Associations of dietary patterns and abdominal obesity in the adult population. Results of the Russian epidemiological ESSE-RF study

Abdominal obesity (AO) is an alimentary-dependent risk factor, the development and prognosis of which is directly specified by eating habits.Aim. To study the associations of dietary patterns and AO among the adult Russian population.Material and methods. The analysis was carried out using representative samples of male and female population aged 25-64 years (n=19297; men, 7342; women, 11,955) from 13 Russian regions. The response was about 80%. Nutrition was assessed based on the prevalence of consumption of the main food groups forming the daily diet. Results are presented as odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals.Results. Men with AO, compared with men without AO, more often consume red meat and vegetables/fruits daily by 12% and 13%, respectively, as well as less often eat cereals and pasta, confectionery, sour cream, and cottage cheese by 17%, 24%, 14%, and 19%, respectively. In women with AO, compared to women without AO, there are more differences in the diet, as they more often daily consume red meat by 28%, fish and seafood by 26%, poultry by 23%, meat and sausages and fruits/vegetables by 14%, milk, kefir, yogurt by 11%, as well as less often — cereals and pasta, sweets, and sour cream by 11%, 14%, and 8%, respectively. In women with AO, the prevalence and amount of drinking beer and dry wines is lower, but they consume spirits more frequently (p=0,0001), but without significant differences in amount. Men with AO have a higher prevalence and amount of drinking dry and fortified wines, as well as strong alcoholic drinks. Men with AO drinks higher amount of beer. In addition, men with AO showed a positive association with alcohol consumption (χ=53,64, p<0,0001), while women with AO had a negative association (χ=28,64, p<0,0001). Cardioprotective eating habits are more often (17%) present among people with AO without sex differences.Conclusion. The study revealed significant differences in dietary patterns of persons with AO compared with those without AO, most pronounced in women.

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Association of alcohol consumption and dietary patterns in the adult population: data from the ESSE-RF study

CARDIOVASCULAR THERAPY AND PREVENTION ◽

10.15829/1728-8800-2021-2883 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 20 (4) ◽

pp. 2883

Author(s):

N. S. Karamnova ◽

A. I. Rytova ◽

O. B. Shvabskaya ◽

S. A. Shalnova ◽

S. A. Maksimov ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Alcohol Consumption ◽

Dietary Patterns ◽

Dairy Products ◽

Adult Population ◽

Red Meat ◽

Alcoholic Beverages ◽

Cottage Cheese ◽

Food Groups ◽

Female Population ◽

Fish Products

The alcohol consumption is associated with dietary patterns. Aim. To study the associations of alcohol consumption and dietary patterns in the adult population. Material and methods. The analysis was carried out using representative samples of male and female population aged 25-64 years (n=19437; men, 7306; women, 12131 women) from 13 Russian regions.The response rate was 80%. We assessed nutrition by the frequency of consuming basic food groups. The low alcohol intake (LI) category includes women and men who consume <42 g and <84 g, moderate consumption (MI) — 42 g and 84 g, high intake (HI) — 84 g and 168 g ethanol per week, respectively.Results. In comparison with men who do not drink alcohol, MI and HI category representatives more often consume red meat — by 22 and 36%, meat and sausages — by 37 and 48%, and less often: fish products — by 34 and 33%, cottage cheese — by 51 and 53%, respectively. More rare consumption of poultry is significant in the MI group, vegetables/fruits — in the HI group, sweets — in the LI group. Consumption of pickles, cereals, pasta, liquid dairy products, cheese and sour cream does not differ between the groups in men. Compared to women who do not drink alcohol, women in the LI, MI and HI groups significantly more often consume meat and sausages — by 16, 28 and 85%, respectively. Women of the LI and MI groups more often consume red meat — by 15 and 33%, confectionery — by 29 and 24%, less often: cereals — by 9 and 18%, legumes — by 44 and 53% and cottage cheese — by 19 and 44 %, respectively. Women of the LI category more often daily consume milk, kefir and yogurt — by 26%, and less often fish products — by 18%. Women of the HI group are less likely to consume fruits/vegetables. Consumption of poultry, pickles and cheese do not differ between groups among women.Conclusion. People who consume alcoholic beverages have a pronounced nutritional imbalance, characterized by a higher consumption of red meat, especially processed, high-fat dairy products, salt, and in women, confectionery.

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Cardioprotective diet: prevalence, associations and prevention reserves

Russian Journal of Cardiology ◽

10.15829/1560-4071-2020-3769 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 25 (6) ◽

pp. 3769

Author(s):

N. S. Karamnova ◽

S. A. Maksimov ◽

S. A. Shalnova ◽

O. B. Shvabskaya ◽

O. M. Drapkina

Keyword(s):

Abdominal Obesity ◽

Low Income ◽

Dietary Habits ◽

Eating Habits ◽

Adult Population ◽

Voronezh Oblast ◽

General Obesity ◽

Daily Consumption ◽

Female Population ◽

History Of

Most traditional risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) are diet dependent and are caused by an imbalanced nutrition. A healthy diet and individual eating habits have a significant protective effect against CVD.Aim. To study the prevalence of dietary habits with protective effects against CVD in the adult population.Material and methods. The analysis was performed using data of representative samples in 13 Russian regions of male and female population aged 25-64 years (n=19520; men — 7329, women — 12191). The response rate was about 80%. The diet was assessed by the frequency of consumption of certain foods. The cardioprotective diet included: daily consumption of vegetables and fruits, weekly — fish products, the use of only vegetable oils in cooking, and consumption of low-fat dairy. The presence of all 4 eating habits was considered Ideal Diet (ID), 1-3 habits — Intermediate Diet (ImD), none of listed habits — Bad Diet (BD).Results. The ImD was the most common — 85,8%. However, there were slight regional differences — from 80,1% in the Ivanovo Oblast to 91,0% in the Tyumen Oblast (p<0,001). The prevalence of ID was 7,0%; more common — among women (p<0,001), urban residents (p<0,001), people with higher education (p<0,001) and unemployed participants (p=0,016). It increases with age (p<0,001). The highest rate of ID was noted in St. Petersburg (13,8%) and Primorsky Krai (10,5%), the lowest — in the Volgograd (3,6%) and Tyumen Oblasts (3,5%), in the Republic of North Ossetia (3,4%). BD was more common in men (p<0,001), among people aged 25-34 years (p<0,001), less educated (p<0,001) and low-income (p<0,001) people. The prevalence of BD in the general population was 7,2% and varies from 3,1% in the Voronezh Oblast to 13,6% in the Volgograd Oblast. Individuals with hyperglycemia (50%), abdominal obesity (20%) and general obesity (18%), dyslipidemia (15%) and history of CVD (22%) were more likely to have ID. Persons with hyperglycemia (17%), abdominal obesity (13%), general obesity (11%), dyslipidemia (8%) and history of CVD (9%) were more likely to have ImD.Conclusion. A low prevalence of cardioprotective diet in the population was revealed. Only individual habits are widespread; however, a small part of Russians follow all cardioprotective habits.

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Association between dietary patterns and risk of breast cancer in Chinese female population: a latent class analysis

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980020004826 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-24

Author(s):

Shang Cao ◽

Shurong Lu ◽

Jinyi Zhou ◽

Zheng Zhu ◽

Wei Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Latent Class Analysis ◽

Dietary Patterns ◽

Latent Class ◽

Chinese Women ◽

Premenopausal Women ◽

Positive Association ◽

Class Analysis ◽

Female Population ◽

Soy Foods

ABSTRACT Objective: To determine if specific dietary patterns are associated with breast cancer risk in Chinese women. Design: Latent class analysis (LCA) was performed to identify generic dietary patterns based on daily food-frequency data. Setting: The Chinese Wuxi Exposure and Breast Cancer Study (2013-2014). Participants: A population-based case-control study (695 cases, 804 controls). Results: Four dietary patterns were identified, Prudent, Chinese traditional, Western, and Picky, the proportion in the controls and cases were 0.30/0.32/0.16/0.23 and 0.29/0.26/0.11/0.33, respectively. Women in Picky class were characterized by higher extreme probabilities of non-consumption on specific foods, the highest probabilities of consumption of pickled foods, and the lowest probabilities of consumption of cereals, soy foods, and nuts. Compared with Prudent class, Picky class was associated with a higher risk (OR=1.42, 95%CI=1.06, 1.90), while the relevant association was only in post- (OR=1.44, 95%CI=1.01, 2.05) but not premenopausal women. The Western class characterized by high-protein, -fat, and -sugar foods, the Chinese traditional class characterized by typical consumption of soy foods and white meat over red meat, both of them showed no difference in BC risk compared with Prudent class did. Conclusions: LCA capture the heterogeneity of individuals embedded in the population, could be a useful approach in the study of dietary pattern and disease. Our results indicated that the Picky class might have a positive association with the risk of breast cancer.

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Diet and general cognitive ability in the UK Biobank dataset

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-91259-3 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Piril Hepsomali ◽

John A. Groeger

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Ability ◽

Dietary Patterns ◽

Red Meat ◽

Milk Intake ◽

Special Focus ◽

General Cognitive Ability ◽

Food Groups ◽

Uk Biobank ◽

Wide Range ◽

The Uk

AbstractAccumulating evidence suggests that dietary interventions might have potential to be used as a strategy to protect against age-related cognitive decline and neurodegeneration, as there are associations between some nutrients, food groups, dietary patterns, and some domains of cognition. In this study, we aimed to conduct the largest investigation of diet and cognition to date, through systematically examining the UK Biobank (UKB) data to find out whether dietary quality and food groups play a role on general cognitive ability. This cross-sectional population-based study involved 48,749 participants. UKB data on food frequency questionnaire and cognitive function were used. Also, healthy diet, partial fibre intake, and milk intake scores were calculated. Adjusted models included age, sex, and BMI. We observed associations between better general cognitive ability and higher intakes of fish, and unprocessed red meat; and moderate intakes of fibre, and milk. Surprisingly, we found that diet quality, vegetable intake, high and low fibre and milk intake were inversely associated with general cognitive ability. Our results suggest that fish and unprocessed red meat and/or nutrients that are found in fish and unprocessed red meat might be beneficial for general cognitive ability. However, results should be interpreted in caution as the same food groups may affect other domains of cognition or mental health differently. These discrepancies in the current state of evidence invites further research to examine domain-specific effects of dietary patterns/food groups on a wide range of cognitive and affective outcomes with a special focus on potential covariates that may have an impact on diet and cognition relationship.

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Dietary Patterns Trend in Mexican Adolescent Population from 2006 to 2018, by Area of Residence

Current Developments in Nutrition ◽

10.1093/cdn/nzaa046_066 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽

pp. 566-566

Author(s):

Teresa Shamah-Levy ◽

Sonia Rodríguez-Ramírez ◽

Elsa Gaona-Pineda ◽

Edith Kim-Herrera ◽

Andrys Valdez-Sánchez

Keyword(s):

Urban Area ◽

Dietary Patterns ◽

Fruits And Vegetables ◽

Red Meat ◽

Leafy Vegetables ◽

Categorical Variables ◽

Processed Foods ◽

Food Groups ◽

Animal Products ◽

Adolescent Population

Abstract Objectives To analyze the dietary patterns trend in Mexican adolescent population from 2006 to 2018 by area of residence. Methods We analyzed information from four National Health and Nutrition Surveys in Mexico from 2006 to 2018. Dietary information was collected using a validated seven-day, semi-quantitative Food frequency questionnaire. We analyzed the consumption of different food groups: 1) Fruits and vegetables (g), 2) Red meat (consumption yes or not), 3) animal products (kcal), 4) sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) (kcal), and ultra-processed foods (kcal), according to NOVA classification. We estimated the Dietary Diversity Score (DDS), which was constructed based on 10 food groups consumed: 1) grains, roots, and tubers; 2) pulses; 3) nuts and seeds; 4) dairy; 5) meat, poultry and fish; 6) eggs; 7) dark green leafy vegetables; 8) other vitamin A-rich fruits and vegetables; 9) other vegetables; 10) other fruits. Food groups were assigned to 1 if any food item within the group was consumed, otherwise 0. We estimated the proportion of population with consumption of ≥ 400 g of fruits and vegetables/d, with ≥ 5 food groups (Minimum DDS) and percentage of consumers of red meat, and the contribution to the total energy of SSB, ultra-processed food and animal products (energy percentage). Demographic and socio-economic characteristics of sampled individuals such as sex, age, area and socio-economic status (SES) were obtained. The country was divided into urban and rural areas (≥2500 or < 2500 inhabitants, respectively). We used linear and logistic regression models to continuous and categorical variables, respectively. We analyzed difference by area. Results The percentage of population of Minimum DDS was lower in rural when compared with urban area by every year of survey (P < 0.05). The contribution of energy percentage from ultra-processed foods and animal products was lower in rural area than urban area (P < 0.05). The SSB contribution was similar in both areas. Conclusions Current findings show that the area of residence was associated with variations in the consumption of fruits, vegetables and red meat in Mexican adolescents. Consequently, interventions should focus on increasing healthy eating habits in this population, taking into account when designing preventive strategies the area of residence. Funding Sources Mexican Ministry of Health.

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Dietary patterns and breast-feeding in Australian children

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980011001030 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 14 (11) ◽

pp. 1939-1947 ◽

Cited By ~ 46

Author(s):

Jessica A Grieger ◽

Jane Scott ◽

Lynne Cobiac

Keyword(s):

Breast Feeding ◽

Dietary Patterns ◽

Dairy Products ◽

Principal Component ◽

Positive Association ◽

National Sample ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Principal Component Factor Analysis ◽

Food Groups ◽

Cross Sectional

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the dietary patterns of a national sample of 2–8-year-old Australian children and to establish whether breast-feeding is associated with dietary patterns in this age group.DesignCross-sectional study using 24 h recall data from the 2007 Australian National Children's Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey.SettingAustralia.SubjectsA total of 2287 children aged 2–8 years.ResultsPrincipal component factor analysis identified three distinct patterns. The ‘Non-core food groups’ pattern included food groups such as whole-fat dairy products, cheese, medium–high sugar-sweetened breakfast cereals and sweet biscuits, no fruit, reduced/low-fat dairy products and wholegrain bread/rolls. The ‘Healthy, meat and vegetable’ pattern included vegetables, red meat, fruit and wholegrain bread/rolls and was inversely associated with take-away foods and carbonated sugar-sweetened beverages. The ‘Combination’ pattern contained many food groups including candy (not chocolate based), pasta/rice products, nuts/seeds, cakes and chocolate, but no fruit or vegetables. Of the 2287 children, 2064 (89·3 %) had been breast-fed. A positive association was found between breast-feeding and the healthy, meat and vegetable pattern (r= 0·267) but not with the other two patterns. Higher scores on this pattern were also associated with younger age, lower BMI, higher birth weight, high likelihood of being in the less-disadvantaged Socio-economic Indexes for Areas category and less likelihood of the child's parents having a lower educational level.ConclusionsThese results provide suggestive evidence that breast-feeding during infancy is associated with a healthy dietary pattern in childhood and offers a likely pathway to explain the previously reported association between breast-feeding and chronic disease.

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Eating habits among the Omsk Oblast population and poor nutrition in association with cardiovascular diseases according to the ESSE-RF2 study

Russian Journal of Cardiology ◽

10.15829/1560-4071-2021-4383 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (5) ◽

pp. 4383

Author(s):

I. A. Viktorova ◽

V. L. Stasenko ◽

N. G. Shirlina ◽

G. A. Muromtseva ◽

M. A. Livzan

Keyword(s):

Cardiovascular Diseases ◽

Dairy Products ◽

Dietary Habits ◽

Eating Habits ◽

Daily Intake ◽

Red Meat ◽

Cottage Cheese ◽

Omsk Oblast ◽

Fresh Vegetables ◽

Vegetables And Fruits

Aim. To assess the prevalence of eating habits among the Omsk Oblast population and their association with cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) according to the ESSERF2 study.Material and methods. In the ESSE-RF2 study with persons aged 25-64 years (random sample, n=1648), the dietary habits of 21 food groups were assessed using the questionnaire method. Results. Insufficient consumption of vegetables and fruits was revealed in 60,0% and 68,7% of the region’s population, which is 1,5-2,2 times higher than amongRussians. The daily intake of cereals is 2,3 times higher than that of pasta, especially in those with CVDs. In the region, poultry is preferred. Poultry at least once a week is consumed by 91,7% of Omsk residents, red meat — 74,8%, and fish — only 35,2% (vs 84,7%, 83,1% and 65,1% in Russians, respectively). The daily intake of liquid dairy products is low. Cheese and cottage cheese is consumed significantly lower than the national average, while legumes — 4 times lower. The presence of confectionery in the daily diet of 40,3% of Omsk residents looks more favorable than the average among Russians. In addition, 50% of the population eat pickles only 1-2 times a month (significantly less than in Russia). On the contrary, 60,9% of Omsk residents regularly (daily-weekly) consume meat and sausages (56,0% in Russia, p=0,000). Omsk residents with CVDs refrain from excessive consumption of sugar, other sweets, meat and sausages, pickles and marinades. They are almost 2 times more likely to exclude red meat from the diet or reduce its daily consumption than people without CVDs. Salting of cooked food, consumption of vegetables and fruits, fish, seafood and dairy products practically did not depend on CVDs.Conclusion. The food habits of Omsk residents differs from the national one in many products. People with CVDs have unfavorable eating habits: reduced consumption of fresh vegetables, fruits, fish, seafood, legumes and nuts. Patients do not change their diet in favor of cardioprotective products and decrease in adding more salt. Although, they more often refuse meat and sausages, pickles, marinades, sweets, and pasta, and increase the consumption of cereals.

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Association of dietary patterns with BMI and waist circumference in a low-income neighbourhood in Brazil

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s0007114510001479 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 104 (6) ◽

pp. 908-913 ◽

Cited By ~ 51

Author(s):

Diana Barbosa Cunha ◽

Renan Moritz Varnier Rodrigues de Almeida ◽

Rosely Sichieri ◽

Rosangela Alves Pereira

Keyword(s):

Waist Circumference ◽

Low Income ◽

Dietary Patterns ◽

Eating Habits ◽

Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Positive Association ◽

Population Based ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Protective Role ◽

Cross Sectional

Traditional analysis of food intake usually fails to show an association between energy and nutrient intake and indicators of obesity. The analysis of food patterns can contribute to the understanding of the association between eating habits and anthropometric indicators. A population-based cross-sectional study was carried out on a low-income neighbourhood in the Rio de Janeiro metropolitan area, and 1009 subjects between 20 and 65 years of age completed an FFQ. Dietary patterns were identified by means of factor analysis, and their associations with BMI and waist circumference (WC) were ascertained by applying a linear regression analysis. Three main dietary patterns were identified: a mixed pattern, which included cereals, fish and shrimp, vegetables, roots, fruits, eggs, meat and caffeinated beverages; a Western pattern, which consisted of ‘fast foods’, soft drinks, juices, cakes, cookies, milk and dairy, sweets and snacks; a traditional pattern, which included rice, beans, bread, sugar, fats and salad dressings. After adjusting for age and energy intake, we found that the traditional dietary pattern was inversely associated with BMI (β = − 1·14, P < 0·001) and WC (β = − 14·9, P = 0·002) among females. Additionally, a positive association between the Western pattern and WC (β = 12·8, P = 0·02) was observed for females. A diet based on rice and beans may have a protective role against weight gain in women.

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Processed red meat contribution to dietary patterns and the associated cardio-metabolic outcomes

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s0007114517002008 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 118 (3) ◽

pp. 222-228 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Yvonne M. Lenighan ◽

Anne P. Nugent ◽

Kaifeng F. Li ◽

Lorraine Brennan ◽

Janette Walton ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factor ◽

Dietary Patterns ◽

Meat Consumption ◽

Red Meat ◽

Healthy Eating Index ◽

Food Groups ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Metabolic Outcomes ◽

Food Consumption Survey ◽

Processed Red Meat

AbstractEvidence suggests that processed red meat consumption is a risk factor for CVD and type 2 diabetes (T2D). This analysis investigates the association between dietary patterns, their processed red meat contributions, and association with blood biomarkers of CVD and T2D, in 786 Irish adults (18–90 years) using cross-sectional data from a 2011 national food consumption survey. All meat-containing foods consumed were assigned to four food groups (n 502) on the basis of whether they contained red or white meat and whether they were processed or unprocessed. The remaining foods (n 2050) were assigned to twenty-nine food groups. Two-step and k-means cluster analyses were applied to derive dietary patterns. Nutrient intakes, plasma fatty acids and biomarkers of CVD and T2D were assessed. A total of four dietary patterns were derived. In comparison with the pattern with lower contributions from processed red meat, the dietary pattern with greater processed red meat intakes presented a poorer Alternate Healthy Eating Index (21·2 (sd 7·7)), a greater proportion of smokers (29 %) and lower plasma EPA (1·34 (sd 0·72) %) and DHA (2·21 (sd 0·84) %) levels (P<0·001). There were no differences in classical biomarkers of CVD and T2D, including serum cholesterol and insulin, across dietary patterns. This suggests that the consideration of processed red meat consumption as a risk factor for CVD and T2D may need to be re-assessed.

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Food Involvement, Eating Restrictions and Dietary Patterns in Polish Adults: Expected Effects of Their Relationships (LifeStyle Study)

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu12041200 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (4) ◽

pp. 1200 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Marzena Jezewska-Zychowicz ◽

Jerzy Gębski ◽

Milena Kobylińska

Keyword(s):

Dietary Patterns ◽

Eating Behaviors ◽

Eating Habits ◽

Meat Products ◽

Principal Component ◽

Fruit And Vegetables ◽

Food Groups ◽

Fast Foods ◽

Unhealthy Eating ◽

Food Involvement

Understanding the factors that coexist with healthy and unhealthy eating behaviors is prevalent and important for public health. The aim of this study was to investigate the associations between food involvement, eating restrictions, and dietary patterns in a representative sample of Polish adults. The study was conducted among a group of 1007 adults. Questions with the answers yes or no were used to obtain the data regarding eating restrictions. Data relating to food involvement were obtained with the Food Involvement Scale (FIS). Questions from the Beliefs and Eating Habits questionnaire were used to measure the frequency of consumption of different food groups. Five dietary patterns (DPs) were derived using principal component analysis (PCA), i.e., ‘Fruit and vegetables’, ‘Wholemeal food’, ‘Fast foods and sweets’, ‘Fruit and vegetable juices’ and “Meat and meat products’. In each of the DPs, three groups of participants were identified based on tertile distribution with the upper tertile denoting the most frequent consumption. Nearly two-thirds of the study sample declared some restrictions in food consumption. The probability of implementing restrictions in consumption of foods high in sugar, fat and high-fat foods increased in the upper tertile of ‘Fruit and vegetables’ and ‘Wholemeal’ DPs. Moreover, the probability of implementing restrictions in consumption of meat and high-starch products increased in ‘Wholemeal’ DP. The probability of using eating restrictions decreased in the upper tertile of ‘Fast foods and sweets’ and Meat and meat products’ DPs. In conclusion, individuals characterized by high food involvement were more inclined to use eating restrictions than individuals with lower food involvement. Their DPs were also healthier compared to those of individuals manifesting low food involvement. Therefore, promoting personal commitment to learning about and experiencing food may be an effective way of inducing a change of eating habits, and therefore a healthier diet.

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