scholarly journals Introduction pages

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. I-XI
Author(s):  
Radu E. SESTRAS
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Rubus Idaeus ◽  
Hybrid Breeding ◽  
Pyrus Pyrifolia ◽  
Compatibility Analysis ◽  
Population Structure Analysis ◽  
Biochemical Characterisation ◽  
Cross Compatibility ◽  
Heterotic Hybrid ◽  
Tomato Cultivars

Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca (NBHA), Issue 3, Volume 47, 2019: The papers published in this issue Vol 47 No 3 (2019) represent new exciting researches in different topics of life science, respectively in plant science, horticulture, agronomy and crop science. Among the interesting articles we invite you to find news about the ecology, cultivation and utilization of the aromatic Greek oregano (Origanum vulgare L.); phytochemical and antioxidant properties of fresh fruits and some traditional products of wild grown raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.); biochemical characterisation and sensory evaluation of differently coloured and shaped tomato cultivars; tyrosinase inhibitory and antioxidant activity of wild Prunus spinosa L. fruit extracts as natural source of bioactive compounds; cross compatibility analysis to identify suitable parents of Tagetes erecta and T. patula for heterotic hybrid breeding; genetic diversity and population structure analysis of sand pear (Pyrus pyrifolia) ‘Nakai’ varieties using SSR and AFLP markers. Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca journal has moved to online-only publication at the start of 2017; beginning in 2019, the journal appears quarterly. At the same time, we maintain our standard publication, as printed form, with ‘classic’ style - volume, issue, pagination.

scholarly journals Biochemical Characterisation and Sensory Evaluation of Differently Coloured and Shaped Tomato Cultivars

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aylin Celile OLUK ◽  
Atilla ATA ◽  
Mustafa ÜNLÜ ◽  
Ebru YAZICI ◽  
Zafer KARAŞAHİN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Sensory Evaluation ◽  
Total Phenolic Content ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean Region ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Biochemical Characterisation ◽  
Tomato Cultivars ◽  
Β Carotene

Antioxidant capacity, total phenolic content, colour, sugar, volatiles, ascorbic acid and carotenoid (β-carotene and lycopene) contents of differently coloured and shaped tomato cultivars (cvs) grown in the Eastern Mediterranean region, Turkey were determined, along with a sensory evaluation. Tomato cultivars of two different types (cherry and beefsteak) and four different colours (red, yellow, orange and brown) were analysed. All plants were simultaneously grown in the same field and subjected to identical horticultural practices to minimise the effects of environmental conditions and to maximise those related to genotype. The red cherry cultivar had the highest lycopene content, while the orange beefsteak cultivar had the highest β-carotene content. The highest antioxidant capacity, total phenolic content and hardness scores were found in cherry-type tomatoes, except the yellow one. The red cherry cultivar had the highest sugar content. Red and brown cherry cultivars were also significant in terms of their high carotenoid and sugar contents, along with a high antioxidant activity. The brown cherry cultivar had the highest total phenol content. The highest quantities of 2-hexenal, 3-hexen-1-ol, and 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one were detected in red cultivars. The brown cherry cultivar had the highest sweetness, typical aroma and hardness scores, while the yellow beefsteak cultivars the lowest sweetness typical aroma scores. In terms of sensory parameters, red and brown cultivars scored higher than yellow and orange ones.   ********* In press - Online First. Article has been peer reviewed, accepted for publication and published online without pagination. It will receive pagination when the issue will be ready for publishing as a complete number (Volume 47, Issue 3, 2019). The article is searchable and citable by Digital Object Identifier (DOI). DOI link will become active after the article will be included in the complete issue. *********

scholarly journals Cross Compatibility Analysis to Identify Suitable Parents of Tagetes erecta and T. patula for Heterotic Hybrid Breeding

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Huali ZHANG ◽  
Haibo XIN ◽  
Richen CONG ◽  
Zijing LI ◽  
Lina SONG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Male Parent ◽  
Hybrid Breeding ◽  
Interspecific Crosses ◽  
Tagetes Erecta ◽  
Seed Setting ◽  
Cross Compatibility ◽  
Ray Florets ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Seed Setting Rate

Seven interspecific crosses of Tagetes erecta × T. patula were conducted in this study. The cross compatibility index, seed setting rate, germination rate, phenotype, ploidy level, heterosis over male parent and field performance were tested. The results showed that different cross compatibility indices of Tagetes vary greatly, from 10.44~114.41, which is far less than that of the intraspecific hybridization S-121 × I-506 index. The seed setting rate of each cross ranged from 15.67% to 49.0%, and the cross S-121 × TP-512 scored the highest seed setting rate, which was higher than that of the intraspecific cross S-121 × I-506 (35.85%). Compared with the male parent, F1 has higher plant height, wider crown width, larger flower diameter and more ray florets and earlier bloom with two exceptions. The S-121 of T. erecta was diploid. All of the male parents of T. patula were tetraploids, and the combinations were triploids. The traits of plant height, plant width, flower size and number of ray florets showed positive heterosis over the male parents, and the days leading to flowering showed both positive and negative ones. Finally, S-121 × TP-379 and S-121 × TP-512 were selected as the two best combinations. This study confirmed that the two species of marigold could be crossed for better F1 varieties with improved performance.   ********* In press - Online First. Article has been peer reviewed, accepted for publication and published online without pagination. It will receive pagination when the issue will be ready for publishing as a complete number (Volume 47, Issue 3, 2019). The article is searchable and citable by Digital Object Identifier (DOI). DOI link will become active after the article will be included in the complete issue. *********

scholarly journals Genetic Diversity and Population Structure Analysis of Sand Pear (Pyrus pyrifolia) ‘Nakai’ Varieties Using SSR and AFLP Markers

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 970-979 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie CAO ◽  
Zhongcheng ZHOU ◽  
Junfan TU ◽  
Shuiyuan CHENG ◽  
Jinglei YAO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
Aflp Markers ◽  
Pyrus Pyrifolia ◽  
Aflp Analysis ◽  
Pyrus Pyrifolia Nakai ◽  
Content Index ◽  
Population Structure Analysis ◽  
Simple Sequence ◽  
Combined Data

In this study, the technologies of simple sequence repeat (SSR) and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers were used to analyze the genetic diversity of 30 sand pear (Pyrus pyrifolia) ‘Nakai’ varieties. Ten pairs of SSR polymorphic primers were selected to amplify P. pyrifolia ‘Nakai’ varieties. A total of 90 alleles were detected. The polymorphism information content index was between 0.5578 and 0.8423, with an average of 0.7585. The selected 10 pairs of AFLP primer combinations were used to amplify the analyzed pear varieties, and 1,046 polymorphic loci were detected. The average amplification results of each primer combination detected 105 bands with an average polymorphism percentage of 86.46%. The combined data of SSR and AFLP analysis showed that the analyzed P. pyrifolia ‘Nakai’ varieties were characterized by extremely rich genetic diversity and were highly representative. According to the results of SSR, AFLP, and SSR+AFLP cluster analysis, the analyzed P. pyrifolia ‘Nakai’ varieties can be categorized into three clusters. The results of genetic structure showed that the hybridization between these P. pyrifolia ‘Nakai’ varieties resulted in the heterozygosity of genotypes. In addition, we found that ‘Nijisseik’, ‘Ejima’, and ‘Fuli’ are good parent resources among the pear varieties through observing the genetic background of the analyzed pear varieties. This study reveals the genetic diversity levels of P. pyrifolia ‘Nakai’ varieties at the molecular level, which was important in molecular identification and protection of pear germplasm resources, as well as pear variety breeding and genetic improvement.

scholarly journals Phytochemical Characterization of Commercial Processed Blueberry, Blackberry, Blackcurrant, Cranberry, and Raspberry and Their Antioxidant Activity

Antioxidants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 540 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoriţa Diaconeasa ◽  
Cristian I. Iuhas ◽  
Huseyin Ayvaz ◽  
Dumitriţa Rugină ◽  
Andreea Stanilă ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Rubus Idaeus ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Subsequent Storage

Being delicious and containing strong disease-fighting agents, berries represent an increasing proportion of fruits consumed nowadays in our diet. However, berries are highly perishable as fresh and, therefore, they are usually processed into various products to extend their shelf-life and availability throughout the year. Among the fruit-containing products, jam is one of the most common due to its nourishing properties, its low production costs, and its accessibility for a lengthy period. Rather than home preparation, consumers nowadays increasingly prefer to purchase commercial jams from markets due to its convenience. Although fresh berries have been extensively studied for their phenolic compounds, a limited number of studies investigating commercially manufactured jams have been conducted so far. Considering this, the objective of this study was to assess the total phenolic, flavonoid, and anthocyanin content and the antioxidant activity of five commonly consumed commercial berry jams (blueberry (Vaccinium myrtillus), blackberry (Rubus fruticosus) and blackcurrant (Ribes nigrun) mixture, blackcurrant (Ribes nigrun), cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon) and raspberry (Rubus idaeus)) collected from the market. Even though a possible loss of phenolics, anthocyanins, and a decrease of radical scavenging activity may occur during jam processing and subsequent storage, our data indicated that the selected commercial jams remained good sources of nutritive molecules with antioxidant properties based on the high levels of total phenolics, flavonoids, anthocyanins, and elevated antioxidant activities determined in this study. Additionally, the samples were characterized by GC-MS for their volatile profiles, and terpenes were found to be the dominating class covering more than 74% of volatile compounds in the jams.

scholarly journals The Influence of Film and Storage on the Phenolic and Antioxidant Properties of Red Raspberries (Rubus idaeus L.) cv. Erika

Antioxidants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angelo Maria Giuffrè ◽  
Lamia Louadj ◽  
Paola Rizzo ◽  
Emanuela De Salvo ◽  
Vincenzo Sicari
Keyword(s):  
Shelf Life ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Packaging Material ◽  
Rubus Idaeus ◽  
Packaging Materials ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Dpph Assay ◽  
Different Types ◽  
And Storage

In this paper, the effect of the packaging material and storage method on red raspberries produced at Reggio Calabria (Italy) was studied. For this purpose, the fruits were stored immediately after harvest in different conditions: in the fridge at 1 °C and in the freezer at −20 °C, using different packaging materials, two new patented films (nanoactive A) and (nanoactive B), one common packaging film (polyethylene terephthalate), and other fruits were left without any packaging material. Chemical parameters were analysed at harvest to have the initial characteristics without any conditioned storage and to distinguish the post-harvest effect on the fruits, then daily for storage in the fridge and monthly for storage in the freezer. The aims of our project were first to determine the qualitative characterization of these red raspberries, the optimization of their shelf-life during time in the fridge or freezer, using the different types of packaging materials and finally to highlight the usefulness of the new patented packaging materials. Nanoactive A film showed the best shelf-life in the fridge, and after 14 days the values, given as mg/100 g fresh weight, were: total phenolics (166.70), monomeric anthocyanin content (50.82), flavonoids (24.64), ascorbic acid (32.42), and 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay (95.93).

Genetic diversity and structure of improved indica rice germplasm

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 248-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai Wang ◽  
Fulin Qiu ◽  
Madonna Angelita Dela Paz ◽  
Jieyun Zhuang ◽  
Fangming Xie
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Distance ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Hybrid Rice ◽  
Hybrid Breeding ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Population Structure Analysis ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Genetic Diversity And Structure ◽  
Breeding Programmes

The characterization of genetic diversity and structure for improved cultivated varieties/elite lines is tremendously important to assist breeders in parental selection for inbred and hybrid breeding and heterotic group construction. In this study, a total of 737 improved indica varieties/lines developed recently and/or widely used by present indica breeding programmes worldwide were genotyped with a 384-single-nucleotide polymorphism assay. Model-based population structure analysis revealed the presence of two major groups with six subgroups (SGs), wherein no clear correlation was found between the groups/SGs and breeding programmes or geographical origin of the accessions. Over half of the accessions (51.8%) appeared to have less than 0.6 memberships assigned to any one of the six model-based groups, highlighting the wide range of gene flow within improved indica varieties/lines and the genetic integration of valuable alleles shared by ancestries among improved high-yielding varieties/lines through germplasm exchanges. Distance-based clustering revealed that Latin-American cultivated indica lines have tended to form their own ecological cline, which could serve as a potential heterotic ecotype for hybrid rice breeding, although they are still closely related to Asian indica lines. African cultivated indica lines, on the other hand, have not yet formed their own ecological cline. It was also observed that the most well-known hybrid rice parents, Zhenshan97B and Minghui63, were unexpectedly clustered in the same SG with a relatively narrow genetic distance, which suggests that a significant genetic distance between parents is not a prerequisite for all elite hybrid rice lines with high heterosis.

scholarly journals Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Postulated Cytotoxic Activity of Phenolic and Anthocyanin-Rich Fractions from Polana Raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.) Fruit and Juice—In Vitro Study

Molecules ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (7) ◽  
pp. 1812 ◽  
Author(s):  
Urszula Szymanowska ◽  
Barbara Baraniak ◽  
Anna Bogucka-Kocka
Keyword(s):  
Cytotoxic Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Leukemia Cell ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Rubus Idaeus ◽  
Human Leukemia ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

In this study, the antioxidative and anti-inflammatory potential of crude extracts (CE), anthocyanin-rich fractions (ARF), and phenolic fractions (PF) from raspberry (R) and raspberry juice (J) were evaluated. The antioxidant properties were evaluated with three complementary assays: DPPH radical scavenging activity, chelating Fe(II) power, and ferric reducing power. The highest antioxidant activity was determined for the crude extract from raspberry pulp (RCE) in the case of all methods used. The anti-inflammatory activity was demonstrated by inhibitory effect on lipoxygenase (LOX) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) activity in vitro. The highest efficiency in inhibiting the activity of both enzymes was exhibited by RCE, 0.79 and 0.59 mg FW/mL, respectively. In turn, JARF had the lowest ability to inhibit LOX (EC50 = 4.5 mg FW/mL) and JPF caused the lowest COX-2 inhibition (1.75 mg FW/mL). Additionally, we have performed a pilot study of in vitro cytotoxic activity using two human leukemia cell lines: J45 and HL60. All examined extracts inhibited the viability of J45 cells more effectively than HL60. The highest cytotoxic effect was observed in the J45.01 cell line after exposure to RCE (EC50 = 0.0375 mg FW/mL).

scholarly journals Antioxidant properties of fruits of raspberry and blackberry grown in central Europe

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Kostecka-Gugała ◽  
Iwona Ledwożyw-Smoleń ◽  
Joanna Augustynowicz ◽  
Gabriela Wyżgolik ◽  
Michał Kruczek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Rubus Idaeus ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Red Raspberry ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Berry Fruits

AbstractFruits of several, mainly Polish cultivars of floricane- and primocane-fruiting red raspberry (Rubus idaeus), black raspberry (Rubus occidentalis) and blackberry (Rubus fruticosus), grown in central Europe during two successive vegetation periods, were investigated. The content of phenolic compounds, including anthocyanins, as well as antioxidant properties of fruit extracts were analysed. A number of methods were employed: ferric ion reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), cupric ion reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging capacity involving both colorimetric and EPR spectrometric measurements. From among all the tested fruits black raspberries had the largest antioxidant capacity as verified by all methods used in this study. These berries were also the most abundant in phenolic and anthocyanin compounds. Blackberries were characterised by larger antioxidant capacity than red raspberry fruits which were accompanied by higher content of total phenolics and anthocyanins. Berries of primocane-fruiting cultivars, often used for intensive agricultural production, generally did not differ in the total phenolic and anthocyanin content as well as in the antioxidant capacity as compared to the traditional, floricane-fruiting ones. The research contributes to deep characterisation of central European berry fruits which due to their high content and large diversity of health-beneficial compounds are classified as natural functional food.

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