scholarly journals Shear viscosity dependence on concentration of (polyethylene oxide - xanthan) pseudo plasticity polymer collide

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Obaid K. A. ◽  
Rassol S. R. ◽  
Hussain A. J. ◽  
Musa A. O.
Keyword(s):  
Shear Viscosity ◽  
Polyethylene Oxide ◽  
Relative Viscosity ◽  
Physical Property ◽  
Specific Viscosity ◽  
Oil Drilling ◽  
Average Mass ◽  
Reduced Viscosity ◽  
Molecular Radius ◽  
Viscosity Dependence

Introduction: Its necessary to bear in mind that we life in theword increase industrialization, therefore we make many modifications to material to getting on best characterizations. The aim ofthis research is to Prepare new Pseudo Plasticity Polymer Collide.Materials and Methods: In the present paper effects of xanthancellulose gum (X) on rheological properties of polyethylene oxidepolymer (PEO, 3000 Daltons) included different type of viscosityhas been investigated by using the following parameters: (Spindle:no.1, Speed: 60 rpm and Temperature: RT), different sort of viscosity is computed for a PEO that dissolved in distilled cold waterwith completely different various concentrations (0.1, 0.2 to 0.8)%g/mL once and before adding (0.25 and 0.5) g X for every concentration. Results and Discussion: The results show that all properties of density, shear viscosity, relative viscosity, specific viscosity,reduced viscosity, intrinsic viscosity, viscosity average mass and theeffective molecular radius have been enhanced after the addition ofxanthan. Conclusions: Addition of xanthan are often applied asthicker mixture in coating, oil drilling and pumping of fluids attributable related pseudo physical property

The Terminology of Intrinsic Viscosity and Related Functions

1946 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 1092-1098
Author(s):  
L. H. Cragg
Keyword(s):  
Intrinsic Viscosity ◽  
Kinematic Viscosity ◽  
Relative Viscosity ◽  
Flow Time ◽  
Inherent Viscosity ◽  
Routine Practice ◽  
Concentration Coefficient ◽  
Specific Viscosity ◽  
Reduced Viscosity ◽  
Relative Flow

Abstract The confusion existing in the use of symbols and names for Kraemer's “intrinsic viscosity” and other functions related to it is illustrated and deplored. The reasonable plea is made that one name be adopted for each function and that it be used with no other meaning. To stimulate discussion and ultimate action, the following names are proposed: “specific viscosity” for ηsp; “reduced viscosity” for ηsp/c, “inherent viscosity” for (ln ηr)/c; and “intrinsic viscosity” for [η], whether determined as “limiting reduced viscosity” limc→0 (ηsp/c), or as “limiting inherent viscosity” limc→0 (ηr/c), or as “limiting viscosity concentration coefficient” limc→0 (dηr/dc). Often, especially in routine practice, it is the relative kinematic viscosity νr, that is determined ; unless this is shown to be numerically equal to the relative viscosity ηr, the symbols and names of the derived functions should be modified accordingly: thus, (ln νr)/c inherent kinematic viscosity, [ν] intrinsic kinematic viscosity. Frequently, also, kinetic energy corrections are neglected; under these circumstances the suggested usage is tr, relative flow time, tsp/c reduced flow time, [t] intrinsic flow time, etc.

Tracer diffusion in aqueous sucrose and urea solutions

1990 ◽  
Vol 68 (9) ◽  
pp. 1611-1615 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allan J. Easteal
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Coefficients ◽  
Relative Viscosity ◽  
Tracer Diffusion ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Specific Viscosity ◽  
Sucrose Solutions ◽  
Diaphragm Cell ◽  
Tracer Diffusion Coefficients ◽  
Viscosity Dependence

Tracer diffusion coefficients for water (as HTO), methanol (14CH3OH), and acetonitrile (CT3CN) in aqueous sucrose (10–25% w/w) and urea (0.25–4 mol L−1) solutions at 298 K have been determined using the diaphragm cell technique. For sucrose solutions tracer diffusion coefficients vary with the 2/3 power of the relative viscosity and the viscosity dependence is the same for the above tracers as for sucrose and oxygen. In urea solutions tracer diffusion coefficients appear to have a solute-specific viscosity dependence, but the solute specificity is largely removed when the effects of proton exchange and urea dimerisation are considered. Keywords: diffusion, water, methanol, acetonitrile, sucrose, urea.

scholarly journals Calculation of the Effective Macromolecular Radii of Human Serum Albumin from the Shear Viscosity Data for Its Aqueous Solutions

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 287 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. V. Khorolskyi
Keyword(s):  
Human Serum Albumin ◽  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Human Serum ◽  
Shear Viscosity ◽  
Effective Radius ◽  
Water Molecules ◽  
Viscosity Data ◽  
Molecular Radius

The Malomuzh–Orlov theory is used to analyze the experimental shear viscosity data obtained for aqueous solutions of human serum albumin (HSA) at pH = 7.0 in wide temperature and concentration intervals, which allowed the effective radii of HSA macromolecules to be calculated. It is shown that three intervals of the effective molecular radius of HSA with different behaviors can be distinguished in a temperature interval of 278–318 K: 1) below the crossover concentration, the effective molecular radius of HSA remains constant; 2) in the interval from the crossover concentration to about 10 wt%, the effective molecular radius of HSA in the aqueous solution nonlinearly decreases; and 3) at concentrations of 10.2–23.8 wt%, the effective radius of HSA macromolecules linearly decreases, as the concentration grows. The assumption is made that the properties of water molecules in the solution bulk play a crucial role in the dynamics of HSA macromolecules at the vital concentrations of HSA in the solutions. The role of water near the surface of HSA macromolecules and the corresponding changes of its physical properties have been discussed.

scholarly journals Systematic Review of Tongxinluo Capsule on the Therapeutic Effect and Hemorheology of Patients with Transient Ischemic Attack

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Peng Yang ◽  
Peng Liu ◽  
Ruijin Yang
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Efficacy ◽  
Shear Viscosity ◽  
Transient Ischemic Attack ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Cochrane Collaboration ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Specific Viscosity ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Ischemic Attack

Objectives. This study aims to systematically evaluate the clinical efficacy of Tongxinluo capsule in the treatment of transient ischemic attack (TIA) and its effect on hemorheology, thereby providing scientific basis for clinical decision making. Methods. A comprehensive and systematic literature retrieval was conducted in the CNKI, Wanfang database, SinoMed, EMbase, and PubMed to screen the randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of Tongxinluo capsule in the treatment of TIA. The retrieval time was from the inception of each database to September 10, 2020. Endnote X9 was used to screen the literature. Cochrane Collaboration tool for assessing risk of bias was used to evaluate the quality of the included studies. Stata16.0 statistical software was used for meta-analysis. Results. A total of 12 RCTs were included, involving 946 subjects. (1) The clinical efficacy of the Tongxinluo group was better than that of the control group (RR = 1.19, 95% CI (1.09, 1.30), P  ≤ 0.001). (2) The hemorheological characteristics of the Tongxinluo group were significantly improved compared with those of the control group (whole blood high shear viscosity: SMD = −1.61, 95% CI (−1.89, −1.34); P  ≤ 0.001, whole blood low shear viscosity: SMD = −1.06, 95% CI (−1.31, −0.80), P  ≤ 0.001, fibrinogen: SMD = −1.12, 95% CI (−1.94, −0.29), P  = 0.008, plasma specific viscosity: SMD = −1.00, 95% CI (−1.69, −0.31), P  = 0.004, and hematocrit: SMD = −1.47, 95% CI (−2.16, −0.77), P  ≤ 0.001). (3) There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the Tongxinluo group and control group (RR = 7.76, 95% CI (0.98, 61.28), P  = 0.052). Conclusion. Tongxinluo capsule is superior to conventional treatment in improving clinical overall response rate and hemorheological indexes and is relatively safe. Due to the deficiencies of the existing studies, more high-quality studies with rigorous design are required for further verification.

Study of Some Physical Properties for Polyvinyl Alcohol-Polyethylene Glycol Blends

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-56
Author(s):  
Sanaa S. Najm
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Absorption Coefficient ◽  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Polymer Blends ◽  
Shear Viscosity ◽  
Acoustic Impedance ◽  
Ultrasonic Absorption ◽  
Reduced Viscosity ◽  
Polymeric Solutions

A polymer blends (PVA/PEG) have been prepared at various concentrations(6%, 8%, 10%, 12%, and 14%) g /ml by dissolving different weights from the powders{Pva and Peg}.The behavior of this mixture has been studied utilize some physical properties such as ultrasonic absorption coefficient, relaxation amplitude, specific acoustic Impedance, compression, bulk modulus, shear viscosity, and Reduced viscosity. The outcomes referenced that each of these characteristics increased with increasing concentration of polymeric solutions, "while compressibility decreased with increasing concentration solutions".

A viscometric study of the breakdown of casein in milk by rennin and rennet

1961 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. W. Scott Blair ◽  
J. C. Oosthuizen
Keyword(s):  
Intrinsic Viscosity ◽  
Order Term ◽  
Specific Viscosity ◽  
Reduced Viscosity ◽  
Reaction Constant ◽  
Zero Order Reaction ◽  
Straight Lines ◽  
Viscometric Study ◽  
Considerable Range ◽  
Ostwald Viscometer

SummaryIn the later stages of the reaction between rennin and casein drastic viscometric methods are undesirable, but in the first stages there is a fall in viscosity which may be satisfactorily measured in an Ostwald viscometer. Using fat-free milk, the viscosity at first falls linearly with time. At low rennet concentrations (Ce) this may be said to constitute a zero-order reaction (constant k0). At higher rennet concentrations and after longer times, the reaction passes to first order (constant k1). After very long times it doubtless becomes more complex.The values of k0 are proportional, over a considerable range, to the milk concentration (Cm), those of k1 being independent of Cm.For pure rennin k0 and k1 are proportional to Ce, but for commercial rennets they vary as a power (N) of Ce and the value of N appears to measure the rennin purity. The potentialities of the method for assessing rennet activities are also discussed.If the reduced viscosity (specific viscosity÷Cm) of fat-free milks is plotted against Cm, good straight lines are obtained which may be extrapolated to zero concentration to give a reliable value of intrinsic viscosity. The intrinsic viscosity falls progressively during the protein breakdown process but the slope of the curves (‘second order term’) remains unchanged.

The viscosity-volume fraction relation for suspensions of rod-like particles by falling-ball rheometry

1989 ◽  
Vol 202 ◽  
pp. 217-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
William J. Milliken ◽  
Moshe Gottlieb ◽  
Alan L. Graham ◽  
Lisa A. Mondy ◽  
Robert L. Powell
Keyword(s):  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Fibre Length ◽  
Relative Viscosity ◽  
Ball Bearings ◽  
Specific Viscosity ◽  
Volume Fractions ◽  
Ball Size ◽  
Theoretical Predictions ◽  
Constant Viscosity ◽  
Good Agreement

The relative viscosities of suspensions of randomly oriented rods in a Newtonian fluid were measured using falling-ball rheometry. The rods were monodisperse and sufficiently large to render colloidal and Brownian forces negligible. Steel and brass ball bearings were dropped along the centreline of cylindrical columns containing the suspensions. The terminal velocities of the falling balls were measured and used to determine the average viscosities of the suspensions. The suspensions behaved as Newtonian fluids in that they were characterized by a constant viscosity. They exhibited a linear relative viscosity-volume fraction relationship for volume fractions less than 0.125, and, for volume fractions between 0.125 and 0.2315, the specific viscosity increased with the cube of the volume fraction. The relative viscosity was found to be independent of falling-ball size for a ratio of falling ball to fibre length greater than 0.3. It was found to be independent of the diameter of the containing cylindrical column for a ratio of column diameter to fibre length greater than 3.2. The value determined for the intrinsic viscosity is in good agreement with theoretical predictions for suspensions of randomly oriented rods.

Probing the Viscoelasticity of Collagen Solutions via Optical-Tweezers-Based Microrheology

2012 ◽  
Vol 1465 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marjan Shayegan ◽  
Nancy R. Forde
Keyword(s):  
Optical Tweezers ◽  
Polyethylene Oxide ◽  
Short Range ◽  
Surrounding Medium ◽  
Physical Property ◽  
Thermal Fluctuations ◽  
High Frequencies ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
Measurement And Analysis ◽  
Structure Of Proteins

ABSTRACTHow the molecular structure of proteins in solution correlates with the mechanical properties of the solution at different length scales is not known. Using optical-tweezers based microrheology, we investigate a key physical property, viscoelasticity, of collagen solutions. To do this, we measure short-range thermal fluctuations of probe particles to obtain elastic and viscous moduli of their surrounding medium, and validate our measurement and analysis techniques using the previously studied system of polyethylene oxide. Probing the concentration dependence of viscoelasticity, we find that collagen solutions exhibit elasticity of comparable strength to viscosity when the concentration reaches ∼5 mg/ml. We also find that the presence of telopeptides alters the viscoelasticity of collagen solutions, particularly at high frequencies

scholarly journals Kinerja Mesin Pemisah Potongan Tangkai dan Daun Teh

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 160
Author(s):  
Agus Sutejo ◽  
Sutrisno Suro Mardjan ◽  
Wawan Hermawan ◽  
Desrial Desrial
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Physical Property ◽  
Terminal Velocity ◽  
Combined Treatments ◽  
Tea Leaves ◽  
Suction Velocity ◽  
Average Mass ◽  
Aerodynamic Properties ◽  
The Difference

The quality of dried tea depends on the condition of raw materials and processing methods. The problem in the tea processing is the mixture of pieces of stalks and leaves. This research aims to examine the performance of stalks and leaves machine separator based on the difference of suction velocity and the terminal velocity of the material. The separator was designed according to the physical and aerodynamic properties of tea leaves. The performance of the separator was done by calculating the separating efficiency of five combined treatments (P, P1a, P1b, P0a, and P0b) and calculating the separating capacity with three feeding treatments (0.4 kg/sec, 0.5 kg/sec, and 0.6 kg/sec). Physical property observation of the tea leaves obtained an average mass 0.143 kg/m² which means the theoretical suction pressure needed is about 1.4 Pa. The actual terminal velocity measured as 7.5 m/sec for the stalk pieces and 3.0 m/sec for the leaf pieces. The optimum separating efficiency was obtained at P treatment, it was about 97.6 %, with average suction ir velocity 3.15 m/s. Optimum separating capacity was obtained about 354.29 kg/hour.

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