scholarly journals The Relationship between Isokinetic Trunk, Leg Strength and Isometric Mid-Thigh Pull Test, Counter Movement Jump in National Rowing Athletes

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 34-42
Author(s):  
Jong Baek Lee ◽  
Young Kyun Kim
Keyword(s):  
Female Athletes ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Maximum Height ◽  
Isokinetic Strength ◽  
Trunk Flexion ◽  
Pull Test ◽  
Leg Strength ◽  
Counter Movement Jump ◽  
Strengthening Exercise ◽  
The Relationship

OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between isokinetic leg strength and maximum Isometric Med-Thigh Pull Test(IMTP) and maximum height of Counter Movement Jump (CMJ) in Korean national rowers.METHODS Each eight male and female athletes were participated in the study. Isometric IMTP, CMJ, and isokinetic trunk, hip, and knee strength were measured to analyze the relationship between the IMTP, CMJ and isokinetic strength. The correlation between variables was analyzed by the step-wise method of multiple regression analysis after analyzing the correlation between dependent and independent variables.RESULTS Knee, Hip and trunk isokinetic flexion and extension strength showed high correlation with maximum IMTP with the all participants. Knee extension and trunk flexion isokinetic strength showed higher correlation with IMTP. Knee extension isokinetic strength showed high correlation with CMJ.CONCLUSIONS For strengthening exercise of National rowers, ipsilateral strength balance and agonistantagonist strength balance of leg and trunk should be considered to improve performance efficiently.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Dynamic Balance Ability and Low Limb Isokinetic Muscle Function of Elite Judo Athletes

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-29
Author(s):  
Jong Baek Lee ◽  
Young Kyun Kim
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Isokinetic Strength ◽  
Trunk Flexion ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Balance Ability ◽  
Judo Athletes ◽  
The Relationship

OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between lower extremity isokinetic muscle strength and dynamic balance ability of elite judo athletes and improve the efficient dynamic balance ability of athletes.METHODS A total of 26 male and female judo national candidates (13 males and 13 females) were participated. Isokinetic strength and dynamic balance in three consecutive areas of the lower limbs (knee, hip, waist) were measured. Multiple regression analysis step selection method was used to analyze the correlation between isokinetic strength measurement variables and dynamic balance ability. In addition, the results were analyzed by dividing the difference of fitness variables between male and female athletes and male and female athlete groups.RESULTS The male athlete group showed higher muscle strength in all areas of isokinetic strength (p <.01). Stability was statistically significantly higher (p <.05). There was interrelationship between the lower extremity isokinetic strength and the dynamic balance of the lower extremities in male and female athletes. The trunk flexion showed the highest correlation with the dynamic balance in the male athletes, and trunk flexion and hip extension in female athletes.CONCLUSIONS The trunk muscle strength showed the highest correlation with the dynamic balance ability in male and female athletes.

Effects of Hydraulic Resistance Strength Training on Isokinetic Measures of Leg Strength in Men with Mental Retardation

1995 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 377-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rory Suomi ◽  
Paul R. Surburg ◽  
Peter Lecius
Keyword(s):  
Mental Retardation ◽  
Hydraulic Resistance ◽  
Peak Torque ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
The Other ◽  
Isokinetic Strength ◽  
Total Work ◽  
Trained Subjects ◽  
Leg Strength ◽  
Hip Abduction

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of hydraulic resistance (HR) training on total work and peak torque measures of isokinetic strength for tests of knee extension and hip abduction on men with mental retardation (MR). The subjects, 22 men with mild to moderate MR, were randomly assigned to two groups; 11 subjects trained three times a week for 12 weeks using HR exercise machines, while the other 11 served as controls. Prior to and after the 12 weeks of training, all subjects were assessed on isokinetic tests of knee extension at 60 deg/s and hip abduction at 30 deg/s. The strength trained subjects exhibited significant increases in total work scores on knee extension and hip abduction tests for both legs ranging from 25.0 to 177.1%. Significant increases ranging from 50.1 to 82.7% were also noted on two of the four peak torque measures. The control subjects did not exhibit significant changes in total work or peak torque scores on either muscle test between test sessions.

The Relationship Between Hamstring Muscle Extensibility and Spinal Postures Varies with the Degree of Knee Extension

2013 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 678-686 ◽  
Author(s):  
José M. Muyor ◽  
Pedro A. López-Miñarro ◽  
Fernando Alacid
Keyword(s):  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Thoracic Spine ◽  
Pelvic Tilt ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Hamstring Muscle ◽  
Trunk Flexion ◽  
Spinal Curvatures ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
Thoracic And Lumbar Spine ◽  
The Relationship

The aim was to determine the relationship between hamstring muscle extensibility and sagittal spinal curvatures and pelvic tilt in cyclists while adopting several postures. A total of 75 male cyclists were recruited for this study (34.79 ± 9.46 years). Thoracic and lumbar spine and pelvic tilt were randomly measured using a Spinal Mouse. Hamstring muscle extensibility was determined in both legs by a passive knee extension test. Low relationships were found between hamstring muscle extensibility and spinal parameters (thoracic and lumbar curvature, and pelvic tilt) in standing, slumped sitting, and on the bicycle (r= .19;P> .05). Significant but low relationships were found in maximal trunk flexion with knees flexed (r= .29;P< .05). In addition, in the sit-and-reach test, low and statistically significant relationships were found between hamstring muscle extensibility for thoracic spine (r= –.23;P= .01) and (r= .37;P= .001) for pelvic tilt. In conclusion, hamstring muscle extensibility has a significant relationship in maximal trunk flexion postures with knees flexed and extended, but there are no relationships while standing or on the bicycle postures.

The Relationship between Lower Extremity Isokinetic Work and Single-Leg Functional Hop-Work Test

2006 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert English ◽  
Mary Brannock ◽  
Wan Ting Chik ◽  
Laura S. Eastwood ◽  
Tim Uhl
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Study Design ◽  
Peak Torque ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Isokinetic Strength ◽  
Total Work ◽  
Lower Extremity Strength ◽  
The Relationship

Context:Lower extremity functional testing assesses strength, power, and neuro-muscular control. There are only moderate correlations between distance hopped and isokinetic strength measures.Objective:Determine if incorporating body weight in the single-leg hop for distance increases the correlation to isokinetic measures.Study Design:Correlational study.Setting:Musculoskeletal laboratory.Participants:30 healthy college students; 15 men and 15 women; ages 18 to 30 years.Main Outcome Measures:Isokinetic average peak torque and total work of quadriceps and hamstrings and single-leg hop work and distance.Results:Significant correlations include hop work to total-work knee extension (r= .89), average peak-torque knee extension (r= .88), distance hopped to total-work knee extension (r= .56) and average peak-torque knee extension (r= .63). Correlations involving hop work were greater than distance hopped (P< .05).Conclusions:Use of body weight in the assessment of distance hopped provides better information about the patient’s lower extremity strength and ability than the distance hopped alone.

scholarly journals Gender Differences in Kinematic Analysis of the Lower Limbs during the Chasse Step in Table Tennis Athletes

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 703
Author(s):  
Xiaoyi Yang ◽  
Yuqi He ◽  
Shirui Shao ◽  
Julien S. Baker ◽  
Bíró István ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Female Athletes ◽  
External Rotation ◽  
Rotational Velocity ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Table Tennis ◽  
Male Athletes ◽  
Analysis System ◽  
Hip Flexion ◽  
Hip Internal Rotation

The chasse step is one of the most important footwork maneuvers used in table tennis. The purpose of this study was to investigate the lower limb kinematic differences of table tennis athletes of different genders when using the chasse step. The 3D VICON motion analysis system was used to capture related kinematics data. The main finding of this study was that the step times for male athletes (MA) were shorter in the backward phase (BP) and significantly longer in the forward phase (FP) than for female athletes (FA) during the chasse step. Compared with FA, knee external rotation for MA was larger during the BP. MA showed a smaller knee flexion range of motion (ROM) in the BP and larger knee extension ROM in the FP. Moreover, hip flexion and adduction for MA were significantly greater than for FA. In the FP, the internal rotational velocity of the hip joint was significantly greater. MA showed larger hip internal rotation ROM in the FP but smaller hip external rotation ROM in the BP. The differences between genders can help coaches personalize their training programs and improve the performance of both male and female table tennis athletes.

785 Reported Restful Sleep Predicting Emotional Distress: Does Exercise (and its modalities) moderate?

SLEEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. A305-A306
Author(s):  
Jesse Moore ◽  
Ellita Williams ◽  
Collin Popp ◽  
Anthony Briggs ◽  
Judite Blanc ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
The Past ◽  
Strengthening Exercise ◽  
Waking Up ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Age And Sex

Abstract Introduction Literature shows that exercise moderates the relationship between sleep and emotional distress (ED.) However, it is unclear whether different types of exercise, such as aerobic and strengthening, affect this relationship differently. We investigated the moderating role of two types of exercise (aerobic and strengthening) regarding the relationship between ED and sleep. Methods Our analysis was based on data from 2018 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS), a nationally representative study in which 2,814 participants provided all data. Participants were asked 1) “how many days they woke up feeling rested over the past week”, 2) the Kessler 6 scale to determine ED (a score &gt;13 indicates ED), and 3) the average frequency of strengthening or aerobic exercise per week. Logistic regression analyses were performed to determine if the reported days of waking up rested predicted level of ED. We then investigated whether strengthening or aerobic exercise differentially moderated this relationship. Covariates such as age and sex were adjusted in the logistic regression models. Logistic regression analyses were performed to determine if subjective reporting of restful sleep predicted level of ED. We investigated whether strengthening exercise or aerobic exercise differentially moderated this relationship. Covariates such as age and sex were adjusted in the logistic regression models. Results On average, participants reported 4.41 restful nights of sleep (SD =2.41), 3.43 strengthening activities (SD = 3.19,) and 8.47 aerobic activities a week (SD=5.91.) We found a significant association between days over the past week reporting waking up feeling rested and ED outcome according to K6, Χ2(1) = -741, p= &lt;.001. The odds ratio signified a decrease of 52% in ED scores for each unit of restful sleep (OR = .48, (95% CI = .33, .65) p=&lt;.001.) In the logistic regression model with moderation, aerobic exercise had a significant moderation effect, Χ2(1) = .03, p=.04, but strengthening exercise did not. Conclusion We found that restful sleep predicted reduction in ED scores. Aerobic exercise moderated this relationship, while strengthening exercise did not. Further research should investigate the longitudinal effects of exercise type on the relationship between restful sleep and ED. Support (if any) NIH (K07AG052685, R01MD007716, K01HL135452, R01HL152453)

Correlation of paretic knee extension strength with gait speed after stroke: A meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Richard W. Bohannon
Keyword(s):  
Gait Speed ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Bibliographic Databases ◽  
Knee Extension Strength ◽  
Extension Force ◽  
Correlational Data ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Relationship

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Numerous studies have addressed the relationship between paretic knee extension strength and comfortable walking speed after stroke. However, the correlations reported are highly variable. This review sought to summarize the correlational data using meta-analysis. METHODS: Relevant literature was identified via a search of 3 bibliographic databases. Articles were screened and perused for inclusion. Included articles were examined for information on the sample studied, procedures for measuring strength and gait speed, and correlations reported between the 2 variables. Meta-analysis was used to calculate a summary correlation. RESULTS: Of 299 unique articles, 18 met inclusion criteria. Articles were diverse in regard to samples studied, procedures described, and correlations reported. Meta-analysis using data from all included studies revealed a summary correlation of 0.51. For studies using hand-held or isokinetic dynamometry, the summary correlation was 0.46 and 0.59 respectively. CONCLUSIONS: This study provides a better indication of the correlation between paretic knee extension strength and comfortable gait speed than individual studies. The correlation is high enough to provide support for the routine measurement of paretic knee extension force for individuals who have experienced a stroke.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Scapular Upward Rotation and Shoulder Internal and External Rotation Isokinetic Strength in Professional Baseball Pitchers

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 759
Author(s):  
Byung Gon Kim ◽  
Seung Kil Lim ◽  
Sunga Kong
Keyword(s):  
External Rotation ◽  
Professional Baseball ◽  
Isokinetic Strength ◽  
Strength Ratio ◽  
Shoulder Injury ◽  
Isokinetic Dynamometer ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
History Of ◽  
Baseball Pitchers ◽  
The Relationship

This study aims to assess the relationship between scapular upward rotation (SUR) across varying humeral-elevation angles (HEAs) and shoulder isokinetic strength and ratio in professional baseball pitchers. The subjects were professional baseball pitchers (n = 16) without a history of shoulder injury in the last six months. The subject’s SUR angles were measured with the humerus elevated at HEAs of 0° (at rest), 60°, 90°, and 120° to the scapular plane. Shoulder isokinetic strength was evaluated for shoulder internal rotation (IR) and external rotation (ER) strength (PT%BW and TW%BW), and the ER/IR strength ratios were determined at 60, 120 and 180°/s using an isokinetic dynamometer. The SUR angle at an HEA of 0° was positively correlated with IR strength at 120°/s (r = 0.535) and 180°/s (r = 0.522). The SUR angle at an HEA of 60° was negatively correlated with the ER/IR strength ratios at 60°/s (r = −0.505) and 120°/s (r = −0.500). The SUR angle at an HEA of 90° was negatively correlated with the ER/IR strength ratios at 60°/s (r = −0.574; r = −0.554) and 120°/s (r = −0.521; r = −0.589) as well as with ER strength at 180°/s (r = −0.591, r = −0.556). The SUR angle at an HEA of 120° was negatively correlated with ER strength at 60°/s (r = −0.558), 120°/s (r = −0.504; r = −0.524), and 180°/s (r = −0.543) and the ER/IR strength ratio at 60°/s (r = −0.517). In this study, we found that the ratio of isokinetic strength between ER and IR became closer to the normal range on increasing the SUR angle. In particular, an HEA of 90°, which resembles the pitching motion, showed a clear relationship between SUR, shoulder ER, and the ratio of ER/IR isokinetic strength in professional baseball pitchers.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Dynamic Balance and Jumping Tests among Adolescent Amateur Rugby Players. A Preliminary Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 312
Author(s):  
Bartosz Wilczyński ◽  
Jakub Hinca ◽  
Daniel Ślęzak ◽  
Katarzyna Zorena
Keyword(s):  
Injury Risk ◽  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Balance Test ◽  
Risk Of Injury ◽  
Counter Movement Jump ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Rugby Players

Rugby is a demanding contact sport. In light of research, poor balance, reduced jumping ability, muscle strength, and incorrect landing patterns might contribute to the increased risk of injury in athletes. Investigating the relationship between tests assessing these abilities might not only allow for the skillful programming of preventive training but also helps in assessing the risk of injury to athletes. Thus, the main purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between dynamic balance, vertical and horizontal jumps, and jump-landings movement patterns. Thirty-one healthy amateur adolescent rugby players (age: 14.3 ± 1.6 years, height 171.4 ± 9.7 cm, body mass 80 ± 26 kg) participated in the study. Data were collected by the Y-balance Test (YBT), Counter Movement Jump (CMJ), Single Leg Hop for Distance (SLHD), and Landing Error Score System (LESS). Significant positive correlations were found between SLHD both legs (SLHDb) and YBT Composite both legs (COMb) (r = 0.51, p = 0.0037) and between SLHDb and CMJ (r = 0.72, p < 0.0001). A relationship was also observed between the CMJ and YBT COMb test (r = 0.51, p = 0.006). Moderate positive correlations were found between the dominant legs in SLHD and the posterolateral (r = 0.40, p = 0.027), posteromedial (r = 0.43, p = 0.014), and composite (r = 0.48, p = 0.006) directions of the YBT. These results indicate that variables that are dependent on each other can support in the assessment of injury-risk and in enhancing sports performance of young athletes.

scholarly journals SINGLE LEG SQUAT COMPENSATIONS ASSOCIATE WITH SOFTBALL PITCHING PATHOMECHANICS IN ADOLESCENT SOFTBALL PITCHERS

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7_suppl3) ◽  
pp. 2325967121S0006
Author(s):  
Gretchen D. Oliver ◽  
Kenzie B. Friesen ◽  
Regan E. Shaw ◽  
David Shannon ◽  
Jeffrey Dugas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Center Of Mass ◽  
Knee Valgus ◽  
Trunk Rotation ◽  
Lateral Flexion ◽  
Trunk Flexion ◽  
Backward Elimination ◽  
Potential Risk Factors ◽  
Single Leg Squat ◽  
Tracking Device ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Softball pitchers have an eminent propensity for injury due to the high repetition and ballistic nature of the pitch. As such, trunk pathomechanics during pitching have been associated with upper extremity pain. The single leg squat (SLS) is a simple diagnostic tool used to examine LPHC and trunk stability. Research shows a lack of LPHC stability is often associated with altered pitching mechanics consequently increasing pain and injury susceptibility. Hypothesis/Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between trunk compensatory kinematics during the SLS and kinematics during foot contact of the windmill pitch. The authors hypothesized there would be a relationship between SLS compensations and pitch kinematics previously associated with injury. In using a simple clinical assessment such as the SLS, athletes, coaches, parents, and clinicians can identify potential risk factors that may predispose the athlete to injurious movement patterns. Methods: Fifty-five youth and high school softball pitchers (12.6±2.2 years, 160.0±11.0 cm, 60.8±15.5 kg) were recruited to participate. Kinematic data were collected at 100Hz using an electromagnetic tracking device. Participants were asked to complete a SLS on their stride leg (contralateral to their throwing arm), then throw 3 fastballs at maximal effort. Values of trunk flexion, trunk lateral flexion, and trunk rotation at peak depth of the SLS were used as the dependent variables in three separate backward elimination regression analyses. Independent variables examined at foot contact of the pitch included: trunk flexion, trunk lateral flexion, trunk rotation, center of mass, stride length, and stride knee valgus. Results: The SLS trunk rotation regression, F(1,56) = 4.980, p = .030, revealed trunk flexion significantly predicted SLS trunk rotation (SE = .068, t = 2.232, p = .030) and explained approximately 7% of variance (Adj. R2 = .066). The SLS trunk flexion regression, F(1,56) = 5.755, p = .020, revealed stride knee valgus significantly predicted SLS trunk flexion (SE = .256, t = 2.399, p = .020) and explained approximately 8% of variance (Adj. R2 = .078). Conclusion/Significance: Additional trunk rotation and trunk flexion at peak depth of the SLS indicate increased knee valgus and trunk flexion at foot contact of the pitch, both of which suggest poor LPHC stability, may increase the potential for injury. Athletes, coaches and clinicians should acknowledge the risk of poor LPHC in softball pitching and implement exercises to improve LPHC stability in effort to decrease pitching pathomechanics and associated pain.

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