scholarly journals Genetic Differentiation of Archachatina marginata Populations from Three Vegetation Zones Using Radom Amplified Polymorphic DNA Polymerase Chain Reaction

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 372-381
Author(s):  
Comfort O. AFOLAYAN ◽  
Michael Olugemi AWODIRAN
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Differentiation ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Ammonium Bromide ◽  
Vegetation Zones ◽  
Suitable Parameter ◽  
Variable Feature ◽  
Canonical Variates ◽  
Cetyl Trimethyl Ammonium ◽  
High Level ◽  
Dna Profiles

The genetic differentiation of Archachatina marginata populations from three different zones of Nigeria was studied with a view to delimiting them into sub-species. One hundred and nineteen (119) snail specimens were collected, comprising of forty (40) specimens from Yenagoa (Mangrove forest) and from Kabba (Guinea Savanna) and thirty nine (39) specimens were from Ile-Ife (Rainforest). Eight parameters of the shell specimens of A. marginata which included height of shell, width of shell, aperture height, aperture width, spire length, spire width, penultimate whorl length and first whorl length were subjected to Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Canonical Variates Analysis (CVA) to delimit the populations into sub-species. DNA of the various populations was extracted from the foot muscle using CTAB (Cetyl Trimethyl Ammonium Bromide) method, which was subjected to RAPD analysis. The RAPD studies employed five (5) oligonucleotide primers (OPB – 17, OPH – 12, OPH – 17, OPI – 06 and OPU – 14) to amplify DNA from 27 samples of A. marginata selected. All five primers produced different band patterns, and the number of fragments amplified per primer varied. Among them, OPB- 17 gave DNA profiles with more numerous bands than the others primers. Both PCA and CVA produced overlapped clusters of A. marginata specimens from the three vegetation zones. The height of shell was observed to be the most variable feature and preferably the most suitable parameter for population grouping. Analysis of the proportions of polymorphic loci and band sharing based on similarity indices for A. marginata samples indicated a relatively high level of genetic variation in the populations from the three areas.

Gum arabic helps prepare better lacey polymer films for specimen support in electron microscopy

1993 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 240-241
Author(s):  
Shailesh R. Sheth ◽  
Jayesh R. Bellare
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Polymer Films ◽  
Gum Arabic ◽  
Complete Removal ◽  
Ammonium Bromide ◽  
Release Agent ◽  
Astigmatism Correction ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Micro Holes ◽  
Cetyl Trimethyl Ammonium

Specimen support and astigmatism correction in Electron Microscopy are at least two areas in which lacey polymer films find extensive applications. Although their preparation has been studied for a very long time, present techniques still suffer from incomplete release of the film from its substrate and presence of a large number of pseudo holes in the film. Our method ensures complete removal of the entire lacey film from the substrate and fewer pseudo holes by pre-treating the substrate with Gum Arabic, which acts as a film release agent.The method is based on the classical condensation technique for preparing lacey films which is essentially deposition of minute water or ice droplets on the substrate and laying the polymer film over it, so that micro holes are formed corresponding to the droplets. A microscope glass slide (the substrate) is immersed in 2.0% (w/v) aq. CTAB (cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide)-0.22% (w/v) aq.

scholarly journals Simple Sequence Repeat and S-Locus Genotyping to Assist the Genetic Characterization and Breeding of Polyploid Prunus Species, P. spinosa and P. domestica subsp. insititia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Júlia Halász ◽  
Noémi Makovics-Zsohár ◽  
Ferenc Szőke ◽  
Sezai Ercisli ◽  
Attila Hegedűs
Keyword(s):  
Simple Sequence Repeat ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Sequence Repeat ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Allele Number ◽  
Genetic Potential ◽  
Ssr Loci ◽  
High Level ◽  
Diversity Studies ◽  
Simple Sequence

AbstractPolyploid Prunus spinosa (2n = 4 ×) and P. domestica subsp. insititia (2n = 6 ×) represent enormous genetic potential in Central Europe, which can be exploited in breeding programs. In Hungary, 16 cultivar candidates and a recognized cultivar ‘Zempléni’ were selected from wild-growing populations including ten P. spinosa, four P. domestica subsp. insititia and three P. spinosa × P. domestica hybrids (2n = 5 ×) were also created. Genotyping in eleven simple sequence repeat (SSR) loci and the multiallelic S-locus was used to characterize genetic variability and achieve a reliable identification of tested accessions. Nine SSR loci proved to be polymorphic and eight of those were highly informative (PIC values ˃ 0.7). A total of 129 SSR alleles were identified, which means 14.3 average allele number per locus and all accessions but two clones could be discriminated based on unique SSR fingerprints. A total of 23 S-RNase alleles were identified and the complete and partial S-genotype was determined for 10 and 7 accessions, respectively. The DNA sequence was determined for a total of 17 fragments representing 11 S-RNase alleles. ‘Zempléni’ was confirmed to be self-compatible carrying at least one non-functional S-RNase allele (SJ). Our results indicate that the S-allele pools of wild-growing P. spinosa and P. domestica subsp. insititia are overlapping in Hungary. Phylogenetic and principal component analyses confirmed the high level of diversity and genetic differentiation present within the analysed accessions and indicated putative ancestor–descendant relationships. Our data confirm that S-locus genotyping is suitable for diversity studies in polyploid Prunus species but non-related accessions sharing common S-alleles may distort phylogenetic inferences.

scholarly journals Preparation of Porous Hydroxyapatite Using Cetyl Trimethyl Ammonium Bromide as Surfactant for the Removal of Lead Ions from Aquatic Solutions

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 1617
Author(s):  
Silviu-Adrian Predoi ◽  
Carmen Steluta Ciobanu ◽  
Mikael Motelica-Heino ◽  
Mariana Carmen Chifiriuc ◽  
Monica Luminita Badea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cetyl Trimethyl Ammonium Bromide ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Lead Ions ◽  
Ammonium Bromide ◽  
Porous Hydroxyapatite ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
Cetyl Trimethyl Ammonium ◽  
Co Precipitation

In the present study, a new low-cost bioceramic nanocomposite based on porous hydroxyapatite (HAp) and cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) as surfactant was successfully obtained by a simple chemical co-precipitation. The composition and structure of the HAp-CTAB were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscope (SEM) equipped with an energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectrometer, and N2 adsorption/desorption analysis. The capacity of HAp-CTAB nanocomposites to remove the lead ions from aqueous solutions was studied by adsorption batch experiments and proved by Langmuir and Freundlich models. The Pb2+ removal efficiency of HAp-CTAB biocomposite was also confirmed by non-destructive ultrasound studies. The cytotoxicity assays showed that the HAp-CTAB nanocomposites did not induce any significant morphological changes of HeLa cells after 24 h of incubation or other toxic effects. Taken together, our results suggests that the obtained porous HAp-CTAB powder could be used for the decontamination of water polluted with heavy metals, such as Pb2+.

scholarly journals A Principal Component Analysis of Acoustic Emission Signals from a Landing Gear Component

2008 ◽  
Vol 13-14 ◽  
pp. 41-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rhys Pullin ◽  
Mark J. Eaton ◽  
James J. Hensman ◽  
Karen M. Holford ◽  
Keith Worden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Acoustic Emission ◽  
Background Noise ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Landing Gear ◽  
Fracture Detection ◽  
Artificial Fracture ◽  
High Level ◽  
Ae Signals

This work forms part of a larger investigation into fracture detection using acoustic emission (AE) during landing gear airworthiness testing. It focuses on the use of principal component analysis (PCA) to differentiate between fracture signals and high levels of background noise. An artificial acoustic emission (AE) fracture source was developed and additionally five sources were used to generate differing AE signals. Signals were recorded from all six artificial sources in a real landing gear component subject to no load. Further to this, artificial fracture signals were recorded in the same component under airworthiness test load conditions. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to automatically differentiate between AE signals from different source types. Furthermore, successful separation of artificial fracture signals from a very high level of background noise was achieved. The presence of a load was observed to affect the ultrasonic propagation of AE signals.

Influence of Different Dispersants on the Dispersion Property of Nano-Aluminium Powders

2011 ◽  
Vol 71-78 ◽  
pp. 122-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ling Li Song ◽  
Ren Yuan Zhang ◽  
Ling Bo Mao ◽  
Wen Jie Zhu ◽  
Miao Yan Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate ◽  
Ultrasonic Vibration ◽  
Cetyl Trimethyl Ammonium Bromide ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Dispersion Property ◽  
Ammonium Bromide ◽  
Aluminum Powders ◽  
Ultrasonic Time ◽  
Dodecyl Sulfate ◽  
Cetyl Trimethyl Ammonium

The influences of dispersant type, supersonic time and concentration on the dispersion property of the nano-aluminium powders in glycol water were systematically studied by using Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)，cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) and sodium hexa metah posphate（SHMP）as dispersants. During the first stage of the experiments, influences of dispersant type and ultrasonic time with these dispersants were evaluated. The next stage of the study was focused on SHMP concentration. The influence of SHMP concentration was assessed. The results show that with the increasing of ultrasonic time, the dispersion property of nano-aluminum powders first increases and then decreases, and SHMP is the best one. The excellent dispersing condition on the dispersion property of nano-aluminium is: 5g/L SHMP and 50 min ultrasonic vibration.

scholarly journals SYNTHESIS OF COPPER NANOPARTICLES USING ASCORBIC ACID AND CETYL TRIMETHYL AMMONIUM BROMIDE

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (14) ◽  
pp. 62
Author(s):  
Saurabh Singh ◽  
Bimlesh Kumar ◽  
Narendra Kumar Pandey ◽  
Barinder Kaur ◽  
Arun Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Copper Nanoparticles ◽  
Cetyl Trimethyl Ammonium Bromide ◽  
Ammonium Bromide ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Bromide Solution ◽  
Cetyl Trimethyl Ammonium ◽  
Dialysis Bag ◽  
Spray Dried ◽  
Glass Beaker

Objective: The present study highlights the development of a method to synthesize copper nanoparticles (CuNPs).Methods: CuNPs were developed using 0.01 M copper penta sulfate and 0.11 M of ascorbic acid (AA) and 0.03 M of cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide solution. The synthesized CuNPs were differentiated through filtration and washed by water (deionized). CuNPs were kept in dialysis bag 70 KD in a 250 mL glass beaker along with distilled water. The assembly was kept on a magnetic stirrer for 24 h at 500 rpm. Then, the dialysis bag containing CuNPs solution was filtered by a filter assembly with 0.2 μm nylon filter. The filtered CuNPs were spray dried with the help of spray drier.Results: The prepared CuNPs were found to be 440 nm with zeta potential of −10 mV and polydispersity index 0.314.Conclusion: The investigation deciphers the promising and material technique to synthesis of CuNPs by methods for synthetic reduction utilizing strategy using AA (0.2 M) and sodium hydroxide (1 M), and Syloid 244FP.

Mobility of DR1 Molecules Embedded in Nanostructured PMMA Films

2009 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 135-142
Author(s):  
Jorge A. García-Macedo ◽  
A. Franco ◽  
Guadalupe Valverde-Aguilar ◽  
M.A. Ríos-Enríquez
Keyword(s):  
Second Harmonic ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Orientation Distribution ◽  
Decay Rates ◽  
Ammonium Bromide ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Poling Field ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Cetyl Trimethyl Ammonium ◽  
Kinetics Of

The kinetics of the orientation of Disperse Red 1 (DR1) molecules embedded in nanostructured Polymethylmetacrylate (PMMA) films was studied under the effect of an intense constant electric poling field. The changes in the orientation distribution of the DR1 molecules were followed by Second Harmonic Generation (SHG) measurements. The SHG signal was recorded as function of time at three different temperatures. We focused on both, the signal increases under the presence of the poling field and the signal decays without the poling field. The studied PMMA films were nanostructured by the incorporation of ionic surfactants as the Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate (SDS) and the Cetyl Trimethyl Ammonium Bromide (CTAB) during their preparation. The kinds of nanostructures obtained in the films were determined by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements. Substantial differences in signal intensity and in growth and decay rates between amorphous and nanostructured films were found.

The Study of Surfactant Effect on Soil Water Infiltration

2011 ◽  
Vol 361-363 ◽  
pp. 1946-1949
Author(s):  
Yi Fei Li ◽  
Tian Wei Qian ◽  
Li Juan Huo
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl Benzene Sulfonate ◽  
Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Water Infiltration ◽  
Ammonium Bromide ◽  
Soil Infiltration ◽  
Soil Water Infiltration ◽  
Dodecyl Benzene Sulfonate ◽  
Cetyl Trimethyl Ammonium

In this paper,the effect of surfactant to the infiltration and the change of saturated hydraulic conductivity was studied by GUELPH PERMEAMETER. We investigated effects on soil infiltration by three representative surfactants.The results show that the existing of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS), cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide bromide (CTAB) and polyxyethylene fatty alcohol (AEO9) would decrease soil saturated hydraulic conductivity.

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