scholarly journals Analysis of the effect of stirrer and container rotation direction on mixing index (Ip)

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1 (111)) ◽  
pp. 86-91
Author(s):  
Sugeng Hadi Susilo ◽  
Asrori Asrori ◽  
Gumono Gumono
Keyword(s):  
Opposite Direction ◽  
Angular Speed ◽  
Theory Of Relativity ◽  
Mixing Index ◽  
Transparent Plastic ◽  
Flow Area ◽  
Rotation Direction ◽  
Depth Study ◽  
Index Value ◽  
Rapid Stirring

The paper discusses the effect of the stirrer and container rotation direction on the mixing index (Ip). The chaos theory is the result of an in-depth study of various problems that cannot be answered by the two previous major theories, namely quantum mechanics and the theory of relativity. Effective mixing of the flow area does not depend on rapid stirring. This study uses a container with a double stirrer, camera, programmable logic controller, tachometer, 6 A adapter, and a computer. DC electric motor (25 V) for turning stirrers and housings. The diameter of the primary and secondary stirrers is Dp=38 mm and Ds=17 mm. The diameter of the container made of transparent plastic is Dw=160 mm and height is 170 mm. Primary stirrer rotation (np)=10 rpm, secondary stirrer rotation (ns)=22.3 rpm, and container rotation (nw)=13 rpm, the angular velocity of the container is Ww=360° while the angular speed of the primary stirrer is Wp=180°. The liquid consists of a mixture of water and paint (white). For dye, a mixture of water and paint (red) is used. For testing the Brookfield viscometer, the viscosity of the liquid and dye is used. The results showed that turning the stirrer in the opposite direction to the container, there will be stretching, bending, and folding around the stirrer, and the smallest mixing index was P2V-b (0.94). In addition, based on the mixing index value above, the highest mixing effectiveness level is obtained, namely: P2V-b, P2S-b, P2B-b, P2V-a, P2B-a, and finally P2S-a. The mixing index is inversely related to the effectiveness level. So the highest effectiveness level is given by the following treatment: 1. Variation rotation (between opposite rotating mixers), 2. Opposite rotation (stirrer rotation opposite direction to the container), 3. Unidirectional rotation (stirrer rotation in the direction of the container)

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF POSITION AND ROTATION DIRECTION OF DOUBLE STIRRER ON CHAOTIC ADVECTION BEHAVIOR

2021 ◽  
pp. 78-86
Author(s):  
Sugeng Hadi Susilo ◽  
Asrori Asrori
Keyword(s):  
Chaotic Behavior ◽  
Video Camera ◽  
Chaotic Advection ◽  
Reverse Direction ◽  
Mixing Efficiency ◽  
Viscous Liquids ◽  
Rotation Direction ◽  
Laminar Mixing ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Index Value

Turbulent mixing can damage the material molecules because of turbulence. Whereas laminar mixing raises a problem when mixing is carried out on viscous liquids. The mixing mechanism using chaotic flow affects the mixing quality. The aim of the experiment was to determine the position and direction of the double stirrer chaotic mixer. The installation of a chaotic mixer uses a cylindrical tub and two different mixers consisting of a primary mixer (Pp) and a secondary mixer (Ps). Periodically rotate the container and stirrer. The center of the vessel and primary mixer are placed at the same coordinates. For ε=4 cm (Pp to Ps distance), there are three experiments, namely: vessel rotation and directional stirrer (P2S-a), vessel rotation and opposite stirrer (P2B-a), and vessel rotation, both primary and secondary stirrers are directional variations. (P2V-a). Eccentricity 7 cm, there are also three treatments as above: one direction (P2S-b), reverse direction (P2B-b), and variation of direction (P2V-b). The video camera recordings are processed digitally. Qualitative data show a pattern of behavior during mixing. Meanwhile, quantitative data is used to determine the level of mixing effectiveness. The results showed that the direction of rotation of the two cylinders had no effect on the effectiveness of chaotic mixing. Based on the number of initial droplets of dye, the treatment that experienced the fastest chaos was P2B-b, at n=2 and r=3.5303. The difference in the number of color droplets does not affect chaotic behavior. The highest mixing efficiency was generated by the lowest P2V-b mixing index value of 0.94. Simultaneously, the direction between the mixer and the container will provide maximum mixing efficiency. Isolated mixing areas (island) and areas of poor mixing occur because of one-way rotation and low eccentricity

Is Red Really Romantic?

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 174-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabrielle K. Lehmann ◽  
Robert J. Calin-Jageman
Keyword(s):  
Opposite Direction ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Weak Effect ◽  
Sample Sizes ◽  
Quality Controls

Abstract. Red has been reported to enhance attraction for women rating men ( Elliot et al., 2010 ) and men rating women ( Elliot & Niesta, 2008 ). We replicated one of these studies online and in-person. To ensure rigor, we obtained original materials, planned for informative sample sizes, pre-registered our study, used a positive control, and adopted quality controls. For men, we found a very weak effect in the predicted direction (d = 0.09, 95% CI [−0.17, 0.34], N = 242). For women, we found a very weak effect in the opposite direction (d = −0.09, 95% CI [−0.30, 0.12], N = 360). The original studies may have overestimated the red effect, our studies may be an underestimate, or there could be strong moderation of the effect of red on attraction.

The Effect of Current Ratio and Debt to Asset Ratio on Net Profit Margin and Stock Prices: A Study of Basic Industry and Chemicals Companies

2020 ◽  
pp. 282-294
Author(s):  
Sudirman S ◽  
Muhammad Wahyuddin Abdullah ◽  
Muhammad Obie
Keyword(s):  
Stock Prices ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Profit Margin ◽  
Current Ratio ◽  
Industry Sector ◽  
Basic Industry ◽  
Net Profit ◽  
Equity Ratio ◽  
Index Value

This study examined the effect of current ratio and debt to asset ratio on net profit margin and stock prices of the sector basic industry and chemicals companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in the period 2015-2019. The object of research was the stock prices of companies in the Basic Industry and Chemicals sector, which have been published through the official website of the Indonesian capital market. It was used secondary data derived from the monthly statistics, including Current Ratio data, Net Profit Margin, Debt to Asset Ratio, and data on closing prices for the period 2015-2019. In analyzing data, it was used path analysis of secondary data obtained from the basic industry sector financial statements of 60 companies. The company's performance in this sector is considered quite good when seen from the movement of the index value in the last five years. The results show that direct current ratio had a positive and significant effect on the net profit margin, and the debt to equity ratio did not significantly influence the net profit margin. The current ratio has a positive and significant effect on stock prices, and the debt to equity ratio has a negative and not significant effect on stock prices. In contrast, the net profit margin has a significant effect on stock prices in the basic industry sector companies on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. Indirectly the current ratio has a positive and significant effect on stock prices. In contrast, the debt to asset ratio has a negative and not significant effect on the company's stock prices in the basic industry sector on the Indonesia Stock Exchange.

The Event Universe

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leemon B. McHenry
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Field ◽  
Quantum Mechanics ◽  
Common Sense ◽  
Physical Theory ◽  
Alfred North Whitehead ◽  
Bertrand Russell ◽  
Theory Of Relativity ◽  
The World ◽  
Modern Physics ◽  
Linguistic Methods

What kinds of things are events? Battles, explosions, accidents, crashes, rock concerts would be typical examples of events and these would be reinforced in the way we speak about the world. Events or actions function linguistically as verbs and adverbs. Philosophers following Aristotle have claimed that events are dependent on substances such as physical objects and persons. But with the advances of modern physics, some philosophers and physicists have argued that events are the basic entities of reality and what we perceive as physical bodies are just very long events spread out in space-time. In other words, everything turns out to be events. This view, no doubt, radically revises our ordinary common sense view of reality, but as our event theorists argue common sense is out of touch with advancing science. In The Event Universe: The Revisionary Metaphysics of Alfred North Whitehead, Leemon McHenry argues that Whitehead's metaphysics provides a more adequate basis for achieving a unification of physical theory than a traditional substance metaphysics. He investigates the influence of Maxwell's electromagnetic field, Einstein's theory of relativity and quantum mechanics on the development of the ontology of events and compares Whitehead’s theory to his contemporaries, C. D. Broad and Bertrand Russell, as well as another key proponent of this theory, W. V. Quine. In this manner, McHenry defends the naturalized and speculative approach to metaphysics as opposed to analytical and linguistic methods that arose in the 20th century.

Special theory of relativity and the Sagnac effect

1988 ◽  
Vol 156 (9) ◽  
pp. 137-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anatolii A. Logunov ◽  
Yu.V. Chugreev
Keyword(s):  
Special Theory ◽  
Sagnac Effect ◽  
Theory Of Relativity ◽  
Special Theory Of Relativity

The general theory of relativity is correct!

1988 ◽  
Vol 155 (7) ◽  
pp. 517-527 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ya.B. Zel'dovich ◽  
Leonid P. Grishchuk
Keyword(s):  
General Theory ◽  
Theory Of Relativity ◽  
General Theory Of Relativity

An Analytical Transient Tire Model

2001 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 108-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Ghazi Zadeh ◽  
A. Fahim
Keyword(s):  
Transient Behavior ◽  
Stability Control ◽  
Vehicle Stability ◽  
Tire Model ◽  
Steering Angle ◽  
First Order ◽  
Vehicle Stability Control ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Depth Study ◽  
And Performance

Abstract The dynamics of a vehicle's tires is a major contributor to the vehicle stability, control, and performance. A better understanding of the handling performance and lateral stability of the vehicle can be achieved by an in-depth study of the transient behavior of the tire. In this article, the transient response of the tire to a steering angle input is examined and an analytical second order tire model is proposed. This model provides a means for a better understanding of the transient behavior of the tire. The proposed model is also applied to a vehicle model and its performance is compared with a first order tire model.

Poetic Trespass

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lital Levy
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Visual Art ◽  
Prose Poetry ◽  
Old World ◽  
History And Literature ◽  
Political Boundaries ◽  
Depth Study ◽  
Emile Habiby ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Way

A Palestinian-Israeli poet declares a new state whose language, “Homelandic,” is a combination of Arabic and Hebrew. A Jewish-Israeli author imagines a “language plague” that infects young Hebrew speakers with old world accents, and sends the narrator in search of his Arabic heritage. This book brings together such startling visions to offer the first in-depth study of the relationship between Hebrew and Arabic in the literature and culture of Israel/Palestine. More than that, the book presents a captivating portrait of the literary imagination's power to transgress political boundaries and transform ideas about language and belonging. Blending history and literature, the book traces the interwoven life of Arabic and Hebrew in Israel/Palestine from the turn of the twentieth century to the present, exposing the two languages' intimate entanglements in contemporary works of prose, poetry, film, and visual art by both Palestinian and Jewish citizens of Israel. In a context where intense political and social pressures work to identify Jews with Hebrew and Palestinians with Arabic, the book finds writers who have boldly crossed over this divide to create literature in the language of their “other,” as well as writers who bring the two languages into dialogue to rewrite them from within. Exploring such acts of poetic trespass, the book introduces new readings of canonical and lesser-known authors, including Emile Habiby, Hayyim Nahman Bialik, Anton Shammas, Saul Tchernichowsky, Samir Naqqash, Ronit Matalon, Salman Masalha, A. B. Yehoshua, and Almog Behar. By revealing uncommon visions of what it means to write in Arabic and Hebrew, the book will change the way we understand literature and culture in the shadow of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict.

Peran Rumah Zakat (RZ) Cabang Yogyakarta dalam Peningkatan Usah Mustahiq

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-84
Author(s):  
Ari Murti
Keyword(s):  
Field Research ◽  
Depth Study

Zakat merupakan salah satu dari rukun Islam yang hukumnya wajib bagi setiap muslim untuk mengeluarkannya apabila sudah mencapai nisab. Dalam fungsi ekonomi, dana zakat memiliki potensi untuk mengentaskan kemiskinan melalui pengelolaan yang bersifat produktif. Kemiskinan seakan menjadi sebuah fenomena yang harus segera diatasi. Kemiskinan membuat kehidupan seseorang menjadi tidak mudah, karena adanya keterbatasan dalam pemenuhan kebutuhan sehingga berdampak pada kesenjangan sosial. Tingkat kemiskinan dan kesenjangan sosial dari beberapa wilayah di DIY masih cukup tinggi, kemudian permasalahan lainnya produksi ekonomi lokal berpotensi untuk berkembang, namun masih terkendala dalam segi permodalan. Lembaga Amil Zakat (LAZ) didirikan dengan tujuan untuk dapat mengelola zakat, infaq, sadaqah dan waqaf (ZISWAF) agar tepat sasaran dan tepat guna dalam penyaluran zakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui, menganalisis bagaimana peran RZ cabang Yogyakarta dalam menyalurkan dana zakat agar bisa berdampak dalam peningkatan usaha mustahiq.Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian lapangan (Field Research), dimana penulis akan mengumpulkan data dengan melakukan studi mendalam (in depth study) untuk mengetahui pengelolaan zakat dan penyalurannya dalam bidang pemberdayaan ekonomi di RZ cabang Yogyakarta. Melalui pendekatan metode deskriptif-kualitatif untuk mengetahui seberapa besar peran zakat tersebut terhadap peningkatan usaha mustahiq. Pemberdayaan ekonomi dilakukan dengan membentuk wilayah binaan dalam konsep Intregated Comunity Development (ICD) di tingkat Kecamatan pada masing-masing individu atau member (isitilah nama mustahiq di RZ cabang Yogyakarta) yang berjumlah 16 di setiap Kecamatan yaitu Kecamatan Banguntapan, Kecamatan Danuerejan, Kecamatan Godean dalam waktu maksimal 3 tahun. Dari masingmasing Kecamatan di dampingi oleh 1 Member Relationship Officer (MRO) yang merupakan bagian dari karyawan RZ cabang Yogyakarta yang berfungsi sebagai pendamping, pemberdaya, surveyor pemberdayaan, penggerak lingkungan, serta advokat masyarakat.Dalam manajemennya RZ cabang Yogyakarta membentuk lembaga Mandiri Daya Insani yang berfungsi sebagai pengelola dalam bidang pemberdayaan ekonomi bertemakan senyum mandiri. Adapun program penyaluran yang dilakukan yakni berbentuk bantuan usaha yang terbagi dalam dua jenis,  pertama adalah sarana usaha seperti perlengkapan, dan peralatan usaha, kemudian yang kedua adalah modal usaha berupa uang yang jumlahnya berbeda-beda. Bantuan usaha yang diberikan tidak setiap bulan, walaupun dana turun dari RZ pusat setiap bulan untuk langsung disalurkan kepada mustahiq oleh MRO, hal ini yang membedakan karena tingkat kebutuhan mustahiq di wilayah binaan berbeda satu sama lain.Melalui pemilihan sample yang terbagi ke dalam tiga sektor usaha mustahiq yaitu produksi, perdagangan, dan bisnis catering, maka penulis memperoleh data berjumlah 9 mustahiq dari 3 wilayah binaan yang memberikan keterangan mengenai kondisi usahanya. Dengan keterangan data primer yang diperoleh melalui wawancara dan observasi, kondisi usaha seluruh mustahiq yang diteliti sebelum menerima bantuan usaha memiliki pendapatan rata-rata Rp 15.000 s.d Rp 200.000 dan masih digunakan untuk perputaran modal untuk menjalankan usahanya. Kemudian setelah masing-masing mustahiq mendapatkan bantuan usaha dari RZ cabang Yogyakarta, keseluruhan mustahiq bisa meningkatkan pendapatan dengan prosentase kenaikan rata-rata 50%.s.d 100% dari kondisi usaha sebelum diberi bantuan dengan jumlah pendapatan rata-rata Rp 20.000 s.d Rp 700.000 berjumlah 6 mustahiq, kemudian pendapatan usaha diatas Rp 1000.000 berjumlah 3 mustahiq. Dengan demikian program pengelolaan zakat dalam bidang pemberdayaan ekonomi yang dilaksanakan oleh RZ cabang Yogyakarta melalui penyaluran bantuan usaha mampu memberikan pengaruh yang cukup baik terhadap kondisi usaha mustahiq sebelum dan sesudah diberi bantuan.

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