scholarly journals DIVERSITY OF ECHINODERMS (ECHINODERMATA) IN THE NORTH EASTERN ISLANDS, VIETNAM

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 296-303
Author(s):  
Do Cong Thung ◽  
Dao Minh Dong
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reef ◽  
Coral Reefs ◽  
Species Number ◽  
Sandy Bottom ◽  
Species Numbers ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
The North ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Long Bay ◽  
Quang Ninh

41 species have been identified, belonging to 29 genera, 18 families, 10 orders and 5 classes of Echinoderms in Northeast islands, from Mong Cai (Quang Ninh) to Do Son (Hai Phong). Compared to previous publications, 15 species were first identified in the Tonkin Gulf. The diversity of species numbers shows that Oreasteridae and Holothuriidae have the highest number of species (5 species/family), similarly the genus Holothuri has the highest species number (5 species). Ha Long Bay - Cat Ba has 33 species; Co To - Thanh Lan has 24 species and Bai Tu Long has 25 species. Echinoderms live in three habitats: Sand, coral, reef. The highest number of species is living in the sandy bottom and coral reefs, 39% and the lowest number only about 10% in coral reefs and reef. Van Boi, Van Ha, Da Den, Bac Van, Hong Van have high density of Echinoderms, potentially becoming marine medicine yards.

scholarly journals THE IMPACT OF SEAWEED FARMING ON THE PHYTOPLANKTON COMMUNITY STRUCTURE

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
Parman Parakkasi ◽  
Chair Rani ◽  
Rajuddin Syamsuddin ◽  
Rahmadi Tambaru
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Coral Reefs ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Species Number ◽  
Sandy Bottom ◽  
Seaweed Farming ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
Phytoplankton Communities ◽  
The Impact

This study was aimed to analyze the impact of seaweed farming on changes in the structure of phytoplankton communities on various ecosystems and their relationship with environmental factors. The study was conducted in May-October 2017 in the waters of Karampuang Island, Mamuju Regency. Plankton samples were collectedfromthreecultivationareas, namely areas with sandy bottom (control), seagrass beds, and coral reefs. In each area, three media were placed with a longline system, size 40 x 30 m2 (as replication). Sampling was carried out at the beginning before initiation of the cultivation and every two weeks after cultivation was started for 42 days. Phytoplankton sampling and measurement of environmental factors were carried out at fivesamplingpoints representing the cultivation areas. In sandy areas, sampling was also applied in areas outside the cultivation at a distance of 25m and 50m. Variance analysis was used to analyze differences in the species number and abundance of phytoplankton. Ecological indices was used to test phytoplankton biodiversity. PCA was used to analyze its relationship with environmental factors. Differences in the species number and abundance of phytoplankton between farming areas according to temporal scale were found. The high number and speciesabundance of phytoplankton were found in seagrass areas and significantly different from coral reefs and sandy area. Seaweed farming at the beginning of the farming period showed a positive impact by increasing the number of species and abundance of phytoplankton, but then decreased after entering Week 4-Week 6, along with the occurrence of ice-ice disease on the seaweed. Diversity index value was classified as medium with high equality without the dominance of particular species. The high number of species and abundance of phytoplankton occured at second weeks in all cultivation areas which are characterized by abundance of zooplankton with environmental characteristics, i.e. high DO and low PO4, NO3, andDOM.

scholarly journals Les rivages des Bermudes et les formes littorales de dissolution du calcaire

2005 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
François Taillefer
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reef ◽  
Coral Reefs ◽  
Mechanical Action ◽  
Intermediate Position ◽  
Striking Feature ◽  
Tidal Range ◽  
Intermediate Type ◽  
North East ◽  
The North

The littoral morphology of the Bermudas is an erosional morphology in limestones, the main processes being mechanical action and solution. The temperatures, in January and February, of the waters washing the Bermudas, are low enough to prevent the growing of true coral reefs. Therefore, it is not the morphology of a coral reef. The predominance of wave-cut cliffs is the most striking feature, despite the low and gently rolling topography. There are, however, other types of coasts on the islands, the mangrove being found on many sheltered shores. The writer thus opposes the sheltered shores of the sounds to the ones exposed on the southcoast, while the shores of the north and north-east coasts belong to an intermediate type. The steplike arrangement of the coastal forms of solution of the Bermudas limestones is primarily linked to the amount of the tidal range. These features are similar to those described on the shores of the warm seas, where the tide is negligible or weak. The Bermudas occupy an intermediate position between the regions where reefs are built by corals, and those, to the north, where solution, helped by other processes, occurs without compensation.

scholarly journals The recent development of melanism in the larvæ of certain species of Lepidoptera, with an account of its inheritance in Selenia bilunaria esp

1932 ◽  
Vol 111 (770) ◽  
pp. 188-200 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
The United States ◽  
Eastern United States ◽  
Evolutionary Processes ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
The North ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Geometrid Moth ◽  
State Of Affairs

One of the most remarkable evolutionary processes, the more striking since it has occured before our eyes, has been the rise and spread of melanism and melanochroism amongst the Lepidopetera. Commencing about 1850 in the Manchester area in England with the Geometrid moth Amphidasys betularia L., which yielded the black form carbonaria Jord. ( doubledayaria Mill.), this development has proceeded so rapidly, and become so widespread, that now there is scarcely a country in Northern and Central Europe which does not produce its quota of melanic insects. Moreover, the same state of affairs exists in the North-Eastern United States, although there the number of species affected, up to the present, is not so great as in Europe. Another important feature about these changes lies in the circumstance that, almost uniformly, in Europe and in the United States, the first species to exhibit melanism in any given area have been Amphidasys betularia and Tephrosia crepuscularia . From the beginning, the Geometridæ, more especially the subfamily Boarmiinæ, have provided not only the bulk of the melanic varieties, but also the greatest numbers of individuals. In many areas, as for example in the case of A. betularia and Y psipetes trifasciata , only black examples occur. Nevertheless, other groups include species which have gone black; for instance, the Noctuidæ present black forms of Aplecta nebulosa Hufn., the Cymatophoridæ of Cymatophora or F., the Arctiidæ of Spilosoma lubricipeda L., the Gelechiidæ of Chimabacche fagella F., and so on.

scholarly journals Status, distribution and research gaps of rodents (Mammalia: Rodentia) in North-Eastern States of India

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 261-277
Author(s):  
Paromit Chatterjee ◽  
Debashree Dam ◽  
Basudev Tripathy ◽  
Kailash Chandra
Keyword(s):  
Indian Subcontinent ◽  
Arunachal Pradesh ◽  
Research Gaps ◽  
Mammal Species ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
The North ◽  
Ne India ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Baseline Information ◽  
Data Deficient

In North Eastern states of India (NE India) there are almost 65% of mammal species of the country but baseline information on small mammals, particularly rodents, for the region is scanty. Present study recorded a total of 59 species of rodents from the NE India out of 100 species reported from Indian Subcontinent. The list contains all the valid taxonomic names and their distribution in the states of NE India. Additionally, five species has been added to the checklist of rodents in India. The list provided 59 species belonging to 30 genera under 5 families of 7 subfamilies. Among them Muridae was recorded to be with highest number of species (31 species), followed by Sciuridae with 22 species, Cricetidae with three species, while Spalacidae and Hystricidae have recorded only two species in each group. Among the eight states of NE India the highest number of species was recorded from Arunachal Pradesh (76 %) and the lowest, from Tripura (22%). Two Threatened, three Near Threatened, two Not Listed and six Data Deficient species have been listed from the present work with four endemic species from this region. The findings of this study indicated the requirements for intensive and extensive surveys in the north-eastern States of India and taxonomic revisions of many species.

scholarly journals Sponge’s biodiversity in the limestone islands in Vietnam sea

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 417-425
Author(s):  
Do Cong Thung ◽  
Nguyen Dang Ngai ◽  
Le Thi Thuy
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reefs ◽  
High Biomass ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
Bay Area ◽  
Long Bay ◽  
Medicinal Drug ◽  
Sand Bottom

In 2017, 2018 and 2020, sponge samples were collected at 41 points in the waters surrounding Vietnam’s coastal limestone islands (Bai Tu Long, Ha Long bay, Cat Ba and Ba Lua archipelago). Research results have identified 54 species belonging to 33 genera, 24 families of Demosponge class distributed in this area. Ha Long bay area has the highest number of species (53 species), followed by Cat Ba (46 species), Bai Tu Long 19 species; Ba Lua archipelago (Kien Giang) has the least number of species (3 species). Sponges are concentrated in coral reefs with the highest number of species (48 species) and the lowest in the mud and sand bottom (4 species). Biomass of sponges varies from 0.2–1.5 kg/m2. There are 11 sites with high biomass, which have the potential to become Vietnam’s medicinal drug area. 

scholarly journals From Citizen Science to Policy Development on the Coral Reefs of Jamaica

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. James C. Crabbe
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reef ◽  
Coral Reefs ◽  
Citizen Science ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Policy Development ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
North Coast ◽  
Reef Management ◽  
The North

This paper explores the application of citizen science to help generation of scientific data and capacity-building, and so underpin scientific ideas and policy development in the area of coral reef management, on the coral reefs of Jamaica. From 2000 to 2008, ninety Earthwatch volunteers were trained in coral reef data acquisition and analysis and made over 6,000 measurements on fringing reef sites along the north coast of Jamaica. Their work showed that while recruitment of small corals is returning after the major bleaching event of 2005, larger corals are not necessarily so resilient and so need careful management if the reefs are to survive such major extreme events. These findings were used in the development of an action plan for Jamaican coral reefs, presented to the Jamaican National Environmental Protection Agency. It was agreed that a number of themes and tactics need to be implemented in order to facilitate coral reef conservation in the Caribbean. The use of volunteers and citizen scientists from both developed and developing countries can help in forging links which can assist in data collection and analysis and, ultimately, in ecosystem management and policy development.

scholarly journals Status Terkini Tutupan Terumbu Karang di Perairan Dangkal Pulau Bedil, Desa Labuan Bajo, Kabupaten Sumbawa, NTB

2021 ◽  
pp. 243-253
Author(s):  
Mahardika Rizqi Himawan ◽  
Eni Hidayati ◽  
Nurliah Buhari ◽  
Sitti Hilyana ◽  
Maulita Syahdina
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reef ◽  
Coral Reefs ◽  
Small Island ◽  
Percent Cover ◽  
Coral Mortality ◽  
Dead Coral ◽  
The North ◽  
Mortality Index ◽  
Coral Reef Ecosystems ◽  
Index Value

Bedil Island is included in the Keramat, Bedil, and Temudong Small Island Park (TPK), which was approved by the Regent of Sumbawa. Administratively, this island is included in the Labuan Bajo Village area, Sumbawa, NTB. There is the existence of coral reef ecosystems in these waters that form a reef flat and reef slope profile, that stretches to the southwest and northeast. By its designation as a small island park, the coral reefs in Bedil Island are used as an underwater tourism object. This study aims to determine the current condition of coral reef cover in the waters around Bedil Island, especially in the eastern and southern parts of the island. Coral reefs in the north and west area are limited and there is the existence of seagrass beds. The line intercept transect method is carried out by spreading the roll meter as far as 50 meters on the east and south sides of the island with a depth of 2-3 meters. The coral lifeform that is tangent with the roll meter is then recorded and then analyzed for the average percent cover, clustering status, and coral mortality index. Coral reefs in the eastern and southern parts of Bedil Island are classified as very good/excellent because they have a percent cover value above 75%. In addition, the coral mortality index value is also relatively small which indicates that the corals are living well. Clearwater conditions and locations far from human settlements are thought to be factors that support coral survival. However, the presence of dead coral algae and rubble still indicates a threat of damage even though the value is small. Algae life on the surface of dead coral also indicates that the coral has been dead for a long time. 

scholarly journals The main weeds in the fields of the North-Eastern Ukraine

2020 ◽  
pp. 61-64
Author(s):  
V. Zuza ◽  
R. Hutianskyi
Keyword(s):  
Arable Land ◽  
Significant Part ◽  
Phytolacca Americana ◽  
Important Thing ◽  
Broad Group ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
The North ◽  
Hibiscus Trionum ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Quantitative Indicators

Goal. most of the herbologists rarely classify their weeds. Some types of weeds are sometimes given only epithets. But it is necessary to divide the weeds into larger groups, and the most important thing is to determine them by their quantitative indicators and not the qualitative epithets. Methods. Field, analytical. Results. For 45 years the experience of crops inspection was mainly carried out in the Kharkiv region. In these years of herbological monitoring perfect methods were carried out. Previously the following prevalence groups were established: very wide, wide, moderate, small, and very small. Later another “moderately broad” group was added. In the conditions of North-Eastern Ukraine the main survey of the arable land, which lasted for several decades, has established 270 species. The weeds grouped the floral list into six parts. The analyses of the group respectively: very wide, wide, moderately wide, moderately small and very small found that the number of species was 1.9, 1.9, 4.4, 6.7, 17.3 and 67.8 percent. With the expansion of the weed list, in the group of very small weeds the percentage of species grew. In recent years some adventitious weeds have appeared. These are: four types of Abutilon theophrast Ved., Hibiscus trionum L., Diqitaria ischaemum (Schreb.) Muehl) and Phytolacca americana (L.). Conclusions. On which territory it is necessary to determine the types of weeds and their criterion of prevalence and dominance. In the list weeds it is necessary to distinguish six groups: very wide, wide, moderately wide, moderate, small, very small. A significant part of the weeds on the list are included in the of the very small ones. In North-Eastern Ukraine, where there are 270 species observed, 67.8% of weeds belong to the last group.

scholarly journals Echinoderms from the Gulf of Venezuela, north-western coast of Venezuela

2021 ◽  
Vol 61 ◽  
pp. e20216151
Author(s):  
Nínive Edilia Espinoza-Rodríguez ◽  
Yumara Pernía ◽  
Héctor Severeyn ◽  
Yajaira García de Severeyn ◽  
Héctor Barrios-Garrido
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reefs ◽  
Marine Invertebrates ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Marine Ecosystem ◽  
Sampling Site ◽  
Western Coast ◽  
Seagrass Meadows ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
The North ◽  
North Western

Echinoderms are a major group of marine invertebrates that often play integral roles within the marine ecosystem. Studies about their occurrence, abundance, and distribution in Venezuela are focused in the central-eastern coasts; hence the aim of this study is to describe the echinoderm community in the north-western coast of the Gulf of Venezuela. Samples were collected from three sites in the Venezuelan Guajira Peninsula (Castilletes, Porshoure, and Kazuzain) where patchy coral reefs and seagrass meadows are abundant. According to the substrate, two methods were performed using quantitative (1 m² quadrates), and qualitative free-diving observations. All organisms were counted and identified to the lowest possible taxonomic level; finally, diversity (Shannon diversity index), richness (number of species), and dominance in the different sampled substrates were recorded. The updated list of echinoderms of the Gulf of Venezuela reported in this research, includes 20 genera, 15 families, 10 orders, four classes, and 28 species. The richest class was Ophiuroidea, with 18 species, followed by Asteroidea, Echinoidea and Holothuroidea, with three species each. Castilletes was the sampling site with the higher number of species (18 species), followed by Porshoure (15 species), and lastly Kazuzain (12 species). Our observations indicate that the number of species and abundance were higher when found in coral reefs (21 species, 80.69% of the total collected individuals) in contrast to the species found in seagrass beds (16 species, 19.31% of the total of individuals collected). This updated list of echinoderms represents 11.54% of the total diversity of the phylum in the marine areas from the coast of Venezuela; it is suggested that this percentage is greatly influenced by the differences of habitats and substrates alongside the north-western coast in the Gulf of Venezuela.

Axinellida (Porifera : Demospongiae) from the New Caledonia lagoon

1993 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 1395 ◽  
Author(s):  
JNA Hooper ◽  
C Levi
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Coral Reefs ◽  
Shallow Water ◽  
Sibling Species ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
Species Distributions ◽  
West Pacific ◽  
The North ◽  
North Eastern

Sixteen species of axinellid demosponges, including seven new species and seven new locality records, are described from the shallow-water New Caledonian lagoon and reefs [families Axinellidae (12 species, Cyrnbastela, Reniochalina, Axinella, Phakellia, Stylissa, Ptilocaulis, Pseudaxinella, Rhaphoxya) and Desmoxyidae (4 species, Myrrnekioderrna, Higginsia)], bringing the total number of described axinellid species in this region to 25. Brief revisions are provided for several of these genera, based primarily on the Indo-west Pacific fauna, in order to place these New Caledonian species. Non-endemic New Caledonian axinellids belong predominantly to the north-eastern Australian (Solanderian province) and Indo-Malay fauna, usually representing the easternmost extent of these species' distributions in the Indo-west Pacific. Two species, Axinella carteri (Dendy) and Astrosclera willeyana Lister, were found to be truly widely distributed throughout the Indo-Pacific, typically associated with coral reefs; other previously suspected widely distributed species were generally found to be allopatric, cryptic sibling species related to the tropical Australasian fauna.

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