scholarly journals Ekonomi Sharî‘ah dan Ketidakadilan Kapitalisme Global

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 234
Author(s):  
MN Harisudin
Keyword(s):  
Economic System ◽  
Good Alternative ◽  
Main Concern ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Practical Guideline ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Capitalistic Society

This paper understands that the Sharî‘ah Economics is a serious contender for the modern global capitalistic economic system. Capitalism has been responsible for the collapse of not only the global economic system but also the moral deterioration of human being. Injustice is the main mark of capitalism. Hence, in a capitalistic society, no law of the game is upheld economically speaking. The strong and the rich rule. The weak is always a victim. This is the main concern of this paper, vis-à-vis which it introduces the Sharî‘ah perspective as providing a good alternative. The paper first speaks of the sources of this “Islamic” system -namely the Qur’an, the Sunna, Ijma and Qiyas- and then delves into its heart, namely justice. The study holds that the main imprint ot Syari’ ah economic system is justice. Being divinely revealed, this system is always in line with the very nature of man as a social being whose responsibility it is to do something beneficial for his fellow human being. Man is not created solely to accumulate wealth, but to serve God, his religion, his community by using wealth among others. Hence, wealth is not the goal, but the means. The goal that every man wants to acquire is happiness. Sharî‘ah Economics–the paper argues- is ordained to provide a practical guideline toward happiness.

scholarly journals Albert Camus’ The Plague in Twenty-First Century’s Pandemic Covid-19- A Reification Model in the Capitalistic World

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-58
Author(s):  
Farheen Shakir
Keyword(s):  
Economic System ◽  
Albert Camus ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Use Value ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Capitalist System ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
The Social ◽  
Capitalistic Society

Covid-19 has emerged as the new global pandemic in 2020, engulfing thousands of lives in the capitalistic economic system. Reification, in such a materialistic world, commodifies human beings for possessing use-value. The workers transform themselves into dehumanized labor product of Capitalism as a historical project. The economic loss during the current pandemic has changed the outlook of the global capitalist system. The human beings have transformed into productive devices. Lukacs’ Theory of Reification has been applied to Albert Camus' The Plague (1948) to analyze how the epidemics change human conditions and convert them into lifeless products. Such reification leads to alienation of the human beings. The social, political, religious, and medical references and their applicability in the current world suggest the parallelism and universality of Camus' works, especially in the context of current capitalistic society, under siege of Covid-19. The research is a breakthrough in comprehending Capitalism as historically and materialistically intertwined in the current pandemic world, whereby human beings have lost human traits and become reified models of Capitalism. Now, the urge to reform compels to re-determine the morality of human beings.

scholarly journals KONSEP HAK MILIK DALAM EKONOMI ISLAM

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-207
Author(s):  
AN Ras Try Astuti ◽  
Andi Faisal
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Social Justice ◽  
Economic System ◽  
The Other ◽  
Private Ownership ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The World ◽  
Joint Ownership ◽  
The Rich ◽  
The Individual

Capitalism as an economic system that is implemented by most countries in the world today, in fact it gave birth to injustice and social inequalityare increasingly out of control. Social and economic inequalities are felt both between countries (developed and developing countries) as well as insociety itself (the rich minority and the poor majority). The condition is born from the practice of departing from faulty assumptions about the man. In capitalism the individual to own property released uncontrollably, causing a social imbalance. On the other hand, Islam never given a state model that guarantees fair distribution of ownership for all members of society, ie at the time of the Prophet Muhammad established the Islamic government in Medina. In Islam, the private ownership of property was also recognized but not absolute like capitalism. Islam also recognizes the forms of joint ownership for the benefit of society and acknowledges the ownership of the state that aims to create a balance and social justice.

scholarly journals Importance of Spiritual Education for Present and Future School: M. Lukšienė’s Insights

Pedagogika ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 111 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-101
Author(s):  
Elvyda Martišauskienė
Keyword(s):  
Education Reform ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Main Concern ◽  
Common Denominator ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Spiritual Values ◽  
Spiritual Education ◽  
Spiritual Dimension ◽  
Holistic Understanding ◽  
Future School

Spiritual education derives from the conception of a human being as intersection and unity of spiritual, psychical and physical dimension. Spiritual dimension, as a part of supernatural reality, performs a fundamental and unifying function in the becoming of an individual but it is not approachable through positivist research methods. Due to this reason, spiritual dimension of personality is inconceivable to apologists of materialism and pragmatism, unapproachable theoreticians of relativism. Therefore, it is particularly important to understand spiritual parameters of an individual (freedom, truth, love) that manifest themselves through principles of humanism, nationality and democracy. Since its very beginning, the education reform has been grounded on links of an individual and culture because namely, the spiritual dimension enables a human being to become a personality, to create culture and oneself. M. Lukšienė perceives holistic understanding of culture as a highly relevant aspect and education as a component of culture process, which derives from spiritual roots. Therefore, links of personality and culture are fundamentals of education reform. Discussing the relation between change and stability of education, M. Lukšienė directs our attention to spiritual values, approaching them as common denominator of present and future school as well as a guarantee of education reform. She also presents conception of spirituality, links of transcendental dimension, penetrates into the essence and spread of freedom, openness and dignity, and raises concern about moral, national and civic education. Contemporary focuses of education problems emerge at school deriving from the very depths of spiritual education. The main concern regards evaluation of teachers’ work and their training; knowledge commercialization and transfer of related business models to spiritual relations; establishment of education goals eliminating spiritual values or failing to understand mechanism of their (self-)development; prioritization of education methods; nurturance of patriotism, national culture, limits of freedom and other aspects, which were pointed out by M. Lukšienė.

Railroads as an Economic Force in American Development

1944 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leland H. Jenks
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
General Theory ◽  
Economic System ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Economic Evolution ◽  
New Combinations ◽  
Internal Factor ◽  
Economic Process ◽  
American Economy ◽  
Capitalistic Society

Any attempt to discuss the way in which railroads have promoted the rise of the American economy must assume some theory of economic evolution. The following analysis is based upon Schumpeter's theory of innovations. Briefly this theory holds that economic evolution in capitalistic society is started by innovation in some production function, that is, by new combinations of the factors in the economic process. These innovations may center in new commodities or new services, new types of machinery, new forms of organization, new firms, new resources, or new areas. As Schumpeter makes clear, this is not a general theory of economic, much less of social, change. Innovation is an internal factor operating within a given economic system while the system is also affected by external factors (many of them sociological) and by growth (which means, substantially, changes in population and in the sum total of savings made by individuals and firms). These sets of factors interact in economic change. “The changes in the economic process brought about by innovation, together with all their effects, and the response to them by the economic system” constitute economic evolution for Schumpeter.

scholarly journals The Dual Stricture of the Israeli Economy: Is Technology the Solution?

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 146
Author(s):  
Yaron Katz
Keyword(s):  
Technological Development ◽  
Strategic Decision ◽  
Advanced Technology ◽  
Main Concern ◽  
Dual Structure ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Technological Advantage ◽  
Israeli Arabs ◽  
The Rich ◽  
The Government

<p><em>The main concern of this research is the conflict between technology and society. It concentrates on the in the Israeli society, which is split in half: on the one hand it is in the information era, with highly advanced technology sector, while on the other hand it is still considered a developing country in terms of social development among large segments of society. The dual structure of the economy means that despite being known as the “Start-Up Nation”, Israel has one of the highest poverty rates with the gap between the rich and the poor is widening. The research argues that the problem is the dual structure: the nation is leading the world in technological development, but the services provided to its citizens are limited to the extent that poverty is high. The research further claims that the solution is technology: the technological advantage of Israel promoted its economy, which has grown more rapidly than most other advanced economies, after the government made a strategic decision to promote technology by providing financial support for in research and development. The rise in social and sectorial media allows the poorest parts of society—the Ultra-Orthodox and the Israeli-Arabs—to adopt technology and benefit from the leading role of the country in technological development and global competition. This means that while technology created the problem of dual structure—it also allows the segments of society that are considered poor and underdeveloped to use advanced media services within their communities.</em></p>

scholarly journals A missing hand at the dinner table: The response to the plight of farmers in South Africa

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelebogile T. Resane
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Main Concern ◽  
Sexual Intimacy ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Hunter Gatherers ◽  
Political Dialogue ◽  
South Africans ◽  
Agricultural Sciences ◽  
History Of

This article investigated the plight of farmers in South Africa. The intention is to enlighten South Africans of the importance of farming and the respect of farmers’ life and dignity. It starts by giving the picture of how the farmers are marginalised even in thanksgiving for food. Acknowledgement is always given to the provider (God) and the preparer (cook), while the producer (farmer) is unmentioned in appreciation for food. There is a demonstration that God-human dealings from the beginning were around the garden. Communication of God with a human being was in the garden; and humanity expressed wisdom, sexual intimacy, and livelihood in and around the farm. A historical survey of farming from the hunter-gatherers up to the commercial farmers of today is pointed out. The current farm attacks in South Africa are explored through press releases, political statements, and periodicals. Suggestions to address these attacks through political initiatives, land restitution, decolonised agricultural sciences, and the role the church should play are suggested. The farmer as the food provider is to be respected as a human being that carries the image of God.Intradisciplinary and/or Interdisciplinary implications: The article addresses the importance of farmers, the history of farming in Southern Africa and the biblical basis for agriculture. The burning issue of farm attacks is a main concern and needs to be addressed through political dialogue, decolonisation of agricultural sciences and church’s participation in teaching the nation the value of farmers as human beings regardless of the colour of their skins.

scholarly journals The Social Implications of Metaphor in Bong Joon-ho’s Parasite

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-116
Author(s):  
Alireza Farahbakhsh ◽  
Ramtin Ebrahimi
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Lower Class ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
Capitalist Society ◽  
Social Implications ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Capitalistic Society

The purpose of the present article is to study the social implications of repetitive metaphors in the film and of the word Parasite (2019) and to observe what makes the life of a lower-class family parasitic within a typical capitalistic society. In the mainstream discussion, the metaphorical functions of such words as ‘smell,’ ‘insects,’ ‘the rock,’ and ‘the party’ are assessed within the context of the film. The central questions of the article, therefore, are: What are the recurrent and metaphorical motifs in the plotline and how can their implications be related to the overall theme of the film? How does Parasite exhibit the clash of classes in a capitalist society? To answer the questions, the present study offers a comprehensive analysis of its recurring metaphors as well as its treatment of the characters who visibly belong to two completely different classes. Through a complex story of two families whose fate gets intermingled, Bong Joon-ho masterfully presents a metaphoric picture of a society where inequality is rampant and the poor can only experience temporary happiness in the shadow of the rich (represented by the Park family).

Examining Scripture in Light of Trans Women’s Voices

2020 ◽  
pp. 507-523
Author(s):  
Katy E. Valentine
Keyword(s):  
Biblical Interpretation ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Women's Voices ◽  
Gender Variant ◽  
Transgender Persons ◽  
Femininity And Masculinity ◽  
Trans Women ◽  
The Rich

This essay adds another voice to feminist and woman-centered voices in biblical interpretation: the transgender voice, specifically the trans woman voice. Drawn from interviews with transgender persons, the essay explores texts that support trans women and disrupts a binary understanding of gender. I begin with some term definitions and a brief examination of the rich tapestry of women in Scripture who are valued for reasons other than procreation (i.e. Miriam, Deborah, Judith), suggesting that procreation alone is not a viable determinant for womanhood. The essay then turns to Gen. 1:27, a verse that many gender variant interpreters have embraced as confirmation that femininity and masculinity are found in the first human being as an androgyne. This interpretation is echoed in Paul’s use of the baptismal formula. The essay concludes with a reflection on the gifts that a transgender hermeneutic offers feminist and woman-centered methodologies.

Islamic Perspectives on Human Nature: Ibn Ashur's Fitrah-Based Theory of Maqasid Al-Shari'ah

ICR Journal ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 230-243
Author(s):  
Gowhar Quadir Wani
Keyword(s):  
Human Nature ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Western Thought ◽  
Ibn Sina ◽  
Human Psychology ◽  
Islamic Perspective ◽  
Comprehensive Account ◽  
Intellectual Traditions ◽  
The Rich

The concept of human nature is central to both Islamic and Western thought, as manifested in the rich legacy of literature on human psychology in both intellectual traditions. A comprehensive account of human nature (or fitrah) from an Islamic perspective, can be gleaned from the Qur'an, Prophetic narrations and works of Muslim scholars like al-Farabi, Ibn Sina and al-Razi. The famous Zaytuna Imam, Tahir Ibn Ashur (d.1973), in his book on the objectives of Islamic Law, Maqasid Shar’ah al-Islamiyyah, provides fitrah-based model for building human civilisation, thereby linking Islamic law to psychology. The present paper is a humble attempt to study the views of Ibn Ashur on human nature and to highlight the relevance of Islamic perspectives on the 'human being' with regards to civilisational development.  

Sovereignization of the Russian economy

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (9) ◽  
pp. 1623-1652
Author(s):  
Valerii K. ZAKHAROV
Keyword(s):  
Economic System ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Free Market ◽  
Historical Memory ◽  
Social Philosophy ◽  
Human Being ◽  
National Interests ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
Management Measures ◽  
Market Economic

Subject. The article addresses the strengthening of economic sovereignty as a pressing challenge of modern Russia. Objectives. The aim is to consider the possibility of strengthening Russia's economic sovereignty by reconstructing the two-system harmony of its economy, which was completely destroyed in the 20th century. Methods. I developed a conception about the order of human existence that enabled to lay a foundation for nomology, an explanatory-prognosticative science about the ordering of human being (intermediate between social philosophy and some social and humane sciences). According to the conception, which rests on works by K.R.E. Hartmann on social philosophy and by C.G. Jung on social psychology, the present and future of human being is organized (reproduced and renewed) by the reflection of all past being in the social historical memory, both conscious and subconscious. This conception allows to find some historically adjusted balance between subjective wishes and objective opportunities, when defensing Russia’s national interests. Results. The paper considers deep psychosocial foundations of economic activity, proves that the society tends to harmony of egoism and altruism, shows that the sociopsychic two-code synthetical character of any activity of the society, as applied to the economic activity of an organized and managed society, generates a natural synthetization of planned and free market economic activity. Conclusions. Economic sovereignty can be strengthened by recreating the two-system harmony of Russia’s economy. I substantiate the main economic and management measures to be taken to recreate the planned economic system in addition to the free market economic system.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document