The burden of caring for dementia patients: caregiver reports from a cross-sectional hospital-based study in China

Background: Dementia is a chronic & progressive neurodegenerative disorder affecting usually older people of more than 65 years in which there are disturbances of multiple higher cortical functions including memory, thinking, orientation & others. Dementia patients are increasing in number as the population of older age group is increasing. All types of dementia are treatable, at least with psychosocial interventions. So, accurate diagnosis and evaluation of etiological pattern is essential. Methods: This cross sectional study was carried out in the Department of Neurology, Bangabandu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh from January 2012 to December 2012 on 88 patients with dementia diagnosed on the basis of mini mental state examination and DSM-IV criteria. Results: Vascular dementia was the underlying diagnosis in most of the cases (43.3 %) followed by Alzheimers Disease (20.2%) and Parkinson Disease (9%). Other causes were Mixed Dementia, Intracranial Space Occupying Lesion, Post Encephalitic, Hypoxic Encephalitic, Chronic Subdural Haematoma and Tubercular Meningitis. Conclusion: Vascular dementia is more than Alzheimer’s Dementia in Bangladesh. Multiple vascular risk factors contribute to this. Bangladesh Journal of Neuroscience 2016; Vol. 32 (2): 85-90

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Dukungan Keluarga terhadap Penderita Demensia di Bandung

WIRARAJA MEDIKA ◽

10.24929/fik.v10i2.1000 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 60-65

Author(s):

Upik Rahmi ◽

Yoanita Suryani

Keyword(s):

Family Support ◽

Family Members ◽

Economic Factors ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Family Responsibilities ◽

Dementia Patients ◽

People With Dementia ◽

Cross Sectional Design ◽

Quantitative Descriptive ◽

Education Psychology

Abstract Family members are primarily responsible for the care of loved ones with dementia. Family support and living with people with dementia are cultural norms that are expected in Indonesia, where family members with dementia are considered family responsibilities that must be fulfilled. The purpose of this study: to find out Family Support for Dementia sufferers. Quantitative descriptive with cross sectional design. The study was conducted in the city of Bandung with a population of 41 respondents and a sample of (n = 41) primary caregivers / families who care for dementia patients, sampling with total sampling. Family support based on education in the good category (68.3%) and not good 13 respondents (31.7%), emotional factors in the good category 26 respondents (63.4%) and not good 15 respondents (36, 6%), based on spiritual in the good category of 24 respondents (58.5%) and not good 17 respondents (43.9%), social and psychological factors are in the good category 26 respondents (63.4%) and not good 15 respondents (36.6%), and the last indicator of economic factors was in the good category of 25 respondents (61.0%) and not good 16 respondents (39.0%). Family support is very important to improve the quality of life of people with dementia, namely support based on educational, psychological / emotional, spiritual, social and environmental and economic factors. Some have provided good support, but there is still support that is not good Keywords: Dementia, Family Support, Education, Psychology

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Dementia Patients Are More Sedentary and Less Physically Active than Age- and Sex-Matched Cognitively Healthy Older Adults

Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders ◽

10.1159/000491995 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 46 (1-2) ◽

pp. 81-89 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Yvonne A.W. Hartman ◽

Esther G.A. Karssemeijer ◽

Lisanne A.M. van Diepen ◽

Marcel G.M. Olde Rikkert ◽

Dick H.J. Thijssen

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Sedentary Behaviour ◽

Sedentary Time ◽

Physical Activities ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Lower Percentage ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Mortality And Morbidity ◽

Bout Duration ◽

Dementia Patients

Aims: The aim of this study was to examine physical activity and sedentary behaviour characteristics of ambulatory and community-dwelling patients with dementia compared to cognitively healthy age-, sex- and weight-matched controls. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we included community-dwelling dementia patients (n = 45, age 79.6 ± 5.9 years, Mini-Mental State Examination [MMSE] 22.8 ± 3.2) and matched controls (n = 49, age 80.0 ± 7.7 years, MMSE 29.0 ± 1.2). Participants wore a wrist accelerometer for 7 days to assess sedentary time, sedentary bout duration and time spent in very light, light-to-moderate and moderate-to-vigorous physical activities. Results: Relative sedentary time and sedentary bout duration was significantly higher in dementia patients than in controls (median [interquartile range] 57% [49–68] vs. 55% [47–59] and 18.3 [16.4–21.1] min vs. 16.6 [15.3–18.4] min, p = 0.042 and p = 0.008, respectively). In addition, dementia patients spent a lower percentage of their waking time in light-to-moderate and moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activities (20% [15–23] vs. 22% [18–25] and 5% [2–10] vs. 10% [5–13], p = 0.017 and p = 0.001, respectively). Conclusion: We revealed that dementia patients are more sedentary and perform less physical activity than cognitively healthy controls. This may have clinically important consequences, given the observation that sedentary behaviour and little physical activity independently predict all-cause mortality and morbidity.

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Short-term residential care for dementia patients: predictors for utilization and expected quality from a family caregiver's point of view

International Psychogeriatrics ◽

10.1017/s1041610209009193 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 21 (4) ◽

pp. 703-710 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Carolin Donath ◽

Angelika Winkler ◽

Elmar Gräßel

Keyword(s):

Family Caregivers ◽

Residential Care ◽

Qualitative Content Analysis ◽

Binary Logistic Regression ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Point Of View ◽

Binary Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Short Term ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Dementia Patients

ABSTRACTBackground: Short-term residential care (SRC) has proved to be effective in reducing the burden on family caregivers of dementia patients. Nevertheless, little is known about the factors which influence its usage or the expectations of family caregivers regarding quality. In this paper we address the following questions: (i) which variables of the care situation, the caregivers and their attitudes act as predictors for the utilization of SRC facilities? (ii) What are the views of caregivers about the quality of SRC?Methods: The cross-sectional study was carried out as an anonymous written survey of family caregivers of dementia patients in four regions of Germany. With a 20% response it was possible to analyze the quantitative and qualitative data from 404 and 254 family caregivers respectively. Predictors for utilization were evaluated using binary logistic regression analysis. The answers to questions of quality were evaluated using qualitative content analysis.Results: Significant predictors for the utilization of SRC are the assessment of the helpfulness of SRC and the caregiver's knowledge of the accessibility of SRC facilities. Family caregivers who had already used SRC most frequently expressed the wish for “good care” in SRC facilities, followed by a program of suitable activities for dementia patients.Conclusions: In order to increase the rate of utilization, family caregivers must be convinced of the relevant advantages of using SRC facilities. The staff should be trained in caring for dementia patients and appropriate activities should be available.

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Constipation and Its Associated Factors among Patients with Dementia

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17239006 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (23) ◽

pp. 9006

Author(s):

Chien-Liang Chen ◽

Tzu-Ming Liang ◽

Hsiu-Hui Chen ◽

Yan-Yuh Lee ◽

Yao-Chung Chuang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nutritional Assessment ◽

Medical Center ◽

Mini Nutritional Assessment ◽

Functional Constipation ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Chang Gung Memorial Hospital ◽

Clinical Dementia Rating ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Dementia Patients ◽

Diet Diary

Constipation is one of the most frequent non-motor problems in older adults. As constipation is commonly ignored by dementia patients, it is not usually reported on time. Constipation has a serious impact on the activity of daily living and quality of life in dementia patients. The relationships between constipation, demographic variables, and the nutritional status of patients with dementia remain unknown. This study aimed to assess the possible factors associated with constipation. This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital from January to November 2019. This hospital is a medical center and the main referral hospital of southern Taiwan, serving 3 million inhabitants. In total, 119 patients with dementia were evaluated using the Rome III diagnostic criteria for functional constipation. There were 30 patients with dementia included in the constipation group and 89 patients with dementia included in the no constipation group. Mini-Nutritional Assessment and 3-day diet diary records were employed. The clinical dementia rating score was used to evaluate the severity of dementia in patients of the outpatient clinic. Approximately 25.2% of dementia patients had constipation. Patients in the dementia with constipation group were older, had severer dementia, and displayed a lower water intake. After multivariable adjustment, low liquid consumption was the predictor of constipation among patients with dementia. The findings support the clinical recommendations to treat constipation with an increased liquid intake, but not exercise, in dementia patients.

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Serum levels of non-enzymatic antioxidants in female dementia patients with respect to the degree of cognitive impairment

Glasnik hemicara i tehnologa Bosne i Hercegovine ◽

10.35666/2232-7266.2021.56.04 ◽

2021 ◽

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Cognitive Assessment ◽

Longitudinal Research ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Protective Role ◽

Enzymatic Antioxidants ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Severe Cognitive Impairment ◽

Dementia Patients

The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between the severity of cognitive impairment in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VD) and the serum antioxidant status of uric acid (UA), albumin (ALB) and bilirubin (BIL) in female patients. The cross-sectional study included 90 subjects, aged ≥65, divided into three groups: 30 patients with AD, 30 patients with VD and 30 control subjects. For cognitive assessment, all participants underwent the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). Serum concentrations of ALB, UA and BIL were determined spectrophotometrically. The AD patients had a significant decrease of UA and increase of serum BIL. Upon stratification according to the degree of cognitive impairment, lower UA concentrations were found in patients with severe cognitive impairment, whereas increased BIL was found in patients with moderate cognitive impairment. Patients with VD were characterized by hypoalbuminemia and upon stratification this finding was evident among patients with severe cognitive impairment. The MoCA score correlated positively with BIL in AD patients. The obtained data supports the protective role of serum antioxidants in the pathogenesis of dementia. Further on, we suggest further longitudinal research to confirm the combined use of these parameters as potential biomarkers in AD and VD.

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Etiological Pattern of Dementia in Patients Attending Dementia Clinic in a Referal Hospital

Bangladesh Journal of Neuroscience ◽

10.3329/bjn.v30i2.57390 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 30 (2) ◽

pp. 77-83

Author(s):

Md Masud Rana ◽

Imran Sarker ◽

Md Shahadat Hossain ◽

Md Rezaul Karim Khan ◽

Md Rafiqul Islam ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Alzheimer’S Disease ◽

Alzheimer's Disease ◽

Vascular Dementia ◽

Potential Risk ◽

Cognitive Abilities ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Dementia Patients ◽

Potential Risk Factors

Background and objectives: Dementia is characterized by loss of or decline in memory and other cognitive abilities and reduces the lifespan of affected people. The number of people with Alzheimer’s Disease and other dementias is increasing every year because of the steady growth in the older population and stable increment in life expectancy and it is expected to increase two-fold by 2030 and three-fold by 2050.In addition to Alzheimer’s disease there are so many reversible and irreversible causes of dementia. This study was aimed to explore the different etiological factors related to dementia patients. Risk factors for dementia, co-morbid conditions were also included. Methods: This cross sectional study was carried out from 2009 to 2014 at dementia clinic (OPD), department of Neurology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU). A total number of 166 dementia patients, as diagnosed by Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) and confirmed by Mini Mental State Examination(MMSE) score were recruited in this study. Diagnosis of specific type of dementia was made on the basis of established criteria. Results: Alzheimer’s disease(32.5%) and Vascular dementia(31.9%) were the most common etiological factor followed by Mixed dementia(19.9%), PD with dementia(8.4%) and others(7.2%) like hypothyroidism, head injury, epilepsy etc. Increasing age, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, IHD, smoking are potential risk factors for dementia. Conclusion: This study concludes Alzheimer’s disease and Vascular dementia are almost equally occurring dementia. There are also some potential risk factors for development of dementia whose modification can bring a great change in dementia treatment and functional outcome of this group of elderly people of Bangladesh. Bangladesh Journal of Neuroscience 2014; Vol. 30 (2): 77-83

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Quality of life in dementia patients in Athens, Greece: predictive factors and the role of caregiver-related factors

International Psychogeriatrics ◽

10.1017/s1041610210001262 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 23 (3) ◽

pp. 395-403 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Antonis A. Mougias ◽

Antonis Politis ◽

Constantine G. Lyketsos ◽

Venetsanos G. Mavreas

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Predictive Factors ◽

Factor Model ◽

Adult Child ◽

Measurement Tool ◽

Related Factors ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Dementia Patients ◽

Person With Dementia

ABSTRACTBackground: Quality of life (QOL) is increasingly recognized as the main target of currently available dementia care. Its assessment has grown exponentially in the dementia field, but few studies have examined predictive factors for QOL taking caregiver variables into account. We examined patient and caregiver factors related to the QOL of dementia patients.Methods: The study design was cross-sectional. 161 couples of community residing dementia patients and their primary caregivers were interviewed. QOL was measured by the ADRQL, a proxy-rated, dementia-specific QOL instrument. Demographic factors were collected and clinical characteristics assessed using validated scales.Results: In univariate analyses several patient and caregiver characteristics appeared associated with patient QOL. In multivariate analyses, independent predictors of worse patient QOL were behavioral and depressive symptoms of dementia patients, dependency in basic activities of daily living, poorer cognitive function, use of antipsychotic medication, caregiver burden, and caregiver not being an adult child. The adjusted R2 of the final, seven-factor model was 0.598.Conclusions: QOL for a person with dementia is a complex issue that is associated with several patient and caregiver factors. Efforts to improve patients’ QOL should be addressed for both patients and caregivers. The measurement of QOL should be included, when possible, as a standard measurement tool, in everyday dementia clinical practice.

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