scholarly journals The Poetics of Mysticism in Lyudmila Ulitskaya’s Prose

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tünde Szabó
Keyword(s):  
Short Stories ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Psychological Disorder ◽  
The Core ◽  
Rational Explanation ◽  
Mystical Experiences ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Recurrent Motifs ◽  
Structural Point

We often find the Soviet past at the core of Lyudmila Ulitskaya’s works, and most critics agree that the description of everyday life and historicity are fundamental principles of her prose. Nonetheless, episodes which record the characters’ mystical experiences play a fairly significant part in Ulitskaya’s works. However, they receive considerably less attention in research on her oeuvre. In this paper, the author focuses on the mystical component of Ulitskaya’s novels and most recent short stories and attempts to define the thematic and structural characteristics of the mystical episodes. In the first part of the paper, the author reviews the constant elements of the characters’ mystical experiences in different works. These experiences are primarily connected with encountering death and are based on the character’s borderline position and the permeability of the frontier between “reality” and the afterworld. This frontier is marked out by recurrent motifs, which symbolically bestow upon death the meaning of transformation (transubstantiation) and revival. From a structural point of view, the delineation of the frontier between the two worlds can be explained, among others, through the characteristics of fantasy. In the second part of the paper, the article examines this aspect of the mystical episodes of Ulitskaya’s works with reference to Tzvetan Todorov’s concept, which defines the fantastical as an interim phenomenon between the “uncanny” and the “miraculous”. The characters’ mystical experiences in the episodes examined here receive a rational explanation (dream, hallucination before dying, psychological disorder), which cancels their fantastic nature. As a result of this duality of a rational explanation and the simultaneous uncertainty about judging the experience, the mystical episodes of Ulitskaya’s works can be categorised as “fantastical and uncanny”. When these episodes are examined from the point of view of the properties of the genuinely mystical texts, we find a “profane mysticism”, primarily as a result of the neutrality of the narrator’s discourse, the blurriness of the difference between what is real and what is supernatural, and the proximity of the narrator’s and the author’s positions.

scholarly journals Survey on energetic short rotation forestry systems – Possibilities of spatial development and job creation

2010 ◽  
pp. 7-11
Author(s):  
József Antal ◽  
Gábor Grasseli
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Job Creation ◽  
Product Line ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Short Rotation ◽  
Support Policy ◽  
Education Profession ◽  
Structural Point

Both the European and the Hungarian rural areas suffer multi dimensional problems. Beside infrastructural under development the most important difficulty is employment. Unemployment is significant in the rural areas, while other structural characteristics like education, profession, work circumstances and seasonality worsen this unfavourable situation. It can be stated that the challenge with the highest priority in rural and spatialdevelopment is to create jobs and to strengthen local employment. The authors examine the job generating possibilities of energetic biomass of agricultural origin in a structural point of view. The aim is to develop spatial biomass product line models that permanently support the raise of employment by utilizing the possibilities of the European Union support policy and the popularity of this branch.

How to put yourself in someone else’s shoes: The role of point-of-view in the interpretation of mixed messages

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-238
Author(s):  
Nikos Vergis
Keyword(s):  
Short Stories ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Affective Factors ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Mixed Messages ◽  
Communicative Role ◽  
The Way

AbstractDoes having a communicative role other than the speaker’s make a difference to the way pragmatic meaning is construed? Standard paradigms in interpersonal pragmatics have implicitly assumed a speaker-centric perspective over the years, however modern approaches have re-considered the role of listener evaluations. In the present study, I examine whether assuming different communicative roles (speaker, listener, observer) results in varying interpretations. A web-based experiment revealed that participants who took the perspective of different characters in short stories differed in the way they interpreted what the speaker meant. In most cases, participants in the role of the listener interpreted speaker meaning in more negative ways than participants in the other roles. The present study suggests that the directionality of the difference (negative inferences under the listener’s perspective) could be explained by taking into account affective factors.

Magnetic and Structural Characteristics of Amorphous and Crystalline α-Al2O3 High TC Superconductors

1997 ◽  
Vol 11 (08) ◽  
pp. 353-357
Author(s):  
Iuliu Pop ◽  
Camelia Oprea ◽  
Ioan Burda ◽  
Olivia Pop
Keyword(s):  
Critical Temperature ◽  
State Transition ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
High Tc Superconductors ◽  
High Tc ◽  
Higher Temperature ◽  
Diamagnetic Transition ◽  
Α Al2o3 ◽  
Structural Point

The amorphous and crystalline α- Al2O3 oxides were investigated from magnetic and structural point of view. The temperature dependence of the magnetic susceptibility experiences double diamagnetic transition. First diamagnetic-paramagnetic transition is connected with the superconductor-paramagnetic transition, and the second is connected with the diamagnetic-normal state transition of α- Al2O3 -amorphous and crystalline phase. The crystalline α- Al2O3 phase has the critical temperature T c (χ = 0) = 78 K and amorphous phase has the critical temperature much higher temperature T c (χ = 0)= 144 K.

Structural System and Conceptual Model Test of Solar Chimney

2010 ◽  
Vol 168-170 ◽  
pp. 1601-1610 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xing Qiang Zhang ◽  
Xing Fei Yuan ◽  
Li Min Li
Keyword(s):  
Prestressed Concrete ◽  
Conceptual Models ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Structural System ◽  
Constraint Condition ◽  
Solar Chimney ◽  
High Rise ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Structural Point

The solar chimney power station is a renewable energy system consisting of solar collector, wind turbine, and chimney. To improve the efficiency of energy generation, the higher chimney is the better. Considering the difference between the solar chimney and the traditional high-rise structure, the study on the chimney from the structural point of view is produced in this paper. The existing and planed chimneys are first introduced. Then the solar chimney is classified according to material, structural system, and constraint condition. Followed that, application of prestress technology including adoption of prestressed concrete, introduction of circumferential prestress, arrangement of stayed cable or cable net, and utilization of tensegrity system in the solar chimney is involved, which can improve the structural behavior of the chimney significantly. On this basis, conceptual models of three different structural systems are designed, and the performance of the models is tested under the horizontal force to show the effect of stayed cable and spokewise cable.

scholarly journals Two approaches to analyzing sociopolitical movements as a manifestation of the modern civilization crisis

2020 ◽  
pp. 42-54
Author(s):  
Viktor O. Melnikov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Technological Changes ◽  
Current Crisis ◽  
Historical Process ◽  
The Core ◽  
The World ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Life Phenomena

In social science, there are two approaches to analyzing sociopolitical movements as a manifestation of the modern civilization crisis. The difference between them lies in understanding of the human development process. The substantial approach seeks and finds a single basis in the historical process, and then deduces all social life phenomena from it. The non-substantial approach, on the contrary, considers that such a foundation (substance, essence) does not exist and, therefore, its search is meaningless. Following opposite methodological positions, the representatives of these two approaches variously explain the phenomena of social reality. For instance, from the standpoint of the non-substantial approach, the modern civilization crisis is declared to result from a combination of random factors: technological changes, the hegemony of one or another discourse, the change of the world hegemon in the core-peripheral relations, etc. Hence, from this point of view, the crisis becomes fundamentally inexplicable. Changes that have occurred in the nature of the organization, the forms of activity and the ideology of sociopolitical movements in this case also become random and, as a result, cannot be comprehensively explained. The substantial approach considers the modern crisis to be a result of objective processes taking place in the very foundation of society (primarily in the development of universal labor). Consequently, sociopolitical movements are a form of manifestation of this crisis. The paper emphasizes that differences of these approaches do not have a purely theoretical character, because it is about developing a strategy to overcome the current crisis of civilization, i.e. about the future of mankind.

Pleasure as a Sign of Efficacy of Mental Activity

1997 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 226-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michel Cabanac ◽  
Chantal Pouliot ◽  
James Everett
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary Psychology ◽  
Magnitude Estimation ◽  
Mental Activity ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Macintosh Computer ◽  
Science Students ◽  
Cognitive Efficiency ◽  
Sensory Pleasure ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Mental Tasks

Previous work has shown that sensory pleasure is both the motor and the sign of optimal behaviors aimed at physiological ends. From an evolutionary psychology point of view it may be postulated that mental pleasure evolved from sensory pleasure. Accordingly, the present work tested empirically the hypothesis that pleasure signals efficacious mental activity. In Experiment 1, ten subjects played video-golf on a Macintosh computer. After each hole they were invited to rate their pleasure or displeasure on a magnitude estimation scale. Their ratings of pleasure correlated negatively with the difference par minus performance, i.e., the better the performance the greater the pleasure reported. In Experiments 2 and 3, the pleasure of reading poems was correlated with comprehension, both rated by two groups of subjects, science students and arts students. In the majority of science students pleasure was significantly correlated with comprehension. Only one arts student showed this relationship; this result suggests that the proposed relationship between pleasure and cognitive efficiency is not tautological. Globally, the results support the hypothesis that pleasure is aroused by the same mechanisms, and follows the same laws, in physiological and cognitive mental tasks and also leads to the optimization of performance.

Masonry: the brittle or plastic material?

2019 ◽  
pp. 22-28
Keyword(s):  
Plastic Material ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Plastic Properties ◽  
Plastic Deformations ◽  
Base Materials ◽  
Stress States ◽  
Creep Deformations ◽  
Structural Point

The results of experimental studies of masonry on the action of dynamic and static (short-term and long-term) loads are presented. The possibility of plastic deformations in the masonry is analyzed for different types of force effects. The falsity of the proposed approach to the estimation of the coefficient of plasticity of masonry, taking into account the ratio of elastic and total deformations of the masonry is noted. The study of the works of Soviet scientists revealed that the masonry under the action of seismic loads refers to brittle materials in the complete absence of plastic properties in it in the process of instantaneous application of forces. For the cases of uniaxial and plane stress states of the masonry, data on the coefficient of plasticity obtained from the experiment are presented. On the basis of experimental studies the influence of the strength of the so-called base materials (brick, mortar) on the bearing capacity of the masonry, regardless of the nature of the application of forces and the type of its stress state, is noted. The analysis of works of prof. S. V. Polyakov makes it possible to draw a conclusion that at the long application of the load, characteristic for the masonry are not plastic deformations, but creep deformations. It is shown that the proposals of some authors on the need to reduce the level of adhesion of the mortar to the brick for the masonry erected in earthquake-prone regions in order to improve its plastic properties are erroneous both from the structural point of view and from the point of view of ensuring the seismic resistance of structures. It is noted that the proposal to assess the plasticity of the masonry of ceramic brick walls and large-format ceramic stone with a voidness of more than 20% is incorrect, and does not meet the work of the masonry of hollow material. On the basis of the analysis of a large number of research works it is concluded about the fragile work of masonry.

COMBINATORIAL POLYNOMIALLY COMPUTABLE CHARACTERISTICS OF SUBSTITUTIONS AND THEIR PROPERTIES

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 34-41
Author(s):  
VLADIMIR NIKONOV ◽  
◽  
ANTON ZOBOV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Expectation ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Small Range ◽  
Computational Point ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Bijective Function ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Element Base ◽  
Selection Of

The construction and selection of a suitable bijective function, that is, substitution, is now becoming an important applied task, particularly for building block encryption systems. Many articles have suggested using different approaches to determining the quality of substitution, but most of them are highly computationally complex. The solution of this problem will significantly expand the range of methods for constructing and analyzing scheme in information protection systems. The purpose of research is to find easily measurable characteristics of substitutions, allowing to evaluate their quality, and also measures of the proximity of a particular substitutions to a random one, or its distance from it. For this purpose, several characteristics were proposed in this work: difference and polynomial, and their mathematical expectation was found, as well as variance for the difference characteristic. This allows us to make a conclusion about its quality by comparing the result of calculating the characteristic for a particular substitution with the calculated mathematical expectation. From a computational point of view, the thesises of the article are of exceptional interest due to the simplicity of the algorithm for quantifying the quality of bijective function substitutions. By its nature, the operation of calculating the difference characteristic carries out a simple summation of integer terms in a fixed and small range. Such an operation, both in the modern and in the prospective element base, is embedded in the logic of a wide range of functional elements, especially when implementing computational actions in the optical range, or on other carriers related to the field of nanotechnology.

POLIVARIABILITY OF THE BASTARD MOTIF IN THE SHORT STORIES BY GUY DE MAUPASSANT: CHARACTER IN SEARCH OF SELF-IDENTIFICATION

2018 ◽  
pp. 20-27
Author(s):  
Oksana Galchuk
Keyword(s):  
Short Stories ◽  
Short Story ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Guy De Maupassant ◽  
Traditional Values ◽  
The Social ◽  
Role Of It ◽  
Structural Methods

The theme of illegitimacy Guy de Maupassant evolved in his works this article perceives as one of the factors of the author’s concept of a person and the plane of intersection of the most typical motifs of his short stories. The study of the author’s concept of a person through the prism of polivariability of the motif of a bastard is relevant in today’s revision of traditional values, transformation of the usual social institutions and search for identities, etc. The purpose of the study is to give a definition to the existence specifics of the bastard motif in the Maupassant’s short stories by using historical and literary, comparative, structural methods of analysis as dominant. To do this, I analyze the content, variability and the role of this motive in the formation of the Maupassant’s concept of a person, the author’s innovations in its interpretation from the point of view of literary diachrony. Maupassant interprets the bastard motif in the social, psychological and metaphorical-symbolic sense. For the short stories with the presentation of this motif, I suggest the typology based on the role of it in the structure of the work and the ideological and thematic content: the short stories with a motif-fragment, the ones with the bastard’s leitmotif and the group where the bastard motif becomes a central theme. The Maupassant’s interpretation of the bastard motif combines the general tendencies of its existence in the world’s literary tradition and individual reading. The latter is the result of the author’s understanding of the relevant for the era issues: the transformation of the family model, the interest in the theory of heredity, the strengthening of atheistic sentiments, the growth of frustration in the system of traditional social and moral values etc. This study sets the ground for a prospective analysis of the evolution the bastard motif in the short-story collections of different years or a comparative study of the motif in short stories and novels by Maupassant.

TO THE PROBLEMS OF COMBATING CORRUPTION IN MODERN RUSSIA AND INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION IN THE FIELD OF ANTI-CORRUPTION

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela Dranishnikova
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
The State ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Modern Life ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
Moral Point ◽  
Material Goods ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Government

In the article, the author reflects the existing problems of the fight against corruption in the Russian Federation. He focuses on the opacity of the work of state bodies, leading to an increase in bribery and corruption. The topic we have chosen is socially exciting in our days, since its significance is growing on a large scale at all levels of the investigated aspect of our modern life. Democratic institutions are being jeopardized, the difference in the position of social strata of society in society’s access to material goods is growing, and the state of society is suffering from the moral point of view, citizens are losing confidence in the government, and in the top officials of the state.

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