-22
Author(s):  
M. D. Goncharov ◽  
A. A. Savchenko ◽  
Yu. I. Grinshtein ◽  
I. I. Gvozdev ◽  
A. A. Kosinova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Superoxide Radical ◽  
Maximum Intensity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Platelet Activity ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
The Relationship

Aim. To study the relationship between the levels of synthesis of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by platelets and neutrophils in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) before and after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), depending on sensitivity to acetylsalicylic acid (ASA).Material and methods. The study included 95 patients with coronary artery disease who are indicated for CABG surgery. The control group consisted of 30 healthy donors. The antiplatelet therapy was stopped for at least 5 days before CABG. In the postoperative period, from the first day, all patients were received 100 mg of an enteric form of acetylsalicylic acid (ASA). Resistance to ASA was determined at the level of platelet aggregation with arachidonic acid ≥20% by optical agregometry at least at one observation point: before CABG, on 1-3 day and on 8-10 day after surgery. We evaluated the spontaneous and induced lucigenin-dependent chemiluminescence (CL) of platelets (ADP induction) and neutrophils (zymosan induction) by the exit time to maximum intensity (Tmax), maximum intensity (Imax) and area (S) under the CL curve.Results. 70.5% sensitive (sASA) and 29.5% resistant (rASA) to ASA patients were revealed. Prior to CABG, in sASA patients, the Imax of spontaneous and zymosan-induced neutrophil CL and CL platelet activity was increased relative to control values. Tmax of spontaneous platelet CL, Imax and S under the ADP-induced platelet CL curve were lower in sASA patients, if to compare with rASA patients. On the 1st and 8-10th day after CABG in sASA patients, the CL indicators of neutrophil and platelet activity also remained elevated compared to control values. On the 1st day after CABG decreased levels of S under the spontaneous CL curve of neutrophils in rASA patients was established compared with sASA patients, and increased levels of Imax and S under the curve of induced neutrophil CL were detected in comparison with the control range. In rASA patients, the values of Tmax of spontaneous platelet CL decreased in relation to the values detected in the control group and sASA patients. On the 8–10th day after CABG, most indicators of spontaneous and zymosan-induced CL neutrophils in rASA patients were also increased compared to control values. In rASA patients a positive correlation of Imax-induced CL was found (r=0.83) on the 1st day after CABG and negative correlations of Tmax of spontaneous CL (r=- 0.75) and S under the curve induced CL (r=-0.70) on the 8-10th day were detected between platelets and neutrophils.Conclusion. In sASA patients with coronary heart disease before and after CABG, a high level of synthesis of superoxide radical by neutrophils and platelets was detected. The relationship between the levels of the synthesis of superoxide radical by neutrophils and platelets was found only after CABG in rASA patients. Increased synthesis of superoxide radical due to metabolic and regulatory relationships in neutrophils and platelets stimulates pro-inflammatory processes in coronary artery disease and determines the sensitivity of platelets to ASA.

scholarly journals The Effects of a Peer-Counseling Program on Increase Rate and Continuity of Lactation in Tehran Nursing Mothers

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Nayeri ◽  
Nahid Farrokhzad ◽  
Tahereh Esmaeilnia ◽  
Nikoo Niknafs ◽  
Hossein Dalili ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Target Population ◽  
Peer Counseling ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Breastfeeding Initiation ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Nursing Mothers ◽  
And Training ◽  
Initiation Of Breastfeeding

Objective: The practice of breastfeeding is considered a blessing since its effects on health are well recognized and applies to both mothers and infants. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of peer support and training on breastfeeding initiation, duration and exclusivity. Materials and methods: This community-based clinical trial, (IRCT No: 201504049568N12), was conducted during 2015 in the Municipality of Tehran 19 District. First, a total of 150 mothers with their infants from 4 to 20 months of age were asked to complete a questionnaire, which included the demographic characteristics, educational level, and the type of lactation, the initial age of infant for breastfeeding, and the duration of exclusive breastfeeding. Afterwards, 25 volunteer women were selected for lactation counseling. After 6 months, another sample of 116 nursing mothers in the region who had received peer counseling was selected and questioned through the previously mentioned questionnaire. Finally, the results, which were collected from the behavior of the target population before and after the intervention, were compared. Results: The results of the present study indicated that the nursing mothers who received peer counseling proved to have longer durations of breastfeeding (P-value = 0.039), and higher frequency of first hour initiation of breastfeeding (P-value = 0.003) however, the volunteer counselors were mainly housewives who had lower levels of education (P-value = 0.009) and were younger (P-value = 0.009) than those of untrained control group. Conclusion: The study demonstrated the significant effect of peer counseling on breastfeeding initiation and continuation. It is suggested that lactation training could be initiated during the prenatal period along with the conventional methods of training.  

scholarly journals THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DENTAL ARCH DIMENSIONS & INCISAL ABNORMALITIES TO THE MISARTICULATION OF CONSONANTS IN CHILDREN WITH ORAL CLEFTS

2012 ◽  
Vol 02 (04) ◽  
pp. 28-33
Author(s):  
Amarshree Shetty ◽  
Kavita Rai ◽  
Amitha M. Hegde ◽  
T. Dattatreya
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Palate ◽  
Surgical Correction ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dental Arch ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Oral Clefts ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Normal Speech

AbstractThe objective of the present study was to evaluate the association between the dental arch dimensions and the incisal abnormalities or anomalies, to the consonant mis-articulations in children with unilateral cleft palate with the involvement of lip, before and after surgical correction.50 Non-syndromic children with unilateral cleft palate belonging to various experimental groups and 25 non-cleft children (control group) between the age group of 7-9 years were selected for the study. Dental arch dimensions were measured on the dental casts & the selected consonants were evaluated from all the four groups, by 3 qualified speech pathologists and then statistically analyzed. Reduction in the dental arch dimensions was observed in children with untreated cleft palate which further decreased after surgery. The correct production of all the selected consonants /ta/, /da/, /tha/, /dha/, /na/, /na/, /la/, /sa/ and /sha/ which was observed to be 15% in the untreated CP group, improved upto 52.4% after surgical correction in spite of the reduction in the dental arch dimensions. Speech analysis showed a high percentage of distorted sounds were maximum in untreated CP patients which decreased in surgically treated CP patients. Substituted sounds which was found to be absent in untreated cleft palate patients was observed in children who had undergone surgical correction of the palate Conclusion: the reduced arch dimensions and incisal abnormalities may be contributing factors which do not allow 100% normal speech in children with oral clefts.

scholarly journals The Effects of Creatine on Blood Pressure Before, and After High Intensity Training

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob Schmitz ◽  
Tyler Jakes
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Strength Training ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Training Session ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Placebo Control ◽  
Division Iii ◽  
High Intensity Training ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Difference

It is known that systolic blood pressure (SBP) drops five to seven mmHg for 22 hours immediately after a workout in individuals the have moderate hypertension, and that in individuals with optimal blood pressure (BP), one can expect to see a drop of four to five mmHg for over the following 22 hours. Creatine (CRE), one of the most recognized supplemental aids to enhance performance of high-intensity exercise, has convincingly substantiated its ergogenic potential (Naderi et al. 2016). However, little has been researched on the connection between creatine and blood pressure. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of CRE on BP after a bout of high intensity strength training on Division III football players at Gustavus Adolphus College. This study is a one sample research design. Each athlete had their blood pressure measured four total times. One resting BP was taken before the consumption of CRE and the other was taken 18-22 hours after the consumption of creatine. The same was done when each subject participated in the control group as well. The subjects were given the creatine or placebo (control) at random for their first trial and then given the opposite for the second trial one week later. The independent variable was consumption of CRE. The dependent variables were SBP and diastolic blood pressure (DBP). The difference in SBP and DBP between the trials were calculated and analyzed using a paired sample t-test. Results showed that CRE trial BPs were slightly higher than in control trials although the difference was not significant (p&lt;0.05). The results of the study gave a better understanding of the effects of CRE on BP after a high intensity strength training session.

Effects of Exercise on Bone Density, Balance, and Self-Efficacy in Older Women

2003 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 171-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
James V. Jessup ◽  
Claydell Horne ◽  
R. K. Vishen ◽  
Donna Wheeler
Keyword(s):  
Bone Density ◽  
Strength Training ◽  
Older Women ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Stair Climbing ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Balance Exercises ◽  
Training Exercises

The effects of weighted vest walking and strength-training exercises on bone mineral density (BMD), balance, strength, and self-efficacy were tested in older women. Eighteen women, age 69.2 ± 3.5 years, were randomly assigned to an exercise group (EG) ( n = 9), or a sedentary control group (CG) ( n = 9). The EG participated in 32 weeks (three 1-h sessions/week) of supervised strength training and walking, stair climbing, and balance exercises while wearing weighted vests. The CG did not exercise. All women took Ca²+ and vitamin D during the study period. Measures included 1) BMD of the hip and lumbar spine measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, 2) strength, 3) balance, and 4) scores on a self-efficacy instrument. The EG had significant improvements in bone density of the femoral neck and balance and a significant weight loss ( P < 0.05). There were no changes in self-efficacy in either group.

Induced Premaxillary Suture Fusion: Class III Malocclusion Model

2008 ◽  
Vol 87 (9) ◽  
pp. 856-860 ◽  
Author(s):  
W.H. Ruan ◽  
J.N. Winger ◽  
J.C. Yu ◽  
J.L. Borke
Keyword(s):  
Cranial Base ◽  
Craniofacial Morphology ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Class Iii Malocclusion ◽  
Obvious Change ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Suture Fusion ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Experimental Group

The etiology of class III malocclusion remains unknown. The present study investigates the relationship between craniofacial morphology and premaxillary suture fusion to test the hypothesis that class III malocclusion may be related to premaxillary suture fusion. Cyanoacrylate was applied to immobilize the left premaxillary suture in the experimental group. Sham surgeries in rats were used for controls. Dental impressions and radiographs were taken before and after surgery for comparison of craniofacial differences between groups. Overall cranial base lengths, craniofacial widths, and craniofacial angulations related to the anterior base showed significant differences between groups. At the end of the experiment, the growth of the snout in the experimental group was inhibited and deviated to the treated side, while no obvious change was seen in the control group. The results show that induced premaxillary suture fusion can affect craniofacial morphology and indicate that premature premaxillary suture fusion may result in class III malocclusion.

scholarly journals The effect of tonsillectomy with adenoidectomy on medical services used in association with otitis media based on Korean national sample cohort data

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Junhui Jeong ◽  
Jung Kyu Choi ◽  
Jae Sung Nam ◽  
Hyang Ae Shin ◽  
Jung Hyun Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Otitis Media ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Medical Services ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cohort Data ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Before And After ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background The effect of tonsillectomy with adenoidectomy (T&A) on otitis media has been investigated, but there have been no reports of the relationship between T&A and medical services used in association with otitis media. We investigated the effect of T&A on otitis media with regard to the number and cost of medical services used. Methods From the National Health Insurance Service National Sample Cohort data in Korea, we selected patients 7 years old or younger in 2002 who had T&A in 2005 while between the ages of three and ten. A control group was established matching the patient group with similar propensities of demographic characteristics. The number and cost of medical services used in association with otitis media were analyzed for 3 years before T&A through 8 years after T&A. Results The total number of patients was 1,338, with 227 in the T&A group and 1,111 in the non-T&A group. The number of medical services used was not significantly different between the T&A and non-T&A groups before and after surgery. The cost of medical services used was significantly higher in the T&A group than in the non-T&A group one year before surgery. The cost of medical services used was not significantly different between the two groups after surgery. Conclusions There were no significant differences between the T&A and non-T&A groups in the number and cost of medical services used in association with otitis media after surgery.

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