EFICIÊNCIA DA APLICAÇÃO DA ÁGUA POR PIVÔ CENTRAL EM DIFERENTES REGIÕES DE MINAS GERAIS

EFICIÊNCIA da APLICAÇÃO DA ÁGUA por PIVô CENTRAL EM DIFERENTES REGIÕES DE MINAS GERAIS. CRISTIAN EPIFÂNIO TOLEDO1; PAULO EMILIO PEREIRA DE ALBUQUERQUE2 E CLÁUDIO MÁRCIO PEREIRA DE SOUZA3 1Departamento de Agronomia, UEG – Universidade Estadual de Goiás, Campus Palmeira de Goiás, Go. Rua 7, s/n, CEP 76.190-000. Email: [email protected] 2Departamento de Núcleos Temáticos, EMBRAPA – Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, Sete Lagoas, MG. Email: [email protected] 3Departamento de Agronomia, UFVJM – Universidade Federal dos Vales Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Campus Diamantina, MG. Email: [email protected] 1 RESUMO A prática da irrigação garante o suprimento da água onde há demanda, sendo imprescindível o uso eficiente desse recurso. Objetivou-se avaliar o desempenho de sistemas de pivôs centrais de propriedades rurais em diferentes regiões de Minas Gerais (MG). Foram realizados testes de campo para determinação dos coeficientes de uniformidade de distribuição de água, permitindo assim avaliar as eficiências dos pivôs centrais. Os parâmetros estudados foram: uniformidade de aplicação de água (CUC e CUD), eficiência de irrigação e percentagem de área adequadamente irrigada. Os pivôs centrais testados apresentaram em geral, níveis aceitáveis de uniformidade de aplicação de água. Os CUCs e CUDs em 82% dos sistemas avaliados apresentaram valores acima de 80% e 70%, respectivamente. A eficiência de aplicação de água também apresentou valores dentro do admissível e do normal, obtendo-se uma média de 91%, também caracterizando uma boa eficiência de aplicação de água. A percentagem de área adequadamente irrigada apresentou uma média de 49%, considerada regular. Assim, pode-se caracterizar os sistemas avaliados como de bom funcionamento. Palavras-chave: Pivô central; uniformidade de irrigação; coeficiente de uniformidade TOLEDO, C. E.; ALBUQUERQUE, P, E. P.; SOUZA, C. M. P. EFFICIENCY OF WATER APPLICATION BY A CENTRAL PIVOT IN DIFFERENT REGIONS OF MINAS GERAIS 2 ABSTRACT The practice of irrigation guarantees water supply where there is demand, and the efficient use of this resource is essential. The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of central pivot systems of rural properties in different regions of Minas Gerais (MG). Field tests were performed to determine the coefficients of water distribution, thus allowing the evaluation of the efficiency of the central pivots. The parameters studied were: uniformity of water application (CUC and CUD), irrigation efficiency, and percentage of adequately irrigated area. The central pivots tested showed, in general, acceptable levels of water application uniformity. The CUCs and CUDs are 82% of the environmental systems presented values above 80% and 70%, respectively. The efficiency of water application also presented values within the allowable and normal limits, obtaining an average of 91%, also characterizing a good efficiency of water application. A percentage of adequately irrigated area reached an average of 49%, being considered regular. Thus, control systems can be characterized as being functional systems. Keywords: Central pivot; irrigation uniformity; uniformity coefficient

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DIAGNÓSTICO DA APLICAÇÃO DE ÁGUAS RESIDUÁRIAS DA SUINOCULTURA NA CAFEICULTURA IRRIGADA II. AVALIAÇÃO DA UNIFORMIDADE DE APLICAÇÃO DE ÁGUA

Irriga ◽

10.15809/irriga.2006v11n3p402-414 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 402-141

Author(s):

Roberta Alessandra Bruschi Gonçalves ◽

Everardo Chartuni Mantovani ◽

Márcio Mota Ramos ◽

Luiz Otávio Carvalho de Souza

Keyword(s):

Irrigation System ◽

Crop Productivity ◽

Distribution Coefficients ◽

Minas Gerais ◽

Water Application ◽

Coffee Plantations ◽

Uniformity Coefficient ◽

Filtration System ◽

Irrigation Uniformity ◽

Minas Gerais State

DIAGNÓSTICO DA APLICAÇÃO DE ÁGUAS RESIDUÁRIAS DA SUINOCULTURA NA CAFEICULTURA IRRIGADAII. AVALIAÇÃO DA UNIFORMIDADE DE APLICAÇÃO DE ÁGUA Roberta Alessandra Bruschi Gonçalves; Everardo Chartuni Mantovani; Márcio Mota Ramos; Luiz Otávio Carvalho de SouzaDepartamento de Engenharia Agrícola, Universidade Federal de Viçosa , Viçosa-MG, [email protected] 1 RESUMO A uniformidade de aplicação de água influencia diretamente a produtividade das culturas, que tende a aumentar com a uniformidade de irrigação. O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar os coeficientes de uniformidade de distribuição de água residuária da suinocultura (ARS) em 6 propriedades cafeeiras, que aplicam ARS via sistema de irrigação, localizadas em 5 diferentes municípios da região de cerrado de Minas Gerais. Do total de sistemas avaliados, 50% apresentaram coeficientes de uniformidade de distribuição de água residuária (CUC/CUD) abaixo do recomendado. Os melhores resultados estão associados ao sistema de irrigação localizada por gotejamento, mostrando a viabilidade da utilização do mesmo, desde que haja manejo adequado ao longo de todo o processo de tratamento do efluente, inclusive no sistema de filtragem do equipamento. UNITERMOS: café, reuso, irrigação GONÇALVES, R. A. B.; MANTOVANI, E. C.; RAMOS, M. M.; SOUZA, L. O. C. de; ANALYSIS OF SWINE CULTURE WASTEWATER APPLICATION ON IRRIGATED COFFEE CROP - II. EVALUATION OF WATER APPLICATION UNIFORMITY 2 ABSTRACT Water application uniformity influences crop productivity that is likely to increase with irrigation uniformity. The objective of this work was to determine the uniformity distribution coefficients of swine culture wastewater on coffee plantations (SCW); the analysis was carried out on 6 farms in the Minas Gerais State cerrado region that use SCW through their irrigation system. Half of the assessed systems presented water application uniformity coefficient below the recommended limit. The best results were associated to drop irrigation, showing the viability of this irrigation system use if there is an appropriate management throughout the entire treatment process, including equipment filtration system management. KEYWORDS: coffee, irrigation, reuse

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COMPOSIÇÃO DE PERFIS RADIAIS DE DISTRIBUIÇÃO DE ÁGUA DE ASPERSORES

Irriga ◽

10.15809/irriga.2009v14n1p41-53 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 41-53 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Giuliani Do Prado ◽

Alberto Colombo

Keyword(s):

Key Words ◽

Flow Rate ◽

Linear Relation ◽

Water Distribution ◽

Test Bench ◽

Application Rate ◽

Water Application ◽

Irrigation Uniformity ◽

Nozzle Configuration ◽

Composition Process

COMPOSIÇÃO DE PERFIS RADIAIS DE DISTRIBUIÇÃO DE ÁGUA DE ASPERSORES Giuliani do Prado; Alberto ColomboDepartamento de Engenharia, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, MG, [email protected] 1 RESUMO Este trabalho descreve um procedimento de composição do perfil radial de aspersores que operam com dois bocais. Foram determinados na bancada de ensaios de aspersores da Universidade Federal de Lavras, em Lavras/MG, os valores de vazão e perfil radial do aspersor PLONA-RL250 operando, individualmente, com os bocais principais 14 e28 mme com os bocais auxiliares 5, 6 e7 mm, e operando, nas diferentes seis combinações de bocal auxiliar e principal do aspersor, sob cinco pressões de serviço (292, 392, 490, 588 e 696 kPa). No processo de composição do perfil radial realizado, ajustando a vazão dos bocais auxiliar e principal, operando individualmente, a vazão do aspersor operando com o conjunto de bocais auxiliar e principal, verificou-se um coeficiente de determinação médio de 88,57% entre as intensidades de precipitação adimensionais dos perfis radiais compostos com os perfis radiais do conjunto. Na relação linear, ajustada, entre os valores de uniformidade de equipamentos autopropelidos de irrigação, obtidos com os perfis radiais compostos e do conjunto, a inclinação da reta foi igual a 44°12’com um erro relativo médio de 2,34%. Estes resultados mostram que o procedimento de composição do perfil radial de aspersores não influencia, de maneira significativa, na uniformidade de aplicação de água de aspersores. UNITERMOS: bocais do aspersor, vazão do aspersor, uniformidade de irrigação. PRADO, G. DO; COLOMBO, A. SPRINKLER WATER DISTRIBUTION COMPOSITIONS 2 ABSTRACT This paper described a procedure to compose a sprinkler pattern for a sprinkler that operates with two nozzles. To compose the pattern, discharge values and patterns of the PLONA-RL250 sprinkler were determined at the sprinkler test bench of the Universidade Federal de Lavras, in Lavras/MG. The tests were conducted with all possible combinations using 14mm and28 mmmain nozzles and the 5, 6 and7 mmauxiliary nozzles as well as with each nozzle functioning individually. Five working pressures (294, 392, 490, 588 and 686 kPa) were used for each nozzle configuration. In the pattern composition process, by adjusting the main and auxiliary nozzle discharges operating individually, and by adjusting the sprinkler discharge operating with the corresponding pair of main and auxiliary nozzles, it was verified that the average determination coefficient was 88.57% between the dimensionless water application rate of the composed and pair patterns. In the adjusted linear relation, between the uniformity values of a travel irrigation machine obtained from the composed and pair patterns, the inclination was 44° 12' with an average relative error of 2.34%. These results show that the procedure to compose a sprinkler pattern for sprinklers does not influence significantly the water application uniformity of sprinklers. KEY WORDS: sprinkler nozzles, sprinkler flow rate, irrigation uniformity

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A simplified method to improve water distribution and application uniformity for sprinkler irrigation on sloping land: adjustment of riser orientation

Water Science & Technology Water Supply ◽

10.2166/ws.2020.231 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Xin Hui ◽

Haijun Yan ◽

Lin Zhang ◽

Junying Chen

Keyword(s):

Soil Erosion ◽

Water Distribution ◽

Sprinkler Irrigation ◽

Water Application ◽

Irrigation Systems ◽

Irrigation Projects ◽

Irrigation Uniformity ◽

Simplified Method ◽

Investment Cost ◽

Sloping Land

Abstract To improve the water application uniformity for sprinkler irrigation on sloping land, indoor tests were conducted on an artificial slope (slopes of 0, 0.05, 0.10 and 0.15) to evaluate the effects of two riser orientations, vertical (VO) and perpendicular (PO) to the slope, on the uniformity of sprinkler rotation, radius of throw, water distribution of an individual sprinkler and the overlapped water application uniformity (WAU). Compared with the VO, the PO could effectively improve the water distribution on sloping land and minimize the risk of soil erosion. Additionally, the PO was superior in the WAU, and a rectangular arrangement could dramatically enhance the WAU at smaller sprinkler spacing, while larger acceptable sprinkler spacing was accepted in a triangular arrangement. The riser orientation and sprinkler spacing had the most significant effect on the WAU, followed by the slope and sprinkler arrangement, suggesting that the adjustment of riser orientation or sprinkler spacing was helpful in improving the WAU. However, from the aspects of investment cost and installation convenience for irrigation projects, the method of PO was recommended. Therefore, when designing the sprinkler irrigation systems on the slope, choosing PO is the simplest and most effective way to achieve good irrigation uniformity.

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DISTRIBUIÇÃO ESPACIAL DA ÁGUA APLICADA POR EQUIPAMENTOS AUTOPROPELIDOS DE IRRIGAÇÃO - PARTE II: VALIDAÇÃO DO SIMULASOFT

Irriga ◽

10.15809/irriga.2010v15n1p63 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 63-74 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Giuliani Do Prado ◽

Alberto Colombo

Keyword(s):

Spatial Distribution ◽

Water Depth ◽

Field Tests ◽

Analytical Validation ◽

Operational Conditions ◽

Uniformity Coefficient ◽

Average Value ◽

Straight Line ◽

Irrigation Uniformity ◽

Application Profile

São apresentados resultados da validação analítica e experimental do aplicativo computacional SIMULASOFT, que simula a distribuição espacial da lâmina de água aplicada por equipamentos autopropelidos de irrigação. Para validação analítica, foram calculados valores de lâmina e uniformidade de aplicação de água, considerando-se um aspersor com perfil radial de formato triangular, em deslocamento linear com velocidade constante, operando com ângulos de giro de 270º e 360º. A comparação entre valores gerados analiticamente e pelo aplicativo demonstrou a equivalência dos dois processos. Valores de lâmina de água aplicados, observados em quatro ensaios de campo, realizados com um carretel enrolador dotado de um aspersor, da marca SIME®, modelo Big-River, quando comparados com valores produzidos pelo aplicativo, para as mesmas condições observadas nos ensaios de campo, apresentaram um coeficiente de determinação médio de 91,3%. Nas comparações entre os valores de coeficiente de uniformidade de Christiansen, simulados e observados em campo, verificou-se um erro relativo médio de 3,6%. UNITERMOS: ensaios de uniformidade, simulação matemática, aspersores PRADO, G. do; COLOMBO, A. SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF WATER APPLIED BY TRAVELER iRRIGATIOn MACHINES - Part II: SIMULASOFT VALIDATION 2 ABSTRACT Results from both analytical and experimental validation of Simulasoft, a software that simulates spatial distribution of water applied by traveler irrigation machines, are presented. For the analytical validation, values of applied water depth and irrigation uniformity were input considering a sprinkler which presented radial water application profile and had triangular shape, moving along a straight line at constant speed and operating with wetted sectors of 270º and 360º. Comparisons among analytically input values and simulated ones have demonstrated that the two procedures are equivalent. When water depth values determined at four field tests of a traveler irrigation machine, set with a SIME® sprinkler, Big-River model, were compared to simulated values considering the operational conditions observed at field tests, a 91.3% determination coefficient was found. Comparisons among field observed and simulated Christiansen uniformity coefficient values showed that the relative error has a 3.6% average value. KEYWORDS: uniformity tests, irrigation uniformity, sprinklers

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Water distribution model for center pivot end gun sprinklers

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental ◽

10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v23n7p477-483 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 23 (7) ◽

pp. 477-483

Author(s):

Giuliani Prado ◽

Alberto Colombo ◽

Antônio C. Barreto

Keyword(s):

Water Distribution ◽

Working Condition ◽

Field Tests ◽

Distribution Model ◽

Absolute Difference ◽

Working Pressure ◽

Irrigated Area ◽

Center Pivot ◽

Substantial Investment ◽

Water Distribution Model

ABSTRACT End gun sprinklers can increase the irrigated area by center pivot irrigation systems without a substantial investment. This study was carried out at the Universidade Federal de Lavras, MG state, Brazil, and aimed to describe and validate a water distribution model for center pivot end gun sprinklers. The gun sprinkler PLONA-RL250®, attached at the end point of a center pivot, was used to evaluate the model in field tests. The sprinkler working conditions considered were nozzle diameters of 14 x 6 mm, working pressure of 292 kPa, and four asymmetric wetted angle adjustments (95 + 20º; 90 + 90º; 60 + 60º; 45 + 45º). These tests were carried out for wind speed lower than 0.9 m s-1. The measured and simulated irrigation depths showed an average absolute difference of 0.65 mm and determination coefficients from 71.55 to 89.37%. Based on the confidence coefficient (c = 0.82) the model can be classified as very good (0.76 ≤ c ≤ 0.85). Sprinkler wetted angle adjustment of 110º (95 + 20º) resulted in uniform water distribution and, for effective radius of throw between 70 to 90% of the gun sprinkler´s radius of throw, this working condition resulted in Christiansen’s uniformity greater than 80%.

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ANÁLISE DA UNIFORMIDADE DE APLICAÇÃO EM DIFERENTES SISTEMAS DE CULTIVO COM IRRIGAÇÃO LOCALIZADA

Irriga ◽

10.15809/irriga.2017v1n1p57-63 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 57-63

Author(s):

Kevim Muniz Ventura ◽

Regiane De Carvalho Bispo ◽

ROBERTA DANIELA DA SILVA SANTOS ◽

MARCELLO HENRYQUE COSTA DE SOUZA ◽

RODRIGO MÁXIMO SÁNCHEZ ROMÁN

Keyword(s):

Drip Irrigation ◽

Agricultural Research ◽

Cropping Systems ◽

Irrigation Management ◽

Water Application ◽

Irrigation Systems ◽

Uniformity Coefficient ◽

Irrigation Uniformity ◽

Vertical System

ANÁLISE DA UNIFORMIDADE DE APLICAÇÃO EM DIFERENTES SISTEMAS DE CULTIVO COM IRRIGAÇÃO LOCALIZADA KEVIM MUNIZ VENTURA1; REGIANE DE CARVALHO BISPO1; ROBERTA DANIELA DA SILVA SANTOS1; MARCELLO HENRYQUE COSTA DE SOUZA1 E RODRIGO MÁXIMO SÁNCHEZ ROMÁN2 1Programa de Pós-Graduação em Irrigação e Drenagem, Universidade Estadual Paulista “Julio de Mesquita Filho” - UNESP/FCA, Rua José Barbosa de Barros, 1780, Botucatu, SP, [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]. 2Professor assistente, Departamento de Engenharia Rural, FCA/UNESP. Botucatu, SP, [email protected] *Extraído da dissertação de mestrado do primeiro autor. 1 RESUMO A crescente necessidade de elevar a produção em menos espaço guia as pesquisas agropecuárias visando criar tecnologias que busquem atender essa demanda. A possibilidade de produzir hortaliças de forma alternativa é algo que desperta atenção nos agricultores familiares e moradores de áreas urbanas que desejam produzir o próprio alimento. A irrigação é uma das práticas de maior importância para o sucesso de uma horta, seja ela convencional ou vertical, por isso é de suma importância que sistemas de irrigação apresentem uma boa uniformidade de aplicação de água. Desta forma, avaliar o sistema é uma etapa primordial para garantir o adequado manejo da irrigação. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar os coeficientes de uniformidade (Christiansen, de distribuição, estatístico e eficiência de aplicação) em uma fita gotejadora após 2 ciclos, em dois sistemas de cultivo (convencional e vertical). Com os resultados obtidos, foi possível observar que a fita utilizada no sistema vertical obteve coeficientes de uniformidade superiores com o passar dos ciclos, garantindo que a aplicação de água neste sistema fosse mais satisfatória que o sistema convencional. Palavras-chave: Sistema vertical, gotejamento, coeficiente de uniformidade VENTURA, K. M.; BISPO, R. DE C.; SANTOS, R. D. S.; SOUZA, M. H. C.; SÁNCHEZ-ROMÁN, R. M. ANALYSIS OF APPLICATION UNIFORMITY IN DIFFERENT LOCALIZED IRRIGATION SYSTEMS 2 ABSTRACT The growing need to leverage production in less space drives the agricultural research, making it to create technologies that seek to meet this demand. The possibility of producing vegetables in an alternative way is something that draws the attention of family of farmers and urban dwellers who wish to produce their own food. Irrigation is one of the most important practices for the success of a conventional or vertical garden, so it is critical that irrigation systems have an excellent uniformity in the water application. Thus, to evaluate the system is a primordial stage to guarantee the adequate irrigation management. This work aims to evaluate the uniformity coefficients (Christiansen, distribution and statistical coefficients) in a drip tape after 2 cycles, in two cropping systems (traditional and vertical). With the results obtained, it was possible to observe that the drip tape used in the vertical system got higher uniformity coefficients than the conventional one, ensuring that the application of water in this system was more satisfactory. Keywords: Vertical system, drip irrigation, uniformity coefficient

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DISTRIBUIÇÃO ESPACIAL DA ÁGUA APLICADA POR EQUIPAMENTOS AUTOPROPELIDOS DE IRRIGAÇÃO - PARTE I: MODELAGEM COM O SIMULASOFT

Irriga ◽

10.15809/irriga.2010v15n1p51 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 51-62 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Giuliani Do Prado ◽

Alberto Colombo

Keyword(s):

Spatial Distribution ◽

Path Length ◽

Water Distribution ◽

Visual Basic ◽

Water Application ◽

Working Pressure ◽

Operational Conditions ◽

Travel Path ◽

Irrigation Uniformity ◽

Field Geometry

Um aplicativo computacional, escrito em Visual Basic 6, que simula, na condição de ausência de ventos, a distribuição espacial de água de equipamentos autopropelidos de irrigação é apresentado. A aplicação de água, no centro e ao longo do comprimento de toda a faixa molhada, é simulada em função do (i) modelo do aspersor utilizado (canhão PLONA® RL300), (ii) das condições operacionais do aspersor (diâmetro de bocal, pressão de serviço e ângulo de giro), (iii) da geometria da área (espaçamento entre carreadores, comprimento dos carreadores e comprimento da faixa efetivamente irrigada) e dos (iv) tempos de parada nas extremidades dos carreadores. As simulações executadas pelo aplicativo permitem identificar as condições operacionais dos sistemas autopropelidos de irrigação que proporcionam uma melhor uniformidade de aplicação de água. UNITERMOS: aplicativo computacional, carretel enrolador, uniformidade da irrigação PRADO, G. do; COLOMBO, A. SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF WATER APPLIED BY TRAVELER iRRIGATIOn MACHINES - Part I: MODELLING WITH SIMULASOFT 2 ABSTRACT A computer program in Visual Basic 6 that simulates, for low wind conditions, the spatial distribution of water applied by traveling irrigation machines is presented. Irrigation water application in the central part and along all the length of the wetted path is simulated considering the following: (i) gun sprinkler model (PLONA® model RL300), (ii) sprinkler operational condition (nozzle size, working pressure and wetted sector), (iii) field geometry (travel path length and length of the effectively irrigated strip), and (iv) standing times at the end of the travel path. Water distribution simulations allow identifying operational conditions of traveling irrigation machines that result in better water application uniformity. KEYWORDS: software, water reel machine, irrigation uniformity

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Effect of Pulsating Pressure on Water Distribution and Application Uniformity for Sprinkler Irrigation on Sloping Land

Water ◽

10.3390/w11050913 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. 913 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Lin Zhang ◽

Boyang Fu ◽

Naiwang Ren ◽

Yu Huang

Keyword(s):

Distribution Pattern ◽

Flow Rate ◽

Complex Terrain ◽

Water Distribution ◽

Constant Pressure ◽

Sprinkler Irrigation ◽

Water Application ◽

Uniformity Coefficient ◽

Sloping Land ◽

Distribution Uniformity

Crops are highly susceptible to drought in sloping land. Due to its good adaptability to complex terrain, sprinkler irrigation is one of the commonly used methods for sloping land. To improve water application uniformity for sprinkler irrigation on sloping land, an experiment was conducted on an artificial slope to determine the effects of pulsating versus constant pressure on sprinkler flow rate, radius of throw, water distribution pattern, and water application uniformity. Compared with sprinkler flow rate and water distribution uniformity at constant pressure, sprinkler flow rate was not reduced, but water distribution uniformity for a single sprinkler was improved due to the decreased uphill throw, downhill throw and the ratio of downhill throw to uphill throw at pulsating pressure. The Christiansen Uniformity Coefficient (CU) value of water distribution for a single sprinkler at pulsating pressure was about 10% higher than that of constant pressure. When water distribution of single sprinkler overlapped with rectangular arrangement, CU values for pulsating pressure were on average 4.06% higher than those for constant pressure with different sprinkler spacings. Thus, pulsating pressure is recommended for use in sprinkler irrigation on sloping land to improve water application uniformity.

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Effects of Plate Structure and Nozzle Diameter on Hydraulic Performance of Fixed Spray Plate Sprinklers at Low Working Pressures

Transactions of the ASABE ◽

10.13031/trans.13958 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 64 (1) ◽

pp. 231-242

Author(s):

Rui Chen ◽

Hong Li ◽

Jian Wang ◽

Chao Chen

Keyword(s):

Water Distribution ◽

Sprinkler Irrigation ◽

Hydraulic Performance ◽

Nozzle Diameter ◽

Water Application ◽

Working Pressure ◽

Plate Structure ◽

Irrigation Uniformity ◽

Application Depth ◽

Peak Value

HighlightsThe hydraulic performance of fixed spray plate sprinklers (FSPS) was evaluated at low working pressures.The effects of geometric structure on the hydraulic performance of FSPS were studied.A model was developed for estimating the application depth and uniformity of FSPS under a linear-move system.The recommended values of the most effective sprinkler combination spacing for FSPS are given.Abstract. Reducing the working pressure of sprinklers can effectively reduce the energy consumption of sprinkler irrigation systems. Fixed spray plate sprinklers (FSPS) have a simple structure, and their working pressure has potential to be reduced to 40 kPa. To evaluate the hydraulic performance of FSPS at low pressure, an experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of working pressure, plate structure, and nozzle diameter on sprinkler flow rate, wetted radius, and water application distribution. Two plates (FSPSB and FSPSY) and five nozzles were used in the tests. The cumulative water application depth and irrigation uniformity coefficient were calculated under a linear-move system. The results show that sprinklers with larger nozzle diameters and higher working pressures produce greater coefficients of discharge. The wetted radius gradually increases with the increase in working pressure and nozzle diameter. Two empirical equations for estimating the wetted radius of the two plates are proposed. The FSPSB has a concave trajectory structure that produces a longer wetted radius than the FSPSY, which has a flat trajectory structure. Along the wetted radius, the water application rate increases and then decreases, with a peak value at a certain distance. For the FSPSB, the peak rate of water application decreases with increasing working pressure. However, the FSPSY shows the opposite trend, with the maximum peak value occurring at the highest working pressure of 250 kPa. The water distribution for a single FSPSB sprinkler is discrete due to the greater water dispersal caused by the deeper grooves in the plate. In contrast, a single FSPSY sprinkler provides a more uniform water distribution. The irrigation uniformity of the FSPSY is higher than that of the FSPSB. The recommended values for the most effective sprinkler combination spacings for FSPSB and FSPSY are given in this article. The results may be useful for selecting appropriate sprinklers in hydraulic design procedures. Keywords: Cumulative spray water depth, Irrigation uniformity, Sprinkler irrigation, Water distribution, Working condition.

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AVALIAÇÃO DO DESEMPENHO DE SISTEMAS PIVÔ CENTRAL NA REGIÃO OESTE DA BAHIA

Irriga ◽

10.15809/irriga.2004v9n2p126-135 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 126-135 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Aureo Silva de Oliveira ◽

Francisco Adriano de Carvalho Pereira ◽

Vital Pedro da Silva Paz ◽

Carlos Amilton Santos

Keyword(s):

Field Tests ◽

Energy Resources ◽

High Plains ◽

Water Losses ◽

Uniformity Coefficient ◽

Irrigation Uniformity ◽

Coffee Beans ◽

Center Pivot ◽

Pressurized Irrigation ◽

Potential Efficiency

AVALIAÇÃO DO DESEMPENHO DE SISTEMAS PIVÔ CENTRAL NA REGIÃO OESTE DA BAHIA Aureo Silva de Oliveira1; Francisco Adriano de Carvalho Pereira1; Vital Pedro da Silva Paz1; Carlos Amilton Santos21Departamento deEngenharia Agrícola, Escola de Agronomia, Universidade Federal da BahiaCruz das Almas, BA, [email protected] Brasil, Barreiras, BA 1 RESUMO A irrigação por pivô central vem expandindo-se no oeste da Bahia, com centenas de unidades em operação, irrigando culturas como milho, café, feijão, grama, entre outras. O pivô central por suas características de irrigar extensas áreas, é um equipamento demandante de recursos energéticos e hídricos em larga escala. Com o objetivo de avaliar o desempenho de sistemas pivô central na região oeste da Bahia, a partir de indicadores de uniformidade de distribuição de água, adequabilidade da irrigação e eficiência de aplicação de água, ensaios de campo foram conduzidos em equipamentos de onze propriedades agrícolas dos municípios de Barreiras (12o09´S; 45o00´W) e Bom Jesus da Lapa (13o16´S; 43o25´W). A uniformidade de aplicação de água, segundo o coeficiente de uniformidade radial (CUr), variou de 67,6 a 92,4%, com média de 83%, apresentando a maioria dos pivôs, coeficiente entre 80 e 90%. A eficiência em potencial de aplicação de água (EAp) apresentou média de 89,5%, variando de 80 a 99%. Apesar destes valores encontrarem-se em faixas aceitáveis, significativas lâminas extras de irrigação podem ser requeridas, especialmente para irrigação de culturas mais rentáveis e para compensar perdas de água pela ação do vento e evaporação tão freqüentes em condições de cerrado. UNITERMOS: Irrigação pressurizada, pivô central, uniformidade da irrigação, eficiência da irrigação OLIVEIRA, A. S. de; PEREIRA, F. A. de C.; PAZ, V. P. da S. EVALUATION OF THE PERFORMANCE OF CENTER PIVOT SYSTEMS IN WESTERN BAHIA 2 ABSTRACT Irrigation through center pivot has expanded over Western Bahia, with hundreds of operating units irrigating crops like corn, coffee, beans and grass, among others. Because of its far-reaching irrigation characteristics the center pivot is a piece of equipment that requires a large supply of water and energy resources. Aiming to evaluate the performance of center pivot systems in western Bahia from irrigation uniformity indicators, irrigation adequacy and efficiency, field tests were conducted in systems of eleven farms in Barreiras (12º09’S; 45º00’W) and Bom Jesus Da Lapa (13º16’S; 43º25’W) areas. According to the radial uniformity coefficient (CUr), irrigation uniformity varied from 67.6 to 92.4%, averaging 83%, and the greatest number of pivots showed coefficient between 80 and 90%. The low quarter potential efficiency (EAp) averaged 89.5%, varying from 80 to 99%. Although these values have acceptable levels, significant extra water depths may be required, especially for the irrigation of more profitable crops and to make up for water losses caused by wind effects and evaporation, which are frequent in Brazilian high plains. KEYWORDS: Pressurized irrigation, center pivot, irrigation uniformity, irrigation efficiency

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