scholarly journals The Efficacy of a Holding Community Program—Promoting Social Reflection at School

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 422
Author(s):  
Anna Siegler ◽  
Sára Serdült ◽  
Fanni Csernus ◽  
Lilla Dézma ◽  
Izabella Ilea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High School Students ◽  
Perspective Taking ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Collective Actions ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Short Term ◽  
School Students ◽  
Community Program ◽  
Post Test

The authors developed a Holding Community Program to achieve the following objectives: (a) to increase the perspective-taking capacity of adolescents; (b) to promote interpersonal and intergroup harmony; (c) to empower school students to be more (pro)active in their communities and in public life. Apart from the intervention itself, the study comprised a pre-test and a post-test and involved a total of 240 Hungarian high school students (159 female, 66.3%). The students were aged 14–18 (Mage=15.33; SDage=0.88). They were recruited from four high schools. Control groups (N=122) were chosen from the same institution and graded as experimental classes (N=118, 7 classes). Both immediate and long-term effects of the intervention (4–6 months after the intervention) were explored.  Quantitative analysis of the data indicated that the two-day intervention program had significantly increased the students’ perspective-taking capacity (short-term: F(1,238)=6.03, p<0.05, long-term: n.s.) and efficacy beliefs (short-term: F(1,238)= 3.83, p=0.052, long-term: F(1,238)= 3.38, p<0.05). After the training, students were more willing to participate in collective actions (short-term: F(1,238)= 7.32, p<0.01, long-term: F(1,238)= 3.83, p<0.05). These results seem quite promising but the outcome was not significant regarding its effect on prejudice.

Verification of Ingroup Identity as a Longitudinal Mediator between Intergroup Contact and Outgroup Evaluation

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angel Gómez ◽  
Anja Eller ◽  
Alexandra Vázquez
Keyword(s):  
High School Students ◽  
Intergroup Contact ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
School Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Group Members ◽  
Ingroup Identity ◽  
Continue Work

AbstractAlmost six decades of research have consistently demonstrated that intergroup contact is one of the most powerful ways of improving intergroup attitudes. At least two important limitations, however, still compel researchers to continue work in this area: the issue of long-term effects of contact, and the processes underlying such effects. This report makes a theoretical and empirical contribution with regard to these two aspects introducing a new mediator of the effects of contact: verification of qualities of typical ingroup members that may or may not characterize individual group members (e.g. verification of ingroup identities). One hundred and forty-two high school students participated in a two-wave longitudinal study with 12 weeks’ lag in Spain. Cross-sectional and longitudinal mediational analyses using multiple imputation data showed that intergroup contact improves general outgroup evaluation through increasing verification of ingroup identities. This research demonstrates the relevance of considering verification of ingroup identity as a mediator for the positive effects of intergroup contact.

Effect of Goal Proximity and Goal Specificity on Muscular Endurance Performance: A Replication and Extension

1991 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 174-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gershon Tenenbaum ◽  
Saadia Pinchas ◽  
Gabi Elbaz ◽  
Michael Bar-Eli ◽  
Robert Weinberg
Keyword(s):  
High School Students ◽  
Endurance Performance ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Baseline Period ◽  
Short Term ◽  
School Students ◽  
Goal Specificity ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Relationship

The purpose of the present investigation was to extend the literature on the relationship between goal specificity, goal proximity, and performance by using high school students and attempting to control for the effects of social comparison. Subjects (N=214) in Experiment 1 were randomly assigned to one of five goal-setting conditions: (a) short-term goals, (b) long-term goals, (c) short- plus long-term goals,(d) do-your-best goals, and (e) no goals. After a 3-week baseline period, subjects were tested once a week on the 3-minute sit-up over the course of the 10-week experimental period. Results indicated that the short- plus long-term group exhibited the greatest increase in performance although the short-term and long-term groups also displayed significant improvements. In Experiment 2, a short- plus long-term group was compared against a do-your-best group. Results again revealed a significant improvement in performance for the combination-goal group whereas the do-your-best group did not display any improvement.

scholarly journals Repercussions of the “Sport to break barriers” program in attitudes toward immigration in Andalusian high school students

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (43) ◽  
pp. 97-108
Keyword(s):  
High School Students ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
School Students ◽  
Transformative Experiences ◽  
Academic Level ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Post Test

The main objective of this study was to assess the effectiveness of an intervention program for the primary prevention of negative attitudes towards immigration and the promotion of favorable attitudes towards outsiders. At the end, it analyzed the repercussions of the intervention. In the study, participated 98 students (43 boys and 55 girls) with an average age of 13.15 years (± 1.12). A pre-experimental design of a single group was used with pre-test and post-test measurements. The five-week intervention started with a phase of awareness about the migratory phenomenon and, on a second phase, it was proposed to develop an initiative of social impact, which culminated in the preparation and implementation of the event “Project for Peace”, a meeting space between different educational centers, clubs and one NGO. In the preparations, cooperative learning projects were developed through original didactic resources. Initial results showed a prevalence of favorable attitudes about adverse beliefs. Among the favorable arguments shined the cultural discourse and the main prejudice was the economic consequences. After the intervention proposed by this study, was clearly noted an improvement of the positive attitudes. The main changes refer to the economic-labor dimension. No differences were found in the negative scale, confirming the tendency to stability of prejudices. It is of interest to enrich the curriculum with transformative experiences towards an educational change that transcends the academic level and brings benefits in the social field.

scholarly journals The Efficacy of a Gambling Prevention Program Among High-School Students

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 573-595 ◽  
Author(s):  
Filipa Calado ◽  
Joana Alexandre ◽  
Liah Rosenfeld ◽  
Rafaela Pereira ◽  
Mark D. Griffiths
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Problem Gambling ◽  
Sensation Seeking ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
School Students ◽  
Problem Gamblers ◽  
Post Test ◽  
And Control

Abstract Youth problem gambling has become an emergent public health issue, and adolescents constitute a vulnerable age group for the development of gambling-related problems. Although there is research concerning the risk factors of youth problem gambling, rigorous evaluations of the effectiveness of preventive initiatives is still rare. The present study evaluated the efficacy of an integrative intervention to prevent youth problem gambling based on a multidimensional set of factors including gambling-related knowledge, misconceptions, attitudes, gambling frequency, amount of money spent, total hours spent gambling per week, and sensation seeking. A pre- and post-test design was performed with 111 Portuguese high-school students randomly assigned to two groups (experimental and control). The findings demonstrated that the intervention was effective in improving correct knowledge about gambling, reducing misconceptions and attitudes, and in decreasing the total hours spent gambling per week. The intervention was also effective in reducing the number of at-risk/problem gamblers during the study period. Furthermore, these findings were stable after a 6-week follow-up. Overall, the intervention program appeared to be effective in correcting some gambling-related behaviours, and provides suggestions for future interventions.

scholarly journals Volunteer Teaching of High School Students: We Will See You Again

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 23-30
Author(s):  
Xiahua Dong ◽  
Chujie Yuan ◽  
Kairan Liu ◽  
Yixiao Liu ◽  
Luoyifu Li
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Qualitative Research ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Short Term ◽  
School Students ◽  
Children Of Migrant Workers

Since February 2006, responding to Chinese Government’s police, Three Support and One Assistance, short-term volunteer teaching has burgeoned in China. However, the effect of short-term volunteer teaching is rather concerning and unsatisfactory. We conduct our research from three parts: literature review, quantitative research, and qualitative research. Three major concerns are identified from literature review: inappropriate motivation, unprofessionalism, and inconsistency. An interview with a humanitarian organization Nuannuan is conducted to find the possible solution. Based on it, the hypothesis is that longterm and organized volunteer teaching is more effective so the solution could be a long-term volunteer teaching alliance. Two surveys are used to test the feasibility of the solution by analyzing children of migrant workers’ attitudes and high school volunteers’ attitudes. The results show that children are willing to participate and volunteers are willing to teach in the long-term. The hypothesis is proved and the solution is an establishment of a volunteer teaching alliance among all high school students in Beijing.

scholarly journals Augmenting Performance: Vocal Activity Compared to Presence in the Social Facilitation of Running

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Humza Malik ◽  
Kate Flowers
Keyword(s):  
High School Students ◽  
Social Facilitation ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Short Term ◽  
School Students ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Sports Team ◽  
Verbal Encouragement ◽  
The Impact

Objective The impact of encouragement on performance has been observed in the setting of exercise, but further research is necessary in running. To compare the improvement in pace experienced by subjects of different backgrounds (from a running team, non-running sports team, or no sports team) as a result of active (verbal encouragement) and passive social facilitation, this study was conducted. Method Eighteen male high school students, age 17.3±0.75 years were recruited for this study, six from each background listed above. Participants were randomly assigned to one of three treatments: external verbal encouragement (EVE), without external verbal encouragement (WEVE), or no presence. Improvement in pace after the introduction of a social facilitator was recorded along with overall consistency in pace. Statistical significance was set at α = 0.10. Results A significant improvement in short-term pace among subjects from a running team was generated by EVE, t(1) = -5.198, p = 0.0605, and no presence generated a significant improvement in short-term pace among subjects from a non-running sports team, t(1) = -5, p = 0.0669. EVE also generated a significant improvement in long-term pace among subjects from a running team, t(1) = -5.069, p = 0.0620. A conclusion on consistency was not reached. Conclusion Verbal encouragement saw to long-term and short-term improvement in pace of subjects selected from a running team, while the lack of presence assisted the short-term performance of subjects selected from non-running sports teams. Results obtained offer potential to impact competitive long-distance running.

scholarly journals Short-term effect of a hamstring stretching program in hamstring extensibility and sagittal spinal curvatures in high school students

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (43) ◽  
pp. 75-84
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Pelvic Tilt ◽  
Trunk Flexion ◽  
School Students ◽  
Spinal Curvatures ◽  
Pelvic Inclination ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Straight Leg Raise

Hamstring shortness and postural deformities are frequent in adolescents. For this reason, the purpose of this study was to analyse the influence of a shortterm stretching program in hamstring extensibility and sagittal spinal curvatures in high school students. Sixty-two male high school students aged 14-17 years old performed a 70 seconds hamstring stretching program (3 exercises) twice a week for five weeks during their physical education classes. Hamstring extensibility was measured by the straight leg raise test and sit-and-reach test. Thoracic and lumbar curves and pelvic inclination were measures in relaxed standing and in the sit-and-reach test. These measures were assessed before (pre-test) and after (post-test) the intervention program. Significant increases in the sit-and-reach score (d= 0.23) and in the straight leg raise angle (d= 0.85-0.90) were found. Sagittal spinal curvatures in standing showed no differences between pre- and post-test. In the maximal trunk flexion position during the sit-and-reach was detected a lower thoracic kyphosis and posterior pelvic tilt (p < 0.05) in post-test although with a low size effect (d=0.02-0.22). A hamstring muscle stretching program with a volume of 2 sessions per week (70 seconds each session), for 5 weeks, improves hamstring extensibility in adolescents and slightly reduces the thoracic bending and posterior pelvic tilt in trunk flexion postures with extended knees.

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