scholarly journals Antioxidant Defense System Alternations in Four Crab Species as a Bio-Indicator of Environmental Contamination

2019 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 73
Author(s):  
Aderonke Omolara LAWAL-ARE ◽  
Rasheed Olatunji MORUF ◽  
Sarah Oyeyinka OLUSEYE-ARE ◽  
Tajudeen Opeyemi ISOLA
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Defense Mechanism ◽  
Heavy Metal Concentration ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Pollution Indices ◽  
Crab Species ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Lagos Lagoon ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
High Level

The ecological health status of aquatic environment is a determinant for the survival and growth of organisms within such niche. An investigative study was carried out on four crab species – Cardiosoma armatum, Goniopsis pelli, Callinectes amnicola, Portunus validusinhabiting contaminated sites in Lagos Lagoon- exploring their anti-oxidant defense mechanism in the light of heavy metal concentration in the crab tissues. Amongst the measured heavy metals, cadmium level proved to be significantly highest (P<0.05) with range concentration of 0.42±0.12mg/kg (G. pelli)- 0.79±0.06 mg/kg (C. armatum). Contrastingly, lead was marginally low with concentration below 0.01 mg/kg in all the crab species. Organismal responses to environmental pollution showed a high level of biomarkers. C. armatum was observed to have elevated level of superoxide dismutase (123.04±0.01min/mg/pro), catalase (7.74±0.05min/mg/pro), glutathion transferase (18.21±0.02 Hmol/mg pro), reduced glutathione (2.92±0.04Hmol/mg pro) and glutathione peroxidase (61.85±0.06 Hmol/mg pro) above other species with C. amnicola recording the lowest concentration of the biomarkers. With the low level of heavy metals and corresponding high concentration of these biomarkers, the pollution indices within the study habitat are quite modest.

ASSESSMENT OF HEAVY METAL CONCENTRATION IN COCONUT WATER

1970 ◽  
pp. 07-10
Author(s):  
MdDidarul Islam, Ashiqur Rahaman, Aboni Afrose
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Heavy Metal Concentration ◽  
Coconut Water ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metals ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metal ◽  
Low Concentration ◽  
Wet Ashing ◽  
Aas Method

This study was based on determining concentration of essential and toxic heavy metal in coconut water available at a local Hazaribagh area in Dhaka, Bangladesh. All essential minerals, if present in the drinking water at high concentration or very low concentration, it has negative actions. In this study, fifteen samples and eight heavy metals were analyzed by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS) method which was followed by wet ashing digestion method. The concentration obtained in mg/l were in the range of 0.3 to 1.5, 7.77 to 21.2, 0 to 0.71, 0 to 0.9, 0 to 0.2, 0.9 to 17.3, 0.1 to 0.9, 0 to 0.9 and 0 to 0.7 for Fe, Ni, Cu, Cd, Cr, Zn, Pb and Se respectively. From this data it was concluded that any toxic heavy metals like Cd, Cr, Pb and Ni exceed their toxicity level and some essential nutrients were in low concentration in those samples. 

Peculiarities of Recultivating the Ash Dump of Power Station-1 in the City of Khabarovsk

2014 ◽  
Vol 1051 ◽  
pp. 444-447
Author(s):  
A.A. Suprunova ◽  
L.T. Krupskaya ◽  
T.G. Borzenkova
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Power Station ◽  
Migration Intensity ◽  
Strong Winds ◽  
High Level ◽  
The City

The article presents the results of the research work on the peculiarities of recultivation of the ash dumps of power station No1 (PS1) in the city of Khabarovsk. The research showed that the climatic conditions of the region promote the dust dispersal of toxic agents from the surface of the ash dump. The pollution of the air basin here can be attributed to the extremely high level of pollution (EHP), the priority pollutant is the dust containing heightened concentrations of heavy metals (Pb, Mn, Cu, Cr, Co, Ni, Cd). As a result it leads to the deterioration of the population’s health, especially to the high level of respiratory organs diseases. The research of the sprouting of the herbaceous plants (mixture of timothy-grass, clover and mustard) on prepared model soils showed their healthy growth. The ash chemical composition was studied. It showed high concentration of toxic chemical elements (Hg, Be, Sr, Cd, V, Th, 40K, Cr, Mb, AS, Sb,Se, Te, Pb, Ni, Co). The migration intensity of heavy metals ions into the plants was analyzed. On the basis of the experimental research the optimum composition of the substrate was revealed and recommended for recultivating the ash dump of PS1, namely: soil+sand+ash. Climatic conditions of the Khabarovsk Krai do not permit to recommend the sand+ash substrate for recultivation because of strong winds.

scholarly journals Assessment of Pollution Trend of Oke Afa Canal Lagos, Nigeria

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 605-611 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Olowu ◽  
O. O. Ayejuyo ◽  
G. O. Adewuyi ◽  
I. A. Adejoro ◽  
T. A. Akinbola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Water Body ◽  
Organic Load ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Canal Water ◽  
Physiochemical Properties ◽  
Permissible Level ◽  
High Level ◽  
Very High ◽  
Significant Concentration

The physiochemical properties of Oke Afa water body were investigated. The parameters were compared with established international standard (APCELS). The canal water contained very high concentration of BOD (64.8±11.3 mg/L) and COD (107.8±22.3 mg/L) which would suggest the presence of a high level of organic load that result in the pollution of the canals. Significant concentration of TSS ranging from (92±100 mg/L), SO42-(9.84±5.59 mg/L), PO43-(0.66±0.33 mg/L), Cl (37±2.84 mg/L), NO3-(2.63±0.6 mg/L) and DO (0.96±0.15 mg/L) were observed. Low concentration of zinc and copper were observed except lead that has a higher concentration above the allowed permissible level at a point B of the sampling sites. Some heavy metals were not detected at all in all the sampled points of the canal. The pH and temperature were fairly constant and the values of conductivity reveal a slight decline in the ability of the water to conduct electricity down the canal. All the detected parameters fell within limits except Lead.

scholarly journals Protecting Children’S Health Against Environmental Exposure to Heavy Metals – Theory Versus Practice

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-20
Author(s):  
Klaudia Gut ◽  
Małgorzata Bołdys-Labocha ◽  
Agata Piekut
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Normative Values ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Medical Problems ◽  
Limit Values ◽  
Lead And Zinc ◽  
Theory Versus ◽  
Cadmium Lead ◽  
High Level

Abstract The high level of heavy metals is one of the main indicators of soil contamination, which is a significant risk to ecological and health safety. Lack of regulations requiring the examination of the level of contamination in the areas where recreational facilities for children are located directly translate into the lack of preventive or corrective actions and leads to the persistence of a permanent threat connected with a high level of heavy metals concentration in soils. The aim of the study was to identify significant sources of exposure of children to heavy metals depending on the location of recreational areas (sports fields). The results show a high concentration of cadmium, lead and zinc in the analysed soils. Of all samples, more than 70% of them have values exceeding the limit values of cadmium in soils. In the case of lead and zinc, the normative values were exceeded, respectively, in 44% and 64% of soil samples. Practical solutions introduced in the framework of regulations related to environmental protection do not correlate in practice with an extensive obligation to protect the health of children and adolescents, whose performance is clearly focused on medical problems, disregarding the risk resulting from environmental factors.

scholarly journals Microscopical Characters, Heavy Metals Level and Histopathological Effects of Lawsonia inermis L. Leaves in Female Mice

2020 ◽  
pp. 8-15
Author(s):  
Hanin N. Mughrbi ◽  
Surur A. Ahmed ◽  
Sakina S. Saadawi ◽  
Mukhtar R. Haman ◽  
Laila A. Ghashout ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Microscopical Study ◽  
Histopathological Study ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Lawsonia Inermis ◽  
Female Mice ◽  
Biotechnology Research ◽  
Anomocytic Stomata ◽  
High Level

Aims: The study is intended to compare the freshly collected henna (Lawsonia inermis L.) and the market henna in term of microscopical key elements and heavy metals contamination.  Moreover, this study is aimed to investigate the effect of henna and its oily additives on kidney histology in female mice. Study Design: Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tripoli and Animals House, Biotechnology Research Center in 2010. Methodology: The powders of collected and market henna have been subjected to a microscopical study with magnification of 5x then 40 x to investigate the henna key elements, which are calcium oxalate clusters, anomocytic stomata, starch grains and fibers. Three elements: arsenic (As), mercury (Hg) and lead (Pd) were analyzed by atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAs) for the collected and market henna. For histopathological study, an aqueous extracts of L. inermis leaves and L. inermis leaves-oils were prepared by maceration. Eighteen female Albino Wister mice (3-4-months, 20-25 gm) were injected with the prepared extracts subcutaneously by dose 50 ml/kg/day for 5 days. Kidneys were collected and subjected to histopathological study. Results: From this study, the microscopical investigation exhibited the presence of some elements which are never mentioned as the henna key elements. Both market and collected henna were contaminated with a high level of heavy metals specially lead (Pd). The histopathological findings implied that there are many histological changes on the kidney tissues such as aggregation of round cells and congestion of blood vessels. Conclusion: The market henna might be adulterated with other types of plant. The presence of a high concentration of lead (Pd) in the collected henna as well as the market henna might be considered as the cause of some L. inermis adverse effects. L. inermis leaves and L. inermis leaves-oils aqueous extracts implied many abnormalities in the kidney tissues.

scholarly journals Spatial variability of heavy metal concentration in urban pavement joints – A case study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Collin J. Weber ◽  
Alexander Santowski ◽  
Peter Chifflard
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Inner City ◽  
Spatial Variability ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Heavy Metal Concentration ◽  
Pollution Indices ◽  
Geochemical Background ◽  
Sampling Points

Abstract. Heavy metals are known to be among the one of the major environmental pollutants especially in urban areas and, as is generally known, can pose environmental risks as well as direct risks to humans. This study deals with the spatial distribution of heavy metals in different pavement joints in the inner-city area of Marburg (Hesse, Germany). Pavement joints, defined as the joint between paving stones and filled with different materials, have so far hardly been considered as anthropogenic urban soils. Nevertheless, they have an important role as possible sites of infiltration for surface runoff accumulation areas, and are therefore a key feature of urban water regimes. In order to investigate the spatial variability of heavy metals in pavement joints, a geospatial sampling approach was carried out on six inner-city sampling sites, followed by heavy metals analyses via ICP-MS, and additional pH and organic matter analyses. To obtain a risk assessment of heavy metal pollution, different pollution indices were calculated based on regional geochemical background values. Pavement joints examined consist mainly of basaltic gravel, sands, organic material and anthropogenic artefacts (e.g., glass, plastics) with an average joint size of 0.89 cm and a vertical depth of 2–10 cm. In general, the pavement joint material shows high organic matter loads (average 11.0 % by mass) and neutral to alkaline pH values. Besides high Al and Fe content, the heavy metals Cr, Ni, Cd and Pb are mainly responsible for the contamination of pavement joints. From the Geo-accumulation Index, the pollution in pavement joints regarding those metals, can be considered as moderate to high. Deterioration of soil quality was reported according to the Pollution Load Index (PLI) for 82.8 % of all sampling points, as well as a very strong potential Ecological Risk (RI) for 27.6 % of the points. The identified spatial pattern of maximum heavy metal loads in pavement joints, could not be attributed solely to traffic emissions, as commonly reported for urban areas. Higher concentrations were detected at runoff accumulation areas (e.g., drainage gutters), and at the lowest sampling points with high drainage accumulation tendencies. Additional Spearman correlation analyses show clear positive correlation between runoff accumulation value and PLI or RI index (rsp = 0.83; p 

scholarly journals Co-occurrence Interaction Networks of Extremophile Species Living in a Copper Mining Tailing

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel Galvez ◽  
Jaime Ortega ◽  
Fernanda Fredericksen ◽  
Victor Aliaga-Tobar ◽  
Valentina Parra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Heavy Metal Concentration ◽  
Positive Interactions ◽  
Copper Mining ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Representative Sampling ◽  
Operational Taxonomic Units ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Abundance And Diversity

Copper mining tailings are characterized by high concentrations of heavy metals and an acidic pH, conditions that require an extreme adaptation for any organism. Currently, several bacterial species have been isolated and characterized from mining environments; however, very little is known about the structure of microbial communities and how their members interact with each other under the extreme conditions where they live. This work generates a co-occurrence network, representing the bacterial soil community from the Cauquenes copper tailing, which is the largest copper waste deposit worldwide. A representative sampling of six zones from the Cauquenes tailing was carried out to determine pH, heavy metal concentration, total DNA extraction, and subsequent assignment of Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs). According to the elemental concentrations and pH, the six zones could be grouped into two sectors: (1) the “new tailing,” characterized by neutral pH and low concentration of elements, and (2) the “old tailing,” having extremely low pH (~3.5) and a high concentration of heavy metals (mainly copper). Even though the abundance and diversity of species were low in both sectors, the Pseudomonadaceae and Flavobacteriaceae families were over-represented. Additionally, the OTU identifications allowed us to identify a series of bacterial species with diverse biotechnological potentials, such as copper bioleaching and drought stress alleviation in plants. Using the OTU information as a template, we generated co-occurrence networks for the old and new tailings. The resulting models revealed a rearrangement between the interactions of members living in the old and new tailings, and highlighted conserved bacterial drivers as key nodes, with positive interactions in the network of the old tailings, compared to the new tailings. These results provide insights into the structure of the soil bacterial communities growing under extreme environmental conditions in mines.

scholarly journals Testing heavy metals biomonitoring through birds of prey as top predators

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentina Cumbo ◽  
Francesco Galluzzo ◽  
Gaetano Cammilleri ◽  
Antonio Vella ◽  
Andrea Macaluso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Control Unit ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Natural Systems ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Top Predators ◽  
Conservation Actions ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry ◽  
High Level

The Experimental Zooprophyilactic Institute of Sicily has great opportunities and validated methods (accreditated by the national control unit ACCREDIA) for biodiversity monitoring and analysis of fauna samples. The fauna recovery centers of Bosco di Ficuzza (Palermo) and Colli San Rizzo (Messina) routinely send dead specimens to the Institute to perform every category of analysis for both medical and veterinary purpose. Measuring heavy metals concentrations in top predators is a strong indicator for territory and biodiversity health monitoring to take management and conservation actions for natural systems. In this study, two specimens of the Common buzzard (Buteo buteo L., Accipitridae) were investigated for Cd, Fe and Pb content by an Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) method. Results show that in one sample only Pb levels exceed cut-off values in organs like the liver, kidney and muscle with a concentration of 0,005 mg/Kg. This is probably a cause of prey ingestion killed by lead pellets. In the other sample the only high level was for Fe with a concentration of 0,386 mg/Kg. According to literature (Scheuhammer 1987), Pb present in plumage is probably a reflection of external pollution and it not depends on diet, while its high concentration in internal organs is directly related to ingestion of lead pellets during consumption of preys killed by them.

scholarly journals Heavy metals in Bushmeat from New-Bussa and its environs, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 667-671
Author(s):  
K.M. Adelakun ◽  
A.S. Kehinde ◽  
D.A. Joshua ◽  
A.O. Ibrahim ◽  
T.G. Akinade
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Heavy Metal Concentration ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Muscle Tissues ◽  
Bush Meat ◽  
Meat Samples ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Comparative Study ◽  
Sylvicapra Grimmia

Bushmeat have provided complimentary protein for human population across the world over the centuries. This study assessed the concentration of heavy metals in bushmeats in New Bussa and its environs. Three carcass of bush meat (Kobus kob (Kob), Tragelaphus scriptus (Bushbuck) and Sylvicapra grimmia (Duiker)) were sourced from the study area. The carcass was digested and concentrations of nine heavy metals (Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, Pb, Cr, Ni, Co and Cd) were determined using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). Results obtained for the heavy metal analysis were subjected to one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) while Pearson’s correlation was used to determine the relationship in the samples. The heavy metal concentration in muscle tissues of the selected bushmeat revealed that zinc with 815.00±13.00 mg/kg in Kob was the highest mean value of all meat samples, followed by Iron (479.00±10.00 mg/kg) in Duiker while Pb level in Bushbuck 213.00±3.00 mg/kg is outrageously the highest. Copper, Chromium and Nickel did not exceed the permissible limits as set by FEPA/WHO. The concentration pattern of heavy metals in bush meat show that Sylvicapra grimmia and Tragelaphus scriptus had the same pattern of Zn>Fe>Pb>Cr>Mn>Cu>Co>Ni>Cd concentration while Kobus kob pattern of  association is Zn>Fe>Cr>Pb>Ni>Cu>Co>Cd>Mn. The comparative study of the heavy metal concentrations revealed that Zinc (Zn) recorded the highest frequency, followed by Iron (Fe) and Lead (Pb). This study has shown that high level of Pb in the samples from the study area is a matter of concern in bush meat consumption in the study area; hence people should be warned of impending danger in the consumption of heavy metals contaminated bush meat. Keywords: Bushmeat, heavy metals, concentration, toxicity, contaminated

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document