scholarly journals BIOLOGICAL VALUE AND CONSUMER PROPERTIES OF FISH PASTES

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Menchynska ◽  
T. Manoli ◽  
L. Tyshchenko ◽  
O. Pylypchuk ◽  
A. Ivanyuta ◽  
...  

The paper presents a study of the quality parameters of fish pastes and confirms their value as food products with optimised nutritional and biological characteristics. Sensory evaluation of fish pastes has shown that the samples developed have higher consumer properties compared with the control sample. The results of the profile analysis by the flavour method show that the paste Ikrynka is the closest to the ideal taste profile. The findings on the chemical composition characterise fish pastes as products with high nutritional value due to the significant content of proteins and lipids. The paste Ikrynka contains 12.68% of proteins, and the paste Zakusochna 13.43%, which is at the level of the control sample (13.05%). The mass fraction of lipids in the experimental samples exceeds the control: in the paste Ikrynka, the lipid content is 40.06%, in Zakusochna, it is 36.64%, and in the control sample, the proportion of lipids is 11.41%. The results of studying the amino acid composition of proteins show that in the test samples, all essential amino acids are present. They are well-balanced, which indicates their high biological value and makes the pastes easily assimilated by the human body. The study of the fatty acid composition of lipids present in the fish pastes shows that in the samples developed, polyunsaturated fatty acids predominate: their share in the paste Zakusochna is 44.23%, and in Ikrynka, 48.42%. By the ratios of the fatty acids С18:2:С18:1, С18:2:С18:3, and ω6:ω3, both samples of pastes are equivalent to ideal fat, which indicates high biological effectiveness of lipids in fish pastes. It has been found that the pastes Ikrynka and Zakusochna are high in vitamin E (1.83 mg/100 g and 1.64 mg/100 g respectively) due to a significant amount of vegetable oil in their composition. Ikrynka contains quite a lot of carotenoids (3.47 mg/100 g) due to the presence of carrots in its composition. The results of studying the mineral composition show that the samples of pastes developed are a source of zinc

Author(s):  
O. Fursik ◽  
I. Strashynskyi ◽  
V. Pasichnyi ◽  
R Svyatnenko

Food proteins, besides being used as sources of energy and providing the body with amino acids for the protein synthesis, are important biological objects that help maintain the overall health of a person, participate in the growth and development of the organism, and the functioning of cellular metabolism. Due to the ability of maintaining a balance between anabolic and catabolic metabolism, industrial proteins have achieved the status of a biologically active ingredient or substance that promotes health, which is associated with the placement of peptides or amino acids in the chain encoded in each protein. The article presents the data of conducted researches on the influence of created functional composition containing protein (FCP) of the given composition and properties on SCORE and indicators of  biological efficiency  of cooked sausages proteins. Biological value, as a criterion for evaluating the protein, is very important for determining the effectiveness of its use by the organism. The product's amino acid composition is one of the indicators of its biological value. As a result of the obtained data analysis on the study of the experimental cooked sausage's amino acid composition, it was found that the experimental samples using the FCP were balanced by the content of essential amino acids in comparison with the control sample. For a experimental sample number 1 using FCP in combination with red poultry compared to the control sample, the number of all essential amino acids is increased by an average of 67.2%. For the experimental sample number 2 using FCP combined with mechanical deboned poultry meat (MDPM), there is a decrease in the number of amino acids such as lysine, valine, sulfur-containing (compared to the experimental sample number 1), the SCORE for which is less than 100%. Calculating the indicator of biological value and comparative redundancy, and the coefficients of differentiation the amino acid composition (CDAAC) and utility, generalized the effect of FCP on the biological efficiency of the product's protein. The use of FCP in the cooked sausages technology in the amount of 30% increases the biological value of experimental samples by an average of 3%, utilitarian utilization rate – by 8.4%, and reduces the comparative redundancy by an average of 50%, CDAAC – by 4% compared to the control sample. Replacement of the meat raw material developed by the FCP in the recipes of cooked sausages increases and balances the amino acid composition of the experimental samples.


2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (11) ◽  
pp. 34-39
Author(s):  
G.V. Posnova ◽  
◽  
N.G. Ivanova ◽  
I.A. Nikitin ◽  
G.A. Shinov ◽  
...  

The article presents the results of research on the development of the technology of biscuits using non-traditional plant raw materials. In the course of the work, the replacement of a part of the premium wheat flour in the dairy crust recipe with a mixture of rice (17%) and sesame (11%) and the replacement of butter with camelina butter in an amount of 5% by weight of the product was justified. It was found that the introduction of functional raw materials gives the products a moderately sweet milk taste with a pleasant nutty aftertaste and orange color. The resulting products are characterized by a balanced fatty acid composition of ω-3 and ω-6, enriched with minerals and vitamins. Calculation of the nutritional value showed that the consumption of 100 g of the developed biscuits covers the daily need of an adult for polyunsaturated fatty acids of the ω-3 and ω-6 families by 37–75% and 19,4–31,5, respectively. The protein content rises by 1,5 times, and the carbohydrate content decreases by 1,16 times. At the same time, the degree of satisfaction of the daily requirement for potassium increases – by 2,3%, in calcium – by 7–7,5%, in phosphorus – by 12,6%, in magnesium – by 16,3%, in iron – by 7,3–13,3%. The degree of satisfaction of the daily requirement for vitamins B1 also increases – by 19,7–20,9%, B2 – by 2,2–2,3%, PP – by 8,1–9,3%, E – by 1,6–1,7% compared to the control sample of dairy cakes. The developed products can be recommended for preventive nutrition, people adhering to a healthy lifestyle, as well as school-age children, pregnant and lactating women who have a deficiency of ω-3 and ω-6 fatty acids in the diet


Author(s):  
Zenfira Bochkareva ◽  
Ekaterina Volshenkova

Introduction. Semi-finished products require various additives that increase shelf life, improve sensory properties, or decrease raw material costs. Unfortunately, most additives improve neither nutrition nor biological value of the finished product. The present research featured precooked thin pancakes fortified with a chlorella concentrate. This microalgal supplement with scientific-based healthy properties is a unique project of Russian developers. The chlorella concentrate possesses a balanced amino acid composition, vitamins, major nutrient elements, and dietary minerals. Therefore, it can improve the nutrient and biological value of the pancakes. Study objects and methods. The research featured laboratory and industrial samples of precooked pancakes. 3%, 6%, and 10% of the milk were replaced with chlorella concentrate. The quantitative ratio of the components was determined empirically to obtain pancakes of the optimal quality. The batter-making and baking technologies were traditional. The mixing of milk and chlorella concentrate caused no protein aggregation. Results and discussion. The obtained batter was similar with the control sample in viscosity. The sensory properties did not deteriorate. As the proportion of the concentrate increased, the color of the batter changed from pale green to bright green. The sample with 10% of chlorella concentrate had a distinct algae smell. After the milk was replaced with the chlorella concentrate in the amount of 3%, 6%, and 10%, the amino acid composition demonstrated the following changes. The amount of lysine increased by 4.36%, 8.54%, and 14.72%, respectively. The amount of tryptophan increased by 5.46%, 10.75%, and 18.37, respectively. The amount of methionine + cystine increased by 4.04%, 7.94%, and 13.61%, respectively. The introduction of chlorella concentrate raised the content of certain minerals and vitamins, e.g. iron, vitamins of β-carotene, and vitamin C. Conclusions. Chlorella concentrate improved the production technology of flour-based foods. Therefore, it helps to expand the range of this group of precooked products while improving their biological and nutrition value.


1958 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 230-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Evans

The addition of essential amino acids to all-vegetable diets, so as to raise the biological value of their proteins to the level of animal-protein concentrates, has often been advocated in the past by animal nutritionists. This aim was frustrated in practice since it was impossible, until recently, to secure the necessary supplies at prices that would make such additions economical. Feeding stuffs with added amino acids are now being sold commercially. This is possible following the manufacture of synthetic DL-methionine and crude L-lysine monochloride.It seemed desirable, therefore, to carry out investigations into the potential value of these amino acids to the pig feeder. This paper deals with the effect on growth, food utilization and retention of nitrogen of adding small amounts of lysine and methionine to the diet. An attempt is made to correlate the amino acid composition of the pig's diet with its rate of growth, the energy supply being adequate.


2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 345-360
Author(s):  
Anna Helikh ◽  
Vladyslav Prymenko ◽  
Olha Vasylenko ◽  
Ivan Prikhodko

Topicality. Sauces are an integral part of most dishes, which are prepared from a variety of products: meat, fish, seafood, vegetables. They give the dishes juiciness, add variety to the aesthetic appearance of the dish and complement their taste, increase calories, and nutritional value. The most common sauces are culinary sauces of the emulsion type, in particular, mayonnaise and its derivatives. Nowadays, the oil and fat industry produces a whole “line” of mayonnaise products with various additives that improve the taste, structure and increase the shelf life. The oil and fat industry is at a stage when its development can no longer be carried out by traditional methods, new approaches and solutions are needed. Trends in balanced and healthy diet are forcing producers to look for new approaches for the production of classic mayonnaise with high biological value and high quality characteristics. The problem of nutrition optimisation in terms of the content of essential nutrients, such as fatty acids, can be solved by introducing into the recipe some composition, such as an oil- fat base, vegetable oils are rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids ω-3 and ω-6. One of the promising areas of production of emulsion products, such as mayonnaise sauce, is the introduction of standard recipes for full or partial replacement of sunflower oil with hemp oil, in order to improve biological value, while maintaining high organoleptic, structural and mechanical properties and safety. Among the essential nutrients needed to maintain homeostasis of the human body are polyunsaturated fatty acids, the source of which is hemp oil. Hemp oil contains natural antioxidants, which gives a raised resistance to oxidation, despite the natural high content of ω-3 and ω-6 fatty acids. One of the ways to implement the innovative idea is the partial or complete replacement of the oil-fat fraction of the emulsion-type mayonnaise sauce with hemp oil in a mass fraction of introduction into the recipe (50%, 75%, and 100%). The aim of the study is to research the quality of mayonnaise sauce with partial or complete substitution of oil, and fat fraction for hemp oil, namely their organoleptic, physicochemical (effective viscosity, emulsion stability, acidity, acid and peroxide value) indicators, to investigate the fatty acid composition developed samples of mayonnaise sauce, based on hemp oil, and investigate the change in microbiological parameters during storage. This will expand the range of quality foods, enriched with essential nutrients. The following research methods are used in this article: standard methods of organoleptic profile analysis, structural-mechanical, standard methods of research of fatty acid composition, and methods of determining microbiological parameters. The results of this study are processed using modern computer programmes. Results. The expediency of using mayonnaise, based mayonnaise sauce technology, during the development of hemp oil sauce technology, has been theoretically and experimentally substantiated, and formulations of these mayonnaises have been elaborated. Based on the organoleptic analysis, it is determined that the use of hemp oil in the technology of mayonnaise sauce has a positive effect on its organoleptic characteristics. The study of the fatty acid composition shows that the optimal ratio of fatty acids of the groups ω-3: ω-6, as 1:4, has a sample of mayonnaise sauce (M2), containing 75% of hemp oil in its composition. The analysis of the fatty acid composition also confirms the functionality of all developed samples of mayonnaise. It is found that all elaborated samples of mayonnaise, based on hemp oil, fully comply with the normative indicators of structure (effective viscosity and stability of the emulsion), and quality indicators (pH, acid number, and peroxide value). It is investigated that the microbiological parameters of the control sample of mayonnaise and experimental samples with partial or complete replacement of the oil and fat fraction with hemp oil during storage (28 days) indicate that opportunistic and pathogenic microflora are within acceptable values. Conclusions and discussion. The studied quality indicators make it possible to substantiate the technology of mayonnaise sauce based on hemp oil with increased biological value.


Food Industry ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 30-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svetlana Maksimova ◽  
Denis Poleschuk ◽  
Elena Surovtseva ◽  
Kseniya Vereshchagina ◽  
Alexei Milovanov

The article presents the technological potential research results of secondary resources formed in the King crab cutting process for food purposes. The authors analyzed waste (cephalothorax and abdomen) obtained from the King crab industrial processing from the North Okhotsk sea subzone and Primorye subzone. They determined the size and mass characteristics of waste. There is the shell, viscera (including liver), gills and abdominals ratio. A man examined the ratio of mineral (shell) and protein (interior and gills) parts of the studied waste experimentally. The research aim was to determine the total chemical composition, amino acid composition of proteins, fatty acid composition of lipids and mineral composition of the combined waste. The authors revealed that the secondary raw materials under the experiment consisted of the protein by 13.37 ± 0.05 %, lipids by 2.68 ± 0.1 %, minerals by 8.33 ± 0.25 % and carbohydrate compounds by 4.22 ± 0.05 %. The experiment determined the essential amino acids sum in the protein part. Valine, leucine and cysteine are limiting. Fatty acids in lipids waste are represented by polyunsaturated fatty acids in significant amounts (42.11 %). Calcium and sodium are overwhelming macronutrients in the waste from the King crab cutting, while iron and zinc are dominating microelements. The research results indicate the high technological value of waste from King crab cutting and the potential of this secondary raw material as a basis for the production of biologically valuable protein and mineral products.


Author(s):  
Г.А. ОСИПОВА ◽  
Н.А. БЕРЕЗИНА ◽  
Т.В. СЕРЕГИНА ◽  
А.Е. ЖУГИНА

Цель настоящего исследования – повышение биологической ценности макаронных изделий путем использования белоксодержащих обогащающих добавок растительного и животного происхождения. Обогащающие добавки: мясные продукты – мясо кур (грудная часть тушки) и телятину I категории охлажденную; муку бобовых культур – соевую дезодорированную полуобезжиренную, гороховую и чечевичную; изоляты соевого, горохового и кукурузного белков – добавляли в макаронное тесто, приготовленное по традиционной технологии из муки пшеничной хлебопекарной высшего сорта (ГОСТ Р 52189–2003). Установлено, что для обогащения макаронных изделий рациональны дозировки добавок: мясных 15% от массы муки; гороховой и чечевичной муки и растительных изолятов 10% от массы смеси; соевой муки 7,5% от массы смеси. Выявлено положительное влияние вносимых в макаронное тесто обогащающих добавок на увеличение содержания белка в составе изделий на 1,59–8,19%, повышение сбалансированности аминокислотного состава белков, их биологической ценности на 6–16%, значений коэффициентов утилитарности аминокислотного состава на 0,2–0,26 дол. ед., перевариваемости белков под действием протеолитического фермента пепсина на 11–24%, степени удовлетворения суточной потребности в белке на 1,5–13,4% по сравнению с контрольным образцом без добавок. На макаронные изделия с обогащающими белоксодержащими добавками разработана и утверждена техническая документация – технические условия, технологические инструкции и рецептуры. The purpose of this study is to increase the biological value of pasta by using protein-containing enriching additives of plant and animal origin. Enriching additives: meat products-chicken meat (breast part of the carcass) and veal category I chilled; bean flour – soy deodorized semi-skimmed, pea and lentil; isolates of soy, pea and corn proteins – added to pasta dough prepared according to traditional technology from wheat flour bakery of the highest grade (GOST R 52189–2003). It has been established that the enrichment of pasta products of the rational will of a dosage of the additives: meat 15% by weight of flour; pea and lentil flour and vegetable isolates 10% by weight of the mixture; soya flour is 7,5% by weight of the mixture. The positive effect of the enriching additives introduced into the macaroni dough on the increase in the protein content in the products by 1,59–8,19%, the increase in the balance of the amino acid composition of proteins, their biological value by 6–16%, the values of the utilitarian coefficients of the amino acid composition by 0,2–0,26 units, the digestibility of proteins under the action of the proteolytic enzyme pepsin by 11–24%, the degree of satisfaction of the daily protein demand by 1,5–13,4% compared to the control sample without additives was revealed. Technical documentation – technical specifications, technological instructions and recipes has been developed and approved for pasta with protein-containing additives.


2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 54-65
Author(s):  
A.T. Vasyukova ◽  
◽  
D.A. Tikhonov ◽  
A.V. Moshkin ◽  
I.A. Bogonosova ◽  
...  

The article presents a comparative characteristic of the amino acid composition of the «ideal» protein and the developed formulation of combined products. The results of calculation of the amino acid score (AAS) of the essential amino acids in the novel protein product are given. AAS is within the range from 105 to 143%. The developed formulation of a combined product has an insignificantly limited amount of valine (98%). Based on AAS, the difference coefficients of the examined amino acids were calculated (from –0.2 to 4.36%) and the biological value of each of the components of the formulation was determined. The nonessential amino acid composition of the «ideal» protein, raw materials of vegetable and animal origin and products produced according to the developed formulation are considered. The formulation of the novel combined product has been characterised as a full and balanced amino acid composition, suitable for nutrition, containing all the amino acids necessary for protein synthesis. The maximum AAS has been noted in steamed meatballs with beef, mutton and cabbage, which by 7.61% exceeds the AAS of steamed meatballs with beef and mutton and by 9.38% – the AAS of steamed meatballs with beef. The examined product has a high biological value – from 95 to 99%. The developed mathematical model is applicable to specification of the formulation under more specific conditions, for instance, for a particular age category. The novelty of the model consists in its priority with respect to the organoleptic properties and consumer preferences of the developed formulation. Key words: combined products, simplex method, amino acid score, formulation composition, protein


Author(s):  
S. Anand Kumar

Wild boar meat has well balanced with nutrients and comprised with unique sensory attributes and meat quality parameters, however, limited information and studies have been performed on nutritional quality and meat quality parameters. The proximate composition of wild boar meat, mainly protein and fat contents were ranged at 21.6- 24.11% and 2.27-2.62% respectively. The composition of fatty acids in wild boar has obtained higher values for unsaturated fatty acids particularly mono unsaturated fatty acids; nonetheless, investigation on availability of essential amino acids was scarce. Wild boar meat was darker colour, less tender and pH ranged at 5.44-5.71. Further, sophisticated studies will promote the consumption rate of wild boar meat among consumers that ultimately provide an opportunity to industries to enhance their production.


Author(s):  
Л.Г. ЕЛИСЕЕВА ◽  
Е.В. ЖИРКОВА ◽  
Д.С. КОКОРИНА

Исследовано влияние муки киноа торговых марок (ТМ) «Ярмарка» (Россия), «Мистраль» (Россия) и «Bohlsener & Muehle» (Германия), представленных на российском рынке, на химический состав, показатели качества и биологическую ценность формового хлеба из пшеничной муки. Муку киноа указанных ТМ вносили при замесе теста в количестве 10 и 20% взамен пшеничной муки. При внесении муки киноа происходило незначительное уменьшение объемного выхода хлеба: с 485 см3 в контрольном образце до 420 см3 в опытных. Образцы хлеба с внесением 20% муки киноа разных ТМ имели приятный легкий ореховый аромат. Установлено, что внесение 10–20% муки киноа не оказало отрицательного влияния на качество хлебобулочных изделий. Однако в образце хлеба с добавкой муки киноа содержалось белков на 2,1, пищевых волокон на 1,4 и жира на 0,3 г/100 г больше по сравнению с контрольным образцом – хлебом из пшеничной муки без добавок. Образец хлеба с добавкой 20% муки киноа ТМ «Ярмарка» превосходил образец хлеба из пшеничной муки без добавок по общему количеству аминокислот на 55%, в том числе по содержанию заменимых аминокислот – на 71,5%, незаменимых – почти на 20%, а содержание жира в хлебе повысилось с 0,9 до 3,2%. Доказано, что хлеб с добавкой муки киноа в количестве 20% взамен хлебопекарной пшеничной муки по своим органолептическим показателям качества не уступает хлебу, приготовленному по традиционной рецептуре, а по пищевой и биологической ценности превосходит его. The influence of flour quinoa brands «Yarmarka» (Russia), «Mistral» (Russia) and «Bohlsener & Muehle» (Germany), presented on the Russian market, on chemical composition, the quality indicators and biological value of bread from wheat flour studied. The quinoa flour of these brands was introduced when mixing the dough at 10 and 20% instead of wheat flour. With the introduction of quinoa flour, a slight decrease in the volume of bread occurred: from 485 cm3in the control sample to 420 cm3in the experimental. Samples of bread with the introduction of 20% flour quinoa different brands had a pleasant light nutty flavor. It is established that the introduction of 10–20% quinoa flour did not have a negative impact on the quality of bakery products. However, the sample of bread with the addition of quinoa flour contained of proteins on 2,1, of dietary fiber on 1,4 and fat on 0,3 g/100 g more than the control sample – bread from wheat flour without additives. The sample of bread with the addition of 20% of quinoa flour of the brand «Yarmarka» was superior to the sample of bread from wheat flour with no additives in the total number of amino acids on 55%, including the content of essential amino acids – on 71,5%, essential – almost by 20% and the fat content of bread increased from 0,9 to 3,2%. It is proved that bread with the addition of quinoa flour in the amount of 20% instead of baking wheat flour in its organoleptic quality indicators is not inferior to bread prepared according to the traditional recipe, and in food and biological value exceeds it.


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