Stability Test Of 4 Ft2 Triple-Junction a-Si Alloy PV Production Modules

1994 ◽  
Vol 336 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. Deng ◽  
M. Izu ◽  
K. L. Narasimhan ◽  
S. R. Ovshinsky
Keyword(s):  
Triple Junction ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Roll To Roll ◽  
Manufacturing Line ◽  
Pv Modules ◽  
Stable Module ◽  
Module Efficiency ◽  
Sun Light ◽  
Made In

ABSTRACTWe report results of stability tests of 4 ft2 triple-junction a-Si alloy photovoltaic (PV) Modules. These Modules were produced in ECD's 2 Megawatt (MW) continuous, roll-to-roll PV Manufacturing line during the early stage of optimization. The stable module efficiency after 600 hours of 1 sun light soaking at approximately 50°C under load, is 8%. This is the highest stable efficiency for large area (≥4 ft2) a-Si alloy PV Modules Made in a production line.

Large-area Deposition of Amorphous Silicon Alloys Using a Roll-to-roll Operation

2005 ◽  
Vol 870 ◽  
Author(s):  
Subhendu Guha ◽  
Jeffrey Yang
Keyword(s):  
Amorphous Silicon ◽  
Triple Junction ◽  
Stainless Steel Substrate ◽  
Steel Substrate ◽  
Chemical Vapor ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Silicon Alloys ◽  
Roll To Roll ◽  
Layer Structures ◽  
Area Deposition

AbstractLarge-area deposition of thin-film amorphous silicon alloy triple-junction solar cells on lightweight and flexible stainless steel substrate is described. The proprietary roll-to-roll operation enables continuous depositions of sophisticated multi-layer structures. The deposition methods include sputtering and plasma-enhanced chemical vapor depositions. Spectrumsplitting triple-junction solar cell design, manufacturing processes, and product applications are presented.

P3HT: non-fullerene acceptor based large area, semi-transparent PV modules with power conversion efficiencies of 5%, processed by industrially scalable methods

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 2225-2234 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Strohm ◽  
F. Machui ◽  
S. Langner ◽  
P. Kubis ◽  
N. Gasparini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Conversion ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Solution Processed ◽  
Roll To Roll ◽  
Pv Modules ◽  
Scalable Methods ◽  
Conversion Efficiencies

The transfer from P3HT based fullerene free OPV lab cells with IDTBR as acceptor material to fully solution processed roll-to-roll compatible modules is reported.

scholarly journals Large-Area Resistive Strain Sensing Sheet for Structural Health Monitoring

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 1386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Levent E. Aygun ◽  
Vivek Kumar ◽  
Campbell Weaver ◽  
Matthew Gerber ◽  
Sigurd Wagner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Health Monitoring ◽  
Health Monitoring ◽  
Printed Circuit Board ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Circuit Board ◽  
Gauge Factor ◽  
Peak Strain ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Structural Health

Damage significantly influences response of a strain sensor only if it occurs in the proximity of the sensor. Thus, two-dimensional (2D) sensing sheets covering large areas offer reliable early-stage damage detection for structural health monitoring (SHM) applications. This paper presents a scalable sensing sheet design consisting of a dense array of thin-film resistive strain sensors. The sensing sheet is fabricated using flexible printed circuit board (Flex-PCB) manufacturing process which enables low-cost and high-volume sensors that can cover large areas. The lab tests on an aluminum beam showed the sheet has a gauge factor of 2.1 and has a low drift of 1.5 μ ϵ / d a y . The field test on a pedestrian bridge showed the sheet is sensitive enough to track strain induced by the bridge’s temperature variations. The strain measured by the sheet had a root-mean-square (RMS) error of 7 μ ϵ r m s compared to a reference strain on the surface, extrapolated from fiber-optic sensors embedded within the bridge structure. The field tests on an existing crack showed that the sensing sheet can track the early-stage damage growth, where it sensed 600 μ ϵ peak strain, whereas the nearby sensors on a damage-free surface did not observe significant strain change.

scholarly journals Monitoring the Impact of the Large Building Investments on the Neighborhood

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (14) ◽  
pp. 6537
Author(s):  
Marian Łupieżowiec
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Level ◽  
Soil Improvement ◽  
Deep Excavation ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Safety Measures ◽  
High Rise ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Large Building ◽  
Additional Safety ◽  
Made In

The article presents the concept of monitoring buildings and infrastructure elements located near large construction investments (the construction of high-rise buildings of the Oak Terraces housing estate in Katowice and the construction of a tunnel under the roundabout in Katowice along the intercity express road DTŚ). The impacts include deep excavation, lowering of the groundwater level over a large area, and dynamic influences related to the use of impact methods of soil improvement. The presented monitoring includes observation of the groundwater level with the use of piezometers, geodetic measurements of settlement and inclinations, as well as the measurement of vibration amplitudes generated during the works involving shocks and vibrations. It was also important to observe the development of cracks on the basis of a previously made inventory of damage. The results of the monitoring allow corrections to be made in the technology of works (e.g., reduction of vibration amplitudes, application of additional protections at excavations, etc.) or the use additional safety measures. Currently, there are also monitoring systems used during the operation of completed facilities.

An Investigation onto Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) Printing Plate of Multiple Functional Solid Line by Flexographic

2013 ◽  
Vol 844 ◽  
pp. 158-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.I. Maksud ◽  
Mohd Sallehuddin Yusof ◽  
M. Mahadi Abdul Jamil
Keyword(s):  
Laser Ablation ◽  
Line Width ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Printed Electronics ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Flexible Substrates ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Printing Plate ◽  
Roll To Roll ◽  
Printing Processes

Recently low cost production is vital to produce printed electronics by roll to roll manufacturing printing process like a flexographic. Flexographic has a high speed technique which commonly used for printing onto large area flexible substrates. However, the minimum feature sizes achieved with roll to roll printing processes, such as flexographic is in the range of fifty microns. The main contribution of this limitation is photopolymer flexographic plate unable to be produced finer micron range due to film that made by Laser Ablation Mask (LAMs) technology not sufficiently robust and consequently at micron ranges line will not be formed on the printing plate. Hence, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) is used instead of photopolymer. Printing trial had been conducted and multiple solid lines successfully printed for below fifty microns line width with no interference between two adjacent lines of the printed images.

scholarly journals The DPOBE Model for Organizational Sustainability: An Exploratory Study about its Structure, Pillars and Components among a Group of Master Degree Students

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-52
Author(s):  
Aníbal Areia ◽  
Francisco Esteves ◽  
João Rocha Santos ◽  
Pedro Anunciação
Keyword(s):  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Master's Degree ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Business Management ◽  
Business Administration ◽  
Organizational Sustainability ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Master’S Degree ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Made In

AbstractResearch purpose. To get a validation of the structure, pillars and components that seem to be central, and under which, business management and managers need to develop abilities and competences to ensure the sustainability of their organizations according to the ‘DPOBE Model for Organizational Sustainability’ structure.Design/Methodology/Approach. For the validation of the structure, pillars and components and it’s practical application to measure the organization’s sustainability level with the referred model, despite the focus group exercise made in an early stage, it’s also important to get a solid opinion about it among managers and also in academia, specifically among teachers and investigators on management, business administration and economics as well near master and doctorate students in this field. In this paper, we analyse the results obtained in an exploratory study, based on a survey made among students from four different master’s degree in several specific areas of business management from the School of Business Administration from the Polytechnic Institute of Setúbal (Portugal).Findings. Main results obtained with this exploratory study let the authors be granted with the developments made so far in the model and its structure, pillars and components. However, only with a major collection of opinions (answer to the survey) from the referred groups, it’s possible to define and adjust the final structure and components of the DPOBE Model.Originality/Value/Practical implications. Being an investigation with several years of development, with several articles, chapters of books, master’s degree thesis, congress presentations and papers made so far, only with a solid and validated structure, pillars and components of the DPOBE Model for Organizational Sustainability, it’s possible to go to its aim, the use of it as a quantitative tool to measure the effective organizations sustainability in a way different from other existing sustainability tools and indexes.

scholarly journals Morphometric Characteristics of the Aziana Valley Basin

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-180
Author(s):  
Heba Mohammed Fayyad ◽  
Isaac Saleh Al-Akam
Keyword(s):  
Morphometric Characteristics ◽  
Elongation Ratio ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Parallel Patterns ◽  
Erosion Processes ◽  
Drainage Patterns ◽  
Drainage Networks ◽  
Mixed Sediments ◽  
Sedimentation Processes ◽  
Made In

The present study aims at examining quantitatively the morphometric characteristics of Iziana Valley basin that is located in the northern part of Iraq; particularly in south of Erbil Governorate. This basin is considered one of the small sub-basins where its valleys run on formations of the Triple and Quadrant Ages, which are represented by the Bay Hassan formations, and the sediments and mixed sediments of the cliffs, respectively. The area of ​​the Iziana basin amounts to (36.39 km2) whereas the percentage of its rotation reaches (0.17); a low percentage, which indicates that the basin diverges from the circular to the rectangular shape. The value of the elongation ratio of the basin reaches (0.38) while the terrain ratio of the basin is (0.03), a low percentage that entails the weakness of its erosion processes and the small volume of the carried and transported sediments. As for the relative topography of the basin, it was (1.08), which is also a low value. It indicates a relatively large area of ​​the basin and the impressive strides that it has made in its erosion cycle. The total river levels of the basin reach (5) ranks, and their numbers vary from one rank to another. Moreover, the total length of the drainage networks in the basin reached (187.4 km), and the prevailing drainage patterns in the basin are the tree and parallel patterns. The researcher has adopted spatial, formal, topographical, and river net-work properties for the purpose of first determining the shape of the basin, the stage of its erosion, its secondary basins, and its terrestrial features that have been developed as a result of the contrast between the erosion and sedimentation processes. 

scholarly journals Uniform Pressing Mechanism in Large-Area Roll-to-Roll Nanoimprint Lithography Process

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (20) ◽  
pp. 9571
Author(s):  
Ga Eul Kim ◽  
Hyuntae Kim ◽  
Kyoohee Woo ◽  
Yousung Kang ◽  
Seung-Hyun Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contact Pressure ◽  
Nanoimprint Lithography ◽  
Applied Pressure ◽  
Machine Learning Techniques ◽  
Conventional System ◽  
Large Area ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Roll To Roll ◽  
Learning Techniques ◽  
Roller Machine

We aimed to increase the processing area of the roll-to-roll (R2R) nanoimprint lithography (NIL) process for high productivity, using a long roller. It is common for a long roller to have bending deformation, geometric errors and misalignment. This causes the non-uniformity of contact pressure between the rollers, which leads to defects such as non-uniform patterning. The non-uniformity of the contact pressure of the conventional R2R NIL system was investigated through finite element (FE) analysis and experiments in the conventional system. To solve the problem, a new large-area R2R NIL uniform pressing system with five multi-backup rollers was proposed and manufactured instead of the conventional system. As a preliminary experiment, the possibility of uniform contact pressure was confirmed by using only the pressure at both ends and one backup roller in the center. A more even contact pressure was achieved by using all five backup rollers and applying an appropriate pushing force to each backup roller. Machine learning techniques were applied to find the optimal combination of the pushing forces. In the conventional pressing process, it was confirmed that pressure deviation of the contact area occurred at a level of 44%; when the improved system was applied, pressure deviation dropped to 5%.

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