Fractionation of Methanolic Crude Extract of Root of Senna siamea Decreases Antimicrobial Activity

Abstract: The study were conducted at Dilla University, College of Natural Sciences, Biological Sciences laboratories. Background: Ethiopia is a country with many ethnic groups, cultures and beliefs which in turn have contributed to the high diversity of traditional health care knowledge and practices of traditional medicine from local growth plants, animals and minerals for various physical and mental disorders of human and livestock population that passed from generation to generation for centuries. Medicinal plants contributors to pharmaceutical, agricultural and food industries in the world. The use of medicinal plants in the industrialized societies has been traced to extraction and development of several drugs used in order to heel some diseases having inhibiting effect against pathogenic microorganism. Objective: The main objective of this study was Extraction and Phytochemicals determination of traditional medicinal plants for anti microbial susceptibility test. Methodology: The extraction and identification of some phytochemicals crude compound which used for antimicrobial susceptibility test from plant sample such as Ocimum lamiifolium (OL), Croton maerosth (Cm) and Ruta chalepesis (RC) were conducted. Plant samples are collected, powdered using mortal and pistil and extracted using ethanol and some susceptibility tests were performed to identify some phytochemicals compound. Result: The main result of Antimicrobial activity test showed that the crude extract of OL has the highest zone of inhibition. The highest yield of crude extract (38.21%) was obtained from Croton maerosth (CM) which followed by Ruta chalepesis (RC) (32.43%). However, the lowest yield (28.37%) was obtained from Oscpmum lamifolium (OL). Conclusion: Traditional Medicine is used by many people to managing numerous conditions; it’s accessible and effective on antimicrobial activity. Therefore, it plays a significant role by reducing life-threatening ailments of people and other animals.

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Isolation of a Novel Polyketide from Neodidymelliopsis sp.

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules26113235 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (11) ◽

pp. 3235

Author(s):

Melissa M. Cadelis ◽

Hugo Gordon ◽

Alex Grey ◽

Soeren Geese ◽

Daniel R. Mulholland ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Natural Products ◽

Ambient Temperature ◽

Crude Extract ◽

Structure Elucidation ◽

Fungal Pathogens ◽

Spectroscopic Techniques ◽

Bioactive Natural Products

Fungi have become an invaluable source of bioactive natural products, with more than 5 million species of fungi spanning the globe. Fractionation of crude extract of Neodidymelliopsis sp., led to the isolation of a novel polyketide, (2Z)-cillifuranone (1) and five previously reported natural products, (2E)-cillifuranone (2), taiwapyrone (3), xylariolide D (4), pachybasin (5), and N-(5-hydroxypentyl)acetamide (6). It was discovered that (2Z)-cillifuranone (1) was particularly sensitive to ambient temperature and light resulting in isomerisation to (2E)-cillifuranone (2). Structure elucidation of all the natural products were conducted by NMR spectroscopic techniques. The antimicrobial activity of 2, 3, and 5 were evaluated against a variety of bacterial and fungal pathogens. A sodium [1-13C] acetate labelling study was conducted on Neodidymelliopsis sp. and confirmed that pachybasin is biosynthesised through the acetate polyketide pathway.

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Studying the Optimum Conditions of ‎Hygromycin B Production and Detect their ‎Toxicity

Journal of University of Babylon for Pure and Applied Sciences ◽

10.29196/jub.v26i2.480 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 26 (2) ◽

pp. 119-130

Author(s):

Zahraa Abdulmunim ‎ ◽

Rabah N. Jabba ◽

Abdulwahid B. Al-Shaibani

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Aqueous Phase ◽

Crude Extract ◽

Incubation Temperature ◽

Salmonella Typhi ◽

Broth Culture ◽

Hygromycin B ◽

Yeast Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽

Diffusion Technique ◽

Mice Liver

Hygromycin B was extracted with ethyl acetate, which separates organic phase from aqueous phase in the broth culture filtrate, only the aqueous phase showed significant antimicrobial activity by using agar well diffusion technique. At a concentration of 25mg/ml (as crude extract), this phase excreted its activity against the test microorganisms which include; one G(+) bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus), five G(–) bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa , Proteus mirabilis, Escherichia coli , Klebsiella pneumoniae, Salmonella typhi) and one yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae). After detecting the aminoglycoside hygromycin B by the Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) method to ensure presence of the antibiotic, same flow rate (Rf) value (0.357) as that of the standard hygromycin B was obtained. Results of the optimization conditions showed that the highest antimicrobial activity of hygromycin B was obtained at a medium pH of 8 and incubation temperature of 35°C for 10 days. When the toxicity of hygromycin B crude extract under such conditions was examined on mice liver, a mild effects were appeared

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Polyketides from an Endophytic Aspergillus fumigatus Isolate Inhibit the Growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and MRSA

Natural Product Communications ◽

10.1177/1934578x1501001009 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 10 (10) ◽

pp. 1934578X1501001 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Andrew J. Flewelling ◽

Amanda L Bishop ◽

John A. Johnson ◽

Christopher A. Gray

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽

Aspergillus Fumigatus ◽

Crude Extract ◽

Antimycobacterial Activity ◽

Methicillin Resistant ◽

Bioassay Guided Fractionation ◽

Chaetoglobosin A

The crude extract of Aspergillus fumigatus isolate AF3-093A, an endophyte of the brown algaFucus vesiculosus, showed significant antimicrobial activity in initial bioactivity screens. Bioassay-guided fractionation of the extract led to the isolation of flavipin, chaetoglobosin A and chaetoglobosin B, all of which inhibited the growth of Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-resistant S. aureus and Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra. The antimycobacterial activity of these compounds has not been previously reported.

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Which Approach Is More Effective in the Selection of Plants with Antimicrobial Activity?

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2013/308980 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Ana Carolina Oliveira Silva ◽

Elidiane Fonseca Santana ◽

Antonio Marcos Saraiva ◽

Felipe Neves Coutinho ◽

Ricardo Henrique Acre Castro ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽

Crude Extract ◽

Inhibitory Concentration ◽

Antimicrobial Activities ◽

Semiarid Region ◽

Northeast Brazil ◽

Plant Drugs ◽

Selection Of

The development of the present study was based on selections using random, direct ethnopharmacological, and indirect ethnopharmacological approaches, aiming to evaluate which method is the best for bioprospecting new antimicrobial plant drugs. A crude extract of 53 species of herbaceous plants collected in the semiarid region of Northeast Brazil was tested against 11 microorganisms. Well-agar diffusion and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) techniques were used. Ten extracts from direct, six from random, and three from indirect ethnopharmacological selections exhibited activities that ranged from weak to very active against the organisms tested. The strain most susceptible to the evaluated extracts wasStaphylococcus aureus. The MIC analysis revealed the best result for the direct ethnopharmacological approach, considering that some species yielded extracts classified as active or moderately active (MICs between 250 and 1000 µg/mL). Furthermore, one species from this approach inhibited the growth of the threeCandidastrains. Thus, it was concluded that the direct ethnopharmacological approach is the most effective when selecting species for bioprospecting new plant drugs with antimicrobial activities.

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Phytochemical Profile and Evaluation of the Antimicrobial Activity of Echinodorus grandiflorus Crude Extract of the Leaves

Journal of Agricultural Studies ◽

10.5296/jas.v8i4.17339 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (4) ◽

pp. 176

Author(s):

Carla Indianara Bonetti ◽

Mariana Dalmagro ◽

Juliana Cristhina Friedrich ◽

Douglas Rossi Jesus ◽

Mariana Moraes Pinc ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Crude Extract ◽

Lactobacillus Casei ◽

Inhibitory Concentration ◽

Chemical Compounds ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Disk Diffusion Method ◽

Microbial Strains ◽

Cardioprotective Effects ◽

Phytochemical Profile

Echinodorus grandiflorus has pharmacological properties due to its secondary metabolism, such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, diuretic, analgesic, anti-rheumatic, antihypertensive, and cardioprotective effects. The aim of this study was to determine the phytochemical profile and evaluate the antimicrobial activity of crude extract of E. grandiflorus form its leaves. In the analysis of the phytochemical profile, qualitative tests were performed to identify tannins, alkaloids, flavonoids, anthraquinones, steroids, triterpenes, saponins, polysaccharides, and coumarins. Antimicrobial tests were performed using the disk diffusion method and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) in 96-well microplates, using hydroalcoholic crude extract obtained by maceration in the proportions 1:5 and 1:10. The higher content of crude extract was observed by maceration 1:5 (3.26%). In phytochemical tests, the presence of tannins, alkaloids, flavonoids, and saponins was detected. The microbial strains evaluated were Staphylococcus aureus, S. epidermidis, Lactobacillus casei, Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Candida albicans. The antimicrobial activity of crude extract has not apparent against the tested organisms. It is concluded that the crude extract present several phytochemical, however did not show antimicrobial activity, and furthermore studies should be carried out researching isolated chemical compounds and the antimicrobial activity leaves crude extract of Echinodorus grandiflorus plant.

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Phytochemical investigation and antimicrobial activity of crude extract of the roots of Ferula vesceritensis

Chemistry of Natural Compounds ◽

10.1007/s10600-012-0414-y ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 48 (5) ◽

pp. 891-892 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

A. Zellagui ◽

N. Gherraf ◽

M. E. F. Hegazy ◽

S. Akkal ◽

S. Rhouati ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Crude Extract ◽

Phytochemical Investigation

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Short Communication: Acute toxicity study of plantaricin from Lactobacillus plantarum S34 and its antibacterial activity

Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity ◽

10.13057/biodiv/d220128 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Arido Yugovelman Ahaddin ◽

Sri Budiarti ◽

Apon Zaenal Mustopa ◽

Huda S Darusman ◽

Lita Triratna

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Acute Toxicity ◽

Lactobacillus Plantarum ◽

Crude Extract ◽

Short Communication ◽

Histopathological Examination ◽

Blood Analysis ◽

Toxicity Study ◽

Acute Toxicity Study

Abstract. Ahaddin AY, Budiarti S, Mustopa AZ, Darusman HS, Triratna L. 2021. Short Communication: Acute toxicity study of plantaricin from Lactobacillus plantarum S34 and its antibacterial activity. Biodiversitas 22: 227-232. Lactobacillus plantarum S34 belongs to the Lactobacilli class produces a bacteriocin called plantaricin. Bacteriocins are well known as active compounds that inhibit bacterial growth. This study was conducted to determine the antimicrobial activity of plantaricin S34 and its safety profile in the ddY mouse animal models. Plantaricin 34 from the crude extract was identified using Tricine SDS-PAGE. Antimicrobial activity was observed using disk diffusion against EPEC K1.1, S. aureus, S. typhosa, S typhimurium, and Proteus sp. The safety assessment showed that crude extract of plantaricin S34 did not cause any abnormalities to experimental mice even after being administrated with 5000 mg/kg BB. The identification of plantaricin S34 showed an active molecule at 7.34 kDa and had an activity to inhibit the pathogens used in this study. The blood analysis showed that the hematological and biochemical blood properties were in the normal range. Histopathological examination showed no damage to the intestine, liver, and kidneys. Thus, the crude extract of plantaricin S34 is active as an antimicrobial agent without any toxicity effects.

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