scholarly journals The General Characteristics of Extremism and Analysis of the Current State of the Fight Against Extremist Crimes

Legal Concept ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 13-20
Author(s):  
Svyatoslav Biryukov ◽  
Mikhail Bobovkin ◽  
Mikhail Shmatov
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Law Students ◽  
Teaching Staff ◽  
General Description ◽  
Public Response ◽  
The Public ◽  
Current State ◽  
Quality Of Protection ◽  
Natural Tendency ◽  
The One

Introduction: the Constitution of the Russian Federation and other Federal laws in this country guarantee the protection of the population against crimes, including criminal attacks of extremist orientation. However, recently there has been a steady trend towards an increase in the number of committed crimes of extremist orientation, which determines the need to improve the quality of protection of individual rights, and along with them, the constitutional framework of the state, since demonstratively committed extremist crimes cause a great public response and contribute to the undermining of state power. The crime statistics show a significant increase in the number of extremist crimes; there is a natural tendency to spread the ideas of extremism among the population. Unfortunately, only some of the extremist crimes are counted as such in the official statistics. The crimes of this category are often registered without taking into account the qualifying feature – the motive of national, racial, religious hatred or enmity, and, as a result, are not considered in the group of crimes of extremism. Another reason for not fully accounting for these crimes is their latency: not all victims of such criminal actions declare this for various objective and subjective reasons. The public danger of crimes of the group in question is due, on the one hand, as usual, to their group character, and on the other hand, such illegal actions incite interethnic and other hatred, which is very harmful in the context of the efforts being made to build a civil society. Currently, the legislative bodies do not clearly pay enough attention to the organization of counteraction to extremism as an anti-social phenomenon. For example, over the past ten years, the problems of countering extremism have been resolved through the adoption of only four normative legal acts of a national nature. In this regard, the authors aim to give a general description of such a phenomenon as extremism and the state of the fight against such crimes. Methods: the methodological framework for this research is a set of methods of scientific knowledge, among which the main ones are the methods of information processing and logical analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction and generalization. Results: the authors’ content of the general characteristics of extremism and analysis of the current state of the fight against crimes of extremist orientation actualizes the problem of the need to improve the state of the theoretical base, prepare recommendations based on it, which would contribute to improving the efficiency of the state authorized bodies in the fight against various manifestations of extremism, and primarily in order to solve and investigate crimes of extremist orientation. Conclusions: the study has given the general characteristics of extremism and the analysis of the current state of the fight against extremist crimes in order to inform law students, and the teaching staff of law schools and practitioners to better understand the characteristics and dangers of this phenomenon.

scholarly journals “A certain expansion of cooperation is planned”: A view of the Yugoslav diplomacy on Yugoslav-Soviet literary exchange. 1961–1964

2021 ◽  
pp. 127-146
Author(s):  
Dušica Stojanović
Keyword(s):  
State Policy ◽  
The State ◽  
The Other ◽  
Previous Period ◽  
The Public ◽  
Current State ◽  
Political Relations ◽  
Cultural Contradictions ◽  
The One ◽  
Public Demonstration

Relations between Yugoslavia and the USSR in 1961–1964 differed for the better in comparison with the previous period. Intensive cooperation in the field of culture and literature characterized those years. The article traces the activities of Yugoslav diplomats in maintaining literary ties between Yugoslavia and the USSR. Yugoslav diplomats, in negotiations with their Soviet colleagues, publishers and editors of magazines, presented their country’s literature as a reflection of the current state policy of Yugoslavia. According to the reports of the embassy, Soviet partners were unofficially recommended to publish contemporary Yugoslav works. By encouraging Soviet publishers to negotiate directly with Yugoslav writers and their union, which was more competent in matters of literature, the embassy tried to present the matter as if the state in Yugoslavia did not interfere in the activities of independent creative associations. An exhibition of Yugoslav books, including political ones, organized in the USSR, was supposed to present the Yugoslav path to socialism. The mutual trips of the writers demonstrated the closeness and friendship of the two countries. The Yugoslav diplomats were faced with the task of maintaining positive relations between Belgrade and Moscow through interaction with Soviet partners, on the one hand, and with Yugoslav publishers and the Writers’ Union, on the other. It was necessary to prevent cultural contradictions that could darken bilateral political relations. This instrumentalization of culture, reflected in diplomatic reports, demonstrates that despite the public demonstration of the differences between Yugoslavia and the USSR, in practice, both states had a similar approach to culture policies.

scholarly journals INDICATIVE APPROACH IN THE EVALUATION OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE CONSTITUTIONAL RIGHT TO JUDICIAL PROTECTION IN THE STATE LANGUAGES OF THE RF SUBJECTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Damir Kh. Valeev ◽  
Anas G. Nuriev ◽  
Rafael V. Shakirjanov
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
The State ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Current State ◽  
Hand Signal ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Civil Cases ◽  
Constitutional Right ◽  
The One ◽  
Judicial Protection

The implementation of the constitutional right to judicial protection is an important guarantee for participants in legal relations in case of violation of the rights of one of the parties or a threat of violation of the rights of participants in legal relations. Judicial protection is of particular relevance for the participants in legal relations, who do not speak the languages in which the administration of justice is carried out. Within the framework of this article, the authors analyze indicators that are designed to, on the one hand, signal on the current state and existing possibilities of implementing the constitutional right to judicial protection in the state languages of the subject of the Russian Federation (statistical function), and, on the other hand, determine growth drivers that can provide language guarantees for the territory of our state, which is defined as a democratic federal legal state according to Art. 1 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation. Within the framework of this article, three indicators are highlighted and analyzed: 1) existing legal potential for the implementation of the constitutional right to judicial protection in civil cases in the state languages of the republics within the Russian Federation; 2) analysis of the practical implementation of the opportunities currently available for the implementation of the constitutional right to judicial protection in civil cases in the state languages of the republics within the Russian Federation; 3) determination of growth points in the implementation of the constitutional right to judicial protection in civil cases in the state languages of the republics within the Russian Federation

scholarly journals Civil Sector of State Governance: New Forms of Self-Organization and the Community’s Participation in the Context of Digitization of the Public Space

2021 ◽  
pp. 67-75
Author(s):  
Aleksandr Solov'ev ◽  
Galina Pushkareva
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Public Space ◽  
The State ◽  
Self Organization ◽  
The Public ◽  
State Management ◽  
State Governance ◽  
The Government ◽  
The One ◽  
Civil Sector

As digital technologies develop, a new form of relations between the state and the public is developing as well. Additional opportunities for the expression of public interests and the establishment of values preferred by the society arise, new mechanisms of political mobilization develop, new forms of public organization and self-organization emerge, the social media gain more power, and local and general public narrative develop on a number of online platforms. With the digitization of the public space, the state is forced to change its communication strategies and improve the dialogue between the government and the society based on deliberative democracy principles. After analysing the architecture of public communication emerging in new conditions the paper concludes that Russia is making certain efforts to adapt for the new digitized reality. However, current state priorities are shifting towards e-government and the digital economy. On the one hand, it seems justified, as it allows to bring the public services to a completely new level, reduce corruption risks, and simplify state management of economic processes. On the other hand, the lack of due attention to the issues of openness of public administration and involvement of citizens in making public decisions results in accumulation of contradictions in the public area of public administration, as well as increasing mutual misunderstanding and distrust between the state bodies and the civil society, which may entail bursts of social discontent and protests.

scholarly journals 4. American Retrospect

1891 ◽  
Vol 37 (156) ◽  
pp. 183-186
Author(s):  
Fletcher Beach
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Systems Of Care ◽  
New York State ◽  
Lunatic Asylum ◽  
The State ◽  
Chronic Patients ◽  
State Institutions ◽  
The Public ◽  
Practical Operation ◽  
The One

The asylums of the State are divided into the public, the quasi-public, and the private. Exclusive of idiots and feeble-minded women, the number of insane under custody on the 1st of October, 1889, was 15,507. The Commission consists of three members, a physician, a barrister, and “a citizen of reputable character.” The medical and legal commissioners are required to make 132 visits each year; the medical commissioner is expected to make 22; and the whole Commission, or a majority thereof, have to make 106, being a total of 260 visits to the various State institutions during the year. Literal compliance with the requirements of the Act of 1889 is physically impossible, and the Commissioners detail certain arrangements which will facilitate the performance of their duties. The systems of accounts and statistics in vogue at the several State asylums show a lack of uniformity, and the Commission believes that these systems can be unified; to this end they have suggested a conference of asylum managers and superintendents with itself. The first effort towards intervention by the State in the case of the insane was made by Governor Throop, in January, 1830, but it was not until January 16th, 1843, that the New York State Lunatic Asylum was opened. In the course of a few years the asylum was filled, and it became necessary to send back to the poorhouses those patients who had received what was supposed to be the limit of beneficial treatment. Their treatment in these poorhouses was so bad that the Legislature passed what is known as the “Willard Asylum Act,” which provided for a State Asylum for the chronic insane. The Willard. Asylum was opened on October 13th, 1869, but soon became overcrowded. At this time the debt incurred by the State in aiding the prosecution of the civil war was most grievously felt, and in 1871 the Legislature passed an Act, by which counties might, upon showing that they had made proper provisions, care for their chronic patients. On October 1st, 1889, there were 5,371 patients in the county poorhouses and State asylums for the chronic insane. The Commission inquired into the two systems of care and treatment—the one conducted by the States and the other by the counties—and found that the latter did not provide the facilities which one would expect to find in every well-managed custodial institution or in any ordinary hospital. Some illustrations of evils inherent in the system of county care of insane patients in county alms-houses arc related, and the Commission concludes that the system “in practical operation has been found to have failed and fallen short of the hope entertained for it when the Act of 1871, sanctioning its trial, was passed.” The Commission makes many recommendations, of which the most important are: (1) that all of the insane in the county poorhouses in all the counties of the State, except New York and Kings, be transferred at the earliest possible date to State asylums; (2) that all laws having for their object the division of the insane into the so-called classes “acute” and “chronic” be repealed, and that all the insane be treated solely with reference to their curability; and (3) that an asylum be provided for the helpless and unteachable idiots.

scholarly journals Modernization of Economy in Russia: Features and Mechanisms of Implementation (Based on National Projects)

2020 ◽  
pp. 6-14
Author(s):  
Anna Sapozhnikova ◽  
Evgeny Gaishun
Keyword(s):  
Developed Countries ◽  
The State ◽  
The Public ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
Current State ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
System Method ◽  
State Participation ◽  
Modernization Process

The formation of the spectrum of global economic and political challenges for Russia is a factor in returning the issues of economic modernization to the public administration agenda, taking into account the current state and development trends of the country’s economy as a whole and its regions. As a research tool, the system method and the method of statistical observations are used. In Russia, the role of the state in regulating economic processes and its predominance in the structure of Russian economy remains significant. All this makes it necessary to consider the participation of the state in the process of modernization transformations. The article discusses the historical experience of modernization in developed countries with significant state participation, as well as modern Russian goals of state participation in economy, the role of the relevant policy in achieving the goals of modernization (on the example of the “May Decree” of the President of the Russian Federation of May 7, 2018), its contingency with the practices and role of big business as an integral part of the modernization process. The paper suggests ways to optimize public policy in the direction of modernization, taking into account the priorities formulated for the management system.

scholarly journals STRATEGIC ISSUES OF PUBLIC GOVERNANCE IN SPORTS DEVELOPMENT IN UKRAINE

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-83
Author(s):  
Volodymyr Prikhodko ◽  
Oleksandr Tomenko ◽  
Serhii Matrosov ◽  
Svitlana Chernihivska
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
The State ◽  
Public Institutions ◽  
Legislative Organization ◽  
Public Governance ◽  
Development Indicators ◽  
Strategic Issues ◽  
The Public ◽  
Current State ◽  
Negative Factor

Introduction. Commitments adopted by the Verkhovna Rada and the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine have little influence on the development of sport for all and Olympic sports for higher achievements. The post is devoted to the results of studying the content of legislative and regulatory acts governing the development of sports in Ukraine. The reason for the extremely unsatisfactory implementation of the adopted legislative and regulatory acts is in the unwillingness of public institutions to make major efforts to ensure the real growth of sports development indicators. Aim of the study is to identify the existing issues of public administration, which cause insufficient rates of improvement of the state of sport for all and Olympic sports of higher achievements, to prevent these problems in the future. Material and methods: literature analysis, analysis of documents, synthesis, abstraction. The research was conducted during april-august 2020. Results. The analysis shows that the adopted legislative and regulatory acts do not contribute to the development of the sphere. This is due to the fact that a large part of their content is marked by the declarative nature and lack of established standards which does not allow to control their implementation. Such a negative factor will affect the activities of the public administration which will be in charge of taking care of the development of the sport. Conclusion. The current state of governance in the field of sports is critical and is not conducive to making positive changes in this important humanitarian field. We will have to create more sophisticated legislative organization and financial tools for improvement of the state of sports.

scholarly journals Good governance and transparency

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 343-353
Author(s):  
Laura Vilone ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
The State ◽  
The Other ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Action ◽  
Special Place ◽  
The One

The notion of “good governance” implies the special place given to the State. Such a model is defined by the effectiveness of certain guarantees such as the independence of the judiciary, the correct and fair management of expenditure but also administrative transparency. Indeed, the latter depends on the sincerity of those involved in public action, on the one hand, and the constant dialogue between the public authorities and the public, on the other hand. The purpose of this intervention is to demonstrate that the realisation of the model of “good governance” is based, above all, on the existence of an administration that fully understands the requirements of administrative transparency. The two pillars of “good governance” would thus be the foundations of the principle of transparency: communication with citizens and their participation in the process of the decision-making process.

scholarly journals CURRENT STATE OF TRANSPARENCY OF PUBLIC FINANCES OF UKRAINE

2020 ◽  
pp. 182-190
Author(s):  
I. Shkolnyk ◽  
O. Miroshnichenko ◽  
Yu. Havrysh ◽  
A. Ivanchenko
Keyword(s):  
Public Participation ◽  
The State ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
Budget Process ◽  
Positive Trend ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Public Finances ◽  
The Public ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Government

Transparency in public finances is one of the main features of a mature democratic society, as well as one of the main tools for reducing corruption in the country. The level of transparency in the formation and use of budget funds at the state and local levels affects the effectiveness of financial policy in the country. Therefore, the purpose of the study is to determine the current state of transparency in the formation of the state budget of Ukraine. The article conducted a comprehensive study of the level of transparency of public finances at the macro level. The dynamics of changes in the qualitative level of transparency of legislative and executive bodies during the period of Ukraine's participation in the international organization of monitoring the publicity of the government before the public is analyzed. In particular, the authors analyzed the dynamics of the budget openness index in comparison with other countries and the integrated assessment of budget transparency for the period from 2008 to 2019. In addition, the level of public participation in budget formation at different stages of the budget process was studied. There is a positive trend of improving the level of openness of public authorities in Ukraine in the formation and use of public finances. This, in turn, is part of a global trend. The article presents a description of the main documents that serve as indicators of informing the public about the state of the budget, the level of its implementation, the formation of the budget for future periods and the budget process in general. It is determined that the system of transparent and accessible public accountability for the formation and use of public finances has not been formed yet. The results of the study can be the basis for developing measures to increase the level of transparency of public authorities in Ukraine. According to the study, a high level of transparency becomes the basis for public support for the government, provided that the government does not abuse its powers, or conversely becomes an incentive for active public participation in political and economic life to improve or change government. According to the results of the research, a system of measures of priority importance is proposed.

scholarly journals Kompetenciafejlesztés a közigazgatásban

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 95-100
Author(s):  
Emese Belényesi
Keyword(s):  
Human Resources ◽  
Public Service ◽  
Further Education ◽  
The State ◽  
Basic Requirement ◽  
The Public ◽  
Training Systems ◽  
State Administration ◽  
The One

Because of the characteristics of state administration, the qualifying processes for the public service are necessarily complex. The state administrative activity is not based on a well-definable profession but on a number of different professions, and it is nevertheless an activity in possession of state power on the one hand and it is public service on the other. A basic requirement towards all civil servants is that they correspond to this twofold role of state authority and public service and consequently they have to learn and apply in practice the skills and procedures. The development of human resources in the state administration field can be achieved by a moduled further education system that runs constantly along the civil servant's career. Relating ideas such as alterations in in-training systems, its aims, its thematization and application and the future possibilities and direction of development are also dealt with in the study.

scholarly journals A Ciceronian Defense of Democratic Participation

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (47) ◽  
pp. 103-129
Author(s):  
Xinzhi Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Common Property ◽  
The State ◽  
Democratic Participation ◽  
Common People ◽  
Civil Unrest ◽  
The Public ◽  
State Legitimacy ◽  
The People ◽  
De Legibus ◽  
The One

Opposing the usual elitist presentation of Cicero, I identify three arguments favoring democratic participation in De re publica and De legibus. The first sees democratic participation as a demand of the common people, which results from their untamable desire for freedom and must be fulfilled to avoid civil unrest. The second sees it as an instrument to lessen the likelihood of elites’ corruption. The third incorporates the previous two under an account of state legitimacy, arguing that democratic participation is just because without it, the civic community under a state’s rule cannot be a partnership and hence the state cannot be a legitimate one as a common property of the people. I argue that this account of state legitimacy differs from the one in Pettit’s republicanism and may help clarify the normative commitment to the public nature of the state that underlies the current “realist” and “instrumental” defenses of democracy.

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