scholarly journals Leaf growth traits and photosynthetic pigments of maize as influenced by water deficit stress

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 366-375
Author(s):  
Folake B. ANJORIN
Keyword(s):  
Water Deficit ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Photosynthetic Pigments ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Leaf Growth ◽  
Crop Growth ◽  
Water Deficit Stress ◽  
Chlorophyll B ◽  
Total Chlorophyll ◽  
Maize Varieties

Glasshouse study was carried out to evaluate the impacts of water deficit stress (WDS) on leaf growth and photosynthetic pigments of four maize varieties at the Institute of Agricultural Research and Training, Ibadan. Seeds from ‘TZPBSR-W’, ‘ILE1OB’, ‘ART98SW6OB’ and ‘DTESYNSTR’ maize varieties were sown in sixty-four pots in a 4 x 4 factorial CR Design(r=4). The WDS treatments include 100%, 75%, 50% and 25% field capacities (FC). Data were taken weekly on specific leaf weight (SLW), leaf area (LA), leaf weight (LWT) and crop growth rate. At four weeks of WDS, extracts were obtained from 0.2 g cut leaf sample using 96% (v/v) ethanol. Light absorbance of the ethanolic leaf extract (cholorophyll-a (665 nm), chlorophyll-b (649 nm), total chlorophyll and the carotenoids (440 nm)) were read using spectrophotometer. From the results, WDS significantly reduced SLW, LWT, LA and CGR (p<0.001). The SLW ranged from 0.027±0.0 (g cm-2) (‘ART98SW6OB’) to 0.034±0.0 (g cm-2) (‘DTESYNSTR’), while the LA ranged from 269.7±25.4 (cm2) (‘ART98SW6OB’) to 220.9±20.9 (cm2) (‘ILE1OB’). Water deficit stress significantly reduced chlorophyll-b (p<0.01), chlorophyll-a and total chlorophyll (p<0.001) and the carotenoid (p<0.05). Chlorophyll-a ranged from 0.038±0.0 mg/g (‘DTESYNSTR’) to 0.050±0.0 mg/g (‘TZPBSR-W’), chlorophyll-b ranged from 0.021 mg/g (‘ART98SW6OB’) to 0.040 mg/g (‘TZPBSR-W’), total chlorophyll ranged from 0.063±0.0 mg/g (‘ART98SW6OB’) to 0.093±0.0 mg/g (‘TZPBSR-W’), while the carotenoid ranged from 0.084±0.08 mg/g (‘ART98SW6OB’) to 0.115±0.09 mg/g (‘TZPBSR-W’). The WDS and Variety interaction on photosynthetic pigments were significant (p<0.05). The Leaf growth traits, photosynthetic pigments and over all crop growth in maize are impaired when subjected to water deficit stress.

Effects of Phosphorus Stress on Photosynthetic Pigments in Sagittaria sagittifolia

2014 ◽  
Vol 1073-1076 ◽  
pp. 118-121
Author(s):  
Qing Qing He ◽  
Zhou Li Liu ◽  
Wei Chen ◽  
Lin Hao ◽  
Jiao Jiao Qin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Photosynthetic Pigments ◽  
Carotenoid Content ◽  
Chlorophyll B ◽  
Total Chlorophyll ◽  
Total Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Phosphorus Stress ◽  
Sagittaria Sagittifolia ◽  
Chlorophyll A Content

The photosynthetic pigments of Sagittaria sagittifolia, including total chlorophyll content, chlorophyll a content, chlorophyll b content and carotenoid content, were investigated after 0, 7, 14 and 21 d exposure to 3 mg L-1 P. After 7 d P-exposure, total chlorophyll content, chlorophyll a content and chlorophyll b content increased significantly compared with the control, and then decreased with time extended. Carotenoid content increased significantly after 14 d P-exposure compared with the control, and then decreased slightly after 21 d P-exposure.

scholarly journals Variations of Chlorophyll Content at Abies alba and Nepeta pannonica Species According to Phenophase and Harvesting Area

2019 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-78
Author(s):  
S. Buhăianu ◽  
Doina Carmen Jităreanu
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Photosynthetic Pigments ◽  
Photosynthetic Activity ◽  
Abies Alba ◽  
Chlorophyll B ◽  
Green Color ◽  
Yellow Coloration ◽  
Chlorophyll A And B ◽  
Chlorophyll A Content

Abstract Chlorophylls from plants are photosynthetic pigments. Their quantity offers valuable informations about photosynthetic activity, growing and developing of plants. Photosynthetic pigments decrease quantitatively during senescence process or in stress conditions. The present study has been realized in laboratory conditions with material harvested from spontaneous flora. The purpose of this research was the investigation of variations of chlorophyll content from samples of biological material collected from Nepeta pannonica L. and Abies alba Mill. plants, from Câmpulung Moldovenesc and Cacica areas, Suceava county, Romania. The targeted phenophases were growth and flowering. There were realized acetonic extracts from samples for spectrophotometric determinations. Obtained data were processed to estabilish chlorophyll a and b content. There were observed that at Abies alba species, from both locations, the chlorophyll a content grew during flowering phenophase, while the chlorophyll b content had little variations. At Nepeta pannonica species, the chlorophyll a and b content decreased visibly during the flowering, due to stress. Leaves of plants from this species presented a intense green color in the growing phenophase, while during flowering phenophase they had a purple or yellow coloration. Obtained results revealed a different dynamics of chlorophyll content at studied species.

scholarly journals Pemanfaatan Pupuk Organik Kulit Pisang Dan Azolla Terhadap Pertumbuhan Kangkung Darat Dengan Sistem Akuaponik

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (01) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Maria Sastriana ◽  
Ngadiani Ngadiani
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Banana Peel ◽  
Chlorophyll B ◽  
Total Chlorophyll ◽  
Azolla Pinnata ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Weight Test

The aim of this study was to compare the organic fertilizer of azolla pinnata and banana peel and a combination of azolla pinnata and banana peel with the same concentration of 800 ppm to the weight of harvest and the chlorophyll content of ground spinach (Ipomoea reptans Poir.). The experiment was carried out experimentally using a completely randomized design with control treatment, 800 ppm azolla pinnata, 800 ppm banana skin and a combination of azolla pinnata and banana peels 800 ppm which were repeated 6 times each. The application was carried out by pouring 800 ppm of azolla pinnata, 800 ppm of banana peel and a combination of azolla pinnata and 800 ppm banana peel on each gutter. The results showed that azolla pinnata and banana peel nutrition had a significant effect (P <0.05) on harvest weight and chlorophyll content of ground spinach plants (Ipomoea reptans Poir.). Nutrition azolla pinnata and banana peel with a concentration of 800 ppm can increase the weight of the land spinach (Ipomoea reptans Poir.) Which has the highest average. In testing the chlorophyll content, the results of chlorophyll a content, chlorophyll b content and the highest total chlorophyll content was found in azolla pinnata 800 ppm nutrition. The results of this study concluded that 800 ppm azolla pinnata, 800 ppm banana peel and 800 ppm combination of azolla pinnata and banana peel in the growth of ground spinach plants (Ipomoea reptans Poir.) Were effective to increase harvest weight and increase chlorophyll content of land spinach (Ipomoea reptans Poir.) Namely chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll of land spinach plants (Ipomoea reptans Poir.).   Keywords: ground kale, azolla pinnata, banana peel, harvest weight, test of chlorophyll content, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll.

Interactions between Photosynthetic Pigments Bound to Lipid and Protein Particles. Spectroscopic Properties

1979 ◽  
Vol 34 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 582-587
Author(s):  
Framçoise Techy ◽  
Monique Dinant ◽  
Jacques Aghion
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Photosynthetic Pigments ◽  
Relative Concentration ◽  
Spectroscopic Properties ◽  
Chlorophyll B ◽  
Pheophytin A ◽  
Chlorophylls A And B ◽  
Protein Particles ◽  
Β Carotene

Abstract The spectroscopic (visible) properties of pigment-bearing lipid and protein particles extract­ ed from milk show that: 1) chlorophylls a and b bound to separate particles can form aggregates provided their relative concentration is high enough. Neither pheophytin a nor β-carotene, in the same conditions, form observable aggregates. 2) Chlorophylls a and b can co-aggregate when they are bound to the same particles. Pheophytin a as well as β-carotene seem to prevent the aggregation of chlorophyll a. β-carotene has no effect on the aggregation of chlorophyll b.

scholarly journals Effect of nicosulfuron on chlorophyll content of marandu-grass cultivated in crop-forest-livestock integration systems

2020 ◽  
pp. 1876-1882
Author(s):  
Evander Alves Ferreira ◽  
Marcia Vitória Santos ◽  
Leandro Diego da Silva ◽  
Priscila Júnia Rodrigues da Cruz ◽  
Raul Ribeiro Silveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Agroforestry Systems ◽  
Chlorophyll B ◽  
Total Chlorophyll ◽  
Integration System ◽  
Total Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Urochloa Brizantha

The aim of this work was to study the effect of sub-doses of herbicide nicosulfuron on the levels of chlorophyll and growth of marandu-grass in an forest-livestock integration system. The treatments consisted of eucalyptus consortium with sorghum (BRS 655 hybrid) and forage Urochloa brizantha cv. Marandu (marandu-grass) at 12×2 and 12×3 m spacings in agroforestry systems, in addition to sorghum + marandu-grass and marandu-grass in monoculture. The doses of nicosulfuron applied at the marandu-grass were 0, 15 and 30 g ha-1. At 30 and 120 days after the application of nicosulfuron, chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b were measured usinf a portable chlorophyll meter, with six measurements per plant. Afterwards, the total chlorophyll content and chlorophyll a/b were calculated. We also measured the mass of the total dry matter of marandu-grass and growth rate of the culture. Marandu-grass plants cultivated in monoculture showed higher quantities of chlorophyll and the highest growth rates. The levels of chlorophyll a, b and chlorophyll a/b and the growth rate of marandu grass were similar between systems integrated with eucalyptus (12x2 and 12x3 m). The increase of herbicide dose negatively influenced on chlorophyll content in marandu-grass in all treatments evaluated. The use of nicosulfuron in doses of 25 and 50 g L-1 reduced the growth rate of marandu grass only when grown in monoculture

scholarly journals Heteroblastic Foliage Affects the Accumulation of Non-Structural Carbohydrates and Biomass in Pinus massoniana (Lamb.) Seedlings

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 1686
Author(s):  
Haoyun Wang ◽  
Feng Wu ◽  
Min Li ◽  
Daqu Liang ◽  
Guijie Ding
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Photosynthetic Pigments ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Biomass Accumulation ◽  
Pinus Massoniana ◽  
Leaf Biomass ◽  
Total Chlorophyll ◽  
Physiological Factor ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Pinus Massoniana Lamb

Pines have heteroblastic foliage (primary and secondary needles) during seedling stage, but how heteroblastic foliage affects carbon storage and biomass accumulation, contributing to seedling quality, is unclear. We investigated the influences of heteroblastic foliage on photosynthetic physiological characteristics, non-structural carbohydrate (NSC) and biomass accumulation in current-year seedlings; the key factors determining biomass accumulation were mainly determined by principal component screening, Spearman correlation, and path analysis. The results indicated that (1) primary needles have high photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll a and total chlorophyll), net photosynthetic rates (Pn), the potential maximum photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm), and leaf instantaneous water use efficiency (WUEi), whereas higher non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) suggested that sudden light increases induce the initiation of quenching mechanism in primary needles; additionally, secondary needles had a lower transpiration rate (Tr), limiting stomata (Ls), and light saturation point. (2) Secondary needles promoted soluble sugar (fructose and glucose) increases in leaves compared to that of primary needles and increased the leaf biomass accumulation (from 47.06% to 54.30%), enhancing the overall ability of photosynthetic organs; additionally, secondary needles can enhance the proportion of starch storage in the roots, and NSC accumulation was significantly increasing in the seedling leaves and roots. (3) Photosynthetic pigments (carotenoids, chlorophyll a, and total chlorophyll) had direct positive effects on primary needle seedling (PNS) biomass and promoted biomass by indirectly increasing soluble sugar synthesis in the stems. The Pn was the main physiological factor determining PNS biomass accumulation. In addition, the WUEi, Ls, and NPQ had direct negative effects on PNS biomass accumulation, inhibiting photosynthesis to limit seedling growth. Considering the functional traits in heteroblastic foliage is necessary when assessing different leaf types of Pinus massoniana (Lamb.) seedlings, in particular those threats implicated in light, water, and temperature relations. Our results can be beneficial to guide the establishment of seedling management and afforestation measures.

scholarly journals Perubahan Klorofil, Luas Daun Spesifik, dan Efisiensi Penggunaan Cahaya Ubi Kayu pada Sistem Tumpang Sari dengan Jagung

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 135
Author(s):  
. Suwarto
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Physiological Adaptation ◽  
Light Use Efficiency ◽  
Chlorophyll B ◽  
Morphological Adaptation ◽  
Adaptation Mechanism ◽  
Maize Varieties ◽  
Chlorophyll A And B ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Light Capture

<p style="text-align: justify;">This study aims to determine changes in chlorophyll content, specific leaf area (SLA), and light use efficiency (LUE) as a mechanism of physiological and morphological adaptation of cassava intercropped with maize. Cassava variety of Adira 1 has been planted in intercropping with maize varieties of Arjuna, Pioner 4, and Cargill 9 (with a population of 32,000; 48,000; 64,000, and 8,0000 plants ha<sup>-1</sup>); cassava is planted between rows of maize with a distance of 1 m x 1 m (with a population of 10 000 plants ha<sup>-1</sup>). As a physiological adaptation mechanism, cassava which is planted intercropping increase light capture for photosynthesis by increasing the content of chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b as well as morphologically with increasing SLA. The average chlorophyll a and b of cassava in intercropping were 2.758 and 1.125 mg g<sup>-1</sup>, whereas in monoculture were 2.032 and 0.750 mg g<sup>-1</sup> or increased respectively 35.73% and 50.00%. SLA of cassava increased from 309.5 cm<sup>2</sup>g<sup>-1</sup> in the monoculture became 406.3 cm<sup>2</sup>g<sup>-1</sup>in intercropping (increased by 31.27%). The LUE of cassava at the beginning of growth during intercropping with maize is lower than the monoculture, but after maize is harvestedthe LUE increased so that the average LUE of cassava is the same during the whole periode of growth that is 0.0025 kg MJ<sup>-1</sup>.</p><p>Keywords: mechanism, physiological, morphological, adaptation</p>

scholarly journals PHOTOSYNTHETIC PIGMENT CONTENT AS A CONSEQUENTAL RESISTANCE SIGN OF POTATO VARIETIES TO HIGH TEMPERATURE AND MOISTURE LACK

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 8-13
Author(s):  
Aleksei Bakunov ◽  
Aleksei Milekhin ◽  
Sergei Rubtsov ◽  
Sergei Shevchenko
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Photosynthetic Pigments ◽  
Photosynthetic Pigment ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Average Concentration ◽  
Potato Yield ◽  
Chlorophyll B ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Plant Nursery

The aim of the research is increasing potato yield in dry conditions of the Middle Volga region. The research was carried out on the experimental field of the Samara Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture – branch of the Sa-mara Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The variety testing plant nursery included 28 varieties of potatoes of domestic selection. Udacha, Zhigulevsky, Arosa and Gala breeds were the standard varieties. The plant material was planted out in two replications with 25 plants in each. To determine the content of photosynthetic pigments, extracts were prepared from ten potato leaves of each breed in 100% acetone. Measurements were per-formed by spectrophotometry. To measure the amount of chlorophyll a, the wavelength of 665 nm, chlorophyll b – 649 nm, and carotenoids – 440 nm were used. The concentration of pigments was determined by using Wettstein formulas. When harvesting, the potato yield was taken into account. The average concentration of chlorophyll a in the studied breeds was 0.92 mg/g, the average concentration of chlorophyll b was 0.62 mg/g, and one of carote-noids was 0.27 mg/g. Potato breeds with high concentration of photosynthetic pigments were identified. A reliable average dependence of the yield of potato breeds on the concentration of chlorophyll b in plants was revealed. The correlation coefficient was 0.42. There is no reliable dependence tested of yield on the concentration of chlorophyll a and carotenoids. Potato productivity is associated with a significant negative relationship with the ratio of both a and b chlorophyll concentrations. The most highly productive varieties were characterized by a high content of two varieties of chlorophyll. A high concentration of chlorophyll b or a minimum ratio of chlorophyll a and b concentra-tions can be tentatively recommended as a consequential sign for identifying potato breeds that are highly adapted to high air temperature and insufficient moisture.

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