Thin-Film Solid-State Lithium Battery for Body Worn Electronics

2002 ◽  
Vol 736 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph McDermott ◽  
Paul C. Brantner
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Lithium Battery ◽  
Electronic Materials ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Power Electronic ◽  
Battery Management ◽  
Innovative Methods ◽  
Flexible Electronic ◽  
Infinite Power ◽  
Electronic Textile

ABSTRACTInfinite Power Solutions manufactures a flexible rechargeable micro ampere-hour solidstate battery based on thin-film Lithium technology where the battery can be engineered into the product for life as a cost effective solution with “the battery that never needs to be replaced”. The performance characteristics of the battery combined with low power electronic textile applications will require “A Different Way of Thinking About Batteries” relative to battery management and innovative methods of recharging the battery (such as charging the battery whenever the materials are washed and dryed). This paper will review the characteristics of the battery specifically in relation to power generation for flexible electronic materials and the integration issues for a thin-film battery for flexible electronic materials.

scholarly journals Estimation of the Hot Swap Circulation Current of a Multiple Parallel Lithium Battery System with an Artificial Neural Network Model

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1448
Author(s):  
Nam-Gyu Lim ◽  
Jae-Yeol Kim ◽  
Seongjun Lee
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Artificial Neural Network ◽  
Lithium Battery ◽  
Battery Pack ◽  
Battery Management ◽  
Ann Model ◽  
Battery System ◽  
Load Current ◽  
Circulating Current ◽  
Artificial Neural

Battery applications, such as electric vehicles, electric propulsion ships, and energy storage systems, are developing rapidly, and battery management issues are gaining attention. In this application field, a battery system with a high capacity and high power in which numerous battery cells are connected in series and parallel is used. Therefore, research on a battery management system (BMS) to which various algorithms are applied for efficient use and safe operation of batteries is being conducted. In general, maintenance/replacement of multi-series/multiple parallel battery systems is only possible when there is no load current, or the entire system is shut down. However, if the circulating current generated by the voltage difference between the newly added battery and the existing battery pack is less than the allowable current of the system, the new battery can be connected while the system is running, which is called hot swapping. The circulating current generated during the hot-swap operation is determined by the battery’s state of charge (SOC), the parallel configuration of the battery system, temperature, aging, operating point, and differences in the load current. Therefore, since there is a limit to formulating a circulating current that changes in size according to these various conditions, this paper presents a circulating current estimation method, using an artificial neural network (ANN). The ANN model for estimating the hot-swap circulating current is designed for a 1S4P lithium battery pack system, consisting of one series and four parallel cells. The circulating current of the ANN model proposed in this paper is experimentally verified to be able to estimate the actual value within a 6% error range.

scholarly journals Titanium Nitride Thin Film Based Low-Redox-Interference Potentiometric pH Sensing Electrodes

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
Shimrith Paul Shylendra ◽  
Wade Lonsdale ◽  
Magdalena Wajrak ◽  
Mohammad Nur-E-Alam ◽  
Kamal Alameh
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Titanium Nitride ◽  
Orange Juice ◽  
Ph Sensor ◽  
Reference Electrode ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Ph Sensing ◽  
Ph Sensors ◽  
Potential Shift ◽  
Double Junction

In this work, a solid-state potentiometric pH sensor is designed by incorporating a thin film of Radio Frequency Magnetron Sputtered (RFMS) Titanium Nitride (TiN) working electrode and a commercial Ag|AgCl|KCl double junction reference electrode. The sensor shows a linear pH slope of −59.1 mV/pH, R2 = 0.9997, a hysteresis as low as 1.2 mV, and drift below 3.9 mV/h. In addition, the redox interference performance of TiN electrodes is compared with that of Iridium Oxide (IrO2) counterparts. Experimental results show −32 mV potential shift (E0 value) in 1 mM ascorbic acid (reducing agent) for TiN electrodes, and this is significantly lower than the −114 mV potential shift of IrO2 electrodes with sub-Nernstian sensitivity. These results are most encouraging and pave the way towards the development of miniaturized, cost-effective, and robust pH sensors for difficult matrices, such as wine and fresh orange juice.

An application of Austrian legal requirements for CSO emissions

2011 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
pp. 1081-1088 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manfred Kleidorfer ◽  
Wolfgang Rauch
Keyword(s):  
Model Calibration ◽  
Model Building ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Combined Sewer Overflows ◽  
Sewer System ◽  
Legal Requirements ◽  
Innovative Methods ◽  
Combined Sewer

The Austrian standard for designing combined sewer overflow (CSO) detention basins introduces the efficiency of the combined sewer overflows as an indicator for CSO pollution. Additionally criteria for the ambient water quality are defined, which comprehend six kinds of impacts. In this paper, the Austrian legal requirements are described and discussed by means of hydrological modelling. This is exemplified with the case study Innsbruck (Austria) including a description for model building and model calibration. Furthermore an example is shown in order to demonstrate how – in this case – the overall system performance could be improved by implementing a cost-effective rearrangement of the storage tanks already available at the inflow of the wastewater treatment plant. However, this guideline also allows more innovative methods for reducing CSO emissions as measures for better usage of storage volume or de-centralised treatment of stormwater runoff because it is based on a sewer system simulation.

Development of n-μc-SiOx:H as cost effective back reflector and its application to thin film amorphous silicon solar cells

Solar Energy ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 97 ◽  
pp. 591-595 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Banerjee ◽  
T. Srikanth ◽  
U. Basavaraju ◽  
R.M. Tomy ◽  
M.G. Sreenivasan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Solar Cells ◽  
Amorphous Silicon ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Silicon Solar Cells ◽  
Back Reflector

A simple and cost-effective zinc oxide thin film sensor for propane gas detection

2015 ◽  
Vol 157 ◽  
pp. 169-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinoth Kumar Jayaraman ◽  
Arturo Maldonado Álvarez ◽  
María de la Luz Olvera Amador
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Gas Detection ◽  
Oxide Thin Film ◽  
Zinc Oxide Thin Film ◽  
Film Sensor ◽  
Thin Film Sensor

Dip Coating From Density Mismatching Mixture

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bashir Khoda ◽  
AMM Nazmul Ahsan ◽  
SM Abu Shovon
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Steel Wire ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Dip Coating ◽  
Solid Loading ◽  
Heterogeneous Mixture ◽  
Inorganic Particles ◽  
Inorganic Particle

Abstract Solid transfer technology from mixtures is gaining ever-increasing attention from materials scientists and production engineers due to their high potential in near net-shaped production of cost-effective engineering components. Dip coating, a wet deposition method, is an effective and straightforward way of thin-film/layers formation. The dipping mixtures are often embedded with inorganic fillers, nanoparticles, or clusters (d<30 nm) that produce a thin film ranging from nm to couple microns. An increase in the volume of solid transfer by the dipping process can open-up a novel 3D near-net-shape production. However, adding larger inorganic particle size (>1µm) or adding a higher solid fraction will increase the solid transfer but may result in a multi-phase heterogeneous mixture. In this work, the physical mechanism of an increased volume of solid transfer with a larger spherical particle size (>5 µm) is investigated. Polymer-based glue and evaporating solvent are mixed to construct the liquid carrier system (LCS). Moderate volume fraction of inorganic particles (20% < ?p < 50%) are added into the LCS solution as solid loading. Three levels of binder volume fraction are considered to investigate the effect of the solid transfer. Cylindrical AISI 304 steel wire with dia 0.81 mm is dipped and the coating thickness, weight, and the surface packing coverage by the particles are measured in our lab. The results presented the influence of volume fraction of inorganic particle and glue composition on the solid transfer from the heterogeneous mixture.

Impact of cation substitution in all solution-processed Cu2(Cd,Zn)SnS4 superstrate solar cells

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Payno Zarceño ◽  
Samrana Kazim ◽  
Shahzada Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Solar Cells ◽  
Mass Production ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Thin Film Solar Cells ◽  
Energy Costs ◽  
Cation Substitution ◽  
Solution Processed ◽  
Energy Demands ◽  
Light Absorber

Thin-film solar cells constituted of abundant elements are the key to ensure mass production, reduce energy costs and meet energy demands. Kesterite, is a cost-effective light absorber, however showed low...

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