scholarly journals IRRIGAÇÃO DE PASTAGENS VIA PIVÔ CENTRAL, NA BOVINOCULTURA DE CORTE.

Irriga ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 492-503 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo Pretto de Azevedo ◽  
João Carlos Cury Saad
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Forage Plants ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Tropical Forage ◽  
Center Pivot

Irrigação de pastagens via pivô central, na bovinocultura de corte.  Leonardo Pretto de Azevedo1; João Carlos Cury Saad21 Instituto Federal de São Roque, São Roque, SP, [email protected] de Engenharia Rural, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, SP,   1 RESUMO          O presente trabalho teve como objetivo apresentar o sistema de irrigação de pastagens via pivô central na bovinocultura de corte brasileira, bem como discutir a viabilidade econômica desta prática em diferentes regiões do país. Foram apresentados fatores importantes na produção de massa seca de forrageiras tropicais, como temperatura, radiação solar, adubação e água. Também foram apresentadas as vantagens e desvantagens do sistema, bem como uma breve discussão de sua viabilidade econômica. Concluiu-se que a irrigação de pastagens pode ser uma técnica economicamente viável para regiões específicas do Brasil, considerando-se os fatores envolvidos e esclarecendo que apenas o fornecimento de água às culturas não resolve o problema da estacionalidade durante o inverno. UNITERMOS: pivô central, forrageiras, viabilidade econômica  AZEVEDO, L. P.; SAAD, J. C. C. Pasture irrigation under center pivot for beef cattle.  2 ABSTRACT          The aims of this work were to show the pasture irrigation system by center pivot with Brazilian cattle and to discuss the economic feasibility of this technique in different regions of the country. Important parameters to dry matter production of tropical forage plants, as temperature, solar radiation, fertilization, and water requirement were shown Also, the system advantages and disadvantages and a discussion about economic feasibility of this technique were presented. It was concluded that pasture irrigation is a feasible and economical technique to some specific Brazilian regions, depending on appropriated parameters. This work also concludes that just water supply is not enough to assure forage production avoiding reduction in dry production in the winter. KEYWORDS: center pivot, pasture, economic feasibility

Potensi Covercrop Kebun Sawit Sebagai Sumber Pakan Hijauan Ternak Ruminansia Pada Musim Kemarau di Pelalawan, Riau

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruslan A. Gopar ◽  
S. Martono ◽  
Muhamad N. Rofiq ◽  
Windu N.
Keyword(s):  
Cover Crops ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Destructive Sampling ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Ruminant Animals ◽  
Line Intercept

The objective of this experiment was to obtain forage/ cover crops productivity and carrying capacity for ruminant animals in Pelalawan Regency, Riau in the dry season. Data were collected from civil palm oil plantations at the aged 7, 10 and 14 years in the end of dry season with a destructive sampling method. Sampling used line intercept method which every hectare were picked 10 points by using a pair of 1 m2 sized quadrant. The result showed that the number of vegetations/ cover crops in oil palm plantations aged 7, 10 and 14 years was 42 types.The proportion of forage which consist grass, legume and ferns was diverse at each age of oil palm plantations. Forage production under oil palm plantations aged 7, 10 and 14 years were 2,571 kg/ha, 1479.76 kg/ha and 1417.22 kg/ha as fed and amounted to 811.41 kg/ ha, 471, 15 kg/ ha and 456.91 kg/ ha in the dry matter production. Average carrying capacities of oil palm plantations aged 7, 10 and 14 years was 0.36 Animal units (AU)/ha/year, 0.21 AU/ha/year and 0.20 AU/ ha/year.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi jumlah covercrop dan kapasitas tampungnya di kebun sawit sebagai sumber pakan hijauan ruminansia pada musim kemarau di kabupaten Pelalawan, Riau. Pengambilan data dilakukan di perkebunan kelapa sawit yang berumur 7, 10 dan 14 tahun milik rakyat pada akhir musim kemarau. Pengambilan sampel dengan destructive sampling method menggunakan metode garis berpetak memakai kuadran berukuran 1m2 dengan jumlah sampel tiap area sebanyak 10 titik. Berdasar hasil pengukuran diperoleh hasil jumlah vegetasi/ covercrop yang ada di kebun sawit berumur 7, 10 dan 14 tahun sebanyak 42 jenis yang bervariasi tiap umur tanaman sawit. Proporsi hijauan yang ada meliputi jenis rumput, legume dan paku-pakuan bervariasi pada tiap umur kebun sawit. Produksi hijauan yang ada di bawah kebun sawit berumur 7, 10 dan 14 tahun berturut-turut 2.571 kg/ha, 1.479,76 kg/ha dan 1.417,22 kg/ha dalam bentuk segar serta sebesar 811,41 kg/ha, 471,15 kg/ha dan 456,91 kg/ha dalam bahan kering. Kapasitas tampung dari kebun sawit berumur 7, 10 dan 14 tahun adalah 0,36 satuan ternak (ST)/ha, 0,21 ST/ha dan 0,20 ST/ha.Keywords: cover crops, oil palm plantation, forage, ruminant, dry season, Pelalawan

scholarly journals Production and quality of Tifton 85 pastures overseeded with black oat: effects of irrigation and nitrogen fertilization

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 2071
Author(s):  
João De Assis Farias Filho ◽  
Fabiana Luiza Matielo de Paula ◽  
Adalberto Luiz de Paula ◽  
Wagner Paris ◽  
Fabrício Ghinzelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Lower Percentage ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Dead Material

The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of irrigation and nitrogen fertilization on the bromatological quality, forage production, and botanical and structural composition of Tifton 85 (Cynodon sp.) pastures overseeded with black oat (Avena strigosa). Four treatments were evaluated in a 2 × 2 factorial scheme (irrigated and non-irrigated × fertilized and non-fertilized), with three replicates, in a completely randomized design. In irrigated paddocks, the irrigation system was activated when the soil matric potential reached a value equal to, or higher than, 10 kPa and 135 kg N ha-1 was applied to fertilized paddocks, divided into four applications. The forage mass pre- and post-grazing, total forage production, and the botanical, structural, and bromatological composition of the pastures were evaluated. No interaction was observed between the irrigation and nitrogen fertilization factors for any of the variables and no significant differences were observed in forage mass between pre- and post-grazing or in Tifton leaf and stem percentages. Nitrogen fertilization had a significant effect on forage production, which was 2626.41 kg dry matter (DM) ha-1 higher in fertilized pastures than in unfertilized pastures. In addition, fertilization resulted in a lower percentage of dead material (6.66%), higher percentage of oat leaves (30.84%), higher leaf:stem ratio (1:45), higher crude protein content (24.13%), lower levels of neutral detergent fiber (NDF) (64.57%) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) (32.86%), and higher in vitro dry matter digestibility (73.01%) than in unfertilized pastures. The use of irrigation did not influence total forage production, however, it resulted in pastures with lower NDF (65.97%) and ADF (33.54%), and higher in vitro dry matter digestibility (73.48%) than unirrigated pastures. Nitrogen fertilization produced improvements in pasture structure, associated with higher dry matter yield and bromatological quality, while irrigation only produced pastures with lower fiber content and greater digestibility.

scholarly journals Dry matter production and chemical composition of tropical forage legumes under different shading levels

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 43526
Author(s):  
João Carlos De Carvalho Almeida ◽  
Leonardo Fiusa de Morais ◽  
Raphael Pavesi Araújo ◽  
Mirton José Frota Morenz ◽  
João Batista Rodrigues de Abreu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Forage Legumes ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Tropical Forage

scholarly journals The effect of trophism level and exploitation intensity on the production characteristics of grassland community dominated by Festuca arundinacea Schreb.

2011 ◽  
Vol 57 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 160-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Hrabě ◽  
P. Knot
Keyword(s):  
Festuca Arundinacea ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Net Energy ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
N Nutrition ◽  
Grassland Community ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Small Plot ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Cutting Intensity

In 2004&ndash;2009, a small-plot trial was conducted on permanent grassland dominated by Festuca arundinacea Schreb. on the mesohygrophytic site in order to evaluate effects of four levels of nutrition: F<sub>1</sub> = without NPK fertilization, F<sub>2 </sub>= P<sub>30</sub> + K<sub>60</sub>, F<sub>3</sub> = N90 + P<sub>30</sub> + K<sub>60</sub>, F<sub>4</sub> = N<sub>180</sub> + P<sub>30</sub> + K<sub>60</sub> kg/ha), four levels of cutting intensity (I<sub>1</sub>-4, I<sub>2</sub>-3, I<sub>3</sub>-2, early, I<sub>4</sub>-2, late cut) and their interactive influence, i.e. a total of 16 variants on the production of forage dry matter, production of crude protein (CD) and net energy of lactation (NEL) per hectare. The dominant influence of N-nutrition is documented by significant differences in forage dry matter (DM) production between the variants (with the exception of F<sub>1</sub>/F<sub>2</sub>) ranging from 4.41&ndash;4.80 to 8.44&ndash;9.83 t/ha. The effect of different exploitation level on the production is subdominant and no significant differences were found either in the production of forage DM<br />(I<sub>1</sub>-6.41 &ndash; I<sub>2</sub>-6.59 &ndash; I<sub>3</sub>-6.97 &ndash; I<sub>4</sub>-7.50 t/ha) or in the production of nutrients. Management models to be recommended for the given type of sward with respect to the interactive influence, efficacy of forage production and quality are as follows: (a) three cuts/180 kg N + PK/ha with forage suitable for dairy cows; (b) two cuts/90 kg N + PK/ha with forage suitable for cattle breeds kept for meat.

Salt priming improves establishment of Distichlis spicata under saline conditions

2006 ◽  
Vol 57 (12) ◽  
pp. 1259 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Sargeant ◽  
P. Sale ◽  
C. Tang
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Distichlis Spicata ◽  
Sand Culture ◽  
Soil Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Sand Soil ◽  
Forage Plants ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Moderate Salinity ◽  
Growth Initiation ◽  
Salt Priming

Salt priming as a tool to establish Distichlis spicata (L.) Greene cv. Yensen-4a (NyPa Forage) plants into saline conditions was investigated in sand culture. Plants were pre-treated with 3 levels of salinity (0, 2, and 4 g NaCl/kg sand) for 36 days and then transplanted into 4 salinity treatments of 0, 2, 4, and 8 g NaCl/kg sand. Soil electrical conductivity (EC), Na and Cl concentrations in the sand, growth initiation, tiller formation, dry matter production, and salt excretion and uptake were measured. Plants pre-treated with 4 g NaCl/kg sand produced 6-fold more dry matter than plants pre-treated with 0 and 2 g NaCl/kg sand when transplanted into sand containing 2 g NaCl/kg. Survival and tiller formation were also higher with plants that had been pre-treated with 4 g NaCl/kg sand compared with plants pre-treated with 0 and 2 g NaCl/kg, when transplanted into 2 and 4 g NaCl/kg sand. The results suggest that salt priming improves establishment of Distichlis spicata when transplanted into low to moderate salinity conditions.

Mixtures of annual legumes and small-grained cereals for forage production under low rainfall

1989 ◽  
Vol 113 (2) ◽  
pp. 249-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. N. Droushiotis
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Crude Protein Content ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Legume Seed ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Digestible Organic Matter ◽  
Triticale Line

SUMMARYTwo small-grained cereals, Mulga oats and a triticale line, and two legumes, local vetch and local peas, were grown in pure stands and in mixtures at various cereal: legume seed ratios (20:80, 40:60, 60:40 and 80:20) for three successive cropping years, 1981/82 to 1983/84, at Laxia and Dromolaxia, Cyprus, in each year.The cereal pure stands produced, on average, more dry matter, 8·40 t/ha, and more digestible organic matter, 4·12 t/ha, than the legume pure stands, 3·68 and 2·18 t/ha, respectively. On average, total dry matter production decreased linearly as the seed proportion of the legume component in the mixture increased. The proportion of the legume in the harvested material was much lower than expected from the seed ratios. The highest proportion of legume was seen in the mixtures of peas with triticale and ranged from 8·1 to 35·5% at the various sowing rates. Digestibility and crude protein content were highest in the mixtures of triticale and peas.

scholarly journals PRODUÇÃO SAZONAL DE DUAS ESPÉCIES FORRAGEIRAS IRRIGADAS

Irriga ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 289-302
Author(s):  
Jhésmila Indridy Bueno ◽  
Giuliani Do Prado ◽  
Adriano Catossi Tinos ◽  
Rafael Rech Bruscagin ◽  
Gessyka Roberti Volpato
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Forage Crops ◽  
Pasture Production ◽  
Tropical Forage ◽  
Forage Species ◽  
Irrigation Effect ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Urochloa Brizantha

Produção sazonal de duas espécies FORRAGEIRAS irrigadAS     Jhésmila Ingridy Bueno1; Giuliani do Prado1; Adriano Catossi Tinos1; Rafael Rech Bruscagin1 e Gessyka Roberti Volpato1   1Departamento de Engenharia Agrícola - DEA, Universidade Estadual de Maringá - UEM, Rodovia PR 482, km 45, CEP: 87.820-000, Cidade Gaúcha-PR, Brasil. E-mail: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected].     1 RESUMO   Esse trabalho objetivou avaliar o efeito da irrigação sobre a produção de dois capins, em diferentes épocas do ano. O experimento foi conduzido entre maio de 2014 e junho de 2015, na Universidade Estadual de Maringá, em Cidade Gaúcha-PR. O delineamento experimental foi em faixas com parcelas subdividas, quatro repetições e três fatores: i) espécies forrageiras (Megathyrsus maximus cv. Mombaça e Urochloa brizantha cv. BRS Piatã); ii) irrigação (irrigado e não irrigado); iii) épocas de corte (oito cortes). As lâminas de irrigação foram determinadas para reposição da evapotranspiração de referência (ET0), estimada pela equação de Penman-Monteith. Os resultados obtidos mostraram que: i) a produtividade das duas forrageiras não apresentou diferenças significativas; ii) a época de corte teve efeito significativo sobre a produção das forrageiras sob irrigação e o cultivo irrigado foi superior ao de sequeiro do primeiro ao quarto corte; iii) as maiores produtividades de matéria seca ocorreram nos meses de maiores temperaturas e radiação solar (novembro a janeiro). Para diferentes épocas do ano, a produção de massa seca pode ser estimada a partir de equações de regressão em função da temperatura e da radiação solar, para o cultivo irrigado (R2 = 73,5%) e de sequeiro (R2 = 91,9%).   Palavras-chave: irrigação de pastagem, forrageiras tropicais, temperatura, radiação solar.     Bueno, J. I.; Prado, G.; Tinos, A. C.; Bruscagin, R. R.; Volpato, G. R. Seasonal production of two irrigated FORAGE species     2 ABSTRACT   This paper aimed to evaluate the irrigation effect under pasture production of Mombaça and Piatã grasses in different year seasons. The experiment was carried out from May 2014 to June 2015, at Universidade Estadual de Maringá, at Cidade Gaúcha-PR. The experiment was set up in strip-plot design, four replications and three factors: i) forage species (Megathyrsus maximus cv. ‘Mombaça’ and Urochloa brizantha cv. ‘BRS Piatã’); ii) irrigation (irrigated and non-irrigated); iii) cutting cycles (eight cuts). Irrigation water depths were calculated forreplacement of reference evapotranspiration (ET0), estimated with Penman-Monteith equation. The results showed that: i) there were no significant differences across the forage species yield; ii) the forage dry matter yield under irrigation was dependent on the harvest season, and the irrigated forages had yields higher than those of  non-irrigated forages from the first to fourth cutting cycle; iii) the highest dry matter yields occurred in months with higher values of temperature and solar radiation (November to January). The forage yields depended on the year season, and the forage dry matter yields can be estimated from regression equations as a function of temperature and solar radiation, for irrigated (R2 = 73.5%) and non-irrigated (R2 = 91.9%) pasture.   Keywords: pasture irrigation, tropical forage crops, temperature, solar radiation.

scholarly journals Effect of Temperature and Solar Radiation on Dry Matter Production and Translocation during the Ripening Period in Rice cv. Takanari

2003 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 339-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tetsuya ISHIKAWA ◽  
Hiroshi FUJIMOTO ◽  
Nobuyuki KABAKI ◽  
Sachio MARUYAMA ◽  
Shigemi AKITA
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Ripening Period ◽  
Matter Production
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